Abstract: A mechanically tuned rapid capacitive discharge forming apparatus and methods that utilize compliant and shock absorbing components in electrode assemblies in order to accommodate the stresses and strains of the thermally-expanding feedstock and maintain continuous electrical contact between the electrodes and the feedstock throughout the duration of the electrical discharge.

Abstract: A method of forming a weight part integratedly connected with a forged golf club head includes steps of a club head forming step, at least one engaging recess forming step, at least one weight part engaging step, and a step of integratedly connecting the at least one weight part with the club head by forging. A crude rod is provided into a raw forging die and formed to a club head by a forging process. At least one engaging recess is formed in a sole portion or a back portion of the club head by a machining method. At least one weight part is engaged into the at least one engaging recess of the club head. The club head with the at least one weight part is pressed by a forging process to make the material of the club head cover the at least one weight part completely without gaps.

Abstract: The disclosure relates generally to core compositions and methods of molding and the articles so molded. More specifically, the disclosure relates to core compositions and methods for casting hollow titanium-containing articles, and the hollow titanium-containing articles so molded.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for hardening foundry cores of a sand-containing molding material, wherein the core, for its hardening, is subjected in a core molding tool to a catalyst vapor/carrier gas mixture and subsequently to a pressurized air stream, each at a predetermined pressure and a predetermined temperature, wherein a heating and mixing stage, which can be upstream of the core molding tool, is connected to a container containing an organic catalyst in liquid form and to a pressurized air source, wherein the device does not have a preheater, so that the liquid organic catalyst and the pressurized air are heated together in the heating and mixing stage, and the device has a separate flushing line, wherein a first cutoff valve is arranged in the line to the heating and mixing stage, which is closed at the beginning of the flushing, and a second cutoff valve is arranged in the flushing line, which is open at the beginning of the flushing.

Abstract: A machine for forming metal bars, in particular for producing ingots made of precious metal such as gold, silver, precious alloys, as well as other pure metals or different alloys, including a melting station for melting the metal contained in an ingot mould, wherein the ingot mould contains an accurate amount of metal, in the form of powder, grits or swarf of various sizes and a chemical additive, which creates a chemical reaction with the impurities contained in the metal. The chemical additive may be any of boric acid, borax, potassium nitrates, ammonium, sodium, lithium and potassium and sodium chlorides.

Abstract: A machine for forming metal bars, in particular for producing ingots made of precious metal such as gold, silver, precious alloys, as well as other pure metals or different alloys, in the form of solid metal powder, grits or swarf of various sizes, having an ingot mould and a cover for closing the ingot mould when filled, the ingot mould has a dimension in height such that the cover passes from a first position to a second position when the volume occupied by the mass of metal that fills the ingot mould reduces gradually up to one third of the initial solid volume.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for controlling the surface quality of an ultra-low carbon steel slab, the method comprising the steps of: measuring the phosphorus (P) concentration, sulfur (S) concentration and superheating degree of a molten steel which is introduced into a mould in a continuous casting process for producing the ultra-low carbon steel slab, the width of the mould, and the casting speed of the slab; and calculating the depth of a hook which is formed when the molten steel is solidified into the slab, based on the measured width of the mould, the measured phosphorus (P) concentration, sulfur (S) concentration and superheating degree of the molten steel, and the measured casting speed of the slab.

Abstract: A process for producing a composite cast part containing an insert part and casting material, wherein the insert part is integrally bonded to the casting material and the process comprises the following steps: producing the insert part formed of an exothermic material; encapsulating or embedding the insert part; inserting the encapsulated/embedded insert part into a casting mould; filling the mould with molten mass; and flowing a casting material on the insert part wherein the exothermic material ignites through contact with the flowing casting material or as a result of the ignition temperature of the exothermic mass being reached, whereby a temperature gradient between the cast material solidifying molten mass the insert part is reduced.

Abstract: A mold for making a workpiece is shown performing the steps of positioning a workpiece in a cavity of the mold, moving a first mold piece and a second mold piece towards a closed configuration with an extending wall of the first mold piece pressing into a peripheral portion of the workpiece so as to hold the workpiece between the first and second mold pieces, wherein a space is defined between the workpiece and a surface of the first mold piece in the closed configuration, the space receiving a molding material so as to form at least a second layer of the workpiece, and pressing the extending wall of the first mold piece into the peripheral portion of the workpiece to form a seal between the extending wall and the workpiece to prevent flow of a fluid through the seal. Moveable pieces for such a mold are shown.

Abstract: A method of joining an amorphous alloy material to a heterogeneous material and a composite formed by the same are provided. The method comprises steps of: placing a pre-formed piece made of one of the amorphous alloy material and the heterogeneous material into a mold; heating the other of the amorphous alloy material and the heterogeneous material to a predetermined temperature, and casting the other of the amorphous alloy material and the heterogeneous material into the mold to form a transition connection part joining the amorphous alloy material to the heterogeneous material and having a fusion welded structure, a microstructure reinforcing connection structure and a composite connection structure; and cooling the amorphous alloy material and the heterogeneous material at a rate higher than a critical cooling rate of the amorphous alloy material to obtain a composite formed by joining the amorphous alloy material to the heterogeneous material by the transition connection part.

Abstract: The pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity is made in such a manner that the pressure chamber (1) has an external cooling jacket (2) and the vacuum valve (19), while inside of the pressure chamber (1), that is, preferably, made in a shape of a seamless tube, a removable, replaceable, demountable crystallizer (4) is attached to one cover (3), while to the second cover (5) the melting furnace (6) with an internal removable crucible (7) is attached and further the heater (16) in a form of a heating element encapsulated with an insulation (17) having the form of ceramic beads is provided between the inner housing of the melting furnace (6) and the crucible (7), the drain hole (8) of which is directed in the direction of the inlet filling hole (9) of the crystallizer (4), and wherein the intermediate element (10), preferably in the form of a conical funnel, is fastened between the melting furnace (5) and the crystallizer (4), wherein the pressure chamber (1) is mounted in a supporting fr

Abstract: Molten metal is injected uniformly into a horizontal mold from a feed chamber in a horizontal or vertical direction at a controlled rate, directly on top of the metal already within the mold. A cooling medium is applied to the bottom surface of the mold, with the type and flow rate of the cooling medium being varied to produce a controlled cooling rate throughout the casting process. The rate of introduction of molten metal and the flow rate of the cooling medium are both controlled to produce a relatively uniform solidification rate within the mold, thereby producing a uniform microstructure throughout the casting, and low stresses throughout the casting.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method of producing a bubbled metal foam, wherein adjusting the size of the bubbles takes place simultaneously with forming the bubbles by the use of oscillations induced by longitudinal waves within a formation region of the bubbles. In this way, a decrease in bubble size which can be caused in an uncontrolled or chaotic manner after the bubbles are created can be avoided. The oscillations are produced along a free surface of a metal melt to provide surface foaming.

Abstract: Electrically driven rapid vaporization of thin metallic foils is used to conduct impulse-based metal working operations such as dynamic compaction of metal powders, collision welding, embossing, shearing, shape calibration, and closed-die forming. A metal body is sheared from a metal sheet using foil actuators operating at input electrical energies from 4 kJ to 10 kJ. During the impulse shearing operation, the sheared plugs were accelerated up to velocities of 1400 m/s within a few millimeters of travel distance. The sheared plugs were used as pistons to compress milled commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) and Ti-6AI-4V alloy (Ti-6-4) powders, both of which had tap densities of approximately 25-28%. After the process, compaction in the range of greater than 90% was observed. When compared to a quasistatic cold compaction process, a significant gain in densification with same pressures was observed.

Abstract: This aluminum sintering material is an aluminum sintering material that is used for producing a porous aluminum sintered compact in which a plurality of aluminum base materials are sintered together, and the aluminum sintering material includes: the aluminum base materials; and a plurality of titanium powder particles fixed to outer surfaces of the aluminum base materials, wherein the titanium powder particles are composed of either one or both of metallic titanium powder particles and hydrogenated titanium powder particles.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a sintered compact includes a first step in which magnetic powder is fabricated by rapid solidification, a second step in which a mass of the magnetic powder is housed in a forming mold, and preliminary heating is performed by placing the mass of the magnetic powder in a preliminary heating part of the forming mold at first temperature that is lower than coarse crystal particle generation temperature, and a third step in which main heating is performed by placing the preliminarily heated mass of the magnetic powder at second temperature that is lower than the coarse crystal particle generation temperature and higher than the first temperature, and press forming is performed while keeping temperature of the magnetic powder at densification temperature or higher.

Abstract: The disclosure extends to methods, systems, and computer program products for producing a 3D printed product. The disclosure relates generally to 3D printing and more particularly, but not necessarily entirely, to 3D printing using metals, plastics, resins, and other materials.

Abstract: A material deposition head may include a body that defines first and second ends, an exterior surface, an interior surface, and one or more material delivery channels, where the exterior surface includes fluting. In some examples, a system may include a fluted material deposition head, a fluidized powder source, and an energy source.

Abstract: This porous aluminum sintered compact is a porous aluminum sintered compact in which a plurality of aluminum base materials are sintered together, and a Ti—Al-based compound is present in bonding portions at which the aluminum base materials are bonded together. It is preferable that a plurality of columnar protrusions protruding outwards are formed on an outer surface of the aluminum base material and the bonding portions are present at the columnar protrusions.

Abstract: A method for forming a diffusion cooling hole in a substrate includes removing material from the substrate to form a metering section having an inlet on a first side of the substrate and removing material from the substrate to form a diffusing section that extends between the metering section and an outlet located on a second side of the substrate generally opposite the first side. The method also includes forming a feature on a substrate surface within one of the metering section and the diffusing section. Forming the feature includes depositing a material on the substrate surface and selectively heating the material to join the material with the substrate surface and form the feature.

Abstract: Improvements in an outside chamfering tool are disclosed. The outside chamfering tool is made from an assembly of pieces. The outside chamfering tool uses multiple removable and replaceable cutters. The use of multiple cutters allows the cutters to create an outside chamfer to a point. The multiple cutters help to center the part being machined by loading the part being chamfered on multiple sides. The outside chamfering tool uses four cutters placed on 90 degree quadrants. The cutting surfaces are resharpened by pushing or pulling the cutting tools out of the holder and then grasping the cutter bits in a grinder where a new cutting surface can be formed on each of the cutting surfaces collectively or individually. The cutting surfaces nest together within the holder with slight interference or friction forces hold the cutters in position.

Abstract: There is provided a cutting tool having high wear resistance and fracture resistance by reducing the occurrence of thermal cracking on a cutting edge even during a cutting process of a heat-resistant alloy in which the cutting edge reaches high temperatures. The cutting tool is made from a cemented carbide that is composed mainly of a WC phase and contains 11.5-12.5% by mass of Co and 0.2-0.6% by mass of Cr in terms of Cr3C2. The WC phase has a mean particle size of 0.85-1.05 ?m, an antimagnetic force (Hc) of 13.0-16.0 kA/m, and a Rockwell hardness (HRA) of 89.5-90.5.

Abstract: A tool chuck for clamping a tool in a machine tool, having a base body and a sleeve part protruding therefrom, which sleeve part forms a tool holder for fixing a tool shaft in a frictional, nonpositive fashion; a cavity in which a vibration damping component is accommodated is provided in the tool chuck.

Abstract: In a tool attachment for fastening to a fastening interface of a hand-held machine tool, having a locking unit which in an unlocked state makes it possible for the tool attachment to be placed on the fastening interface of the hand-held machine tool and in a locked state makes it possible for the tool attachment to be locked to the fastening interface of the hand-held machine tool for operation, the locking unit having a rotatable locking body, and a first rotational position of the locking body being associated with the unlocked state and a second rotational position of the locking body being associated with the locked state, the locking unit has a locking member which is configured to prevent rotation of the locking body from the second rotational position into the first rotational position in the locked state.

Abstract: A chuck with a chuck body having a guide opening and an actuating element, and with at least one interchangeable clamp that can be inserted into the guide opening. The clamp has associated therewith a rotary disk with a blocking element that secures the rotary disk against rotation relative to the chuck body during insertion of the clamp into the guide opening. This makes it possible that, upon a rotation of the clamp about the longitudinal axis in the guide opening, a segment can be displaced outward toward the chuck body by the rotation relative to the rotary disk, via which the clamp is detachably secured on the chuck body. A clamp with a clamp body, a pivot body located in the clamp body, and a chucking element is also provided. The clamp has, at the opposite end of the clamping element, a locking unit that carries the pivot body.

Abstract: A tube cutter is revealed. A moveable member is mounted into a main body by a rod portion inserted into a slot of the main body. At the same time, a jagged positioning portion on a positioning block of the main body is positioned on a jagged stopping portion of the rod portion by a pressing elastic part. An elastic pressing member includes a supporting elastic part disposed between a mounting projection and a mounting hole of the main body. A sliding block on bottom of the elastic pressing member is mounted in a sliding groove of the main body while sliding distance of the sliding block is restricted by a stopping rod in a stopping hole. A cutting blade of the moveable member is tightly against a tube due to the elastic pressing member being pushed by the supporting elastic part. Thus the tube is cut smoothly.

Abstract: A cutter capable of cutting multiple intersecting faces in an elongate workpiece at precisely controlled angles or two faces at precise offsets in an elongate workpiece that can be pivoted about its longitudinal axis. The cutter being able to accurately make two or more intersecting or spaced apart cuts in the workpiece by adjusting the orientation of a workpiece holding means with respect to a cutting means in an x direction and at least two other directions chosen from a set including: y, z, ?, ? and ?, where the x, y and z directions are orthogonal Euclidean directions and the ?, ? and ? directions are polar angular directions. The workpiece is pivotable about a longitudinal axis that is contained within its cross sectional area, rather than being pivotable about a longitudinal axis disposed upon the outer surface or outside of the workpiece.

Abstract: A saw guide assembly includes a stack of saw guides with bodies having a second portion with lubricant holes and coolant holes extending between the first and second surfaces on opposite sides thereof. The lubricant and coolant holes are aligned so that fluid supplied to any of the lubricant or coolant holes of a saw guide at one end of the stack passes into the corresponding holes of at least some of the remaining saw guides in the stack. The first portion has a first saw blade engagement surface with a lubricant distribution region and a coolant distribution region. Coolant and lubricant transfer paths extend from selected coolant and lubricant holes for that saw guide to the coolant and lubricant distribution regions. The coolant and lubricant transfer paths are different for at least some of the saw guides for separate delivery to the distribution regions.

Abstract: Laminated cutting blade cores and methods of manufacture are disclosed, where the blade core is embossed or debossed and the embossment or debossment have a substantially constant thickness or envelope width, or forms a cavity without any opening or outlet, except for possibly at a perimeter of the core.

Abstract: A saw blade comprises an elongated band having a multiplicity of teeth sets. In a preferred embodiment, each teeth set comprises a modified raker set of teeth comprising a continuous series of right, left, raker, right and left teeth, each having a different pitch. Each tooth preferably has a transverse tooth face substantially perpendicular to the feed direction of the blade and also has a notch. In one embodiment, the left and right teeth may have a uniform hook angle and each tooth of the given blade set has the same lateral blade displacement.

Abstract: Herein a cutting insert for a power skiving tool is disclosed. The cutting insert includes an insert body having a bottom surface extending in a first plane, and a body axis extending substantially in parallel with the first plane. The insert body has a cutting end portion and opposite thereto, an abutment surface. The abutment surface extends substantially perpendicularly to the body axis and to the first plane. The cutting end portion is provided with a first and a second cutting edge, the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge being directed in a same cutting direction. Herein, further a power skiving tool including such cutting inserts is disclosed.

Abstract: A system which makes it possible to judge causes of fluctuation in thread pitches is provided. The system which calculates thread pitches includes a first detection part that detects rotation angles of a rotary shaft, a second detection part that detects movement amounts of a feed shaft, and a calculation part that, based on the rotation angles detected by the first detection part and the movement amounts detected by the second detection part, calculates the movement amounts for each rotation of the rotary shaft in forming threads on a workpiece W.

Abstract: A die stock comprising a substantially cylindrical holder, which is symmetrical to a centric holder longitudinal axis that runs in an axial direction, wherein the holder has a plurality of receiving grooves each of which is configured for receiving a cutting insert and a clamping wedge, wherein each of the receiving grooves extends from a first end face of the holder in the axial direction, said first end face running transversely to the axial direction, and wherein each of the receiving grooves extends from an inner side of the holder in a radial direction, said inner side facing toward the holder longitudinal axis. The die stock further comprises a plurality of cutting inserts arranged detachably in the receiving grooves, wherein each cutting insert has, on a front side that faces substantially toward the holder longitudinal axis, at least one cutting edge.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a fastener for an aircraft. An annealed titanium alloy is provided with about 5.50 to about 6.75 weight percent aluminum, about 3.50 to about 4.50 weight percent vanadium, more than 0.20 weight percent oxygen, and more than 0.30 weight percent iron. Operations are performed to form the fastener for the aircraft from the annealed titanium alloy.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a top plate sized to cover components for a PCB in a solder operation to attach the components to a top surface of the PCB. The apparatus may include heat shielding devices and/or heat attracting devices. Each heat shielding device reduces heat transfer to a component to be soldered to the PCB and is positioned in the top plate to decrease heat to the component corresponding to the heat shielding device. Each heat attracting device increases heat transfer to a component to be soldered to the PCB and each heat attracting device is positioned in the top plate to increase heat to the component under the heat attracting device. The top plate is coupled to the heat shielding and/or heat attracting devices and includes a recess for each component configured with a heat shielding device or a heat attracting device.

Abstract: A robot includes: a mounting portion on which a welding torch is mountable; an arm portion having a tip portion, the arm portion swingably supporting the mounting portion at the tip portion; an arm supporting portion having a tip portion, the arm supporting portion supporting the arm portion rotatably around a first rotation axis at the tip portion, the first rotation axis being perpendicular to a swinging axis of the mounting portion; and a feeding device arranged in a space to intersect with an axis line of the first rotation axis, the space being formed between the tip portion and a base end portion of the arm portion along an axis line of the first rotation axis, the feeding device being configured to feed a wire to the welding torch mounted on the mounting portion.

Abstract: A solid wire for gas shielded arc welding comprising the following in terms of mass-% with respect to a total mass of the wire including plating: C: from 0.03 to 0.15%, Si: from 0.2 to 0.5%, Mn: from 0.3 to 0.8%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: from 0.1 to 0.3%, Ti: from 0.001 to 0.2%, Cu: from 0 to 0.5%, Cr: from 0 to 2.5%, Nb: from 0 to 1.0%, and V: from 0 to 1.0%, wherein the balance is Fe and impurities, and the following value of X is in a range of from 1.5 to 3.5 mass %. A welding metal, wherein the X value of the following formula is in a range of from 1.0 to 4.0%. Further, a welded joint, a weldment, and a welding method of the welded joint, utilizing the solid wire or the weld metal.

Abstract: A welding system for applying a weld to a workpiece, the welding system including a torch head frame, a welding torch supported on the frame, the welding torch including an electrode; a fillet adjustment assembly including a mounting block, wherein the torch head frame is pivotally attached to the mounting block and pivotable about a fillet axis, the fillet adjustment assembly including a fillet locking assembly adapted to hold the torch head at a selected fillet angle relative to the mounting block. The welding system also includes a lead lag axis about which the torch head is adjusted.

Abstract: A system and method for repairing a metal substrate includes an electrospark device and an electrode removably supported in the electrode holder. The electrospark device applies a coating of a material when placed into contact with the metal substrate. A cooling device to lowers the temperature of shielding gas flow below an ambient temperature. A conduit is arranged to direct a flow of the shielding gas to the interface of the electrode and the substrate to cool the area of the substrate receiving the coating.

Abstract: A magnet arrangement for a magnetically impelled arc butt welding system, wherein the system is used to weld an airfoil to a platform of a gas turbine. The magnet arrangement includes a first plurality of magnets wherein the magnets are located adjacent a first curved airfoil surface and arranged in a first curved shape corresponding to a shape of the first curved airfoil surface. The magnet arrangement also includes a second plurality of magnets wherein the magnets are located adjacent a second curved airfoil surface and arranged in a second curved shape corresponding to a shape of the second curved airfoil surface such that the first plurality of magnets has a different curvature than the second plurality of magnets. The first and second plurality of magnets guide an electric arc of the system along mating surfaces to heat the mating surfaces to enable the airfoil and platform to be forged together.

Abstract: A welding gun adapted to secure a contact tip within the welding gun without threading the contact tip and without the use of tools. The contact tip may be adapted to abut a surface of a first member disposed within the welding gun. The surface may be a surface of a gas diffuser. The surface may be adapted to abut the contact tip. The contact tip also may be adapted for abutment with a second member to urge the contact tip toward the first member. The second member may be a portion of a nozzle adapted to abut the contact tip to urge the contact tip toward the surface of the first member. A method of assembling a welding gun also is provided. The method may include disposing a contact tip between a first and a second member and capturing the contact tip between the first and second members.

Abstract: A method of pre-placing a reaction material onto a surface of a metal workpiece substrate involves the use of oscillating wire arc welding. The method involves depositing and adhering the reaction material from a consumable electrode rod. In doing so, the reaction material can be deposited at any time before the metal workpiece substrate is ready for joining by reaction metallurgical joining, and the size and shape of the reaction material deposit can be more easily controlled.

Abstract: A method of joining a first metal workpiece substrate and a second metal workpiece substrate by way of reaction metallurgical joining involves passing a pulsating DC electrical current through the metal workpiece substrates and a reaction material disposed between confronting faying surfaces of the workpiece substrates. The electrical current comprises a plurality of current pulses that generally increase in applied current level.

Abstract: Proposed is a method of resistance spot welding to join a plurality of overlapping metal sheets, including: dividing a current pattern into two or more steps for welding; before actual welding, performing test welding to store, for each step as a target value, a time variation of an instantaneous amount of heat generated per unit volume and a cumulative amount of heat generated per unit volume; and subsequently, as actual welding, starting welding using, as a standard, a time variation curve of the instantaneous amount of heat generated per unit volume obtained by the test welding, and when a time variation amount of an instantaneous amount of heat generated deviates during any step from the time variation curve by a difference, performing adaptive control welding to control a current passage amount in order to compensate for the difference during a remaining welding time in the step.

Abstract: A resistance spot welding system includes a calculation unit that calculate and store a time variation of an instantaneous amount of heat generated, a division unit that divides a current pattern into a plurality of steps and stores a time variation of the instantaneous amount of heat generated and a cumulative amount of heat generated for each step as a target value, and an adaptive control unit that starts welding upon subsequent actual welding using, as a standard, a time variation curve of the instantaneous amount of heat generated that is stored as the target value, and adjusts welding current and voltage during welding, when a time variation amount of an instantaneous amount of heat generated deviates during any step from the time variation curve by a difference, so as to compensate for the difference during a remaining welding time in the step.

Abstract: A method of connecting two components (1, 6) is disclosed, wherein a first component (1) is connected to a second component (6) at a connecting point (4) of the first component (1), and wherein a surrounding region (3), which surrounds the connecting point (4), is heated by electrical resistance heating prior to the two components (1, 6) being connected, so that the ductility of the first component (1) in the surrounding region (3) is increased and the strength is substantially reduced.

Abstract: A method for bonding metal parts to each other includes a first step of sandwiching a bonding member between surfaces to be bonded of a first metal part and a second metal part, the bonding member having a melting point within a range of ?150° C. to +150° C. with respect to melting points of the first and second metal parts, and a second step of resistance-welding the surfaces to be bonded of the first and second metal parts to each other using the bonding member.

Abstract: A joined body formed by joining end surfaces of two joining members to each other by a friction welding, the joined body includes a hollow portion formed on at least one of the two joining members, the hollow portion being configured to have an opening at the joining face between the two joining members; and an annular groove portion formed on an inner circumferential surface of the hollow portion at a position separated from a joining face in an axial direction.

Abstract: A friction stir processing tool and method for manufacturing the same are provided. The tool includes a non-consumable, interchangeable friction stir probe body. The tool includes a material flow path defined by an outer surface of a probe body, which has a non-linear, continuous, monotonically-decreasing axial profile. The probe body is adapted to engage a workpiece material to perform a friction stir process by rotating about an axis thereof thereby directing a weld material toward a distal end of the probe body along the flow path. The flow path varies in pitch as the lateral cross-sectional dimension of the probe body decreases toward the distal end thereby causing the weld material to maintain a controlled speed as it travels along the flow path. Geometric surface features such as threads, helical grooves, ridges, flutes, and/or flats, integrated with the probe body may define the flow path.

Abstract: Use of a laser beam (1) which has one external and one internal laser beam area (4,7) with different intensities enables a higher temperature gradient to be produced in the z-direction.