Abstract: When a plurality of outer rings (R) are sequentially and inductively heated to a target temperature by energizing a heating coil (2) elongated more than each of the plurality of outer rings (R), which are made of steel and retained coaxially by a retaining unit (3), while relatively moving the outer rings (R) and the heating coil (2) in an axial direction, an output of the heating coil (2) is varied in consideration of the number of outer rings (R) present in an opposing region of the heating coil (2).

Abstract: This high-strength cold-rolled steel sheet contains, in mass %, C: 0.02% to 0.20%; Si: 0.001% to 2.5%; Mn: 0.01% to 4.0%; P: 0.001% to 0.15%; S: 0.0005% to 0.03%; Al: 0.001% to 2.0%; N: 0.0005% to 0.01%; and O: 0.0005% to 0.01%; in which Si+Al is limited to less than 1.0%, and a balance being composed of iron and inevitable impurities, in which an area ratio of bainite in a metal structure is 95% or more, at a sheet thickness center portion being a range of ? to ? in sheet thickness from the surface of the steel sheet, an average value of pole densities of the {100}<011> to {223}<110> orientation group is 4.0 or less, and a pole density of the {332}<113> crystal orientation is 5.0 or less, and a mean volume diameter of crystal grains in the metal structure is 7 ?m or less.

Abstract: A wire rod cooling apparatus that cools a wire rod wound in a ring shape by a wire rod winder while transferring the wire rod on a conveyor includes: a plurality of jet nozzles that are arranged along a width direction of the conveyor and jet coolant toward the wire rod; an imaging device that is provided on a transfer-line upstream side of a jet nozzle row composed of the plurality of jet nozzles and captures an image of the wire rod being transferred; and a control unit that extracts sparseness and denseness information and temperature information of the wire rod from the captured image. The control unit is configured to control a flow rate of coolant jetted from the jet nozzles individually for each jet nozzle on the basis of the sparseness and denseness information and the temperature information of the wire rod in conformity with a timing when a specified portion corresponding to the information arrives at the jet nozzle.

Abstract: A non quenched and tempered steel and manufacturing process thereof. The process comprises a cooling step after the finish rolling step; and the process utilizes alternate intense cooling and moderate cooling. The intense cooling can ensure the surface temperature of the steel to decrease rapidly; and the moderate cooling allows the core temperature of the steel to dissipate gradually to the surface; a further intense cooling is carried out to allow rapid heat dissipation. The intense cooling and the moderate cooling can be carried out alternately several times according to practical requirement. A water cooling mode combining intense cooling and moderate cooling allows the core temperature and the surface temperature of the steel to become the same within a short time, and thus ensures the uniformity of the mechanical properties of the steel and improves the production efficiency.

Abstract: Compositions and methods used in the modification of crystallization of aluminum hydroxide from liquor in an aluminum hydroxide production process, such as the Bayer process. More particularly, crystal growth modifier compositions comprising a component of crude corn oil derived from a bioethanol production process and/or a component of biodiesel and methods of using such compositions to modify particle size and distribution of precipitated alumina trihydrate in a precipitation liquor crystallization process.

Abstract: Provided is a method for neutralizing a sulfuric acid acidic solution, whereby the pH of a neutralized solution can be stabilized, and also provided is a hydrometallurgical method for nickel oxide ores. The hydrometallurgical method comprises a sulfuric acid leaching step of leaching an ore slurry of a nickel oxide ore with sulfuric acid, a neutralization step of neutralizing a crude nickel sulfate aqueous solution by adding a neutralizing agent thereto, and a dezincification step of removing zinc as zinc sulfide by adding a sulfurizing agent to a neutralized solution; wherein in the neutralization step, the amount of the neutralizing agent added is adjusted using, as an index, a neutralizing agent addition ratio that indicates the amount of the neutralizing agent added relative to the amount of free sulfuric acid in the crude nickel sulfate aqueous solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for recovering lithium included in a solution such as sea water, and to a sea water lithium-recovery device and a lithium-recovery station using coastal-water-based lithium-adsorption equipment and shore-based lithium-isolation equipment and a lithium desorption device using aeration.

Abstract: A reinforced magnesium matrix composite includes a quasicrystal and alumina mixture particles reinforcement phase and a magnesium alloy matrix, where the weight ratio of the quasicrystal and alumina mixture particles reinforcement phase to the magnesium alloy matrix is (4-8) to 100; the magnesium alloy matrix including by weight 1000 parts of magnesium, 90 parts of aluminum, 10 parts of zinc, 1.5-5 parts of manganese, 0.5-1 part of silicon and 0.1-0.5 part of calcium; the quasicrystal and alumina mixture particles reinforcement phase including by weight 40 parts of magnesium, 50-60 parts of zinc, 5-10 parts of yttrium and 8-20 parts of nanometer alumina particles of which the diameter is 20-30 nm; and the quasicrystal and alumina mixture particles reinforcement phase having a size of 100-200 mesh.

Abstract: Dispersion strengthened aluminum-cerium-manganese alloys containing from about 0.05 to about 23.0 weight percent cerium and about 0.03 to about 9.5 weight percent manganese exhibit mechanical properties that make them useful alloys as a result of age hardening for extended periods at temperatures between 350° C. (662° F.) and 450° C. (842° F.).

Abstract: Hydrogen storage alloys comprising a) at least one main phase, b) a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the weight ratio of the catalytic secondary phase abundance to the storage secondary phase abundance is ?3; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises from 0.05 at % to 0.98 at % of one or more rare earth elements; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises for example i) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Nb and Hf and ii) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Sn, Al, Co, Cu, Mo, W, Fe, Si, Sn and rare earth elements, where the atomic ratio of ii) to i) is from about 1.80 to about 1.

Abstract: Hydrogen storage alloys comprising a) at least one main phase, b) a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the weight ratio of the catalytic secondary phase abundance to the storage secondary phase abundance is ?3; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises from 0.05 at % to 0.98 at % of one or more rare earth elements; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises for example i) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Nb and Hf and ii) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Sn, Al, Co, Cu, Mo, W, Fe, Si, Sn and rare earth elements, where the atomic ratio of ii) to i) is from about 1.80 to about 1.

Abstract: Hydrogen storage alloys comprising a) at least one main phase, b) a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the weight ratio of the catalytic secondary phase abundance to the storage secondary phase abundance is ?3; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises from 0.05 at % to 0.98 at % of one or more rare earth elements; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises for example i) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Nb and Hf and ii) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Sn, Al, Co, Cu, Mo, W, Fe, Si, Sn and rare earth elements, where the atomic ratio of ii) to i) is from about 1.80 to about 1.

Abstract: Novel recycled aluminum alloys are provided for use in an impact extrusion manufacturing process to create shaped containers and other articles of manufacture. In one embodiment blends of recycled scrap aluminum are used in conjunction with relatively pure aluminum to create novel compositions which may be formed and shaped in an environmentally friendly process. Other embodiments include methods for manufacturing a slug material comprising recycled aluminum for use in the impact extraction process.

Abstract: Hydrogen storage alloys comprising a) at least one main phase, b) a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the weight ratio of the catalytic secondary phase abundance to the storage secondary phase abundance is ?3; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises from 0.05 at % to 0.98 at % of one or more rare earth elements; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises for example i) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Nb and Hf and ii) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Sn, Al, Co, Cu, Mo, W, Fe, Si, Sn and rare earth elements, where the atomic ratio of ii) to i) is from about 1.80 to about 1.

Abstract: A lower carbon steel alloy with specific substitutional alloying additions. The alloy is useful in the production of ASTM A516 grade pressure vessel steel plates with excellent HIC resistance. The material has a ferrite-pearlite microstructure, in normalized and stress relieved condition, appropriate for resisting hydrogen induced cracking, with isolated ferrite and pearlite constituents and no continuous pearlite bands. The material exhibits significant low temperature toughness.

Abstract: A hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having a good appearance and good adhesion to a coating, the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having a composition containing, on a mass basis: C: 0.08% or more and less than 0.20%, Si: 0.1% to 3.0%, Mn: 0.5% to 3.0%, P: 0.001% to 0.10%, Al: 0.01% to 3.00%, and S: 0.200% or less, a remainder being Fe and incidental impurities, wherein the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet includes an internal oxidation layer and a decarburized layer, the internal oxidation layer having a thickness of 5 ?m or less, the decarburized layer having a thickness of 20 ?m or less, and 50% or more by area of the internal oxidation layer is composed of a Si oxide containing Fe and/or Mn represented by Fe2XMn2-2XSiOY, wherein X ranges from 0 to 1, and Y is 3 or 4.

Abstract: To provide a steel for high-strength bolts, which can exhibit the sufficient delayed fracture resistance under the severe environment, and also has excellent bolt formability. The steel for high-strength bolts of the present invention includes C: 0.10 to 0.30%; and Ni: 0.4 to 0.7%, with the chemical composition being appropriately adjust, and satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2): 0.85?[C]+[Si]/7+[Mn]/5+[Ni]/20+[Cr]/9+[Mo]/2?1.3??(1) [C]?(0.07×[Mo]+0.20×[V])?0.

Abstract: An automotive member or a feed oil pipe includes: a member made of a ferritic stainless steel containing predetermined components containing 10.5% to 18.0% of Cr in mass %; a metal fitting made of an aluminized stainless steel sheet, the metal fitting being attached to the member; and a gap structure defined between the member and the metal fitting, the gap structure being exposed to a chloride environment, where the metal fitting has an Al-plating weight per unit area of 20 g/m2 or more and 150 g/m2 or less on a surface corresponding to a gap of the gap structure, and surfaces of the metal fitting and the non-aluminized member other than the gap are coated with a cation electrodeposition coating film having a thickness of 5 ?m to 35 ?m.

Abstract: A creep reinforcement material containing one or a plurality of elements selected from B, W, Cr, Mo, Nb, V, Hf, Zr, Ti, Cu, and Co is coated or thermally sprayed onto a surface of a heat-resistant metal member manufactured using a heat-resistant metal material, and a section coated or thermally sprayed with the creep reinforcement material is covered by a heat-resistant covering member and secured so as to contact the section. The heat-resistant metal member covered by the heat-resistant covering member is heated to a temperature of 1000° C. or greater, and thus compressive force accordingly acts on the heat-resistant metal member as it thermally expands in a direction toward the outer periphery, restraining thermal expansion of the heat-resistant metal member in the direction toward the outer periphery, and enabling the creep reinforcement material on the surface of the heat-resistant metal member to be efficiently diffused and permeated into the heat-resistant metal member.

Abstract: Slurry coating composition for selectively enriching surface regions of a metal-based substrate, for example, the under-platform regions of a turbine blade, with chromium. The slurry coating composition contains metallic chromium, optionally metallic aluminum in a lesser amount by weight than chromium, and optionally other constituents. The composition further includes colloidal silica, and may also include one or more additional constituents, though in any event the composition is substantially free of hexavalent chromium and sources thereof. The coating composition can be used in a process that entails applying the coating composition to a surface region to form a slurry coating, and then heating the coating to remove any volatile components of the coating composition and thereafter cause diffusion of chromium from the coating into the surface region to form a chromium-rich diffusion coating.

Abstract: A Zr-based or Zr—Cu based metallic glass thin film (MGTF) coated on aluminum alloy substrate and a method of fabricating the metallic glass and MGTF coated on aluminum alloy substrate are disclosed. The Zr-based metallic glass thin film-coated aluminum alloy substrate of the present invention comprises: an aluminum alloy substrate; and a Zr-based metallic glass thin film located on the substrate, in which the Zr-based metallic glass is represented by the formula of (ZraCubNicAld)100-xSix, wherein 45=<a=<75, 25=<b=<35, 5=<c=<15, 5=<d=<15, 0.1=<x=<10. The Zr—Cu-based metallic glass thin film coated substrate of the present invention comprises: an aluminum alloy substrate; a Zr—Cu-based metallic glass thin film located on the aluminum alloy substrate, in which the Zr—Cu-based metallic glass is represented by the following formula of (ZreCufAlgAgh)100-ySiy, wherein 35=<e=<55, 35=<f=<55, 5=<g=<15, 5=<h=<15, 0.1=<y=<10.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a system and method for multiple beam laser deposition of thin films wherein separate laser beams are used to ablate material from separate targets for concurrent deposition on a common substrate. The targets may include, but not limited to polymers, organics, inorganics, nanocrystals, solutions, or mixtures of materials. A target may be disposed on a tiltable mount to adjust the direction of the ablation plumes. Multiple ablation modes may be concurrently employed at the various targets, including, but not limited to pulsed laser, MAPLE, IR-MAPLE and other modes. One laser may be tunable to an absorption wavelength of a component of the target. The tunable laser may be for example an optical parametric oscillator laser. The system may include a camera and processor for plume axis determination and feedback control of the plume axis by controlling a tilt of a target holder.

Abstract: A Ga-containing and Cu-containing sputtering target has a Ga content of from 30 to 68 at %. The sputtering target contains only CuGa2 as Ga-containing and Cu-containing intermetallic phase or the proportion by volume of CuGa2 is greater than the proportion by volume of Cu9Ga4. The sputtering target is advantageously produced by spark plasma sintering or cold gas spraying. Compared to Cu9Ga4, CuGa2 is very soft, which aids the production of defect-free sputtering targets having homogeneous sputtering behavior.

Abstract: An apparatus for plating Nd—Fe—B magnet includes a cathode and a target source holder defining a predetermined distance of 5 mm to 200 mm therebetween. A pulse bias power supply having a first positive terminal connected to an anode and a first negative terminal connected to the cathode. A DC bias power supply having a second positive terminal connected to the anode and a second negative terminal connected to the target source holder. The anode is connected to the earth ground. A method for plating the Nd—Fe—B magnet includes steps of maintaining the predetermined distance of 5 mm to 200 mm between the cleaned Nd—Fe—B magnet and the target source material, increasing a first electric potential to the cathode and a second electric potential to the target source holder with the second electric potential greater than the first electric potential, and maintaining a potential differential of 0V to 500V therebetween.

Abstract: An ion etch assisted deposition apparatus deposits a thin film upon a substrate having a three dimensional feature, using an ion etching source and deposition source arranged at similar angles relative to the substrate and at an angle ? relative to each other. The angle ? is selected to be substantially equal the supplement of the angle ?? formed between the three dimensional feature on the substrate and the substrate surface. In this configuration the relative flux of energetic etch ions and deposition atoms is adjusted to prevent the growth of poor quality deposited material.

Abstract: An electrostatic chuck assembly and processing chamber having the same are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, an electrostatic chuck assembly is provided that includes a body having an outer edge connecting a frontside surface and a backside surface. The body has chucking electrodes disposed therein. A wafer spacing mask is formed on the frontside surface of the body. The wafer spacing mask has a plurality of elongated features. The elongated features have long axes that are radial aligned from the center to the outer edge. The wafer spacing mask has a plurality of radially aligned gas passages defined between the elongated features.

Abstract: Technologies are described for controlling temperature of ICEs during ICE fabrication. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a design of an integrated computational element (ICE), the ICE design including specification of a substrate and a plurality of layers, their respective target thicknesses and complex refractive indices, where complex refractive indices of adjacent layers are different from each other, and where a notional ICE fabricated in accordance with the ICE design is related to a characteristic of a sample; forming at least some of the plurality of layers of an ICE in accordance with the ICE design; and controlling, during the forming, a temperature of the formed layers of the ICE such that the ICE, when completed, relates to the characteristic of the sample.

Abstract: The present invention is related with a heating vessel for preventing leakage of high temperature metal material and a manufacture method thereof. The heating vessel comprises: an internal heating vessel employed for containing metal material, an external heating vessel employed to be heated by a heating apparatus and a top cap having a vapor hole employed for escape of the vaporized metal material; the internal heating vessel is completely contained in the external heating vessel and positionally fixed relative to the external heating vessel, and an interspace exists between a side wall of the internal heating vessel and a side wall of the external heating vessel, and the top cap is fixed on tops of the internal heating vessel and the external heating vessel to cover opens of the internal heating vessel and the external heating vessel. The present invention also provides the manufacture method of the vessel.

Abstract: The present invention provides an evaporation source heating device, which includes: a base, a housing coupled to the base, a heating element arranged inside the housing, a plurality of metal barrels arranged inside the heating element and mounted to the base, and a crucible arranged inside the metal barrels. The evaporation source heating device according to the present invention is structured to set the plurality of metal barrels between the heating element and the crucible and the plurality of metal barrels is mounted to the base, whereby during heating, through a process of transmitting the heat from the heating element through the plurality of metal barrels in a step by step manner, the heat is transmitted to the crucible. Since the metal barrels have excellent properties of heat conduction, distribution of heat thereon is generally uniform, allowing the crucible to be uniformly heated and ensuring the result of evaporation deposition.

Abstract: Methods of producing a uniformly or substantially uniformly doped relatively large area multi-layered graphene element are described comprising the steps of placing the graphene element and a dopant under low pressure conditions, and holding the graphene element and dopant at an elevated temperature for a period of time whilst under the low pressure conditions. In one arrangement, openings are formed in a multi-layered graphene element of relatively large area prior to doping. In another arrangement, a relatively large area multi-layered graphene element formed by an epitaxial growth technique is used. The invention also relates to an element produced using the aforementioned techniques.

Abstract: A multilayer coating for a metallic surface of a component is provided. The multilayer coating includes a first coating having a metal nitride. The first coating at least partially overlaps the metallic surface. The multilayer coating also includes a second coating having a metal. The second coating at least partially overlaps the first coating. The multilayer coating further includes a third coating having a Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) material. The third coating at least partially overlaps the second coating. The first coating, the second coating, and the third coating differ from one another with respect to at least one of hardness, elasticity, corrosion resistance, and lubricity. The multilayer coating includes at least ten overlapping layers having successive layers of the first coating, the second coating, and the third coating in repeating sequence.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor structure and a solid precursor delivery system for a semiconductor fabrication is provided, the method including: providing a solid precursor having a first average particle size; solving the solid precursor in an organic solvent into an intermediate; recrystallizing the intermediate to form solid granules, wherein the solid granules has a second average particle size larger than the first average particle size; vaporizing the solid granules to form a film-forming gas; and depositing the film-forming gas on a substrate to form a resistance film.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to a base ring assembly for use in a substrate processing chamber. In one embodiment, the base ring assembly comprises a ring body sized to be received within an inner circumference of the substrate processing chamber, the ring body comprising a loading port for passage of the substrate, a gas inlet, and a gas outlet, wherein the gas inlet and the gas outlet are disposed at opposing ends of the ring body, and an upper ring configured to dispose on a top surface of the ring body, and a lower ring configured to dispose on a bottom surface of the ring body, wherein the upper ring, the lower ring, and the ring body, once assembled, are generally concentric or coaxial.

Abstract: Atomic layer deposition (ALD) type processes for producing metal containing thin films comprise feeding into a reaction space vapor phase pulses of metal containing cyclopentadienyl precursors as a metal source material. In preferred embodiments the metal containing cyclopentadienyl reactant comprises a metal atom that is not directly bonded to an oxygen or halide atom. In other embodiments the metal atom is bonded to a cyclopentadienyl compound and separately bonded to at least one ligand via a nitrogen atom. In still other embodiments the metal containing cyclopentadienyl compound comprises a nitrogen-bridged ligand.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing wafer-shaped articles comprises a spin chuck for holding a wafer-shaped article in a predetermined orientation, and a rotating shower head for supplying process gas to a surface of a wafer-shaped article when held by the spin chuck. The rotating shower head comprises an outlet plate having plural openings formed in each of a central and a peripheral region thereof. A process gas feed is provided so as to supply process gas to a gas distribution chamber. The gas distribution chamber is in fluid communication with a plurality of openings formed in the shower head.

Abstract: A chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor includes a double wall vacuum processing chamber with an inner wall and an outer wall and fluid passages between the walls. A layer of thermal insulation covers the outer wall. A layer of high temperature thermal insulation covers the inner wall. Heating elements are positioned in the interior of the processing chamber to heat a substrate mounted in the chamber. A gas inlet structure is positioned through the inner and outer walls of the chamber and oriented to direct a flow of reactant gas against the substrate to form a CVD coating on the substrate. A gas outlet structure connected to a vacuum and effluent management system is positioned through the inner and outer walls of the chamber.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes: a process chamber configured to process a substrate; a substrate mounting stand installed in the process chamber and configured to hold the substrate; a heating part configured to heat the substrate; a gas rectifying part configured to supply a process gas to the substrate; a sealing part installed in the gas rectifying part; a heat insulating part installed between the sealing part and an upstream side surface of the gas rectifying part; and a first pressure adjusting part connected to the heat insulating part.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a pedestal is provided. In one embodiment, the pedestal includes a body comprising a ceramic material having a flange, one or more heating elements embedded in the body, a first shaft coupled to the flange, and a second shaft coupled to the first shaft; wherein the second shaft includes a plurality of fluid channels formed therein that terminate in the second shaft.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substrate processing apparatus. The substrate processing apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a processing chamber; substrate susceptor, installed in the processing chamber, which rotates in connection with a rotary shaft, a plurality of substrates being disposed on the same plane thereof; a heater member located on the lower surface of the substrate susceptor; and a spraying member for spraying a gas onto the entire processing surface of the substrate at a position corresponding to each of the plurality of substrates disposed on the substrate susceptor, wherein the heater member has an inner space in which heating wires for heating the substrate susceptor are arranged in a plurality rows of verticality and horizontality in a concentric circle based on the rotary shaft of the substrate susceptor.

Abstract: A fused material deposition microwave system and method include at least one high power microwave source, at least one deposition nozzle having adjustable outlet diameter for depositing one or more materials, a waveguide for guiding microwave energy to the deposition nozzle to melt the materials, and a material source to supply one or more materials to the deposition nozzle. The system and method further include a controller for controlling the deposition nozzle, microwave energy, and material source according to a computer-aided manufacturing set of instructions to deposit and fuse molten material on a workpiece. The system and method provide improvements in additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects that are particularly beneficial for manufacturing objects made of metals and ceramics.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods that employ slurries to form layers adjacent to substrates. Such layers can include, for example, one or more of iron, chromium, nickel, silicon, vanadium, titanium, boron, tungsten, aluminum, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese, zirconium, and niobium, oxides thereof, nitrides thereof, sulfides thereof, or combinations thereof. In some examples, such layers are stainless steel layers.

Abstract: A plating apparatus (1) includes: a holding member (2) that holds a plated object (W); a spacer (4) that is stacked on the holding member (2) via a first seal member (3) in an annular shape surrounding the plated object (W), and has a through portion (45) from which the plated object (W) is exposed and which stores a plating solution; and an anode member (6) that is stacked on the spacer (4) via a second seal member (3) in an annular shape surrounding the through portion (45), and has an anode layer (62) arranged to face the plated object (W) which is exposed from the through portion (45).

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a package substrate is provided. A first base is formed. Metal bumps are formed on the first base by plating. A second base having an upper and a lower surfaces, a core dielectric layer, a first and a second copper foil layers and containing cavities is provided. An adhesive layer is formed on inner walls of the containing cavities. The first and the second bases are laminated so that the metal bumps are disposed inside the containing cavities. A first base is removed. Blind via holes extending from the upper surface to the metal bumps are formed. A conductive material layer is formed on the first and the second copper foil layers, wherein the conductive material layer fills the blind via holes so as to define conductive through via holes. The conductive material layer is patterned to form a first and a second patterned metal layers.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide an electroless gold plating solution capable of suppressing the corrosion of a substrate metal and realizing excellent wire bondability, and containing no hazardous substance. In order to achieve the object, as a reductive electroless gold plating solution used for formation of an electroless plated gold film on a surface of a plating target by electroless plating, an electroless plating solution containing a water-soluble gold compound, citric acid or a citrate salt, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or an ethylenediaminetetraacetate salt, hexamethylenetetramine, and a chain polyamine having an alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms and 3 or more amino groups is adopted.

Abstract: A process of forming a MAXMET composite coating or component on an article, that in the case of components can be removed, comprising providing an article having a substrate. The process includes providing at least one powder containing the MAXMET composite, wherein the MAXMET composite comprises a mixture of MAX phase particles and metal. Cold spraying the at least one powder on the substrate at a critical velocity. Forming a layer of the MAXMET composite on the substrate.

Abstract: A cleaning composition includes about 0.01 to about 5 wt % of a chelating agent; about 0.01 to about 0.5 wt % of an organic acid; about 0.01 to about 1.0 wt % of an inorganic acid; about 0.01 to about 5 wt % of an alkali compound; and deionized water.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for treating the surface of an aluminum can, in which an acidic treatment solution that is easy to handle can be used and the energy cost is sufficiently reduced. A method for treating the surface of an aluminum can, which comprises an alkali treatment step of treating the aluminum can with an alkaline treatment solution and an acid treatment step of treating the aluminum can that has been subjected to the alkali treatment step with an acidic treatment solution, wherein the etching amount to be employed in the alkali treatment step is less than 50 mg/m2. It is preferred that the alkaline treatment solution contains at least one ion selected from the group consisting of a sodium ion, a potassium ion and an ammonium ion.

Abstract: There are provided methods and systems for an electrochemical cell including an anode and a cathode where the anode is contacted with a metal ion that converts the metal ion from a lower oxidation state to a higher oxidation state. The metal ion in the higher oxidation state is reacted with hydrogen gas, an unsaturated hydrocarbon, and/or a saturated hydrocarbon to form products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for dissociating an aqueous solution which includes electrochemical oxidation of the aqueous solution in the presence of pulsed light, said pulsed light being generated from a first source of light energy with a predetermined pulse frequency value, using an enzyme composition based on a first enzyme complex PSII, isolated from a second enzyme complex PSI, with production of oxygen, free electrons and free protons in the aqueous solution, characterised in that said light energy has a variable energy value over time, said method also including a step of modulating said predetermined pulse frequency value of said pulsed light.

Abstract: A bypass electrolyzer system provides a system for separating oxygen and hydrogen from water, whereby electrodes are respectively disposed in first and second housings spaced apart by at least one membrane supported by at least one membrane holder. At least one bypass line connects the first and second housings so that during operation, hydrogen can pass to through the bypass line to the oxygen side and then back through the membrane to assist in equalizing pressure across the membrane during operation.