Abstract: A semiconductor chip includes an OCC that receives an ATPG test pattern and generates clock pulses in response. An OCC test circuit detects clock pulses of the OCC circuit and provides debug data to test output configurable logic that also receives results from other circuits testing different DUT flip-flops. A clipping test circuit detects ATPG failures due to clipped clock pulses from the OCC by providing pulse-width sensitive flip-flop outputs to DUT I/Os. An IR drop test circuit detects if ATPG failures are due to IR-drop problems in certain flip-flops. A pulse bit manipulating circuit varies the test pattern provided to the OCC and OCC-generated clock pulses. A debug controller connected to test output configurable logic selects between results of the different tests for supply as an output test signal to be compared on-the-fly with expected pattern data on ATE and used to isolate errors on the chip.

Abstract: A design for test (DfT) architecture is provided that enables pre-bond parametric testing of through-silicon vias (TSVs). A grouping of N number of input/output (I/O) segments are configured to receive a test signal in a feedback loop, where each I/O segment includes one or more buffers (or inverters) and a TSV connected at one end to the one or more buffers. The TSV acts as a shunt-connected capacitor—when defect free—and includes a load resistance when the TSV contains a defect. Each I/O segment can also include one or two multiplexers to control whether the I/O segment receives a test or functional signal and, optionally, whether the I/O segment is bypassed or included in the ring oscillator. The varying loads caused by the defects cause variations in the delay across the buffers (or inverters) of an I/O segment that can be detected in the output signal.

Abstract: A control unit for a rotary electric machine includes a first current command module, a second current command module, a change module, and a return module. The first module performs a first current command on a maximum efficiency characteristic line on a d-q plane thereby to drive the machine at a maximum efficiency. The second module performs a second current command on a switching line set at a retard angle side relative to the maximum efficiency characteristic line. The change module changes a control mode from a rectangular wave voltage phase control mode to an overmodulation current control mode when an operation point of the machine reaches the switching line. The return module returns the current command from the second command to the first command after performance of the second command for a predetermined period.

Abstract: A state of charge estimation device for estimating a state of charge of an electric storage device includes a voltage measurement component, a current measurement component, and a controller component. The controller component is configured to, when estimation of state of charge of the electric storage device based on an accumulated amount of currents measured by the current measurement component is defined as a current accumulation method and the estimation based on an open circuit voltage (OCV) of the electric storage device measured by the voltage measurement component is defined as an OCV method, permit estimation of state of charge by the OCV method when a condition that an error in estimation of state of charge of the electric storage device by the current accumulation method exceeds an error in estimation of state of charge of the electric storage device by the OCV method is satisfied.

Abstract: A wireless power supply system includes a power transmission device capable of transmitting power to a plurality of power receiving devices by a magnetic field resonance method. The power transmission device includes a detection unit configured to detect an amount of charge of each of the plurality of power receiving devices, a determination unit configured to determine, if the amount of charge of a certain power receiving device is not increased even when a predetermined time has elapsed since start of power transmission to the certain power receiving device, whether a cause of failure to increase the amount of charge is the power transmission device or the certain power receiving device, based on the amount of charge of any other power receiving device detected by the detection unit, and a notification unit configured to transmit a notification about the determination result by the determination unit.

Abstract: A load detecting method relates to detecting connection or detachment between a power supply device and a load, and the load detecting method includes steps of determining whether a load detection operation is necessary or not, based on a detection voltage corresponding to an output voltage from the power supply device, when determining the load detection operation to be necessary, estimating a specific time point in a first period during which the output voltage of the power supply device decreases from a first level to a second level, and applying a test signal to the output voltage for a predetermined detection period with reference to the specific time point. The switching operation of a power switch of the power supply device does not occur in the first period.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring magnetic properties of the surroundings of the device includes at least one magnetoresistive element extending in a line direction, and a support field device generating a magnetic support field in an area over the line direction. A pre-magnetization device of one or more magnets are arranged at a distance from the sensor line in a direction vertical to the line direction and extending parallel to the line direction. The pre-magnetization device is arranged relative to the sensor line such that the fields of the pre-magnetization device and the support magnetic field overlap to provide an overlapping magnetic field with a field strength component pointing in the line direction that is greater at one location on the sensor line than the strength of a field component pointing vertically toward the line direction not in the direction of the height of the magnetoresistive element.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating a magnetic axis-controlled structure. The method of fabricating a magnetic axis-controlled structure includes providing a composition including magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in a liquid medium, applying a magnetic field to the composition to align the magnetic nanoparticles along the magnetic field and form a magnetic axis, and solidifying the liquid medium to fix the magnetic axis.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method and apparatus in which conductors are installed in the space between a static coil unit and a gradient coil unit to eliminate asymmetry of eddy current induced in the static coil unit. The structure permits a symmetrical distribution of eddy current when the concentric arrangement of the static coil unit and gradient coil unit has deviated. The MRI apparatus includes: a static coil unit configured to form a static field in a subject; a gradient coil unit configured to form a gradient field in the static field; and one or more conductors installed in the space between the static coil unit and the gradient coil unit, and configured to symmetrically distribute eddy current induced in the static coil unit.

Abstract: Featured are a device with localized sensitivity to magnetic resonance signals, an imaging system using such a device and MRI methods for performing internal MRI or MRI Endoscopy. Such an MRI method includes introducing an MRI antenna or probe into the specimen to be imaged, the antenna being configured in accordance with the devices described herein, so that the spatial coordinate frame of imaging is inherently locked or defined with respect to the introduced antenna thereby providing imaging of the specimen from the point of view of the antenna. Further such imaging is conducted so that the MRI signal is confined substantially to a volume with respect to a particular region of the antenna or probe.

Abstract: An NMR measuring configuration has a temperature control device for a sample vial (1). The temperature control device has a temperature sensor with supply wires which are both surrounded by a sensor tube (15). The sensor tube (15) is connected to a measurement space via a sensor flow inlet (26) in such a way that a partial flow of a temperature-control fluid flows as a temperature-control flow (16) into a free space (17) between the temperature sensor and the inner wall of the sensor tube along the supply wires and flows out of the sensor tube via a sensor flow outlet (18) at the opposite end of the sensor tube. This minimizes both the temperature penetration factor and the difference between the sensor and sample temperatures (?Tp).

Abstract: A magnetic resonance apparatus is proposed. The magnetic resonance apparatus has a magnet unit and a housing unit. The housing unit has a housing shell unit. The housing shell unit surrounds the magnet unit. The housing shell unit at least partly has a flexible material. Effective noise protection for operation of the magnetic resonance apparatus is provided.

Abstract: In a method for image data acquisition using a magnetic resonance system, in order to excite nuclear spin signals, a sequence of high-frequency pulses is irradiated into an examination subject while gradients are simultaneously switched for position encoding of the excited nuclear spin signals. The rise times of the gradients used during the sequence are adjusted dynamically with each high-frequency pulse irradiation.

Abstract: A method of image reconstruction for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system includes obtaining k-space scan data captured by the MRI system, the k-space scan data being representative of an undersampled region over time, iteratively reconstructing preliminary dynamic images for the undersampled region from the k-space scan data via optimization of a first instance of a minimization problem, the minimization problem including a regularization term weighted by a weighting parameter array, generating a motion determination indicative of an extent to which each location of the undersampled region exhibits motion over time based on the preliminary dynamic images, and iteratively reconstructing motion-compensated dynamic images for the region from the k-space scan data via optimization of a second instance of the minimization problem, the second instance having the weighting parameter array altered as a function of the motion determination.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance elastography method includes application of mechanical oscillations with an oscillation period (T) to an object to be examined to generate mechanical waves in the object. A motion sensitive magnetic resonance acquisition sequence with repetition time TR issued to acquire magnetic resonance signals from the object. This acquisition sequence including application of one or more phase encoding steps within an individual repetition time. The repetition time times the number of phase encodings within one repetition time is not equal to an integer multiple of the oscillation period. Thus a magnetic resonance image of the wave pattern is reconstructed from the magnetic resonance signals assembled in a sample space spanned by the phase of the mechanical oscillation and the phase encoding.

Abstract: One or more bits are used in peer discovery signals to signal a device's ability and/or willingness to participate in a cooperative manner with regard to one or more mobile device location determination related operations. In some embodiments, the one or more bits are located at predetermined locations within a header portion of a peer discovery signal. Different bits, in some embodiments, are associated with different specific cooperative location determination related operations. The peer discovery signal is transmitted, e.g., broadcast, periodically or on some predetermined basis by a mobile wireless communications device. In this manner, a device listening to the peer discovery signals can determine other devices' willingness to perform particular location discovery related operations with very little signaling overhead.

Abstract: The microwave radio direction finding system includes two six-port (SP) circuits and 2×2 printed patch antennas, each of the SP circuits having a pair of the patch antennas connected to their inputs, one pair being separated horizontally in a Cartesian plane, the other pair being separated vertically. The output ports are connected to differential amplifiers that produce in-phase and quadrature signals, which are digitized and input to a digital signal processor, which computes the difference in phase for the signals received at each pair of antennas. The processor uses the differences in phase angles to compute both the azimuth and elevation of the received signals, and may do so simultaneously for signals in multiple bands in the microwave region.

Abstract: A system and device phase-aligns and sums signals from a very large array of sensors, such as microphones or ultrasonic transducers, without prior knowledge of time delays of signals reaching each sensor, so as to accommodate effects of reverberant fields or acoustic or ultrasonic media containing multiple reflectors or scatterers and/or having heterogeneous, unknown acoustic properties.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described relating to detecting an indication of a person within a specified proximity to at least one mobile device; and presenting an indication of location of the at least one mobile device at least partially based on the indication of the person within the specified proximity. Additionally, systems and methods are described relating to means for detecting an indication of a person within a specified proximity to at least one mobile device; and means for presenting an indication of location of the at least one mobile device at least partially based on the indication of the person within the specified proximity.

Abstract: A method for determining a topology of a wireless communication network (14), the method comprising: receiving a plurality of signal strength data respectively measured at a plurality of fixed stations (12) in the network each with respect to its neighbouring fixed stations; receiving a sensor data measured at a mobile station 16 operable to communicate with the network; and determining positions of the plurality of fixed stations based on the signal strength data measured at the plurality of fixed stations and the sensor data measured at the mobile station.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for indoor/outdoor transition detection of devices to improve selection of the navigation algorithms. To determine whether an outdoor-to-indoor transition has occurred, a mobile device can determine whether a difference between an indoor position determined using indoor position information and outdoor position determined using outdoor position information is less than a threshold and can conclude that the mobile device transitioned from outdoor to indoor of the structure, if the difference is less than the threshold. Also, to determine whether an indoor-to-outdoor transition has occurred, the mobile device can determine whether an indoor position survey area exists, determine whether an outdoor position determined based on outdoor position information is outside of the survey area, and determine whether a signal strength associated with the outdoor position location information is greater than a threshold.

Abstract: A data processor estimates the location of the receiver or estimated range from multicarrier signal. The data processor determines phase compensation data for each ranging subcarrier in the multipath signal. The phase compensation data comprises an adjustment to the estimated range based on a difference between an observed phase of the observed signal vector and a direct path phase of a direct path vector, where the direct path phase is estimated based on one or more prior measurements of a certain observed signal vector when an average amplitude of all (or a majority of) ranging subcarriers converge to substantially the same value.

Abstract: Position tracking systems and methods for tracking a physical location of a radio frequency (RF) transmitter include an RF transmitter transmitting an RF signal from a plurality of known locations. At least four RF receiver antennae are disposed at unknown locations within range of the RF transmitter to receive the RF signals transmitted from the plurality of known locations. A receiver station in communication with the at least four RF receiver antennae initially calibrates a relative position of each RF receiver antenna with respect to the other RF receiver antennae based on the plurality of known locations and on information acquired in response to the RF signals received at the at least four RF receiver antennae.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments pertain to a method of generating a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) sequence for a system comprising a plurality of physical transmitting antenna elements serving a single cell. In some embodiments, the method may comprise: assigning a distinct Physical Antenna Port (PAP) identifier (ID) to a subset of the plurality of physical transmitting antenna elements; and generating PRS sequences for the subset of the plurality of physical transmitting antenna elements, wherein each PRS sequence corresponds to a physical transmitting antenna element in the subset of the plurality of physical transmitting antenna elements, and each PRS sequence has a corresponding frequency shift based, at least in part, on the PAP ID (h) of the corresponding physical transmitting antenna element.

Abstract: A system may be configured to compute an estimated location of a user device based on an estimation coefficient and a measured distance between the user device and a base station. The estimation coefficient may be based on: an actual distance between a reference device and the base station, and a measured distance between the reference device and the base station. The system may store or output the information regarding the estimated location of the device.

Abstract: A method of operating a pulse-Doppler radar system includes the steps of generating a plurality waveforms, with each waveform comprising a plurality of pulses generated with a staggered pulse repetition frequency (PRF) from pulse to pulse. Received reflected return signals from the generated plurality of waveforms are filtered by a plurality of Doppler filters that span an entire required Doppler visibility range.

Abstract: The invention relates to a driver assistance device (2) for a vehicle (1), which driver assistance device has a radar appliance (3, 4) for determining measured variable (?1, ?2, R1, R2) referenced to an object (10) that is external to the vehicle, wherein the radar appliance (3, 4) comprises: at least a first and a second reception antenna (14, 15), each for receiving signals (SE1, SE2); a first down-converter (17), which is coupled to the first reception antenna (14) via a first reception path (16), and a second down-converter (23), which is coupled to the second reception antenna (15) via a second reception path (21), for down-converting the received signals (SE1, SE2) into respective baseband signals (SB1, SB2); a control device (5) for determining the measured variable (?1, ?2, R1, R2) using the baseband signals (SB1, SB2); and test means (32) for producing a local check signal (SP) and for coupling the check signal (SP) into the first reception path (16) and into the second reception path (21), as a resu

Abstract: A method of measuring with a coordinate measurement device and a target sensor a sense characteristic and a surface set associated with the sense characteristic, the method including the steps of: providing the target sensor having a body, a first retroreflector, a sensor, and a sensor processor, providing the coordinate measurement device, sending the first beam of light from the coordinate measurement device to the first retroreflector; receiving the second beam of light from the first retroreflector; measuring the orientational set and the translational set, the translational set based at least in part on the second beam of light; determining the surface set; sensing the sense characteristic; and saving the surface set and the sense characteristic.

Abstract: A mobile ultrasonic diagnostic device comprising: a battery; an adapter connection detection unit that detects the connection status of an AC adapter that supplies power to each constituent element of the device; and a processing determination unit (determination unit) that determines the processing for each constituent element on the basis of the connection status of the AC adapter. Each constituent element (a processing unit and constituent elements other than the processing unit) are processed on the basis of the processing determined by the processing determination unit (determination unit), and, as a result, the device can be safely used even if there is a possibility that power cannot be supplied from the battery.

Abstract: The ultrasound imaging system comprises an ultrasound probe (3) and computer (20) for controlling the ultrasound probe and for visualizing an image. The system comprises a processing device located between the probe and the computer that comprises a processing unit (15) to operate an imaging method and switch unit (13) for routing the input and output data.

Abstract: A method and system is disclosed for tracking object clusters that reduces the complexity of isotropic scaling and conformal transformations that are used with current methods of tracking clusters. The method and system comprise obtaining a first sensor image and a second sensor image. Then, angular measurements between objects of the first sensor image are determined. Next, the second sensor image is rotated to align it with the first sensor image, and then angular measurements between objects of the second sensor image are determined. Then angular measurements from the first sensor image are compared to angular measurements of the second image, and correlated object clusters are identified.

Abstract: A method for avoiding collisions with an aircraft ground-services vehicle includes using a proximity sensor attached to the ground-services vehicle to generate a proximity signal, and using a processor that stores a three-dimensional map of the ground-services vehicle's outer geometry. The three-dimensional map is modifiable upon in-use changes to the 3-D geometry of the ground-services vehicle. The processor uses the three-dimensional map and the proximity signal to determine whether a predetermined 3-D envelope around the vehicle has been breached, and notifies the vehicle of a breach.

Abstract: A system for detecting driver vehicle travelling in an unsafe manner comprising a radar system configured to generate a sequence of frames of radar data. A target trajectory system configured to receive the sequence of frames of radar data and to generate target trajectory data for a vehicle. An alarm system configured to receive the target trajectory data and to generate an alarm as a function of the target trajectory data, a probability of collision, a degree of erratic driving or other suitable data.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the pre and post processing of radar signals to allow for improved measuring of circular depolarization ratio data in a weather radar. The system uses a phase shifter, which is periodically calibrated to ensure proper polarity, to alter the transmission phase of one channel of a radar transmission output. Reflectivity signals are then processed in accordance with rules dependent upon the transmission phase shift to reliably extract circular depolarization ratio (“CDR”) data from the reflectivity signals. CDR data is used to enhance hydrometer recognition in a weather radar system.

Abstract: The invention discloses a split row-column addressing method for three-dimensional ultrasound imaging, and the method comprises: for an N×N planar array, obtain the pulse-echo response distribution from fully connected two-dimensional planar array, parameters thereof comprising beam widths A? and B? at ?6 dB and ?20 dB respectively, average side lobe C?, highest side lobe D? and main side-lobe energy ratio E?; set counter K=2, split two-dimensional planar array into K regions in channel direction, determine array elements amount and connect array elements in each region; calculate the time delay according to distance between the coordinates of each region and the focus point within a scanning range of the two-dimensional planar array, and analyze the two-dimensional planar array by ultrasonic sound field simulation algorithm according to the time delay of each region. The invention can solve the prior art of low resolution, and the problem that transmitted and received beam cannot be deflected.

Abstract: A detection unit comprising a manipulator, a imaging unit, a light beam irradiation unit and a computing unit, the imaging unit and the light beam irradiation unit are provided on a manipulator. The detection apparatus includes a horizontal imaging plane, which includes an optical axis of the imaging unit, and a vertical imaging plane, which includes the optical axis of the imaging unit and 1) a projection of a light beam from the light beam irradiation unit on the horizontal imaging plane and 2) a projection of a light beam from the light beam irradiation unit on the vertical imaging plane respectively form an intersecting angle with the optical axis of the imaging unit.

Abstract: A target is provided having a retroreflector. A body is provided having a spherical exterior portion, the body containing a cavity. The cavity is sized to hold the retroreflector, the cavity open to the exterior of the body and having at least one surface opposite the opening, the retroreflector at least partially disposed in the cavity, wherein the retroreflector and at least one surface define a space therebetween. A transmitter is configured to emit an electromagnetic signal. A first actuator is configured to initiate emission of the electromagnetic signal, wherein the transmitter and the first actuator are affixed to the body.

Abstract: A tracker unit for a measuring instrument such as a total station is disclosed. The tracker unit comprises a first and at least a second optical radiation source arranged at different positions and each of which is noncoaxially arranged with respect to a tracker pointing axis and adapted to emit optical radiation towards the reflective target when activated. The first and the at least a second optical radiation source are arranged at such positions so that the tracker pointing axis and the position of the first optical radiation source define a first plane and the tracker pointing axis and the position of the at least a second optical radiation source define a second plane, such that the first optical radiation source is coaxial with respect to the tracker pointing axis in a plane perpendicular to the first plane and the at least a second optical radiation source is coaxial with respect to the tracker pointing axis in a plane perpendicular to the second plane.

Abstract: A geographic tracking system with minimal power and size required at the mobile terminal collects observation data at the mobile terminal and forwards the data to a processor, which calculates the position. The mobile terminal is configured to measure both code phase and data phase of a GPS satellite signal. The code phase and data phase information enables the processor to reduce the number of candidate points to be considered.

Abstract: A receiver receiving global positioning data from one or more satellites above the Earth's surface detects a change in at least one parameter associated with the receiver and determines if the change is to be treated as erroneous. As a result of determining if the change in the at least one parameter is to be treated as erroneous, a further action may be performed. Determining if the change is to be treated as erroneous may include, for example, detecting changes in more than one parameter and determining if the changes are coincident. Detecting the change may also enable the receiver to predict the presence and magnitude of multipath components of signals, predict changes in an environment local to the receiver, predict large errors in position estimates determined by the receiver and modify an acquisition and tracking strategy used by the receiver.

Abstract: A method, receiver, and mobile terminal for simultaneously receiving and processing signals of multiple satellites from a plurality of navigational satellite system constellations are described. In the method, satellite signals from a plurality of navigational satellite systems are translated into an intermediate frequency and converted from analog to digital together, but then are separated out according to each navigational satellite system in the digital domain.

Abstract: A GPS gate system is described for triggering transmission of a message. The system may include a GPS receiver determining a location of the GPS receiver based upon signals received from a GPS satellite system. The GPS receiver determines if the GPS receiver has passed through a GPS gate based upon the received signals. The GPS system may further include a communications system to connect the GPS receiver with a GPS gate communications system to receiver a message generated by the GPS receiver based upon the crossed GPS gate.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a gamma ray detector is provided. The gamma ray detector may include a converter element, configured to release an electron when a gamma ray moves at least partially through the converter element. The gamma ray detector may further include a semiconductor detector, arranged to receive the electron and configured to produce a signal when the electron moves at least partially through the semiconductor detector; and an amplifier circuit, coupled to the semiconductor detector and configured to amplify the signal produced by the semiconductor detector. In the gamma ray detector, the converter element may be arranged to at least partially shield the amplifier circuit from electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: One general embodiment according to the present disclosure may be formation evaluation tool for detecting radiation in a borehole in a volume of an earth formation. The tool may include a detector including a monolithic scintillation element comprising a coherent assemblage of joined fibers, wherein the fibers are made of an optically transparent scintillation media. The fibers may be at least one of i) gamma ray responsive; and ii) neutron responsive. The coherent assemblage of fibers may be a continuous mass, may be heat-joined. The fibers may be solid. The scintillation media may comprise at least one of i) organic crystalline scintillation materials, ii) amorphous glass, and iii) nanostructured glass ceramics. The coherent assemblage of fibers may be asymmetric. The coherent assemblage of fibers may surround a further scintillation media having different scintillation characteristics than the scintillation media. The scintillation element may be azimuthally sensitive.

Abstract: A radiation detector system is provided including a semiconductor detector, plural pixelated anodes, and at least one processor. At least one of the pixelated anodes is configured to generate a collected charge signal corresponding to charge collected by the pixelated anode and to generate a non-collected charge signal corresponding to charge collected by an adjacent anode. The at least one processor includes a tangible and non-transitory memory having stored thereon instructions configured to direct the at least one processor to determine a collected value for the collected charge signal, to determine a non-collected value for the non-collected charge signal, determine a calibrated value for the non-collected charge signal, determine a total charge produced by a charge sharing event using the collected value and the calibrated value, and count the charge sharing event as a single event if the total charge exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: Method and controller for finding a best distribution of source elements that form a vibratory source array. The method includes inputting plural constraints for the source elements; generating plural distributions of the source elements that fulfill the plural constraints; calculating for each distribution a first attribute characterizing the source array; and selecting the best distribution from the plural distributions based on a value of the first attribute.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed relating to testing of seismic air guns, for example via bubble tests. According to some embodiments of these techniques, a firing sequence for testing the air guns may be determined that reduces the amount of interaction between firings. Further, firing time delays may also be determined in order to further reduce the interactions. Accordingly, a test of an array of air guns may be completed relatively quickly.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for cable termination and sensor integration at a sensor station within an ocean bottom seismic (OBS) cable array are disclosed. The sensor stations include a housing for various sensor components. Additionally, the sensor stations can accommodate an excess length of any data transmission members which may not be cut at the sensor station while enabling connection of one or more cut data transmission members with the sensor components. The sensor stations further manage any strength elements of the cable array.

Abstract: A streamer usable underwater for a marine seismic survey has a portion adjacent to a protuberance covered by an adhesive antifouling tape or substrate. The tape, which may be made of copper or copper alloy is configured to be fast fastened, may be applied when the streamer is deployed and may be covered by a protective jacket during recovery.

Abstract: High performance computing (HPC) and grid computing processing for seismic and reservoir simulation are performed without impacting or losing processing time in case of failures. A Data Distribution Service (DDS) standard is implemented in High Performance Computing (HPC) and grid computing platforms, to avoid the shortcomings of current Message Passing Interface (MPI) communication between computing modules, and provide quality of service (QoS) for such applications. QoS properties of the processing can be controlled. A “partitioning” quality of service is provided and the computer can be logically segregated into several “logical partitions” so that a computer can have several publisher nodes, serving several groups of compute nodes, and running different applications independently.