Abstract: A controller for controlling a brushless DC (BLDC) electric motor is described. The controller may include a hall control module and a timing module. The hall control module may be configured to receive inputs from three hall sensors, detect one of the three hall sensors has failed based on the received inputs, responsive to detecting that the one of the three hall sensors has failed, switch from a three hall sensors mode to a two hall sensors mode, and generate an output to control a plurality of switches to energize appropriate motor phase windings in the BLDC motor based at least in part on the two hall sensors mode. The timing module may be configured to detect a commutation time from the received inputs.

Abstract: A motor control apparatus includes a high-resolution encoder for position control and a low-resolution encoder for velocity control, position control means for generating a velocity command in accordance with a difference between a given position command and the output of the high-resolution encoder, and velocity control means for generating a current command in accordance with a difference between the velocity command and a detected velocity that is based upon the output of the low-resolution encoder. A velocity control cycle based upon the velocity control means is made faster than a position control cycle based upon the position control means.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a control device of a secondary excitation device which supplies a rotary machine with a voltage or current of a variable frequency. The control device includes a harmonic frequency calculation unit which calculates a frequency of a specific harmonic generated on a primary side of the rotary machine by using a slip frequency or rotation speed of the rotary machine and a carrier frequency of the secondary excitation device, and a carrier frequency correction unit which corrects the carrier frequency of the secondary excitation device such that the frequency of the specific harmonic calculated by the harmonic frequency calculation unit falls within a given band.

Abstract: Systems for controlled resonance in electrical power devices are described. A programmed signal processor generates output control signals from input electrical signals based on resonant control parameters for a target power device. Analog electrical control systems for controlled resonance, power devices incorporating controlled resonance, and opto-programmed controllers for use in controlled resonance applications are described, with example embodiments for electro-mechanical systems with resonant constructive power drive action for electric motors.

Abstract: In various implementations, a condition of a motor may be monitored based at least partially on time required to achieve a change in speed. A notification may be transmitted based on the condition of the motor.

Abstract: A frequency converter is used for generating at least one frequency converter output voltage for an electric motor, wherein the at least one frequency converter output voltage has a prescribable frequency converter output voltage amplitude and a prescribable frequency converter output voltage frequency.

Abstract: A motor control system include an inverter configured to convert boosted direct-current electric power output from a boost converter to alternating-current electric power and supply the alternating-current electric power to an alternating current motor, and a control unit configured to adjust boosted voltage of the boost converter. The control unit includes an optimal boosted voltage map which defines optimal boosted voltage for operating the alternating current motor with a required number of revolutions and required torque, and a boosted voltage changing program that sets boosted voltage of the boost converter to a voltage which is higher than an optimal boosted voltage when the carrier frequency is a predetermined threshold value or lower.

Abstract: A drive apparatus includes: an electric motor; a drive target; a transmission mechanism through which the electric motor and the drive target are connected to each other; a rotation sensor that detects the rotational position of the electric motor; a starting position setting unit that sets the rotational position which is detected in a motor lock state in which the rotation of the electric motor is limited, as a starting position corresponding to a mechanical lock state of the drive target; a voltage sensor that detects the voltage of an electric power source which supplies electric power to the electric motor; and a starting position correcting unit that corrects the set starting position by the amount of correction which increases by the extent of an increase in the detected voltage.

Abstract: A motor control device according to this invention includes a correction unit which calculates a correction coefficient for correcting the temperature of windings, based on the result of a comparison between a winding estimated temperature rise profile representing the temperature of the windings estimated by a winding temperature estimation unit and a winding actual temperature rise profile representing the temperature of the windings measured by a temperature sensor, when a motor as attached to a machine is rotated at a predetermined rotational speed, to match the winding estimated temperature rise profile with the winding actual temperature rise profile, and corrects a temperature rise estimation arithmetic expression using the correction coefficient.

Abstract: A motor control device includes a detecting unit configured to detect rotation of a motor to be controlled and output a rotation detection value related to the rotation; a drive control unit configured to perform drive control to rotate the motor at a control target value increasing with time based on the rotation detection value; and an abnormality detection unit configured to perform an abnormality detection process for detecting an abnormality in the drive control based on the rotation detection value and a predetermined threshold. The drive control unit performs control to stop rotation of the motor when the abnormality is detected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to drive controller and control method for an electric motor equipped with coil sets corresponding to plural phases. The drive controller and control method for an electric motor of the present invention control, in case of abnormal energization that a potential of the coil reaches a power supply potential or a ground potential, at least one of a high-potential side switching element and a low-potential side switching element in a failed energization system involving the abnormal energization into ON state so as to reduce a phase-to-phase impedance and also, detect a braking torque generated in the energization system involving the abnormal energization to control an output of a normal energization system not suffering from the abnormal energization based on the detected braking torque.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for the damped bearing of a rotor shaft (1) of an electric machine. The invention also relates to an electric machine comprising a rotor shaft (1) and at least one such arrangement. The invention further relates to a method for the damped bearing of a rotor shaft (1) of such an electric machine. In order to provide an alternative for the damped bearing of a rotor shaft (1), it is proposed that the arrangement has a bearing unit (2), which can be arranged between the rotor shaft (1) and a housing (3) of the electric machine, and a damping element (4), which can be arranged between the bearing unit (2) and the rotor shaft (1) or between the bearing unit (2) and the housing (3), wherein the damping element (4) comprises a mesh of metal wire (5).

Abstract: Briefly, the invention involves a system and method for generating electrical power. The system includes an electromagnet positioned with one pole directed toward a like pole of a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is preferably mounted for oscillating movement toward the pole of the electromagnet. A control system for the electromagnet is provided to supply direct current (DC) power in the form of square wave pulses which coincide with the position of the permanent magnet. Power is collected upon the collapse of the magnetic field within the electromagnetic magnet. In some embodiments the present device is supplied in the form of a reciprocating engine which provides rotary motion in addition to the electrical power generated.

Abstract: To provide a work tool capable of suppress temperature rise in a motor or a switching element. The work tool includes: a motor; a switching element switchable between an ON-state and an OFF-state, the switching element allowing a current to flow through the motor during the ON-state, the switching element prohibiting a current from flowing through the motor during the OFF-state; target rotation number setting means for setting a target rotation number of the motor; rotation number controlling means for controlling the motor such that the rotation number thereof is brought in coincidence with the target rotation number by changing an ON-duration, during which the switching element is in the ON-state, in one switching period of the switching element; and temperature detecting means for detecting at least one of a temperature of the motor and a temperature of the switching element.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module generates electrical power when installed on a roof. A photovoltaic module preferably has an upper transparent protective layer, and a photovoltaic layer positioned beneath the upper transparent protective layer, the photovoltaic layer comprising a plurality of electrically interconnected photovoltaic cells disposed in an array. A rigid substrate layer is preferably positioned beneath the photovoltaic layer. A plurality of inserts is configured to be fixedly attached to (i) a bottom surface of the rigid substrate and (ii) a surface of a roof. The plurality of inserts is preferably disposed in an array, each foam insert having a substantially triangular-shaped cross section when viewed from a side orthogonal to a line of a roof downward slope.

Abstract: A mounting unit for mounting a solar panel on a roof includes a base having a first flange and a second flange that extend laterally from the base and a mounting surface positioned above the base via walls that connect the mounting surface and the base. The mounting surface is couplable with the solar panel to elevate and orient the solar panel above a surface of the roof. The mounting unit also includes a flexible membrane material that is coupled with the first flange of the base and that extends laterally therefrom. The mounting unit further includes an adhesive or tape that is applied to an underside of the second flange so that the second flange is free of the flexible membrane material. The flexible membrane material is couplable with the roof and the adhesive or tape is adherable to the roof to secure the mounting unit to the roof.

Abstract: Fluid delivery systems and related structures and processes are provided, such as for use with water, treated water, and/or a cleaning solution, for any of cleaning, cooling or any combination thereof, for one or more solar panels in a power generation environment. Enhanced coatings are provided for the incident surface of solar panels, such as to avoid build up of dirt, scale, or other contaminants, and/or to improve cleaning performance. Reclamation, filtration, and reuse structures are preferably provided for the delivered fluid, and seal structures may preferably be implemented between adjoining panels, to minimize loss of the delivered water or cleaning solution.

Abstract: An interconnector includes a first electrode configured to be connected to a first photovoltaic battery cell, a second electrode configured to be connected to a second photovoltaic battery cell, and a connection body that connects the first electrode and the second electrode. The connection body includes a first detour portion, a second detour portion, and a first connection portion. The first detour is electrically connected to the first electrode and extended toward a first side in a second direction orthogonal to a first direction. The second detour is electrically connected to the second electrode and extended toward the first side in the second direction. The first connection portion extends toward the first detour portion and the second detour portion in the first direction and connects the first detour portion and the second detour portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solar module and a method for manufacturing a solar module, wherein the solar module comprises at least one solar cell; at least two connection elements (3) for establishing an electrical connection to the at least one solar cell; a bypass component (4) which is connected with the connection elements (3) and a connection box (2), in which the bypass component (4) is provided, wherein the connection box (2) comprises a potting material (6) which covers at least partially the bypass component (4). According to the invention the connection box (2) comprises at least one connection area (7, 7a, 7b) which is free of potting material (6), wherein a bypass component (40) and/or another electronic component is connectable with the connection elements (3) using the connection area (7, 7a, 7b). The invention also relates to a method for repairing and/or retrofitting a solar module.

Abstract: A solar panel and associated method of removing heat from a solar panel are disclosed. The solar panel includes a housing, a heat shield, and a plurality of solar cells. The housing includes a front surface, a back surface disposed opposite the front surface, an air inlet configured to allow air to enter the housing, an air outlet configured to allow the air to exit the housing, and a first air channel fluidly communicating with the air inlet and the air outlet. The first air channel is disposed within the housing between the heat shield and the front surface. The heat shield is disposed within the housing and is configured to reduce heat transfer between the front and back surfaces of the housing. The plurality of solar cells are disposed adjacent the front surface of the housing.

Abstract: Fluid delivery systems and related structures and processes are provided, such as for use with water, treated water, and/or a cleaning solution, for any of cleaning, cooling or any combination thereof, for one or more solar panels in a power generation environment. Enhanced coatings are provided for the incident surface of solar panels, such as to avoid build up of dirt, scale, or other contaminants, and/or to improve cleaning performance. Reclamation, filtration, and reuse structures are preferably provided for the delivered fluid, and seal structures may preferably be implemented between adjoining panels, to minimize loss of the delivered water or cleaning solution.

Abstract: The output of a photovoltaic power generator is estimated by estimating a solar radiation amount at a point different from solar radiation measurement points and determining an estimation error amount from solar radiation values measured at limited points. A photovoltaic power generator output estimation method estimates an output of a photovoltaic power generator based on a measured solar radiation value.

Abstract: A solar panel is disclosed that detects conditions triggered by operational events and then selects behavioral actions for the solar panel to execute in response to the operational events. Condition detection devices detect conditions that the solar panel is exposed to where each condition is triggered by an operational event that the solar panel is encountering. The condition detection devices generate condition data that provides information as to each of the conditions that the solar panel is exposed to and each operational event that triggered each of the conditions that the solar panel is encountering. A personality engine analyzes the condition data provided by the condition detection devices to determine a behavioral action that the solar panel is to execute in response to each operational event that the solar panel is encountering and executes the determined behavioral action to respond to each operational event that the solar panel is encountering.

Abstract: A load pulled oscillator circuit. The load pulled oscillator circuit comprises: i) an active circuit comprising a load pulled oscillator transistor, the active circuit having an optimal operational bias point; ii) an impedance matching circuit coupled to the active circuit; and iii) a temperature compensation circuit coupled to the active circuit and configured to compensate a bias voltage to the active circuit to thereby maintain the optimal operational bias point. The temperature compensation circuit comprises a thermistor that provides a variable resistance according to an ambient temperature in which the active circuit operates. The variable resistance of the thermistor compensates for changes in the ambient temperature to thereby maintain the optimal operational bias point.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments provide a resonant oscillator circuit. The resonant oscillator circuit includes a clipping mechanism configured to clip an output voltage of a signal pulse generated by the resonant oscillator circuit to a predefined constant level. The resonant oscillator circuit also includes a feedback path configured to return energy from the clipping mechanism to an input of the resonant oscillator circuit.

Abstract: A circuit for generating a plurality of oscillating signals with different phases includes a frequency divider, a first delay chain, a second delay chain and a calibration circuit. The frequency divider is arranged for frequency dividing a first input signal and a second input signal to generate a first frequency-divided input signal and a second frequency-divided input signal. The first delay chain is arranged for delaying the first frequency-divided input signal, and the second delay chain is arranged for delaying the second frequency-divided input signal. The calibration circuit is arranged for controlling delay amounts of the first delay chain and the second delay chain according to signals within the first delay chain or the second delay chain; wherein output signals of a portion delay cells within the first delay chain and the second delay chain serve as the plurality of oscillating signals with different phases.

Abstract: A method and system for modulating a drain supply voltage of a power amplifier are disclosed. A low pass envelope of a dual band modulated signal input to the power amplification system is determined. The determined low pass envelope is amplified. A drain supply of the power amplifier is modulated based on the amplified determined low pass envelope.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a circuit and a shifter. The circuit may be configured to generate a control signal based on a reference voltage and a plurality of characteristics of an amplifier. The shifter may be configured to (i) receive an input signal carrying a pulse burst having a plurality of pulses, (ii) shift a plurality of phases of the pulses in the pulse burst in response to the control signal, and (iii) present the pulses as shifted in an output signal.

Abstract: Embodiments for a power amplifier that can increase a low-frequency resonance frequency are provided. The power amplifier includes a power amplifying transistor die, a first metal oxide semiconductor capacitor, a direct current decoupling capacitor, and an output matching network, where: a drain of the power amplifying transistor die is connected to a first end of the first metal oxide semiconductor capacitor by using a bonding wire, and a second end of the first metal oxide semiconductor capacitor is grounded; the drain of the power amplifying transistor die is directly connected to the output matching network by using a bonding wire; a source of the power amplifying transistor die is grounded; the first end of the first metal oxide semiconductor capacitor is connected to one end of the direct current decoupling capacitor by using a bonding wire; and the other end of the direct current decoupling capacitor is grounded.

Abstract: A power amplifier is described. The power amplifier including at least a first amplifier stage, and at least a first tunable matching network. The first tunable matching network is configured to couple between a first impedance and a second impedance. The first matching network including at least one first set of metal oxide semiconductor variable capacitor arrays.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide an amplification circuit. The amplification circuit includes an amplifier and a first variable resistive device. The amplifier includes first and second input nodes configured to receive the first and second input electrical signals and first and second output nodes configured to output first and second output electrical signals having amplified voltages relative to the first and second input electrical signals. The first variable resistive device is electrically coupled to the second input node of the amplifier. The first variable resistive device being configured to have a selected resistance value to compensate for a direct current (DC) voltage difference between the first and second input electrical signals based on a DC voltage difference between first and second output electrical signals that are output from the first and second output nodes of the amplifier.

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to a method and circuit for gain compensation. The method includes detecting a strength of an output signal generated by a power amplifier of a transmitter in response to a commanded transmission signal. The method also includes comparing the detected strength of the output signal to a delayed version of a detected strength of the commanded transmission signal to obtain an error signal. The method further includes compensating for gain drop of the output signal by adjusting a gain of the transmitter based on the error signal.

Abstract: Techniques related to balancing audio for mobile devices are discussed. Such techniques may include detecting a speaker of the device is at least partially obstructed, determining an audio output from the device is impeded due to the speaker being at least partially obstructed, and increasing an output from the speaker and/or an alternative speaker based on the audio output from the device being impeded.

Abstract: An object is to provide an output-noise reduction device in which a component encapsulated through insert molding can be appropriately protected. In a noise filter module (output-noise reduction device), a conducting bar and a magnetic body core are protected with a molded member formed through insert molding. The molded member is formed of a resin material with a molding shrinkage rate of 0.5% or less. Thus, the amount of shrinkage after the molded member is molded and stress as a result of the shrinkage can be made small, whereby damage on the magnetic body core, deformation of a lead frame, and the like can be prevented from occurring.

Abstract: An object is to provide an output-noise reduction device that can prevent noise from an electronic device accommodated in a metal casing from being transmitted due to electromagnetic coupling. An output voltage is extracted to the outside through a conducting bar. A magnetic body core includes a through hole through which the conducting bar is inserted. A chip capacitor is mounted on a mounting board and connects between the output terminal VO and ground potential. A section from the output terminal VO to at least part of the chip capacitor mounted on the mounting board is isolated from the electromagnetic coupling from the electronic device. Thus, noise is prevented from being transmitted to the output terminal VO.

Abstract: An inductor-capacitor (LC) filter designed to comply with EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) standards comprises capacitors; switches for coupling capacitors; differential-mode inductors for coupling capacitors and switches; and common-mode inductors or a combination of differential-mode inductors and common-mode inductors, where an input signal changes the inductance of differential-mode inductors in the LC filter to modify a frequency response of the LC filter. In the LC filter, differential-mode inductors further comprise identical multiple-winding inductors, and the input signal, which biases the plurality of differential-mode inductors, includes a DC signal or a combination of DC and AC signals. A corner-frequency of the LC filter is adjusted and approximated as: fc=1/(2×pi×sqrt(L×C)), where fc is the corner-frequency, L is a composite value of inductance, and C is a composite value of capacitance.

Abstract: A common-mode filter includes a first transmission line, a second transmission line, a first wiring layer, a second wiring layer and a third wiring layer. The first wiring layer includes a first conductive capacitor plate, in which at least partial first transmission line is in the first wiring layer, and electrically coupled with the first conductive capacitor plate. The second wiring layer includes a second conductive plate and a first inductor, and the second conductive capacitor plate is electrically coupled with the first inductor. The third wiring layer includes a third conductive capacitor plate, in which at least partial second transmission line is in the second wiring layer, and electrically coupled with the third conductive capacitor plate. The first conductive capacitor plate at least partial faces the second conductive capacitor plate, and the second conductive capacitor plate at least partial faces the third conductive capacitor plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is apparatus and method to filter a signal. In such an apparatus, an outer polyphase filter is configured for receiving an input signal and for channelizing the input signal into outer filtered samples. An outer Inverse Fourier Transform block is coupled to the outer polyphase filter and configured for transforming the outer filtered samples into a coarse multi-path output. An inner polyphase filter is coupled to a path of the coarse multi-path output for receiving information therefrom and configured for generating inner filtered samples of the information obtained from the path. The inner filtered samples are for moving an edge of a passband associated with the outer filtered samples toward a center of the passband.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided filters. In some example embodiments, there is provided a radio frequency filter including at least one resonant circuit selectable to vary at least the selectivity of the radio frequency filter, wherein the selectivity is varied based on at least one of a first amount of transmit power being used at a user equipment and a second amount of received signal power. Related apparatus, systems, methods, and articles are also described.

Abstract: An apparatus, and related method, relates generally to viable bandwidth filtering. In such an apparatus, an analysis filter bank has path filters associated with different bandwidths and is configured for filtering and transforming an input signal having a first bandwidth into a first interleaved output. A mask is coupled to the analysis filter bank and configured for masking at least one narrowband time signal of the first interleaved output. A synthesis filter bank is coupled to the mask. The synthesis filter bank is configured for transforming and filtering the masked first interleaved output to generate a second interleaved output for constructing an output signal having a second bandwidth. The second bandwidth is different than the first bandwidth for the variable bandwidth filtering.

Abstract: A high pass filter includes a first end connected to a first terminal and is a filter that transmits a signal in a first frequency band. A second terminal is connected to a second end of the high pass filter. A first switch includes a first end connected to the second end of the high pass filter. A third terminal is connected to a second end of the first switch. A low pass filter includes a first end connected to the first terminal and is a filter that transmits a signal in a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band. A fourth terminal is connected to a second end of the low pass filter. A second switch includes a first end connected to the second end of the low pass filter. A fifth terminal is connected to the second end of the second switch.

Abstract: A transmission and reception device includes a control unit, an antenna duplexer, a transmission circuit, a reception circuit, a detection unit, an antenna matching circuit, and a load adjustment circuit. The detection unit is connected to an antenna side of the antenna duplexer. The detection unit detects a reflection signal generated as a transmission signal is reflected by the antenna. The control unit adjusts element values of a capacitor a resistance constituting the load adjustment circuit on the basis of the detected reflection signal. The load adjustment circuit is connected to the antenna duplexer. By adjusting the element value of the load adjustment circuit, the impedance of the antenna duplexer is adjusted and the impedance between the antenna and the antenna duplexer is matched.

Abstract: The present invention discloses structures of a planar transformer and a balanced-to-unbalanced transformer. The structure of the planar transformer includes a first planar coil, a second planar coil and a third planar coil. The first planar coil has a first ring structure, a second ring structure, and a connecting section. The first ring structure and the second ring structure are connected by the connecting section. A range of the second planar coil and a range of the first ring structure at least partially overlap. A range of the third planar coil and a range of the second ring structure at least partially overlap. A transformer is constituted by the first planar coil and the second planar coil or by the first planar coil and the third planar coil.

Abstract: An oscillation device includes a vibrator made of a quartz substrate, a vibration substrate coupled to the vibrator and including a peripheral portion surrounding a periphery of the vibrator, a support substrate jointed to the vibration substrate at the peripheral portion of the vibration substrate, a cap layer disposed on an opposite side of the vibration substrate from the support substrate and jointed to the vibration substrate at the peripheral portion of the vibration substrate via a joint. At least one pad electrically connected to the vibration substrate is formed on the cap layer. At least one conductor pattern opposed to the pad is formed on a vibration substrate side surface of the cap layer and is electrically connected to the pad.

Abstract: Devices and method related to stacked duplexers. In some embodiments, an assembly may include a first wafer-level packaging (WLP) device having a radio-frequency (RF) shield. The assembly may also include a second WLP device having an RF shield, the second WLP device positioned over the first WLP device such that the RF shield of the second WLP device is electrically connected to the RF shield of the first WLP device.

Abstract: A vibrator includes a substrate, an electrode located on the substrate, a vibrating piece, an interconnect that includes a first joining portion surrounding the electrode on the substrate and is connected to the vibrating piece and electrically connected to the electrode, and a lid portion that has an opening for exposing the electrode and is joined to the first joining portion.

Abstract: A piezoelectric drive device includes a plurality of piezoelectric vibrating portions that drive a driven member. A difference between the maximum resonance frequency and the minimum resonance frequency in each resonance frequency of the plurality of piezoelectric vibrating portions falls within a range of 0.001% to 5% of an average resonance frequency of the plurality of piezoelectric vibrating portions.

Abstract: A programmable RF attenuator having a first connection node and a second connection node is disclosed. The programmable RF attenuator provides RF attenuation between the first connection node and the second connection node based on at least a first attenuation control signal. The programmable RF attenuator includes a first RF attenuator circuit and a first reactance compensation circuit, such that the first RF attenuator circuit includes a first shunt transistor element and a first shunt resistive element, which is coupled to the first shunt transistor element. The first shunt transistor element receives the first attenuation control signal. The first reactance compensation circuit is coupled to the first RF attenuator circuit and at least partially compensates for reactive characteristics of the programmable RF attenuator that affect an attenuation flatness of the programmable RF attenuator.

Abstract: A discrete time filter, DTF, is described that comprises a summing node; N parallel branches, each branch having a set of input unit sampling capacitances where each unit sampling capacitance is independently selectively coupleable to the summing node; and an output capacitance connected to the summing node. The output capacitance has a value equal to a sum of the sampling capacitances that are to be selectively connected to the summing node; and the discrete time filter further comprises an inductance connected between the summing node and the output capacitance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nonlinear signal processing, and, in particular, to adaptive nonlinear filtering of real-, complex-, and vector-valued signals utilizing analog Nonlinear Differential Limiters (NDLs), and to adaptive real-time signal conditioning, processing, analysis, quantification, comparison, and control. More generally, this invention relates to methods, processes and apparatus for real-time measuring and analysis of variables, and to generic measurement systems and processes. This invention also relates to methods and corresponding apparatus for measuring which extend to different applications and provide results other than instantaneous values of variables. The invention further relates to post-processing analysis of measured variables and to statistical analysis.