Abstract: A prechamber spark plug for a gas-powered internal combustion engine having: a metallic body, an insulator, a center conductor connected to a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a cap that is attached to a front end of the body and forms a prechamber. The prechamber can be subdivided into a front part and a back part by an imaginary separating plane that is perpendicular to the center conductor at an end face of the center electrode. The front part of the prechamber is located on the front side of the separating plane, and the back part is located inside the body on the back side of the separating plane so that the volume of the back part is larger than the volume of the front part. Apart from its connection to the front part of the prechamber, the back part is closed in a gas-tight manner.

Abstract: A cable holding element configured for attachment to either an angled frame having internal corners, or external corners or both. The cable holding element includes a base body and rows of latching projections that project from the base body to define at least one channel area for holding cable. The latching projections each have a first section and a second section. The first section and the second section form an acute angle towards the base body. A first row of latching projections opposes a second row of latching projections. The opposing latching projections cooperate to interlock without contact, in a comb-like manner to hold cable within the cable holding element and to form guiding structure that guides cable into and out from the channel area. In an alternate embodiment, the cable holding element has a flat base body capable of attachment to a planar surface.

Abstract: An electrical wire routing apparatus with high reliability of a motion returning to the original state after being trampled on. The electrical wire routing apparatus includes an electrical wire guide into which an electrical wire routed between a vehicle body and a movable body such as a slide door is insertable and that interlocks with a motion of the slide door, a stretchable elastic member that is installed between the electrical wire guide and the vehicle body, between the electrical wire guide and the slide door, or partway through the electrical wire guide, and a bracket for guiding a displacement motion of the electrical wire guide when the elastic member stretches or shrinks.

Abstract: Claimed by the inventions is a cable tray (23, 140) comprising a first part (51) constituting one piece having a uniform thickness, the first part (51) forming at least a first support surface (52) of a first accommodation (53) for the plurality of cables (54), the first part (51) having a plurality of first through holes (15) formed by a first plurality of edges (19) in the first part (51), wherein at least a part of each said edge (19) protrudes and is directed with an angle away from the support surface (52) of the first accommodation (53), where 45°<?<180°. Also a method of manufacturing such a cable tray is claimed by the invention.

Abstract: An enclosure for containing electrical components and for recessing into and fixing to a surface is disclosed. The enclosure has a box and a flange extending the box adjacent an opening in the box. The flange has an aperture in each corn to receive a fixing screw. A first seal extends around the box on a rear surface of the flange. A lid covers the opening and the flange and touches the first seal. A second seal extends around the opening and engages the lid and the body. Lid screws fix the lid to the body. The apparatus provides an easy to clean and completely sealed enclosure.

Abstract: An in-floor electrical floor-box assembly includes a rectangular metallic housing and a non-metallic riser with integral flange assembly having a rectangular flange that mates with the rectangular housing and an integral cylindrical riser for providing access to the electrical components through a round cover and finish flange. A low-voltage divider assembly separates cables carrying different voltages within the riser to reduce interference between the cables and any one of a variety of sub-plates having different configurations for accommodating a variety of multi-service or single service electrical functionality can be incorporated with the box.

Abstract: A sealing grommet assembly for use with a panel and a wire bundle includes first and second grommets, a cable guide, and an annular retainer. The first grommet defines a first conduit and a first set of sealing lips. The second grommet defines a second conduit and a second set of sealing lips. The cable guide is positioned within the first and second conduits, and receives and supports the wire bundle. The annular retainer is encapsulated by the first and second grommets, and has a first set of axially-projecting latch fingers that secures the first and second grommets to each other. The retainer also has a second set of axially-projecting latch fingers that secures the first and second grommets to the panel. The sealing lips form a seal against opposite sides of the panel when the sealing grommet assembly is secured to the panel via the annular retainer.

Abstract: A sealing boot for protecting an electrical interconnection includes: a main body having a cavity configured to house an interconnection of two electrical connectors; and a neck merging with one end of the main body and having a cylindrical inner surface that defines a bore that is continuous with the cavity of the main body, the inner surface having an inner diameter that is less than an inner diameter of the cavity of the main body. The inner surface of the neck includes a helical projection comprising a main artery and two tributaries, the tributaries each intersecting a section of the main artery at one end and merging with an end of the main artery at an opposite end.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fault in an electric power delivery system. In one embodiment, a system may include a data acquisition subsystem configured to receive a plurality of representations of electrical conditions associated with at least a portion of the electric power delivery system. A traveling wave detector may be configured to detect a traveling wave event based on the plurality of representations of electrical conditions. A traveling wave directional subsystem may be configured to calculate an energy value of the traveling wave event during an accumulation period based on the detection of the traveling wave by the traveling wave disturbance detector. A maximum and a minimum energy value may be determined during the accumulation period. A fault direction may be determined based on the maximum energy value and the minimum energy value. A fault detector subsystem configured to declare a fault based on the determined fault direction.

Abstract: An electrical receptacle contains a plug outlet that has a pair of contacts for electrical connection to respective hot and neutral power lines. A controlled switch, such as a TRIAC, is connected in series relationship between the outlet contact and the hot power line. Sensors in the receptacle outputs signals to a processor having an output coupled to the control terminal of the controlled switch. The processor outputs an activation signal or a deactivation signal to the controlled switch in response to received sensor signals that are indicative of conditions relative to the first and second contacts.

Abstract: A virtual electronic circuit breaker having an electrical relay and a control circuit, the control circuit including a load and wire protection (“OC”) detection unit, a microprocessor and a driver. The OC detection unit is configured to monitor a power flow and the electrical relay is effective to control it. The driver is effective to cause the relay to stop the power flow upon receipt of a deactivation command. The OC detection unit is effective to cause the driver to receive a deactivation command if the OC detection unit senses that a short circuit condition or an overload condition exists. The microprocessor of the control unit is configured so as to be capable of, at least, receiving input from the OC detection unit and sending output to the driver.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a semiconductor switch configured to interrupt a current between a power source and a load, an inductor coupled in series with the semiconductor switch, and a capacitor coupled to a node between the inductor and the load. The apparatus further includes a current sensor configured to sense a current provided to the load and a control circuit coupled to the current sensor and configured to control the semiconductor switch responsive to the sensed current.

Abstract: Power combiner systems and methods for combining power from a number of power sources, which can differ in output power level, to at least one output. A controller monitors energy storage elements and controls a switch network to dynamically charge and discharge the energy storage elements while matching a desired output level. The controller can dynamically direct the switch network to alter inputs and outputs, thereby changing the frequency and order in which energy storage elements are connected.

Abstract: A subsea power distribution system is provided. The subsea power distribution system includes a power input for receiving electrical power at a first voltage level and an input transformer coupled to the power input and adapted to transform received electrical power to a second voltage level which is lower than the first voltage level. A distribution circuit distributes received electrical power to two or more power distribution paths. At least one rectifier unit is-receives transformed electrical power from the input transformer and outputs rectified electrical power. The two or more power distribution paths each have an inverter configured to receive rectified electrical power from the rectifier unit and to output AC electrical power at a third voltage level, and a distribution path transformer coupled to the respective inverter and configured to transform the output AC electric power to a fourth voltage level which is higher than the third voltage level.

Abstract: A control device (100) includes a communication unit (102) which receives power consumption information of a power control target from an electric energy meter, an acquisition unit (104) which acquires demand control information from at least one power supply source, and a control unit (106) which controls operation of the power control target based on the power consumption information and the demand control information.

Abstract: Dispatch engines service endpoints by transmitting dispatch signals to the serviced endpoints that cause the endpoints to adjust their electric power consumption from the electric power grid in accord with a control signal received by the dispatch engine. A market interface dispatch engine receives its control signal from an electric power grid managing entity, and downstream dispatch engines form a hierarchy cascading downstream from the market interface dispatch engine with each downstream dispatch engine being an endpoint serviced by a dispatch engine located upstream in the hierarchy. The control signal received by each downstream dispatch engine comprises dispatch signals transmitted by the upstream dispatch engine. The endpoints further include electric power-consuming loads. A suitable load controller comprises separate power interface and logic elements operatively connected to define the load controller, with the logic element powered by low voltage DC power received from the power interface element.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage system includes a battery configured to store and discharge electric power to an energy grid, a power inverter configured to use battery power setpoints to control an amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery, the battery power setpoints comprising at least one of frequency regulation power setpoints and ramp rate control power setpoints, and a controller. The controller is configured to use a battery life model to generate the battery power setpoints for the power inverter. The battery life model includes one or more variables that depend on the battery power setpoints.

Abstract: A solar power conversion system includes a photovoltaic array having photovoltaic modules for generating direct current (DC) power. A power converter in the system converts the DC power to alternating current (AC) power. The AC power is transmitted to the power grid via a transformer coupled between the power converter and the power grid. The transformer is connected to the power grid at the point of common coupling (PCC) and to the power converter at output terminals. A voltage estimation module is configured to estimate a voltage at PCC based on a measured voltage magnitude, a measured real power and a measured reactive power at the output terminals, and a reactance of the transformer. A controller is provided in the system for generating switching command signals for the power converter based on the voltage at PCC.

Abstract: A solar power conversion system includes a photovoltaic array having photovoltaic modules for generating direct current (DC) power. A power converter is provided in the system for converting the DC power to alternating current (AC) power. A transformer is coupled between the power converter and a power grid for transmitting the AC power to the power grid. The transformer is connected to the power grid at the point of common coupling (PCC) and to the power converter at output terminals. A reactance estimation module is provided in the system for estimating a short circuit reactance at PCC based on a small change in a measured voltage at output terminals with respect to a small change in a measured reactive power at the output terminals. Further, a maximum reactive power estimation module estimates a maximum reactive power based on the estimated reactance, the measured voltage at output terminals, and the measured reactive power at the output terminals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fishing tackle box that has been outfitted with LED (light Emitting Diodes) lighting the trays and main storage areas of the box. The LEDs in the box are powered by a rechargeable battery charged by at least two solar panels, and are positioned to provide power regardless of the box being opened or closed. The battery and solar panels also provide power to a USB connector mounted on the external wall of the box to allow charging of a smartphone or audio device. Also, the box has stereo or two speakers driven by wireless (Bluetooth) wired audio inputs to the box. AC or mains input is located on an external wall of the box for an additional charging source.

Abstract: A power control system includes a battery, a battery power inverter configured to control an amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery, a photovoltaic power inverter configured to control a power output of a photovoltaic field, and a controller. The power outputs of the battery power inverter and the photovoltaic power inverter combine at a point of interconnection. The controller adjusts a setpoint for the photovoltaic power inverter in response to a determination that the total power at the point of interconnection exceeds a point of interconnection power limit.

Abstract: A photovoltaic energy system includes a photovoltaic field configured to convert solar energy into electrical energy, a power inverter configured to control an electric power output of the photovoltaic field, and a controller. The controller can determine optimal power setpoints for the power inverter by optimizing a value function that includes a penalty cost for failing to comply with a ramp rate limit and photovoltaic revenue.

Abstract: An electric circuit includes a semiconductor-based switch with a first terminal and a second terminal for conducting a power current. Further, the electric circuit includes a sensor for detecting a current change velocity of the power current flowing through the semiconductor-based switch. The sensor includes an insulating foil configured to be connected to the first or second terminal of the semiconductor-based switch and an inductance arranged on the insulating foil on a side of the same that is arranged opposite to a side facing the semiconductor-based switch during a measurement operation of the sensor in order to detect a magnetic field generated by the power current to provide a measurement voltage based on the detected magnetic field. The inductance is spaced apart from the semiconductor-based switch at least by the insulating foil, such that contactless measurement is enabled. The insulating foil includes a mounting portion.

Abstract: A device for switching a semiconductor-based switch includes a terminal that is configured to be connected to a control terminal of the semiconductor-based switch. A controllable deactivation voltage source connected to the terminal is configured to provide, at least temporarily, a switching potential at a potential node. A control device is configured to control the controllable deactivation voltage source in a time-varying manner, such that the controllable deactivation voltage source provides the switching potential at the potential node during a switching interval. The switching potential is galvanically coupled to a supply node to which a supply potential of the control device is applied and has a lower potential value than a threshold voltage of the semiconductor-based switch. The control device is configured to control the controllable deactivation voltage source.

Abstract: A control circuit for controlling multiple power supplies having their outputs coupled in series is configured to in response to an output current reaching a defined current threshold of a power supply of the power supplies, control the power supply to operate in its constant current mode so that the output current is regulated at the defined current threshold as the remaining power supplies operate in their constant voltage mode, and in response to the output voltage of the power supply reaching a defined voltage threshold, control the power supply to operate in its constant voltage mode so that the power supply provides a first regulated output voltage to its output as the remaining power supplies provide a second regulated output voltage different than the first regulated output voltage to their output. Various other systems, power supplies, control circuit and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A personal portable power distribution apparatus including a portable central power source, a power management module coupled to receive power from the central power source, and a harness assembly having at least one power supply node for distributing power from the power management module, wherein the power management module is operable to control supply of power through each individual power supply node, each power supply node terminating in a like connector, and an adaptor module is fitted to a power input terminal of an electronic accessory device to adapt the device for operation with the power distribution apparatus by providing a corresponding connector suitable for interconnection with said like connector(s).

Abstract: A frequency regulation and ramp rate control system includes a battery configured to store and discharge electric power, a battery power inverter configured to control an amount of the electric power in the battery, a photovoltaic power inverter configured to control an electric power output of a photovoltaic field, and a controller. The controller generates a battery power setpoint for the battery power inverter and a photovoltaic power setpoint for the photovoltaic power inverter. The generated setpoints cause the battery power inverter and the photovoltaic power inverter to simultaneously perform both frequency regulation and ramp rate control.

Abstract: A predictive power control system includes a battery configured to store and discharge electric power, a battery power inverter configured to control an amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery, and a controller. The controller is configured to predict a power output of a photovoltaic field and use the predicted power output of the photovoltaic field to determine a setpoint for the battery power inverter.

Abstract: A frequency response optimization system includes a battery configured to store and discharge electric power, a power inverter configured to control an amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery, and a frequency response controller. The frequency response controller includes receiving a regulation signal from an incentive provider, determining statistics of the regulation signal, using the statistics of the regulation signal to generate a frequency response midpoint, and using the frequency response midpoint to determine optimal battery power setpoints for the power inverter. The power inverter is configured to use the optimal battery power setpoints to control the amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery.

Abstract: A frequency response controller includes a high level controller configured to receive a regulation signal from an incentive provider, determine statistics of the regulation signal, and use the statistics of the regulation signal to generate a frequency response midpoint. The controller further includes a low level controller configured to use the frequency response midpoint to determine optimal battery power setpoints and use the optimal battery power setpoints to control an amount of electric power stored or discharged from a battery during a frequency response period.

Abstract: A frequency response optimization system includes a battery configured to store and discharge electric power, a power inverter configured to control an amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery at each of a plurality of time steps during a frequency response period, and a frequency response controller. The frequency response controller is configured to receive a regulation signal from an incentive provider, determine statistics of the regulation signal, use the statistics of the regulation signal to generate an optimal frequency response midpoint that achieves a desired change in a state-of-charge (SOC) of the battery while participating in a frequency response program, and use the midpoints to determine optimal battery power setpoints for the power inverter. The power inverter is configured to use the optimal battery power setpoints to control the amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery.

Abstract: A secondary battery has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and is charged and discharged. A charge-discharge control unit controls charge and discharge of the secondary battery, and includes a storage unit, a calculating unit, and a control processing unit. The storage unit stores therein charge-discharge characteristics of the secondary battery. The calculating unit calculates a charge-discharge condition of the secondary battery based on the charge-discharge characteristics stored in the storage unit. The control processing unit charges and discharges the secondary battery based on the charge-discharge condition. The storage unit stores therein model data of degradation.

Abstract: A control system is designed or configured to control the state of charge of a battery or battery pack in a system containing a separate power source, which is separate from the battery or battery pack. In operation, the battery or battery pack is called upon to intermittently provide power for certain functions. The separate power source may be, for example, an AC electrical power source for a UPS or an engine of a vehicle such as a micro hybrid vehicle. The battery may be a nickel zinc aqueous battery. The control system may be designed or configured to implement one or more of the following functions: monitoring the state of charge of the battery or battery pack; directing rapid recharge of the battery or battery pack from the separate power source when the battery or battery pack is not performing its functions; and directing charge to fully charged level or a float charge level, which is different from the fully charged level, in response to operating conditions.

Abstract: A system includes: connectors electrically connected to storage battery packs respectively; at least one of a discharger that discharges electric power of the storage battery packs through the connectors and a charger that charges the storage battery packs through the connectors; an information holder that holds identification information of the connectors; a receiver that receives information of the storage battery packs and the identification information of the connectors connected to the storage battery packs, which the storage battery packs receive from the information holder, respectively from the storage battery packs through wireless communication; and a storage that stores the received information of the storage battery packs and the received identification information of the connectors connected to the storage battery packs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for controlling a plurality of cells of a battery, the device comprising: a battery control module, comprising a plurality of cell control units, each assigned to one of the cells, wherein each cell control unit is configured to change a charge balance of the assigned cell and to measure at least one cell parameter of the assigned cell; and a main control module, which is configured to define a preferred range of the state-of-charge of the battery cells for a charging-discharging-cycle, wherein the preferred range is reduced compared to a full range, the main control module further configured to provide a first group of selected cells, on which a charging-discharging-cycle is performed including a fully charged state within the full range, and a second group of non-selected cells, on which the charging-discharging-cycle is performed within the preferred range.

Abstract: An assembly including a battery and a management system, wherein: the battery includes at least three stages in series between a negative terminal and a positive terminal of the battery; and the management system includes: at least two first voltage sensors each having first and second measurement nodes connected by at least two consecutive stages of the battery, said first sensors being arranged so that each stage has its positive terminal connected to one of the first sensors, and does not have its negative terminal connected to the same first sensor; and at least one second voltage sensor having first and second measurement nodes respectively coupled to the positive terminal and to the negative terminal of a same stage of the battery.

Abstract: A charging case for a plurality of headsets is disclosed. Each headset includes two headphone units connected together in opposing relationship along a diametric axis by a headband. Each headset contains a battery and a charge receiving circuit coupled to the battery. The charging case comprises a portable, cylindrically shaped carrying case and a charging station contained in the carrying case. The charging station includes a plurality of charging receptacles and a charge distribution circuit. The charging receptacles are disposed in a circular pattern about a center area and are configured to support the headsets, respectively, in an orientation where the diametric axes of the headsets are positioned radially in the circular pattern. The distribution circuit distributes electricity to the charging receptacles. At each receptacle electricity is transferred to the charge receiving circuit of a headset when the headset is in the receptacle, to charge the battery of the headset.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices of managing a battery assembly used to power an object are provided to discharge a battery assembly for a safe and long-term storage. A controlled self-discharge of the battery assembly may be initiated when the power to the object is turned off for a certain length of time or the battery assembly is not in use for a threshold length of time. The controlled self-discharge may be terminated if the battery assembly reaches a threshold voltage value or the battery is in use again during the self-discharge.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a charging unit that charges a battery using power from an external power source, an authentication unit that performs authentication to determine whether the battery is a predetermined battery, a detection unit that detects a voltage of the battery, and a control unit that causes the charging unit to charge the battery with a current not more than a first current value until the voltage of the battery reaches a first predetermined value and causes the authentication unit to operate on power from the battery when the voltage of the battery reaches the first predetermined value. When the voltage of the battery has reached the first predetermined value, the control unit causes the authentication unit to authenticate the battery.

Abstract: A coil-in-coil structure (100) is formed within two devices (106, 108). The coil-in-coil structure (100) enables both wireless charging and secure pairing between the two devices (106, 108). The coil-in-coil structure (100) permits expanded wireless functionality using a single transmit coil (104) at a host radio device (108) and a receive coil (102) at an accessory device (106). A plurality of different accessory devices (606) can be interchangeably accommodated via a single host port (114) of the radio device (108).

Abstract: Wireless charging devices, methods of manufacture thereof, and methods of charging electronic devices are disclosed. In some embodiments, a wireless charging device includes a controller, a molding material disposed around the controller, and an interconnect structure disposed over the molding material and coupled to the controller. The wireless charging device includes a wireless charging coil coupled to the controller. The wireless charging coil comprises a first portion disposed in the interconnect structure and a second portion disposed in the molding material. The wireless charging coil is adapted to provide an inductance to charge an electronic device.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems, methods, and apparatus related to dominant power receiving unit selection. A device may determine a presence of a first device of one or more devices on a charging area of the device, the charging area including a power transmitting surface. The device may establish a connection with the first device using one or more communication protocols. The device may identify one or more parameters associated with the first device using the established connection. The device may determine that the first device is a dominant device based at least in part on the one or more parameters.

Abstract: A magnetic field shielding sheet and a wireless power charging apparatus including the same are provided. A magnetic field shielding sheet includes a magnetic field shielding area including magnetic field shielding layers disposed on a surface of a coil part configured to provide a wireless power charging function to shield a magnetic field generated from the coil part and an adhesive layer bonding the magnetic field shielding layers to each other, and heat radiation fillers disposed within the adhesive layer.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus, a charge controlling method, and a computer-readable recording medium are provided. The electronic apparatus includes a battery unit including a battery and configured to supply power to components of the electronic apparatus using power of the battery, a charging circuit configured to, in response to the power being received from an external adapter, charge the battery using the received power, and a controller configured to detect a charging state of the battery, divide a charging process into a plurality of charging periods according to the detected charging state, and control the charging circuit to provide different target voltages to the divided charging periods and target currents determined according to the different target voltages and preset power consumption to the battery.

Abstract: The wireless power transmitter includes a first wireless transmitting unit disposed at a rear surface of the wireless power receiver and having a first charging scheme, and a second wireless transmitting unit disposed on at least one of side surfaces of the wireless power receiver and having a second charging scheme different from the first charging scheme. The wireless power transmitter may more efficiently charge the wireless power receiver.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises a power control unit that performs control to supply power supplied from an external apparatus to the electronic device to a first power path and a second power path, wherein the first power path differs from the second power path, and the second power path is a power path for supplying power supplied from the external apparatus to the electronic device to a battery, and an authentication unit that performs authentication to determine whether the battery is a predetermined battery. The power control unit limits supply of power supplied from the external apparatus to the electronic device to the first power path and the second power path when the authentication has failed.

Abstract: A polyphase power dispatching system and a polyphase power dispatching method are provided. The polyphase power dispatching system includes an electric meter, a single-phase electricity storage module, a switch and a control circuit. The electric meter can measure transmission statuses of power transmission lines of a polyphase power line group. The common terminal of the switch is connected to the single-phase electricity storage module. The selection terminals of the switch are connected to the power transmission lines in a one-to-one manner. The control circuit is connected to the electric meter and the switch. The control circuit can correspondingly control the switch based on the transmission status of each power transmission line, so that the switch selectively connects the single-phase electricity storage module to one of the power transmission lines.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery using a solution of an aluminum salt as an electrolyte is disclosed, as well as methods of making the battery and methods of using the battery.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to the provision of system, method and apparatus for providing temporary low voltage power and is useful for providing power for a Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) powered lighting network. The present invention is useful in a building under construction. Advantageously, the inventive technology includes mobile apparatus that is transportable, thus allowing the apparatus to be transported onto a site, used, and transported from a site. Furthermore, the inventive technology beneficially includes equipment for providing conditioned air space within the apparatus.

Abstract: According to at least one aspect, embodiments herein provide a UPS comprising an input to receive input power, an interface to receive DC battery power, a bi-directional converter coupled to the interface and configured to provide DC charging power, derived from the input power, to the battery in a first mode of operation and to convert the DC battery power into backup DC power in a second mode of operation, an output to provide output power to a load derived from at least one of the input power and the backup DC power, and a controller coupled to the bi-directional converter and configured to operate the bi-directional converter at a first frequency in the first mode of operation to generate the DC charging power and to operate the bi-directional converter at a second frequency in the second mode of operation to generate the backup DC power.