Abstract: A method for manufacturing coke having a high strength and excellent extrusion capability. The method includes a preparing step of blending two or more coal brands to prepare a coal blend, a stirring and mixing step of stirring and mixing the coal blend to disintegrate at least a part of pseudo-particles that have been formed by agglomeration of coal particles in the coal blend, and a carbonizing step of charging the stirred and mixed coal blend into a coke oven to carbonize the stirred and mixed coal blend. Additionally, a mixing apparatus is used in the stirring and mixing step that has a capability of controlling a degree of mixing of the coal blend to be 0.85 or more at 60 seconds after start of a mixing operation. The degree of mixing is calculated by the following equation (1): degree of mixing=(?C0??C)/(?C0??Cf)??(1).

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to methods and process agents for bitumen extraction from ore. More specifically, the method comprises contacting a process agent to the ore and adding water to form a bitumen-containing slurry. The process agent comprises sodium silicate, an aluminate, a dodecyl sulfate, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Systems and methods achieve the conversion of polymer containing material into petroleum products such as hydrocarbon gas, wax, crude oil and diesel. The reactor and its system are designed to subject the polymer containing material to pyrolysis in a way that results in a higher petroleum product yield than conventional existing systems. The system has controls which allow for the heating temperature, rotation of the body, and throughput rate, to be adjusted depending on the reaction time required for the material inside the reactor. The condensing system is able to separate the products into the desired petroleum products by percentage output ranging from wax to crude-like oil to diesel-quality oil.

Abstract: A method of processing stranded remote gas comprising (a) introducing stranded remote gas and steam to a reforming unit to produce synthesis gas (syngas), wherein the stranded remote gas comprises methane, carbon dioxide, and sulfur-containing compounds, and wherein the syngas is characterized by a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide of from about 1.7:1 to about 2.5:1; (b) introducing at least a portion of the syngas to a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) unit to produce an FT syncrude product, FT water, and FT tail gas, wherein the FT syncrude product comprises FT hydrocarbon liquids, wherein the FT syncrude product comprises FT wax in an amount of less than about 5 wt. %, and wherein the FT unit is characterized by an FT reaction temperature of from about 300° C. to about 350° C.; and (c) blending the FT syncrude product with crude oil for storage and/or transport.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst support and of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst. A silica comprising support is subjected to hydrothermal treatment. The hydrothermal treatment results in catalysts having improved C5+ selectivity as compared with catalysts prepared with a non-treated silica comprising support.

Abstract: Provided is a process for fluid catalytic cracking of a heavy oil by contacting the oil with a catalyst at an elevated temperature for a short period of time to produce light olefins such as propylene and butene. The process comprises contacting the heavy oil with a catalyst containing 12 to 24 percent by mass of a shape selective zeolite under conditions of a reaction zone outlet temperature of 580 to 630° C., a catalyst/oil ratio of 15 to 40 weight/weight and a hydrocarbon residence time in the reaction zone of 0.1 to 1.0 second to produce a cracked product having a secondary cracking activity (C2 olefin concentration/C4 olefin concentration) value in the range of 0.30 to 0.55.

Abstract: The present invention provides A process for preparing Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction, comprising: a) providing a Fischer-Tropsch-derived gasoil feedstock containing one or more contaminants; b) providing the Fischer-Tropsch-derived gasoil feedstock to a pretreatment zone to be pretreated to remove at least part of the one or more contaminants in the Fischer-Tropsch-derived gasoil feedstock; c) retrieving from the pretreatment zone a purified Fischer-Tropsch gasoil, which purified Fischer-Tropsch gasoil is contaminant-depleted with respect to the Fischer-Tropsch-derived gasoil feedstock; and d) providing the purified Fischer-Tropsch gasoil to fractionation zone and fractionating the purified Fischer-Tropsch gasoil into two or more high purity Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fractions. The invention further provides for the use of the purified Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction.

Abstract: Systems, processes, and catalysts are disclosed for obtaining fuel and fuel blends containing selected ratios of open-chain and closed-chain fuel-range hydrocarbons suitable for production of alternate fuels including gasolines, jet fuels, and diesel fuels. Fuel-range hydrocarbons may be derived from ethylene-containing feedstocks and ethanol-containing feedstocks.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that receives waste and generates electrical power or thermal energy with minimal NOx emissions. A gasifier is provided that receives the waste and air to produce fuel gas for delivery to a fluidly coupled reformer. The reformer receives the fuel gas, recycled flue gas, and air to auto-thermally produce a reformed fuel gas and destroy fuel gas pollutants at a first temperature without a catalyst. A burner is fluidly coupled to the reformer and receives recycled flue gas and air to oxidize the reformed fuel gas at a second temperature that prevents nitrogen oxide formation, the second temperature being lower than the first temperature. A quench chamber is fluidly coupled to the burner and receives flue gas from the burner for quenching with recycled flue gas. A heat recovery system is fluidly coupled to the reformer, burner, and quench chamber to extract usable energy.

Abstract: There is disclosed a waste treatment process for a fossil-fuel extraction site (18, 40), comprising: processing extracted waste generated by a fossil-fuel extraction process to produce primary waste having a higher calorific value than the extracted waste; mixing the primary waste with secondary waste to generate pyrolysis feedstock, the secondary waste having a lower calorific value than the primary waste; pyrolysing the pyrolysis feedstock in a pyrolysis unit (32) to form pyrolysis char; and gasifying the pyrolysis char in a gasification unit (36) to form syngas and ash.

Abstract: A process for the gasification of wet biomass. The process comprises heating wet biomass at a pressure in the range of from 22.1 MPa to 35 MPa. The wet biomass is heated from a temperature of at most T1 to a temperature of at least T2 by heat exchange with a first heating fluid. The gasification product is further heated. The further heated gasification product is used as the first heating fluid, upon which the further heated gasification product is cooled down from a temperature of at least T3 to a temperature of at most T4. The temperatures T1, T2, T3 and T4 can be calculated by using certain mathematical formulae. Also claimed: a reaction apparatus for the gasification of wet biomass.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the generation of bio-products from organic matter feedstocks. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of pulping liquors in the hydrothermal/thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic and/or fossilised organic feedstocks into biofuels (e.g. bio-oils) and/or chemical products (e.g. platform chemicals).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gasoline composition comprising a) 70-86% by volume of ethanol, b) a hydrocarbon component comprising hydrocarbons derived from feedstock comprising tall oil material, where said hydrocarbon component has RON of 50-70 and it comprises 25-60 mass % of naphthenes.

Abstract: This disclosure describes formulations and methods for dust control, for example, coal topping, a term which refers to the application of liquid products to the top of coal loads, such as those in open topped coal hopper railcars as commonly used today to transport coal. Disclosed herein are asphalt-based emulsion formulations that accomplish dust control during industrial operations in which dust handling is required.

Abstract: A biomass solid fuel is provided which, when exposed to rain water, has a reduced COD in discharged water and has low disintegration-property, while suppressing an increase in cost. The present invention relates to a biomass solid fuel obtained by molding pulverized biomass, having a fuel ratio (fixed carbon/volatile matter) of 0.2 to 0.8, dry-basis higher heating value of 4800 to 7000 (kcal/kg), a molar ratio of oxygen O to carbon C (O/C) of 0.1 to 0.7, and a molar ratio of hydrogen H to carbon C (H/C) is 0.8 to 1.3.

Abstract: A quaternary ammonium salt of formula wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is independently selected from an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group having less than 8 carbon atoms and R5 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil comprising, as a base oil, a polymer having a structural unit represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1, R2 and R3, which may be the same as or different from each other, represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; and R4 represents a hydrocarbon group or an organic group containing an oxygen atom, and having a number average molecular weight Mn of 300 or more and 3000 or less and a ratio of a weight-average molecular weight Mw to a number average molecular weight Mn (Mw/Mn) of 1.10 or more and 2.00 or less, and the refrigerating machine oil being used with a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of difluoromethane, a mixture of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane, a mixture of difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, a mixture of pentafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, unsaturated hydrofluorocarbons, hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising a) at least one N-methyl-N-acylglucamine of formula (I), wherein R1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain with 7 to 21 carbon atoms, one or more organic acids of formula (II) and/or the salts thereof, R2—COOM, wherein R2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or a linear or branched mono- or poly-unsaturated alkenyl group with 5 to 29 carbon atoms, and M represents hydrogen or one or more cations, wherein the cations are present in charge-equalizing amounts, and c) one or more alkanolamines of formula (III), wherein NR1R2R3R1, R2 and R3 represent hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group with 5 to 7 carbon atoms, a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group with 2 to 5 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 hydroxy groups or a hydroxyether group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, with the provision that at least one of the groups is a hydroxyalkyl group or a hydroxyether group.

Abstract: The present technology includes an extreme pressure additive package formulated with a biodegradable sulfur component, which additive package can achieve suitable extreme pressure performance when formulated into a fully formulated industrial gear oil lubricant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of hydraulic fluids in plastic injection molding processes. Thereby it was surprisingly found that the use of hydraulic fluids with the right combination of physical parameters like the viscosity grade, the viscosity index, the density and the dispersancy allows for significant energy savings in plastic injection molding processes (PIM). The PIM process is an industrial process to manufacture plastic parts at well controlled temperatures, pressures and cycle times. The energy consumption of the process became more important over the last years, however, other parameters like process stability and accuracy of plastic part parameters as well as machine protection and long oil drain intervals have to be satisfying.

Abstract: An industrial base oil formulation comprising a base oil, preferably a hydrocarbon base oil, having a kinematic viscosity of more than 100 centiStokes, preferably 150 centiStokes or more, at 40 degrees Celsius and an AC-OSP where the AC-OSP has the structure of Formula I: R1[O(R2O)n(R3O)mR4]p (I) where R1 is an alkyl having from one to thirty carbons, R2 and R3 are independently selected from alkyl groups having three or four carbons and can be in block form or randomly combined, R4 is an alkyl having from one to 18 carbon atoms, n and m are independently numbers ranging from zero to 20 provided that n+m is greater than zero and p is a number within a range of one to three; wherein the industrial base oil formulation has a kinematic viscosity of greater than 100 centiStokes, preferably 150 centiStokes or more, at 40 degrees Celsius is useful in a lubricant for mechanical devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to conveyor lubricant compositions including an emulsion of a lipophilic compound and also including an emulsifier and/or an anionic surfactant. The present invention also relates to methods employing such lubricant compositions. In an embodiment, the method includes applying the present lubricant composition to a conveyor with a non-energized nozzle.

Abstract: The present technology relates to processes of fermenting a starch-containing material into a fermentation product comprising a fermentation step in the presence of a xylanase in combination with a pectinase on oil partitioning during post-fermentation processing. In particular, the enzyme(s) were added during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. The finished beer was subjected to beer well incubation, distillation, and then decanting to separate thin stillage from the solids.

Abstract: An aryl-substituted alkanal compound having a molecular weight of less than 300 g/mol and which bears a substituent on the aryl ring ortho to a substituent bearing the aldehyde functionality. Said compounds are useful as perfume ingredients in personal care and household care products.

Abstract: A method of forming a layered candle assembly includes positioning a candle core in a form. A layer of powdered wax is loaded into the form. The powdered wax layer has an outer region and an inner region. Mechanical force is applied to compress the outer region of the powdered wax layer and form an upper interface surface that is substantially non-horizontal. The outer perimeter of the interface surface is visible to an observer in the finished candle assembly. A liquefied fuel substance is poured over the top of the powdered wax layer to form a layer of solid wax. A wick may be added to at a desirable stage in the method of forming the layered candle assembly. The powdered wax and solid wax layers may each have a color or a combination of colors and/or a scent component or a combination of scent components.

Abstract: The invention is related to a precursor for making a detergent and a detergent comprising •water; •an alkyl sulfate; •a fatty acid alkanolamide and/or a fatty acid amidoamine; wherein the fatty acid alkanolamide corresponds to the formula (I) and wherein the fatty acid amidoamine corresponds to the formula (II)

Abstract: A coated ?-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester salt particle group containing ?-sulfofatty acid alkyl ester salt particles (A) and a zeolite particle group-containing coating component (B) with which the particles (A) are coated, in which the zeolite particle group is a zeolite particle group (b1) having a mean particle size of equal to or greater than 0.8 ?m and less than 3.8 ?m.

Abstract: A liquid laundry detergent composition comprising; an anionic surfactant, wherein the anionic surfactant comprises linear alkylbenzene sulphonate; an ethoxylated alcohol non-ionic surfactant; greater than 5.5% by weight of the composition of water; wherein the weight ratio of total anionic surfactant:non-ionic surfactant is between 5:1 and 23:1; and wherein the weight ratio of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate:non-ionic surfactant is between 5:1 and 10:1; and wherein the weight ratio of total surfactant to water is between 3:1 to 20:1.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to textile care agents and to optically clear and transparent fabric softener formulations which also have a viscous consistency, containing a combination of special ester quats with nonionic emulsifiers and cationic thickeners, to the use of said textile care agents and fabric softener formulations. The present disclosure also relates to a method for washing textiles using said textile care agent and fabric softener formulations. The present disclosure relates to methods for producing the special ester quats, to the thus resulting ester quats and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transparent solid detergent containing (A) N-acyl acidic amino acid salt, (B) acylglycine salt and (C) polyvalent alcohol, at a proportion of (A) 4.5-5000 parts by weight and (C) 2.5-2400 parts by weight, per 1 part by weight of (B), which suppresses coloration by heating during production, is superior in preservation stability at low temperature and high temperature, is low irritant, and shows good sense of use.

Abstract: The invention relates to solid detergents for cleaning restaurant soils and methods of making and using the same. Embodiments of the invention can include solid cleaning compositions having an alkalinity source comprising an alkali metal carbonate, a surfactant system comprising an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, a water conditioning agent, and water. Embodiments of the invention can have a pH between about 7 and about 11, and are suitable for removing restaurant soils, including, synthetic grease, animal grease, and proteinaceous soils.

Abstract: The present application relates to cleaning and treatment compositions comprising a material that reduces foam and methods of making and using such material and compositions. Such compositions comprise benefit agents that typically impact the performance of antifoams yet in the present compositions antifoaming properties of antifoams are maintained.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid detergent composition for household or industrial use, of a branched or cross-linked polymer is obtained by polymerizing an aqueous solution of one or more monomers by water-in-oil reverse emulsion, at least one of the monomers used being an acrylic monomer and one or more of the monomers used being a monomer carrying at least one weak acid function. The molar percentage of monomers carrying at least one weak acid function relative to the totality of the monomers being used being at least 30%, characterized in that: i) the polymerization is carried out with a concentration of the totality of the monomers in aqueous solution being in the range 1.3 mmol to 3.6 mmol per gram of aqueous solution; ii) during the polymerization, at most 20% of the acid functions present on the monomers having at least one acid function are in the neutralized form.

Abstract: This invention relates to bis-azo colorants for use as bluing agents, laundry care compositions comprising bis-azo colorants that may serve as bluing agents, processes for making such bluing agents and laundry care compositions and methods of using the same. The bluing agents are generally comprised of at least two components: at least one chromophore component and at least one polymeric component. These bluing agents are advantageous in providing a whitening effect to fabrics, while not building up over time and causing undesirable blue discoloration to the treated fabrics.

Abstract: A fragrance-providing composition comprising particles of at least one of porous sodium sulfate and porous sodium carbonate, wherein the particles have a porosity of 0.4-0.6 and are entrained with fragrance oil. Also provided are laundry compositions comprising the entrained porous particles in combination with one or more laundry additives.

Abstract: An azeotropic-like composition containing 2-chloro-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is provided. The azeotropic-like composition according to the present invention is non-flammable, has little influence on the environment, and has substantially the same composition ratio in the liquid phase and the gas phase. By use of an azeotropic-like composition according to the present invention, a washing detergent, a solvent, a silicone solvent, a foaming agent, a coolant, a heating medium for a heat pump, and a high temperature working fluid that are non-flammable, have little influence on the environment, and have substantially the same composition ratio in a liquid phase and a gas phase thereof may be provided.

Abstract: The present application relates to compositions, such as, cleaning and treatment compositions comprising an antifoam and methods of making and using such compositions. Such compositions comprise benefit agents that typically impact the performance of antifoams yet in the present compositions antifoaming properties of antifoams are maintained.

Abstract: Cleaning fluids and methods for cleaning microfluidic channels are disclosed. The cleaning fluid includes surfactant coated magnetic particles, and the cleaning fluid may be guided into, through and out of the channels by using a magnetic field.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transparent or translucent, self-standing, automatic dishwashing gel, comprising a water-soluble C14-C22 fatty acid salt, at least 50 wt % liquid non-ionic surfactant, less than 15 wt % water, and optionally a polar organic solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an enzyme composition comprising enzyme containing polymer particles, which is useful for liquid laundry detergent compositions. In these enzyme containing particles, the particles comprise at least one enzyme, and at least one polymer, which is a hydrophobic modified polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel grain germination and malting apparatus and uses thereof. The apparatus comprises a 4-tank malting and seed germination system in which each tank performs steeping, germination and kilning, as it is moved along a 2-track rail. At the first station grain is hydrated, a process typically requiring four cycles of steeping with aeration followed by air rest. Germination is continued in the second and third stations, with aeration by water-saturated air. Germination typically takes a minimum three days, but depending on genotype and species, may take as much as eight days. Kilning is performed at station four, using fan-driven, electrically-heated air to dry and cure the malt.

Abstract: A method of treating a biobased feedstock derived from agricultural resources and specifically from the non-distillate products of fermentation-derived renewable fuel and distilled spirit processes. The separation of thermally labile components from biobased feedstocks result in materials that are thermally stable and better suited for subsequent melt processing in a polymer matrix.

Abstract: An alcoholic beverage containing ultrafine bubbles of hydrogen with an antioxidative function is provided that is produced by a reductive fermentation technique of alcohol and contains only a small amount of acetaldehyde. A method and an apparatus of oxidative-reductive fermentation of varieties of alcoholic beverages are provided based on facilitation of proliferation of microorganisms under an oxidative condition and a reductive fermentation technique. The reductive fermentation technique suppresses oxidative degradation of generated pyruvic acid, activate alcohol dehydrogenase, and facilitates production of alcohol from acetaldehyde which is an intermediate product, and a gas exchanging function of the ultrafine bubbles of hydrogen decreases acetaldehyde that remains in a period of alcohol fermentation. The technique facilitates fermentation, increases alcohol yield, decreases acetaldehyde content, and enhances fresh savor, mellow taste and an antioxidative function of an alcoholic beverage.

Abstract: According to present disclosure, there is disclosed an algae growth and cultivation system that provides a cost-efficient means of producing algae biomass as feedstock for algae-based products, such as, biofuel manufacture, and desirably impacts alternative/renewable energy production, nutrient recovery from waste streams, and valued byproducts production. The system as discussed herein is an integrated systems approach to wastewater treatment, algal strains selection for byproducts production, and recycle of algal-oil extraction waste or additional algae harvested as feedstock for fertilizer production. Embodiments of a system as discussed herein present an economically viable algae production system and process that allows algae-derived products such as biofuels, fertilizer, etc. to compete with petroleum products in the marketplace.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for the insertion of a pre-sterilized sensor probe into a sterile vessel. The system of the invention provides a reliable and straightforward way to insert one or more sterile probes into a sterile vessel. The present invention also provides a sterile vessel that includes one or more of the systems of the invention. The sterile vessel can be a flexible or semi-rigid bag or tubing of the type typically used for carrying out biochemical and/or biological processes and/or manipulating liquids and other products of such processes. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for aseptically inserting a probe into a sterile vessel where the method makes use of the system of the invention.

Abstract: A cell culture insert for use in culturing cells to promote the formation of spheroids and methods of using these spheroid-promoting cell culture inserts. The cell culture insert includes a porous membrane and one or more sidewalls that are non-adherent to cells and cause the cells in the insert to associate with each other and form spheroids.

Abstract: The apparatus includes: a pretreatment tank where biomass and a first acid solution are stirred to extract sugar components from the biomass; a hydrolysis tank where water is added to the pretreated mixture transferred from the pretreatment tank such that the concentration of the acid is reduced and the sugar components are hydrolyzed to produce an acid hydrolyzate; a first sugar-acid separation tank where the acid hydrolyzate is separated into a second acid solution and a first hydrolyzate; a second sugar-acid separation tank where the first hydrolyzate is separated into a third acid solution and a second hydrolyzate; a fermentation tank where the second hydrolyzate is fermented to produce bioenergy; and an acid solution concentration tank where a mixture of the second acid solution transferred from the first sugar-acid separation tank and the third acid solution transferred from the second sugar-acid separation tank is concentrated to a higher level for reuse.

Abstract: Acoustophoretic devices and methods for separating biological cells (particularly T-cells) from other fluids/materials using multi-dimensional acoustic standing waves are disclosed. The devices include an inlet, at least two outlets, and a flow chamber having an ultrasonic transducer-reflector pair. Specifically, T cells, B cells, or NK cells can be separated from other blood components. A dual-pass acoustophoretic system including two acoustophoretic devices arranged in series and fluidly connected to one another is also illustrated. Means for pre-chilling the mixture prior to separation in the devices or system can be used to improve retention, concentration, and clarification and to prevent outgassing.

Abstract: A cell culture device includes a container having a surface and a plurality of nano-bristles immobilized to the surface. The nano-bristles are made of styrene copolymer or oligopeptide. A method of partially detaching stem cells from a cell culture device includes: seeding stem cells onto the plurality of nano-bristles, culturing the stem cells, detaching a portion of the stem cells from the nano-bristles by a change in temperature or a shear force, and harvesting the portion of the stem cells.

Abstract: Methods of preserving and storing biological specimens, particularly anaerobe microorganisms are disclosed. A composition containing oxygen scavenging membrane fragments and a cryoprotectant is administered to the specimens. The specimens are then stored at a temperature that is lower than 0° C. and greater than ?70° C. Cryogenic freezing is not required.