Abstract: A multi-stage optical amplifier has an input port for receiving an optical signal and a relatively short erbium doped optical fiber is coupled to the input port. Complex costly pump feedback is not required as a constant non-varying saturation pump is configured to provide non varying output power pump light of a predetermined wavelength suitable for excitation and full saturation of the erbium ions such that a full population inversion occurs. The length of the short erbium doped fiber and rare earth doping concentration of the erbium doped fiber is such that when pumped by said pump provides amplification of the optical signal of less than 15 dB. Locating a gain flattening filter after the short erbium doped optical fiber provides a relatively flat amplified output signal. Multi-stages of similar short erbium doped fibers pumped and saturated by the same pump signal economically provide increased amplification of the signal and filters after each state flatten the gain.

Abstract: A multi-stage optical amplifier has an input port for receiving an optical signal and a relatively short erbium doped optical fiber is coupled to the input port. Complex costly pump feedback is not required as a constant non-varying saturation pump is configured to provide non varying output power pump light of a predetermined wavelength suitable for excitation and full saturation of the erbium ions such that a full population inversion occurs. The length of the short erbium doped fiber and rare earth doping concentration of the erbium doped fiber is such that when pumped by said pump provides amplification of the optical signal of less than 15 dB. Locating a gain flattening filter after the short erbium doped optical fiber provides a relatively flat amplified output signal. Multi-stages of similar short erbium doped fibers pumped and saturated by the same pump signal economically provide increased amplification of the signal and filters after each state flatten the gain.

Abstract: A hybrid optical source comprises an optical gain chip containing an optical gain material that provides an optical signal, and an optical reflector chip including an optical reflector. It also includes a semiconductor-on-insulator (SOI) chip, which comprises a semiconductor layer having a planarized surface facing the semiconductor reflector. The semiconductor layer includes: an optical coupler to redirect the optical signal to and from the planarized surface; and an optical waveguide to convey the optical signal from the optical coupler. While assembling these chips, a height of the optical gain material is referenced against the planarized surface of the semiconductor layer, a height of the optical reflector is referenced against the planarized surface of the semiconductor layer, and the optical reflector is aligned with the optical coupler, so that the optical signal emanating from the optical gain material is reflected by the optical reflector and into the optical coupler.

Abstract: A laser diode with an improved kink level in the L-I characteristic and capable of obtaining a stable high output in a horizontal transverse mode is provided. The laser diode includes an active layer made of nitride III-V compound semiconductor containing at least gallium (Ga) in 3B-group elements and at least nitrogen (N) in 5B-group elements, an n-type compound semiconductor layer provided on one of faces of the active layer, and a p-type compound semiconductor layer provided on the other face of the active layer. A region closest to the active layer, in the n-type compound semiconductor layer is a high-concentration region whose impurity concentration is higher than that of the other n-type regions.

Abstract: Provided is a laser device according to an embodiment of the inventive concept. The laser device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a germanium single crystal layer on the semiconductor substrate; and a pumping light source disposed on the germanium single crystal layer and configured to emit light toward the germanium single crystal layer, wherein the germanium single crystal layer receives the light to thereby output laser.

Abstract: A spark plug having a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a noble metal tip that is joined to a part of the ground electrode near one end of the ground electrode via a fused portion. The fused portion extends outward beyond an outer shape of the noble metal tip so that a part of the fused portion is present at each of positions that are located inward from and separated from both side edges of the ground electrode in a width direction of the ground electrode. The fused portion includes a fused protrusion that is located near at least one of two side edges of the noble metal tip in the width direction of the ground electrode and that protrudes in a direction away from the one end of the ground electrode.

Abstract: In order to transmit high frequency energy to a coupling circuit, if the high frequency energy is transmitted via a harness provided with a high-voltage cable, the loop in which the high frequency energy is conducted is long, and thus, noise occurring from the loop is increased. Thus, shielding is needed to be provided to the entire apparatus. The present invention has a structure in which: a high frequency energy supply circuit and a coupling circuit are connected by a connection member; and a housing having therein the high frequency energy supply circuit is integrated with a housing having therein the coupling circuit. Accordingly, the entire apparatus can be downsized and noise occurring from the loop can be reduced.

Abstract: A wire clearance apparatus is provided. The wire clearance apparatus includes a body. The body includes a clamp operable to releasably attach the body to a flange or rim of a panel housing. A pivoting member extends laterally from the body. The pivoting member includes a pivoting arm including a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end of the pivoting arm is connected to the body. The pivoting arm is operable to pivot about a longitudinal axis of the body. The distal end of the pivoting arm includes a hook.

Abstract: A cable management system including an elongate, flexible and length adjustable tubular conduit and a pair of mounting components to mount the elongate tubular conduit relative to a surface, one mounting component attaching a first end of the elongate conduit and a second mounting component attaching a second end of the elongate conduit, wherein together the tubular conduit and the mounting components define a body through which cables can extend and the tubular conduit is attachable and detachable as required from the mounting components used to mount the cable management system relative to the surface.

Abstract: A cable routing structure includes a plurality of cables that are superposed on one another and that are movable relatively to one another in length directions thereof, and a line length difference housing case that contains parts of the plurality of cables and is movable in a reciprocating direction. The line length difference housing case absorbs differences in line length among the plurality of cables generated in accordance with a moving position of the line length difference housing case.

Abstract: A support is provided for mounting an electrical box in an opening formed in a block. The support includes a planar body configured to be coupled to a first side wall of the electrical box. The body includes at least one side edge. The support further includes a flange coupled to the first side edge of the body and extends substantially perpendicular to a plane of the body. The flange is configured to contact an outer surface of the block and to orient an outer edge of the electrical box relative to the block. The support further includes a retention member that is coupled to the body. The retention member has an end. At least a portion of the retention member is movable from a first configuration to a second configuration in which the portion of the retention member is positioned away from the body and contacts the block.

Abstract: A synthetic cross arm is provided for use in structural support of conductors on utility poles in an electrical grid. The synthetic cross arm consists of a flexible housing and a cable positioned within a chamber of the flexible housing. The cable is configured to prevent pieces of the synthetic cross arm from separating, falling, or pulling down or breaking utility lines or adjacent cross arms upon a break to the synthetic cross arm. A collar is provided for connecting two cross arms in a horizontal position on a vertical utility pole. A cross arm assembly is provided that includes a collar and first and second cross arms connected thereto. The cross arm assembly is configured so that the first and second cross arms may flex, deform, and rebound, thus reducing or preventing damage to the cross arm assembly.

Abstract: An electrical penetrator assembly is shown, configured to feed electrical voltage and current through a wall separating a first volume and a second volume, which may have different pressure and/or may be filled with different fluids. The connector comprises a wall or partition having a through opening. An electrical conductor surrounded by a tubular insulator body passes the opening through the wall. A conductive or semi-conductive coating is arranged on the exterior of the insulator body, the coating surrounding the insulator body for a portion of its length, the coating in electrical contact with the wall, wherein the coated portion of the insulator body is shaped to displace the electric field around the conductor away from the wall and reduce the electric field strength around the insulator body by increasing the electric field strength inside the insulator body.

Abstract: A protection circuit includes a first sensor connecting path having a first overcurrent protection element and connecting one of terminals of a first temperature sensor to a sensor input circuit; a second sensor connecting path having a second overcurrent protection element and connecting one of terminals of a second temperature sensor to the sensor input circuit; a rectifying element connecting the first sensor connecting path, whose normal voltage is higher than a reference voltage line, to the reference voltage line in a section between the first overcurrent protection element and the sensor input circuit; and an overvoltage protection element connecting the second sensor connecting path, whose normal voltage is higher than the reference voltage line, to the reference voltage line in a section between the second overcurrent protection element and the sensor input circuit.

Abstract: An embodiment electronic circuit includes an electronic switch comprising a load path, and a control circuit configured to drive the electronic switch. The control circuit is configured to operate in one of at least two operation modes. The at least two operation modes comprise a first operation mode and a second operation mode. The control circuit, in the second operation mode, is configured to perform a set of basic functions and, in the first operation mode, is configured to perform the set of basic functions and at least one additional function. The at least one additional function comprises generating a first protection signal based on a current-time-characteristic of a load current of the electronic switch and driving the electronic switch based on the first protection signal.

Abstract: An embodiment electronic circuit includes an electronic switch comprising a load path, and a control circuit configured to drive the electronic switch and configured to operate in one of a first operation mode and a test mode. The control circuit comprises a test mode input and is configured to operate in the test mode based on a test signal received at the test mode input. The control circuit in the first operation mode is configured to generate a first protection signal based on a current-time-characteristic of a load current of the electronic switch and drive the electronic switch based on the first protection signal.

Abstract: An embodiment electronic circuit includes an electronic switch comprising a load path, and a control circuit configured to drive the electronic switch. The control circuit is configured to operate in one of a first operation mode and a second operation mode based at least on a level of a load current of the electronic switch. In the first operation mode the control circuit is configured to generate a first protection signal based on a current-time-characteristic of the load current and drive the electronic switch based on the first protection signal. The control circuit is configured to generate a status signal such that the status signal has a wakeup pulse when the operation mode changes from the second operation mode to the first operation mode and, after the wakeup pulse, a signal level representing a level of the load current.

Abstract: A transient voltage suppressing (TVS) integrated circuit includes an input output pin, a ground pin, a substrate, a first TVS die and a second TVS die. The substrate provides a common bus. The first TVS die is disposed on the substrate, and includes a first input output terminal and a first reference ground terminal. The second TVS die is disposed on the substrate and includes a second input output terminal and a second reference ground terminal. The second reference ground terminal is electrically coupled to the first reference ground terminal through the common bus, and the first input output terminal is coupled to the first input out pin, and the second input output terminal is coupled to a ground pin.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an electronic unit with a circuit board having at least one component arranged on a main surface of the circuit board and a casing element, which incorporates the at least one component, as well as with an ESD protection arrangement for the circuit board. According to the disclosure, open areas on the circuit board, which are not covered by the casing element, are covered with a gold layer directly mounted on a copper surface of the circuit board.

Abstract: A control system and hardware with a controllable input relay provides two different modes of operation—uninterruptable power supply (UPS) and mixed energy-AC support. For each operation mode, regulation of the DC-Link and neutral point balancing is guaranteed even for non-linear unsymmetrical AC loads. Moreover, in the mixed energy-AC support mode, unity power factor operation of AC input source, seamless zero current crossing, and very low total harmonic distortion (THD) is provided by the applied non-linear control algorithm. The system has a higher efficiency in comparison to other AC-DC-AC converters with smaller size and weight because of the elimination of the typical balancing circuit.

Abstract: Managing power feeds includes monitoring a waveform of a high-voltage power feed supplied to an electrical load to detect potential interruption of the high-voltage power feed and switching to another power feed to supply power to the electrical load in response to identifying the waveform pattern. Monitoring a waveform includes processing the waveform to determine if one or more waveform patterns are present in the waveform. A waveform pattern indicates, by its presence in a waveform of a power feed, a power event associated with the power feed, and some waveform patterns indicate potential interruption of the power feed. Switching to another power feed in response to determining potential interruption of the power feed based on waveform monitoring enables an uninterrupted power supply.

Abstract: A control system for a solar power plant includes: plural power conditioning systems performing grid connection control of transmission of electrical power generated by a solar power generator to a power grid; and a supervisory controller which issues a target output command to each power conditioning system so that interconnection point electrical power, electrical power fed to the power grid, becomes equal to or smaller than an upper limit output value. The supervisory controller: receives an urgent request including information related to a time of day at which the upper limit output value is scheduled to be changed and the scheduled upper limit output value; and calculates a target value of the interconnection point electrical power for each time of day so that the interconnection point electrical power conforms to the scheduled upper limit output value by the scheduled time of day.

Abstract: A protection method in a distributed power system including of DC power sources and multiple power modules which include inputs coupled to the DC power sources. The power modules include outputs coupled in series with one or more other power modules to form a serial string. An inverter is coupled to the serial string. The inverter converts power input from the string and produces output power. When the inverter stops production of the output power, each of the power modules is shut down and thereby the power input to the inverter is ceased.

Abstract: Provided are systems and methods for supplying electric power to removable storage compartments. The system includes an alignment body and a removable storage compartment. The alignment body is configured to align the storage compartment at a certain position, and includes a first conductive strip configured to be connected to ground, and a second conductive strip having positive voltage. The storage compartment includes at least a first and a second contact means. The first contact means is configured to be in contact with the first conductive strip, and the second contact means is configured to be in contact with the second conductive strip.

Abstract: A power distribution system includes at least two DC buses and at least two AC buses and a plurality of converter units interconnecting the DC buses and the AC buses in a ring. The system may further include one or more AC power sources (e.g., utility feeds, engine-generator sets, etc) connected to selected ones of the AC buses and/or one or more DC power sources (batteries, capacitor banks, fuel cells, etc.) connected to selected ones of the DC buses. The ring configuration can support a variety of AC and DC loads and provide redundancy and power distribution among the power sources.

Abstract: A wireless power transmitter is provided for power transmission to a wireless power receiver. The transmitter comprises a primary coil to transfer power to a secondary coil of the wireless power receiver, a power supply, a driver to provide an electric potential from the power supply to the primary coil, a monitoring system to measure electrical flow parameters of the primary coil, and to filter the measured electrical flow parameters thereby producing a response signal, and a controller to direct operation of the wireless power transmitter. The controller is configured to perform error checking by directing the driver to provide the electric potential as a superposition of a transmission signal and a sensing signal, the filter characteristics comprising electrical flow parameters of the and sensing signal, and detecting, based a difference between the response and sensing signals, an error condition indicative of a foreign object.

Abstract: A system includes: a robotic charging connector including: a temperature sensor configured to measure temperature data; a processor operably connected to the temperature sensor, the processor configured to use the temperature data to determine an appropriate charging current, wherein the processor is further configured to send an alert upon occurrence of a triggering condition; and a computer operably connected to the processor, the computer configured to control the robotic charging connector, the computer further configured to receive the alert.

Abstract: The electrochemical device includes a first stack of solid thin layers formed on a substrate, the first stack forming a battery and including: a first electrode and a second electrode separated by a first electrolyte layer, a first current collector in contact with the first electrode, a second current collector in contact with the second electrode. The device includes a second stack forming a thermometer. The second stack includes a third current collector and a fourth current collector separated by a second electrolyte layer forming a resistive layer, the second electrolyte layer being ionically dissociated from the first electrolyte layer. The device includes a control circuit configured to measure the resistance of the resistive layer.

Abstract: A method of controlling the connection of a multiple phase power source to a plurality of capacitors. The method including, for each phase of the power source, determining a first voltage using a first voltage divider, the first voltage divider having a first high voltage resistor and a first low voltage resistor, wherein the first voltage is equal to a voltage across the first low voltage resistor. The method further including, for each phase of the power source, determining a second voltage across using a second voltage divider, the second voltage divider having a second high voltage resistor and a second low voltage resistor, wherein the second voltage is equal to a voltage across the second low voltage resistor. The method further including, for each phase of the power source, generating a close signal when the difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is approximately zero.

Abstract: A charger terminal disclosed herein may include a first spring having one end fixed to a support structure; a bend extending from another end of the first spring and bending back at an angle of 90 degrees or more; and a second spring having one end extending from the bend, and another end configured capable of contacting the support structure. A charger configured to charge a battery pack disclosed herein may include the charger terminal. In the charger, the other end of the second spring may make contact with the support structure when the battery pack is set in the charger.

Abstract: A multi-cell battery pack charging system adjusts each battery cell's charging current to synchronize the completion of charge. The battery pack is charged as a whole, and need only be charged once, and without requiring charge shuttling, resistive charge balancing or inductive charge dumping. Charging current to each battery cell is based on voltage matching of the battery cells being charged, lower voltage battery cells being given more charge current until there is a voltage match to the other series connected battery cells. Additional charge may be given to higher capacity cells of the battery pack during the voltage matching and charging process.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a device is discussed, the device comprising: a battery, a battery charging circuit configured to allow direct charging of the battery by an external charger, a battery protection circuit configured to protect the battery from damage, coupled to the battery charging circuit; and a connector comprising: at least one sense wire coupled to the battery to sense battery voltage, and at least one wire coupled to the battery via the battery charging circuit and the battery protection circuit, configured to charge the battery.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a charge control method and device and an electronic device, applied in the electronic device, in which the electronic device includes a charging interface, a charging circuit and a battery coupled in series. The method includes: when a charging device is coupled with the charging interface, determining, by a charge control device, a charging mode supported by the charging device as the high voltage charging mode or the low voltage charging mode, in which a charging voltage of the high voltage charging mode is greater than a charging voltage of the low voltage charging mode, and controlling the charging circuit by the charge control device according to the charging mode supported by the charging device, such that the charging circuit charges the battery in the charging mode supported by the charging device.

Abstract: An electric vehicle that has: a DC power supply; an inverter; an inverter control circuit; a smoothing capacitor that is connected between input terminals of the inverter; a discharge circuit that discharges the smoothing capacitor; a control power supply that supplies electric power to the inverter control circuit; a holding capacitor that stores the electric power supplied from the control power supply and supplies the electric power to the inverter control circuit; and a collision detector that detects a collision of the vehicle. The collision detector transmits a first signal and a second signal that follows the first signal when detecting the collision. The inverter control circuit stops supplying the electric power to a switching element drive circuit when receiving the first signal. The inverter control circuit discharges the smoothing capacitor when receiving the second signal.

Abstract: A charging device configured to charge a plurality of electronic devices includes an electrical load management system configured to limit an inrush current. The system includes a plurality of switches coupled between a common alternating current power source and a plurality of electrical loads, each of the plurality of switches coupled to a respective one of the plurality of electrical loads, wherein each of the electrical loads includes one or more of the plurality of electronic devices, and a controller coupled to the plurality of switches, the controller configured to sequentially turn on each of the plurality of switches and apply power from the common power source to each of the plurality of electrical loads during non-overlapping time periods to limit the inrush current.

Abstract: Provided are a battery charging method and an electronic device. The electronic device includes a connector that includes a first terminal to which a voltage is applied by an external charger and a second terminal for transmitting and receiving data, and a first charging circuit configured to charge a battery of the electronic device by using the voltage applied to the first terminal. The first charging circuit may include a communication circuit configured to transmit information related to the battery through the second terminal, a voltage converter configured to convert a voltage supplied to the battery and a first controller circuit configured to obtain first information regarding a voltage of the battery, control the communication circuit to transmit the first information to a charger connected with the connector, and control the voltage converter to charge the battery using a voltage adjusted based on the first information by the charger, if the adjusted voltage is applied to the first terminal.

Abstract: An electronic system and a charging method are provided. The electronic system includes an electronic device and a charger. The charger is coupled to the electronic device. The electronic device senses a first state of the electronic device. The electronic device determines whether a value corresponding to the first state is greater than a first threshold. When the value corresponding to the first state is greater than the first threshold, the electronic device provides a first control signal, and the charger charges the electronic device by using a first mode according to the first control signal. When the value corresponding to the first state is not greater than the first threshold, the electronic device provides a second control signal, and the charger charges the electronic device by using a second mode according to the second control signal.

Abstract: The wireless charging device contains a mobile power member. The mobile power member contains a processor, a battery module, a temperature detection module, a magnetic detection module, an adjustable power conversion module, a wireless charging module, and a digital potentiometer. The processor is electrically connected to the battery module, the temperature detection module, the digital potentiometer, and the magnetic detection module. The digital potentiometer is electrically connected to the adjustable power conversion module. The adjustable power conversion module is electrically connected to the battery module and the wireless charging module.

Abstract: Embodiments provide focused wireless charging method and apparatus based on radio frequency receiving and phase compensation retransmission. The method is based on the reciprocity principle, making each charging signal transmitted by the external charging system could stack in-phase when arriving at the embedded rechargeable battery, realizing wireless near field focusing in any given area in an unknown complex inhomogeneous propagation environment and a high charging efficiency. The focused wireless charging technology based on radio frequency receiving and phase compensation retransmission in embodiments could realize in-phase stacking and precise focus of each wireless charging signal of the external system on the embedded batteries to be charged automatically under different propagation environment, different environment medium, and possible random offset of the rechargeable battery.

Abstract: A method is provided that includes identifying, by a power transferring unit, a power receiving unit in a proximity of the power transferring unit. The method further includes determining whether the power receiving unit is in a near field range or in a far range of the power transferring unit, receiving a power status from the power receiving unit and generating, in the power transferring unit and based on the power status information, a directed energy signal from a power transferring unit to the power receiving unit when the power receiving unit is within a far range of the power transmitting unit. The method includes generating, in the power transferring unit and based on the power status, an inductively coupled field that is resonant with the power receiving unit, when the power receiving unit is within at least a near field range of the power transferring unit.

Abstract: The present relates to a wireless power transmitter performing communication with a wireless power receiver, and a wireless power transfer method thereof. The wireless power transmitter includes a power conversion unit configured to transmit a wireless power signal transferred in a form of an energy field, such as an electric field, a magnetic field or an electromagnetic field, and a power transmission control unit configured to transfer power to the wireless power receiver using the wireless power signal, wherein the power transmission control unit is configured to control the power conversion unit to transmit a near-field communication (NFC) detection signal, other than the wireless power signal, when a preset condition is satisfied, and wherein the power transmission control unit controls the wireless conversion unit in a different manner according to whether or not a response signal to the NFC detection signal is detected.

Abstract: A control method of a wireless power receiving unit receiving charging power from a wireless power transmitting unit to perform wireless charging is provided. The control method includes receiving the charging power from the wireless power transmitting unit; detecting a change in a wireless charging environment; generating a signal indicating detection of the change in the wireless charging environment; and transmitting the signal indicating the detection of the change in the wireless charging environment to the wireless power transmitting unit.

Abstract: A wireless power transfer system comprising a wireless power transmitting apparatus and a plurality of wireless power receiving apparatuses, the wireless power transmitting apparatus comprising: a power transmitting unit adapted to transmit power to the wireless power receiving apparatus; a recognition unit adapted to recognize the wireless power receiving apparatus; and a transmitting unit adapted to transmit predetermined charging delay information according to a recognition result of the recognition unit to the wireless power receiving apparatus recognized by the recognition unit, and the wireless power receiving apparatus comprising: a power receiving unit adapted to receive power transmitted from the power transmitting unit; a receiving unit adapted to receive the predetermined charging delay information transmitted from the transmitting unit; and a display unit adapted to make a display based on the predetermined charging delay information received by the receiving unit.

Abstract: A generation control apparatus of a vehicle is provided. The apparatus includes a battery use amount detection unit that accumulates charge and discharge currents of a battery to detect a battery use amount and that stores the battery use amount in a memory Additionally, a battery state detection unit detects a state of the battery and a controller determines a target charge amount that corresponds to a state of the battery based on the battery use amount. The controller further operates a generator for charging the battery based on the target charge amount, when starting of the vehicle is turned on.

Abstract: A five-device-in-one solar-charging sun-visor foldable tiltable workstation comprises: an umbrella post, solar panels attached to the umbrella post, an electricity converter connected to the solar panels, a battery connected to the electricity converter for charging mobile devices, an electrical wire connected to the battery, a retractable extendable cable connected to the electrical wire, a spool rotationally connected to the retractable extendable cable, UBS connectors connected to the retractable extendable cable, an adjustable clamp attached to the umbrella post, having memory-stick and sunglass holders, a rotatable foldable tiltable table attached to the adjustable clamp, a foldable tiltable cup-holding system molded in the table for holding drinks in multiple angles, a waterproof transparent hooded pouch attached to the table for holding mobile devices in multiple angles while a user stands, sits, or swim in front of, or lays down under the pouch, and foldable tiltable sun-visors foldably hinged on the

Abstract: A solar charging system for a portable electronic device includes an electrical connector adapted to be removably coupled to an electrical interface of the portable electronic device. A rechargeable battery is electrically coupled to the electrical connector, and the rechargeable battery is adapted to store a stored electrical power. A solar panel is electrically coupled to the rechargeable battery such that the received electrical power is stored in the rechargeable battery as stored electrical power. When the electrical connector is electrically coupled to the electrical interface of the installed portable electronic device, stored electrical power is provided or conveyed to the portable electronic device. When the electrical connector is not electrically coupled to the electrical interface of the installed portable electronic device, the received electrical power is stored in the rechargeable battery as stored electrical power.

Abstract: A charger for an aerosol delivery device is provided. The charger comprises a housing, a connected coupled to the housing, and a power supply. The connector may be coupled to the housing and configured to engage a control body coupled or coupleable with a cartridge to form the aerosol delivery device. The power supply may comprise a supercapacitor within the housing, connected with the power source when the connector is engaged with the control body, and configured to provide power to recharge the power source. The power source may also comprise a photovoltaic cell coupled to the housing, and connected to and from which the supercapacitor is chargeable.

Abstract: A communication system that involves superimposing data over DC power. The data takes the form of high bitrate digital signals, where the bitrate is much higher than 0 Hz (DC); this separation allows the AC signal to be easily separated from the DC power. The physical system consists of a two conductor cable, and integration is modular, in that multiple slaves can be connected and disconnected to a master through a routing bus also comprising two conductors. The master can communicate bi-directionally with the slave(s), and the data is encoded using DC-balanced encoding in an FPGA. The data is sent to and from a differential signaling transmitter/receiver pairs at each end of the cable. The system is may be used with position sensors, and provides the benefit of reducing cable costs and sensor size due to the decrease in number of conductors and elimination of power components in the sensor.

Abstract: A power transmitter transfers power to a power receiver using a wireless power signal. The power transmitter comprises an inductor driven by a power signal generator to provide the power signal. A calibration controller determines whether a power loss calibration has been performed for the power transmitter and power receiver pairing. The calibration adapts an expected relationship between a received power indication provided by the power receiver and a transmitted power indication for the power transmitter. A power limiter restricts the power provided to the inductor to not exceed a threshold unless a power loss calibration has been performed for the pairing. The expected relationship may be used to detect unaccounted for power losses, e.g. due to foreign objects being present. The calibrated expected relationship may provide improved accuracy allowing accurate detection at higher power levels. At lower power levels such accuracy is not needed, and no calibration needs to be performed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless power supply system including a remote device capable of both transmitting and receiving power wirelessly. The remote device includes a self-driven synchronous rectifier. The wireless power supply system may also include a wireless power supply configured to enter an OFF state in which no power, or substantially no power, is drawn, and to wake from the OFF state in response to receiving power from a remote device.