Abstract: A fluid identification system comprising a plurality of particles, each particle encapsulating therein at least one tracer material having an identifiable DNA, the at least one tracer material being encapsulated by an encapsulation material, wherein the particles are adapted to retain the at least one tracer material in an encapsulated form after exposure of the particles to a temperature of at least 75° C. and/or a pressure of at least 1000 psi (6.9×106 N/m2).

Abstract: Systems, methods, and compositions for monitoring and analyzing nucleic acid hybridization state using L-DNA probes are described. The methods include adding L-DNA probes that can be fluorescently detected to a system including D-DNA. The L-DNA probes include primer, target, and antisense nucleotide sequences, and fluorescent dye compounds. The L-DNA probes are particularly useful for monitoring and analyzing various parameters during DNA amplification using the polymerase chain reaction.

Abstract: Provided are methods for determining if a cannabis sample comprises hemp or marijuana, or Cannabis sativa and/or Cannabis indica as well as primers and kits for use in the methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for enzymatic, genotyping of polymorphisms on solid supports. In some aspects the methods include ligation of allele or base specific interrogation probes to an array probe. The array probe is labeled by ligation of the interrogation probe. Ligation is dependent on the identity of the base immediately adjacent to the end of the array probe. In other aspects array bound probes are labeled by template dependent extension.

Abstract: A method for probing a target sequence of messenger ribonucleic acid molecules (mRNA's) in a fixed, permeabilized cell, said target sequence including at least 30 non-overlapping probe binding regions of 15-100 nucleotides, comprising immersing said cell in an excess of at least 30 nucleic acid hybridization probes, each singly labeled with the same fluorescent label and each containing a nucleic acid sequence that is complementary to a different probe binding region of said target sequence; washing said fixed cell to remove unbound probes; and detecting fluorescence from said probes.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for identifying any of the presence, location and phasing of methylated and/or hydroxymethylated cytosines in nucleic acids including long stretches of DNA. In some embodiments, the method may comprise reacting a first portion (aliquot) of a nucleic acid sample with a dioxygenase and optionally a glucosyltransferase in a reaction mixture containing the nucleic acid followed by a reaction with a cytidine deaminase to detect and optionally map 5mC in a DNA. Optionally, a second portion can be reacted with glucosyltransferase followed by reaction with a cytidine deaminase to detect and optionally map 5hmC in a DNA.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of nucleic acid sequence hybridisation comprising the steps of: a) hybridising one or more samples comprising nucleic acids containing a region of interest with at least one probe nucleic acid sequence; and b) adding to the samples a non-deoxy ribonucleic acid molecule, before or during step a). and use of non-deoxy ribonucleic molecules to block or mask a surface or to block or mask repetitive DNA sequences.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method for reducing amplification of non-template molecules in a nucleic acid sample. In certain embodiments, the method involves adding a helicase to a reaction mixture for non-helicase-dependent amplification of target nucleic acid.

Abstract: Methods, compositions and kits for capturing, detecting and quantifying mature small RNAs are provided herein. Embodiments of the methods comprise ligating 5? and 3? ligation adaptors to the 5? and 3? ends of the mature small RNAs, respectively, in the presence of 5? and 3? semi-degenerate ligation splints to generate a ligation product. Other embodiments comprise reverse transcribing polyadenylated mature small RNA with a universal reverse transcription primer and ligating an adaptor to the 3? end of the cDNA in the presence of a semi-degenerate ligation splint to generate a cDNA ligation product.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to methods for obtaining a sequence, such as a consensus sequence or a haplotype sequence. In certain embodiments, methods of the invention involve determining an amount of amplifiable nucleic acid present in a sample, partitioning the nucleic acid based upon results of the determining step such that each partitioned portion includes, on average, a subset of unique sequences, sequencing the nucleic acid to obtain sequence reads, and assembling a consensus sequence from the reads.

Abstract: Sequencing methods, devices, and systems are described. Arrays of nanoscale electronic elements comprising two electrodes separated by an insulating layer are used to provide sequence information about a template nucleic acid in a polymerase-template complex bound proximate to the insulating region. A sequencing reaction mixture comprising nucleotide analogs having impedance labels is introduced to the array of nanoscale electronic elements under conditions of polymerase mediated nucleic acid synthesis. The time sequence of incorporation of nucleotide analogs is determined by identifying the types of labels of the nucleotide analogs that are incorporated into the growing strand using measured impedance.

Abstract: Provided is a method for determining the risk of preterm labor in a pregnant female subject. The method comprises detecting the expression level of one or more markers selected from the group consisting of TMEM200A, TMEM108 and GXYLT2, in a sample derived from the pregnant female subject.

Abstract: A method for estimating whether a female is pregnant, said method comprising measuring allele presences (D) for a plurality of genetic markers of at least one chromosome, different from the X and Y chromosome, in a sample of cell-free DNA from a potentially pregnant female; each allele presence representing the presence at a genetic marker of at least one of: a reference allele of maternal or foetal origin, and an alternative allele of maternal or foetal origin; based on said measured allele presences, determining a homozygous fraction (Fho) thereof which is associated with purely homozygous genetic markers; and estimating whether the female is pregnant based on said fraction.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of treating a patient suffering from an IL-33-mediated disorder, such as asthma, comprising administering to the patient an IL-33 axis binding antagonist based on the genotype of the /L1RL1gene, the genotype of a polymorphism in genomic vicinity to the IL-33 gene, the expression level of periostin or the expression level of soluble ST2. The invention further relates to methods of determining whether a patient is at increased risk of an IL-33-mediated disorder, as well as methods of determining whether a patient suffering from such a disorder is likely to respond to a treatment comprising an IL-33 axis binding antagonist, based on the genotype of the /L1RL1gene the genotype of a polymorphism in genomic vicinity to the IL-33 gene, the expression level of periostin or the expression level of soluble ST2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems, devices, collections, techniques, and methods for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a subject in addition to methods of treatment. In particular, the present disclosure relates to systems, devices, collections, techniques, and methods that utilize direct sequencing of micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA) or the use of miRNA probes having ribonucleotide sequences that may undergo nucleic acid hybridization with complementary nucleic acids present in a biological sample from the subject. Hybridization of the miRNA probes may be detected in the sample to determine if the subject has an ASD. Upon detection of an ASD using the methods discussed herein, therapy guidance may be effectuated to the subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods based on genetic polymorphisms that are associated with autoinflammatory diseases such as psoriasis. For example, the present invention relates to nucleic acid molecules containing the polymorphisms, variant proteins encoded by these nucleic acid molecules, reagents for detecting the polymorphic nucleic acid molecules and variant proteins, and methods of using the nucleic acid molecules and proteins as well as methods of using reagents for their detection.

Abstract: A method for characterizing a gastro-intestinal disease in a subject involves comparing ratios of expression levels of genes in a biological sample from a subject to references, wherein the gastro-intestinal disease is characterized based on a difference in the ratios of the expression values of genes in the biological sample from the subject as compared to the references.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system and method for increasing the fidelity of measured genetic data, for making allele calls, and for determining the state of aneuploidy, in one or a small set of cells, or from fragmentary DNA, where a limited quantity of genetic data is available. Poorly or incorrectly measured base pairs, missing alleles and missing regions are reconstructed using expected similarities between the target genome and the genome of genetically related individuals. In accordance with one embodiment, incomplete genetic data from an embryonic cell are reconstructed at a plurality of loci using the more complete genetic data from a larger sample of diploid cells from one or both parents, with or without haploid genetic data from one or both parents. In another embodiment, the chromosome copy number can be determined from the measured genetic data, with or without genetic information from one or both parents.

Abstract: This disclosure is in the field of molecular biology and medical diagnosis and provides means and methods for determining the prognosis and disease outcome of a subject having a melanoma. More in particular, this disclosure provides a method for determining whether a subject having a melanoma has a poor prognosis, the method comprising the step of determining in a sample from the subject whether the LY75 promoter is methylated and if the LY75 promoter is methylated, classifying the subject as having a poor prognosis.

Abstract: Certain embodiments are directed to methods and composition for detecting the level of GFR?1 in cancers and treating same.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide compositions and methods for detecting cancers containing an NRG1 fusion event and treating a patient with a therapeutic agent that is targeted to the NRG1 fusion. Exemplary compositions for treating cancers containing the NRG1 fusion may comprise therapeutic agents inhibiting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and/or ERBB2 such as cetuximab, panitumumab, Sym004, MM-151, mAb 806, mAb 528, MEHD794A, gefitinib, erlotinib, lapatinib, afatinib, PD153035, AG1478, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab. In some embodiments, the therapeutic agent may be a combination of trastuzumab, and pertuzumab.

Abstract: We queried DNA from saliva or plasma of 93 HNSCC patients, searching for somatic mutations or human papillomavirus genes, collectively referred to as tumor DNA. When both plasma and saliva were tested, tumor DNA was detected in 96% (95% CI, 84% to 99%) of 47 patients. The fractions of patients with detectable tumor DNA in early- and late-stage disease were 100% (n=10) and 95% (n=37), respectively. Saliva is preferentially enriched for tumor DNA from the oral cavity, whereas plasma is preferentially enriched for tumor DNA from the other sites. Tumor DNA in the saliva and plasma is a valuable biomarker for detection of HNSCC.

Abstract: The invention provides, inter alia, methods of prognosing a subject with, or suspected of having, multiple myeloma. In certain embodiments, the methods entail testing the gene expression levels of enolase 1 (ENO1), fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5), thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 (TRIP13), transgelin 2 (TAGLN2), and replication factor C (activator 1) 4 (RFC4) in a biological sample isolated from the subject. The invention also provides methods of treatment for multiple myeloma, as well as kits, oligonucleotides, and systems for performing the methods provided by the invention.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and method for the detection of rare mutations and copy number variations in cell free polynucleotides. Generally, the systems and methods comprise sample preparation, or the extraction and isolation of cell free polynucleotide sequences from a bodily fluid; subsequent sequencing of cell free polynucleotides by techniques known in the art; and application of bioinformatics tools to detect rare mutations and copy number variations as compared to a reference. The systems and methods also may contain a database or collection of different rare mutations or copy number variation profiles of different diseases, to be used as additional references in aiding detection of rare mutations, copy number variation profiling or general genetic profiling of a disease.

Abstract: This invention concerns the discovery of two distinct PCA3 mRNA sequences. One of these sequences corresponds to a short PCA3 mRNA molecule whereas the other PCA3 RNA molecule is longer as it comprises an additional sequence between exon 3 and exon 4a. The short RNA is associated with prostate cancer whereas the long RNA sequence is associated with a non-malignant state of the prostate. Based on the differential expression levels of these two PCA3 RNA sequences, protocols for the diagnosis of prostate disease are provided. The invention also relates to therapeutic approaches to prostate cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are primers and probes for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the KRAS gene. These primers and probes may be used in a method of identifying the presence or absence of one or more SNPs in the KRAS gene. These primers and probes may also be used in a method of predicting a response of a subject in need thereof to a cancer therapy. The primers and probes may further be used in a method of selecting a cancer therapy for a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer using expression analysis of one or more groups of genes, and a combination of expression analysis with bronchoscopy. The methods of the invention provide far superior detection accuracy for lung cancer when compared to any other currently available method for lung cancer diagnostic or prognosis. The invention also provides methods of diagnosis and prognosis of other lung diseases, particularly in individuals who are exposed to air pollutants, such as cigarette or cigar smoke, smog, asbestos and the like air contaminants or pollutants.

Abstract: A method is presented for screening cells that produce allogeneic autophagosome enriched compositions able to induce expression of a selective marker on a subpopulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the method comprising contacting a cell with a proteasome inhibitor, contacting the cell with a lysosome inhibitor, harvesting the resulting autophagosomes, determining a molecular signature of the harvested autophagosomes, and selecting cells that divert one or more Toll-like receptor agonist and/or one or more molecular chaperones to the harvested autophagosomes. By screening for cells that divert one or more Toll-like receptor agonist and/or one or more molecular chaperones to the harvested autophagosomes, enriched populations of autophagosomes may be generated which may illicit a specific immune response against numerous cancer types.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, systems, and computer readable medium for detecting ploidy of chromosome segments or entire chromosomes, for detecting single nucleotide variants and for detecting both ploidy of chromosome segments and single nucleotide variants. In some aspects, the invention provides methods, systems, and computer readable medium for detecting cancer or a chromosomal abnormality in a gestating fetus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for recovering carbonate from steel slag, in which it is possible to extract carbonate from steel slag and reuse the extracted carbonate, and to recycle steel slag and make use of CO2 gas without emission to the atmosphere. Since unreacted metal ions and an acidic solvent are reused in the method and system, it is possible to increase carbonate extraction efficiency and reduce an amount of waste.

Abstract: The liquid steel slag (2) is poured in at least four successive layers (6-8), comprising a lowermost layer (6), an uppermost layer (7) and at least two intermediate layers (8), in a reservoir (3) and the layers of liquid steel slag are allowed to solidify. After having applied the uppermost layer (7), the solidified steel slag is cooled down more quickly by means of water. The average temperature of each of the intermediate layers (8) is kept at least until the start of the water cooling step, and this for at least one hour, above a minimum temperature which is equal to or higher than the temperature at which ?-dicalcium silicate is formed. In this way, more crystalline phases different from dicalcium silicates are formed so that the formation of fines by the transition of ? into ?-dicalcium silicates can be considerably reduced. A glassy material and/or a phosphorus containing compound is preferably added to the liquid slag to further reduce the formation of fines.

Abstract: A hot-stamping method may include a three-dimensional cooling mode in which, when a closed-section product placed in an upper mold and a lower mold that are coupled each other is heat-treated under control of a controller, an external cooling water direct spraying operation of directly spraying cooling water onto an external portion of the closed-section product is performed and, simultaneously, an internal cooling water direct spraying operation of directly spraying cooling water into an internal of the closed-section product is performed.

Abstract: A deformation-hardened component is made of galvanized steel by cutting a plate from a steel strip or steel sheet coated with zinc or with a zinc-based alloy and subsequently heating the plate to a deformation temperature above Ac3 for deformation and hardening. The galvanized steel has an at least partially martensitic transformation structure and includes as a chemical composition in wt. % C: 0.10-0.50, Si: 0.01-0.50, Mn: 0.50-2.50, P<0.02, S<0.01, N<0.01, Al: 0.015-0.100, B<0.004, remainder iron, including unavoidable smelting-induced, steel-accompanying elements. The chemical composition further includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, V, Ti, with a sum of the contents Nb+V+Ti being in a range of 0.01 to 0.20 wt. %. The structure of the steel after deformation-hardening has an average grain size of the former austenite grains of <15 ?m.

Abstract: The disclosure contains, in mass % or mass ppm: C: 0.005% or less, Si: 2.0% to 5.0%, Mn: 0.01% to 0.5%, sol.Al: 10 ppm or less, N: 15 ppm or less, S and Se: each 10 ppm or less, and three or more selected from Sn, Sb, Cr, P, Mo and B whose contents satisfy a relational expression of 0.16?[% Sn]+[% Sb]+[% Cr]+2×[% P]+[% Mo]+[% B]?0.50, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, where a number of times of repeated bending in a bend test is 10 or more.

Abstract: A steel pipe for fuel injection pipe has a tensile strength of 500 to 900 MPa and a yield ratio of 0.50 to 0.85, and has a critical internal pressure (IP) satisfying [IP?0.41×TS×?] (?=[(D/d)2?1]/[0.776×(D/d)2], where TS: tensile strength (MPa) of the steel pipe, D: steel pipe outer diameter (mm), and d: steel pipe inner diameter (mm)), wherein a circumferential-direction residual stress on an inner surface of the pipe is ?20 MPa or lower after the steel pipe is split in half in a pipe axis direction.

Abstract: The disclosure provides downhole tools with shaft regions that are hardened by a compressive residual stress created when an allotropic material in a precursor region transforms from a first allotrope to a second allotrope in response to heat, while continuing to occupy the same physical space. The disclosure further provides methods of forming such downhole tools.

Abstract: A method, performed by a centrifuge, for treating toughness and hardness of drill bit buttons is provided. The centrifuge comprises a chamber formed by a stationary side wall and a bottom which is rotatable around a rotation axis, the bottom comprising one or more protrusions which at least partly extends between the rotation axis and the side wall, the side wall comprising at least six pushing elements arranged around a periphery of the side wall. The method comprises rotating, by rotation of the bottom with the protrusions, the drill bit buttons around the rotation axis, pushing, by the pushing elements, the drill bit buttons from the side wall during the rotation of the bottom, collectively forming the drill bit buttons into a torus shape at the bottom of the chamber for inducing collisions between the drill bit buttons, thereby treating the toughness and hardness of the drill bit.

Abstract: A heat-treated steel sheet member having a chemical including, by mass %: C: 0.05 to 0.50%; Si: 0.50 to 5.0%; Mn: 1.5 to 4.0%; P: 0.05% or less; S: 0.05% or less; N: 0.01% or less; Ti: 0.01 to 0.10%; B: 0.0005 to 0.010%; Cr: optional amounts of Ni, Cu, Mo, V, Ca, Al, Nb, and REM, with the balance: Fe and impurities. The steel sheet member has a microstructure comprising: mainly martensite; and retained austenite of which a volume ratio is 5.0% or higher, a number density of retained carbide in the steel sheet member having circle-equivalent diameters of 0.1 mm or larger is 4.0×103/mm2 or lower, [(log fg0?log fg(0.02))/0.02<20.0] is satisfied when mechanical properties are measured using a sheet specimen specified in ASTM E8, a tensile strength is 1.4 GPa or higher, and a total elongation is 8.0% or higher.

Abstract: Provided are a ferritic stainless steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the steel sheet. The ferritic stainless steel sheet according to the present invention has a chemical composition containing, by mass %, C: 0.005% to 0.025%, Si: 0.02% to 0.50%, Mn: 0.55% to 1.00%, P: 0.04% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.001% to 0.10%, Cr: 15.5% to 18.0%, Ni: 0.1% to 1.0%, N: 0.005% to 0.025%, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, an elongation after fracture of 28% or more, an average r-value of 0.75 or more, and a minimum value of maximum logarithmic strain at the forming limit, which is, determined on the basis of a forming limit diagram (FLD), of 0.15 or more.

Abstract: A method of estimating an unknown solvus for a phase of a given alloy includes providing empirical data of a plurality of alloys from an alloy class, the empirical data at least including chemical compositions, heating rates, cooling rates and alloy solvus temperatures of the plurality of alloys, providing an alloy chemical composition, a selected heating rate and a selected cooling rate of another alloy from the alloy class that has an unknown solvus temperature, estimating the unknown solvus temperature based upon the empirical data to provide an estimated solvus temperature of the alloy, and establishing a solution heat treatment temperature corresponding to the estimated solvus temperature at which to treat a component that includes the alloy.

Abstract: A process for recovering non-ferrous metals from a solid matrix may include: (a) leaching the solid matrix with an aqueous-based solution containing chloride ions, ammonium ions, and Cu2+ ions, having a pH of 6.5-8.5, in a presence of oxygen, at a temperature of 100° C.-160° C. and a pressure of 150 kPa-800 kPa, so as to obtain an extraction solution comprising leached metals and solid leaching residue; (b) separating the solid leaching residue from the extraction solution; and/or (c) subjecting the extraction solution to at least one cementation so as to recover the leached metals in elemental state. The pH may be greater than or equal to 6.5 and less than or equal to 8.5. Temperature may be greater than or equal to 100° C. and less than or equal to 160° C. Pressure may be greater than or equal to 150 kPa and less than or equal to 800 kPa.

Abstract: A method for the pyrometallurgical processing of a sulphide material containing copper, the sulphide containing relatively high quantities of silica and relatively low quantities of iron, wherein the process comprises feeding the sulphide material to a TSL furnace operated under oxidising conditions such that the sulphide material forms blister copper containing between 1.2 and 1.5 wt % sulphur and a slag containing between 7 and 13 wt % copper.

Abstract: Novel methods of recovering neodymium and related rare earth elements from permanent magnets of various compositions are described. The methods employ processing steps including converting the magnet material to a higher surface area form such as a powder, treating the mixture with alkaline solutions to form product concentrated in neodymium and rare earth metals. Inexpensive materials such as ammonia, ammonium carbonate, carbon dioxide, water are recycled in a process that uses moderate temperatures, pressures and non-corrosive and environmentally-friendly chemicals.

Abstract: This invention relates to metal composites and to metal-alloy composites. Metal-alloy composites of this invention comprise a metal alloy and layered inorganic nanostructures or nanoparticles such as nanotubes, nanoscrolls, spherical or quasi-spherical nanoparticles, nano-platelets or combinations thereof. Methods of producing the metal composites and the metal-alloy composites are demonstrated. The layered inorganic nanostructure serves as a strengthening phase. The layered inorganic nanostructure provides reinforcement to the metal alloy.

Abstract: A grey gold alloy which is nickel-free, cobalt-free, iron-free, silver-free, zirconium-free, niobium-free, chromium-free, indium-free, gallium-free and manganese-free and includes, expressed in weight percent, from 75.0 to 76.5% of Au, from 15 to 23% of Pd, from 1 to 7% of Cu, and from 0 to 5% of at least one of the alloying elements Ir, Ru, B and Re, the respective percentages of all the elements of the alloy adding up to 100%.

Abstract: A copper alloy for an electronic and electric device is provided. The copper alloy includes: Mg in a range of 0.15 mass % or more and less than 0.35 mass %; and a Cu balance including inevitable impurities, wherein the electrical conductivity of the copper alloy is more than 75% IACS, and a yield ratio YS/TS, which is calculated from strength TS in a tensile test performed in a direction parallel to a rolling direction and 0.2% yield strength YS, is more than 88%. The copper alloy may further include P in a range of 0.0005 mass % or more and less than 0.01 mass %.

Abstract: New 3xx aluminum casting alloys are disclosed. The aluminum casting alloys generally include from 6.5 to 11.0 wt. % Si, from 0.20 to 0.80 wt. % Mg, from 0.05 to 0.50 wt. % Cu, from 0.10 to 0.80 wt. % Mn, from 0.005 to 0.05 wt. % Sr, up to 0.25 wt. % Ti, up to 0.30 wt. % Fe, and up to 0.20 wt. % Zn, the balance being aluminum and impurities.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy wire, an aluminum alloy twisted wire, a covered wire, and a wiring harness, which are excellent in impact strength when a terminal fitting is connected. An aluminum alloy wire contains 0.03% or more and 1.5% or less by mass of Mg, 0.02% or more and 2.0% or less by mass of Si, and 0.1% or more and 0.6% or less by mass of Fe, with the balance consisting of Al and impurities; the wire containing acicular-shaped Mg2Si precipitates of 2.0 to 6.0 in aspect ratio. Further, provided are an aluminum alloy twisted wire containing a plurality of the aluminum alloy wires; a covered wire containing a conductor containing the aluminum alloy wire, and an insulation coating covering the outer circumference of the conductor; and a wiring harness containing a terminal fitting attached to the conductor of the covered wire.

Abstract: The present invention, in an embodiment, is cast product in the form of an aluminum alloy strip. The aluminum alloy strip includes 4 wt. % to 28 wt. % zinc and a variation of a weight percent of the zinc is 15% or less between a surface and a thickness center of the aluminum alloy strip.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an aluminum alloy for an insert ring, an aluminum insert ring using the same, and a piston manufacturing method using the same, and, particularly, are an insert ring manufactured to have high strength and abrasion resistance and reduce its weight by adjusting aluminum alloy components, and a method of manufacturing a piston having high bonding properties to the insert ring through the same.