Abstract: A photon counting detector is provided for electrometric waves having a wide wavelength range, such as X-rays, gamma rays, and excited weak fluorescence, by use of a common detecting structure. The detector includes an optical connecting part opposed to an emission surface of a columnar-body array and can adjust a spreading range of light emitted from an emission end face of each of a plurality of columnar bodies. The detector also includes a group of APD (avalanche photodiode) clusters opposed to the emission surface via the optical connecting part. In the group of APD clusters, N×N (N is a positive integer of 2 or more) APDs each having a light receiving face are arranged two-dimensionally and the output signals from the N×N APDs are combined by a wired logical addition circuit so as to form an APD cluster serving as one pixel. A plurality of such clusters are arranged two-dimensionally.

Abstract: Detectors, a system and a method for detecting ionizing radiation are provided. In some aspects, a detector includes a first layer comprising a first conducting material, and a second layer comprising a second conducting material, wherein at least one of the first layer and second layer is configured to produce secondary particles upon irradiation by an ionizing radiation. The detector also includes a separating layer positioned between the first and second layer configured to transport therebetween at least one of charges associated with the secondary particles and charges produced by the secondary particles, wherein an electric current generated by the charges, and collected between the first and second layer, is indicative of properties the ionizing radiation.

Abstract: An air gun for use in generating seismic energy impulses operable at pressures below 1000 psi that reduces high frequencies and cavitation around the discharge of the air gun in order to mitigate damage to the marine environment, the air gun providing a sliding seal at the firing piston, an extension of port widths beyond the diameter of the firing piston and capability to control the speed of the shuttle assembly to reduce and eliminate some of the possible causes of the objectionable high frequencies and cavitation.

Abstract: A method and system comprising: an optoelectronic oscillator comprising a light generator, a modulator, and at least one optical fiber, the optoelectronic oscillator operating to send a modulated carrier signal through the optical fiber into a target area and receive the return signal; a circuit for removal of the carrier frequency operatively connected to the oscillator comprising at least one phase shifter; at least one mixer operatively connected to the at least one phase shifter; at least control circuit operatively connected the at least one mixer and the at least one phase shifter for controlling the phase shifter and operating to cancel signals other than the sideband signals; a signal processor for processing the sideband signals to detect acoustical and/or vibrational signals from the target area. The method comprises sensing vibrational and/or acoustical signals for detection of acoustical and/or vibrational signals in the target area.

Abstract: A technique includes receiving data indicative of a first measurement acquired by a rotation sensor on a seismic streamer and based on the first measurement, estimating a torque noise present in a measurement acquired by a second sensor on the streamer. The technique includes attenuating the torque noise based on the estimate.

Abstract: Embodiments of real-time infill in marine seismic surveys using an independent seismic source are described. One method of seismic data acquisition includes acquiring primary seismic data at a plurality of streamers towed by an acquisition vessel based at least in part on energy emitted by a first seismic source, and towing an independent seismic source to acquire infill seismic data at the plurality of streamers based at least in part on energy emitted by the independent seismic source while the primary seismic data is still being acquired at the plurality of streamers based at least in part on the energy emitted by the first seismic source, wherein the independent seismic source is towed independently of the acquisition vessel.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for enabling anti-twist functionality in marine geophysical streamers. An embodiment discloses a method comprising: towing a streamer behind a survey vessel in a body of water, wherein the streamer comprises rotation sensors and streamer rotation devices; receiving data from at least one rotation sensor indicative of streamer twist; and rotating a portion of the streamer with at least one streamer rotation device to reduce the streamer twist based, at least in part on the data.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a method and apparatus of determining stiffness coefficients of formation, wherein the method comprising: setting up a relation of stiffness coefficients of formation C11 and C33, C44, C66 based on stiffness coefficients of a formation core sample; computing clay content of formation along depth continuously based on formation logging information; computing the stiffness coefficient of formation C33 along depth continuously based on a P-wave velocity and a volume density of the formation; computing the stiffness coefficient of formation C44 along depth continuously based on a S-wave velocity and a volume density of the formation; and then computing the stiffness coefficients of formation C11 and C66 along depth continuously based on the calculations above, the relation of stiffness coefficients of formation C11 and C33, C44, C66, and a relation of an anisotropy coefficient of the P-wave of the formation and its clay content or a relation of an anisotropy coefficient of the S-wav

Abstract: Systems and methods for shielding a metal detector head include placement of conductive shielding around the coils of the head to reduce the effects of capacitance variation between the coils and their surroundings.

Abstract: A device for detecting objects such as mines placed in a zone to be explored, the device being placed on a vehicle moving at a velocity V and including a panel on which a radiation set is arranged to transmit signals at an illumination frequency and to receive signals reflected from the zone, and a processing circuit to provide information about the presence of the objects after processing of the reflected signals, wherein the radiation set includes an alignment of antennas arranged transverse to the velocity V of displacement of the vehicle.

Abstract: Buried object locators including an omnidirectional antenna array and a gradient array are disclosed. A locator display may include information associated with a buried object based on both omnidirectional antenna array signals and gradient antenna array signals.

Abstract: An example system includes an electrode-based tool for deployment in a downhole environment. The electrode-based tool has a plurality of current electrodes, at least one voltage monitoring electrode, at least one return electrode, and electronics to collect one or more voltage measurements from the at least one voltage monitoring electrode as current from at least one of the plurality of current electrodes is injected into the downhole environment and flows to the at least one return electrode. The system also includes at least one processor to estimate leakage current between at least one of the plurality of current electrodes and the at least one return electrode based on the collected one or more voltage measurements and a predetermined internal impedance model or table. The at least one processor is configured to derive a corrected downhole environment parameter based at least in part on the estimated leakage current.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for characterizing samples containing a plurality of molecular species through the use of multi-dimensional spectra obtained by processing of measurements resulting from pulse sequences combining NMR spectroscopy and NMR relaxation techniques.

Abstract: A method of operating a radiographic inspection system is disclosed for a system in which a conveyor chain with identical modular chain segments transports articles under inspection. Two operating modes of the radiographic inspection system includes a calibration mode in which calibration data characterizing the radiographic inspection system with an empty conveyor chain are generated; and an inspection mode in which raw image data of articles under inspection with the background of the conveyor chain are acquired and arithmetically processed with calibration data into a clearer output image, without the interfering background of the conveyor chain.

Abstract: A method and system for environmental monitoring of logging-while-drilling (LWD) components. In one embodiment the system includes a formation sensor configured to generate a signal related to a property of a surrounding rock formation, and a first environmental sensor fastened to the formation sensor and configured to generate a signal related to a first environmental condition experienced by the first environmental sensor. The formation sensor and first environmental sensor may be contained in a package of an LWD tool.

Abstract: Tools, methods and systems for detecting and reporting the presence of an obstruction to an AC system of the present disclosure are able to detect the presence of the obstruction using one or more sensors connected to the air conditioning unit and displaying an alert on the computer system of the AC system when the sensors detect the presence of the obstruction. By displaying an alert at the computer system's output device, the presence of the obstruction is brought to the user's attention, allowing the user to take remedial action as needed before initiating the air conditioning system into operation, preventing the obstruction from harming the components of AC system if the system was initiated while the obstruction was still present. Additionally, the AC system may further disable or prevent the operation and initiation of itself when the sensors of the air conditioning system detect the presence of an obstruction.

Abstract: A dynamic signal to noise ratio tracking system enables detection and tracking of amusement park equipment within the field of view of the tracking system. The tracking system may include an emitter configured to emit electromagnetic radiation within an area, a detector configured to detect electromagnetic radiation reflected back from vehicles within the area, and a control unit configured to evaluate signals from the detector to survey the amusement park equipment to determine whether the equipment has degraded or shifted.

Abstract: A sensor comprising a thin film photovoltaic pixel is fitted with optics to provide a field-of-view for the sensing of persons, or other objects, entering or exiting said field-of-view. When a person enters the field-of-view, a processor may sense such entry, then provide signals to other electronic apparatus indicative of such an event.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for measuring X-ray energy of an accelerator in an inspection system. the method comprises: building a database comprising correspondence between half-value layer (HVL) and energy under a predetermined condition; measuring HVL for X-rays of the accelerator in the inspection system on line under the same predetermined condition; and comparing the measured HVL with the HVLs in the database comprising correspondence between HVL and energy to determine the X-ray energy of the accelerator. The method is applicable to a large-scale container/vehicle inspection system for measurement of X-ray energy/HVL of the accelerator so as to acquire source state of the inspection system in real time.

Abstract: A transparent substrate with a multilayer anti-glare coating includes a transparent substrate; a first coating layer formed on the transparent substrate and being formed of a first dielectric layer having a refractive index of n1; a second coating layer formed on the first coating layer and being formed of a metal oxide layer having a refractive index of n2; a third coating layer formed on the second coating layer and being formed of a second dielectric layer having a refractive index of n3; and a fourth coating layer formed on the third coating layer and being formed of a third dielectric layer having a refractive index of n4. The refractive indexes of the coating layers satisfy: n1=n3>n2>n4.

Abstract: A polarizing plate of the present invention includes polarizing plate protective film(s) on one or both sides of a polarizer, wherein the polarizing plate protective film contains a compound represented by general formula (I) or (II) described below, the polarizer contains iodine, and the content of the iodine within the polarizer is 4.0 wt % or greater.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel to display an image; a window covering the display panel, and including a display area through which the image is to be transmitted, and a non-display area surrounding the display area, the window including: a window base opposite the display panel; a printing layer below the window base; and a light-path changing layer between the window base and the printing layer, the light-path changing layer including: an optical structure; and a resin coating the optical structure; and an adhesive layer between the display panel and the window.

Abstract: A method, apparatus for making, and a retroreflective traffic sign consists of a polymeric film having a front face and a rear face, wherein the rear face has a pattern of microprismatic retroreflective elements integrally formed as part of said film; a pattern of cell walls formed of an adhesive-containing polymer defining cells in which the microprismatic retroreflective elements are in the cells; and a substrate is adhered directly to the cell walls formed of the adhesive-containing polymer while leaving an air gap between the microprismatic retroreflective elements and the substrate in the cells.

Abstract: An optical element is disclosed. The optical element comprises: a first phase shift mask formed on a first optical material and constituted to generate a positive phase shift, and a second phase shift mask formed on a second optical material and constituted to generate a negative phase shift, wherein the phase shift masks are arranged serially on an optical axis, and wherein a refractive index of at least one of the first and second optical materials varies with the temperature at a rate of at least 50×10?6 per degree Kelvin.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode display may have an active area that contains pixels and an inactive area. The inactive area of the display may be provided with opaque masking layer structures having an appearance that matches the active area of the display when the pixels are off and are not displaying images. The opaque masking layer structures may include a polymer layer coated with a layer of metal. The display may have pixels with anodes and a cathode layer. The anodes may be formed from metal pads. Dummy structures such as a dummy cathode and dummy anodes may be formed in the inactive area. A circular polarizer in the display may overlap the active area and the inactive area or may overlap the active area without overlapping some or all of the inactive area.

Abstract: In a plurality of asymmetric color-shifting flakes, each flake has an asymmetric magnetic core with a magnetic layer visible on the first side of the core and a non-magnetic reflector layer on the magnetic layer, visible on the second side of the core. The flake has a spacer layer and an absorber layer on the first side of the core, and also a spacer layer and an absorber layer on the second side of the core, for providing color shifting effects. The material of the magnetic layer is different from the material of the reflector layer, and may be more stable when exposed to a chemical. When a coating with the asymmetric color-shifting flakes is exposed to the chemical, it may have better optical performance than a coating with symmetric color-shifting flakes.

Abstract: Provided is a polarization state converting element including a plurality of waveplates, and a rotation mechanism that rotates the respective waveplates independently of one another around an optical axis. The waveplates are each configured by a substrate made of a material having no optical rotatory property but having birefringence, or are each made of a material having neither optical rotatory property nor birefringence, but having transparency, a function of phase delay depending on polarization being applied on a surface of each waveplate.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel and a backlight unit. The backlight unit includes a light source emitting a first color light, a light guide member, quantum dots, and a dichroic filter preventing the first color light from being leaked.

Abstract: A light source device including a light guide plate which has notches formed at edge parts thereof and emits light from one surface thereof, the light having entered a side face of the light guide plate, and a reflection sheet member which is disposed to face the light guide plate and has concave parts corresponding to the notches at edge parts thereof is disclosed. And the light source device is provided with edge part frame members on the edge part side of the one surface of the light guide plate at an interval in an emitting direction of light from the one surface, and the entirety of light amount at the edge parts of the light guide plate is increased by reflecting the light emitted from the edge parts of the one surface of the light guide plate to the one surface.

Abstract: A light guide plate includes a diffusing surface that diffuses incident light having a concave cylindrical surface shape with curvature in a first direction, and an exit surface having a convex cylindrical surface shape with curvature in the first direction. The light guide plate is constituted such that a pattern provided behind the diffusing surface is visible from the exit surface side. The light guide plate has an incident surface on at least one end of the light guide plate in the first direction, and prisms that are formed in the diffusing surface and reflect visible light from a light source that enters the light guide plate from the incident surface toward the exit surface. Each prism has a reflecting surface oriented toward the incident surface side, and an angle between the reflecting surface and the diffusing surface increases, the further the prism is from the incident surface.

Abstract: A light-emitting device of the present disclosure includes: a first light-guiding plate having a first light incidence surface and a first light emission enhancement surface provided with a first pattern; and a second light-guiding plate having a second light incidence surface and a second light emission enhancement surface provided with a second pattern.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes an excitation light source that outputs excitation light; a light-emitting device including a photoluminescent layer that receives the excitation light and emits light including first light having a wavelength ?a in air, and a light-transmissive layer located on or near the photoluminescent layer; and an optical shutter on an optical path of the light emitted from the photoluminescent layer. A surface structure is defined on at least one of the photoluminescent layer and the light-transmissive layer, and the surface structure has projections or recesses or both and limits a directional angle of the first light having the wavelength ?a in air.

Abstract: An assembly includes a light guide having a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end has a light-emitting diode package coupled thereto. The assembly may include another light guide, also having a proximal end and a distal end, with a light-emitting diode package coupled to the proximal end. A light housing may be included that defines a cavity therein, wherein at least a portion of the first and second light guides including the distal ends are disposed in the cavity. Further, a dial face may be included that is disposed adjacent to the first and second light guides and the light housing, wherein each of the first and second light guides are configured to illuminate the dial face. In some variations, flexible printed circuit boards are attached to and electrically connected with the light-emitting diode packages.

Abstract: A light source device and a display device capable of preventing a problem of torsion occurring in a back chassis due to an unevenness in a temperature distribution are provided. In a light source device including: a light guide plate that outputs light incident from one side face from one face; a light source that is arranged on the one side face side of the light guide plate; and a back chassis that has a bottom arranged to face the other face of the light guide plate, by forming a reflection film reflecting light incident from the light guide plate to the light guide plate in a heat absorption plate portion that is arranged between the light guide plate and the bottom of the back chassis and absorbs heat emitted from the light source, the heat absorption plate portion absorbs heat generated from the light source and achieves the role of a reflection sheet.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a display component of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), wherein the display component is assembled with a mainboard of a mobile terminal for use. The display component includes: a rubber frame, arranged on an LCD; an adhesion material, arranged in the rubber frame; a lamp strip of which two sides are provided with Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps, a circuit for controlling the LED lamps and a conductor for connecting the circuit with the mainboard of the mobile terminal being further arranged on the lamp strip; and a light guide plate, arranged between the LED lamps in the rubber frame. By the technical solutions, the technical problems of influence of sandwiching of the light guide plate between the LCD and a Capacitive Touch Panel (CTP) on a lamination process and bright lines in an area close to characters of the whole screen are solved, lamination yield of the LCD and the CTP is improved, and the bright lines in the area close to the characters of the whole screen are eliminated.

Abstract: A display device includes: a lower frame having a planar shape, where a first groove is defined in an edge of the lower frame; a first intermediate frame coupled to the lower frame to define an accommodating space, where the first intermediate frame includes a side wall portion on an edge of the lower frame; a first adhesive member on the first groove, where the first adhesive member fixes the first intermediate frame to the lower frame; a second intermediate frame on the first intermediate frame; a display panel on an upper surface of the second intermediate frame; and a second adhesive member on the upper surface of the second intermediate frame, where the second adhesive member fixes the display panel to the second intermediate frame.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel which generates and display an image with light, the display panel curved at a first mean curvature with respect to a bending axis and defining a display surface thereof at which the image is displayed; a backlight unit includes a light source which generates the light, and a curved light guide plate which receives the light from the light source and provides the received light to the display panel, the light guide plate; and a protection member in which the backlight unit is accommodated, the protection member curved at a second mean curvature with respect to the bending axis, the second mean curvature being different from the first mean curvature.

Abstract: An optical fiber containing alkali metal elements or the like in which Rayleigh scattering loss can be reduced is provided. An optical fiber includes a core composed of silica glass and a cladding which surrounds the core, has a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the core, and is composed of silica glass containing fluorine. The core contains a first group of dopants and a second group of dopants having a diffusion coefficient lower than a diffusion coefficient of the first group of dopants. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of residual stress in the optical fiber is 150 MPa or less.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a CMCF including a structure to achieve more efficient reduction in transmission loss by suppressing decrease in concentration of alkali metal due to diffusion of alkali metal. In the CMCF including a plurality of cores, a power coupling coefficient h between adjacent cores is set to 1×10?3/m or more, to maintain an optical coupling state between the adjacent cores. In addition, alkali metal contributing to reduction in transmission loss is added to each of the cores such that a stress maximum value ?_max between adjacent cores has a negative value.

Abstract: An MCF of the present embodiment has eight or more cores. A diameter of a common cladding is not more than 126 ?m. Optical characteristics of each core are as follows: a TL at a predetermined wavelength of 1310 nm is not more than 0.4 dB/km; an MFD at the predetermined wavelength is from 8.0 ?m to 10.1 ?m; a BL in a BR of not less than 5 mm or in the BR of not less than 3 mm and, less than 5 mm is not more than 0.25 dB/turn at the predetermined wavelength; ?0 is from 1300 nm to 1324 nm; ?cc is not more than 1260 nm; an XT or XTs at the predetermined wavelength is not more than 0.001/km.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to an MCF having a low transmission loss and having a structure for reducing a transmission loss and effectively suppressing an inter-core XT. The uncoupled MCF includes alkali metal having a predetermined concentration in which each of a plurality of cores contributes to reduction in the transmission loss, and a core pitch is set so that a sum h_total of power coupling coefficients of a specific core and the remaining all cores of the plurality of cores is 2.3×10?4/km or less.

Abstract: A laser or nonlinear optical waveguide is presented that is formed from a core anisotropic crystal sandwiched by a cladding of anisotropic crystals of the same material but slightly rotated optical axes. The core and cladding crystals can be cut from the same crystal boule and bonded without adhesives between them. Because the crystals are anisotropic, the core and slightly skewed cladding crystals exhibit different refractive indexes to a propagating light beam. The difference in refractive indexes should be ?1.2×10?6 for mode confinement and 2d/?*Sqrt(ncore2?nclad2)?1.37 to achieve single mode operation in a square cross section, ?1 for a planar cross section. Alternative embodiments use slightly different doping amounts in crystals to achieve the difference in refractive indexes between the core and cladding.

Abstract: A photonic neural component including optical transmitters, optical receivers, inter-node waveguides formed on a board, multiplexers configured to multiplex input optical signals onto the inter-node waveguides, transmitting waveguides configured to receive optical signals emitted from the optical transmitters and transmit the received optical signals to the inter-node waveguides via the multiplexers, mirrors to partially reflect optical signals propagating on the inter-node waveguides, receiving waveguides configured to receive reflected optical signals produced by the mirrors and transmit the reflected optical signals to the optical receivers, and filters configured to apply weights to the reflected optical signals. The transmitting waveguides and receiving waveguides are formed on the board such that one of the transmitting waveguides and one of the receiving waveguides crosses one of the inter-node waveguides with a core of one of the crossing waveguides passing through a core or clad of the other.

Abstract: An optical structure and a system includes a Hyperuniform Disordered Solid (“HUDS”) structure and a waveguide. The HUDS structure is formed by walled cells organized in a lattice.

Abstract: An apparatus of polarization self-compensated delay line interferometer. The apparatus includes a first waveguide arm of a first material of a first length disposed between an input coupler and an output coupler and a second waveguide arm of the first material of a second length different from the first length disposed between the same input coupler and the same output coupler. The apparatus produces an interference spectrum with multiple periodic passband peaks where certain TE (transverse electric) and TM (transverse magnetic) polarization mode passband peaks are lined up. The apparatus further includes a section of waveguide of a birefringence material of a third length added to the second waveguide arm to induce a phase shift of the lined-up TE/TM passband peaks to a designated grid as corresponding polarization compensated channels of a wide optical band.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical interference filter device which defines a first periodic filter frequency response between a first filter output port and a filter input port and a second periodic filter frequency response having the same free spectral range as the first periodic frequency response between a second filter output port and the filter input port. The first and second periodic filter frequency responses are shifted versus each other by a predetermined optical frequency distance.

Abstract: For multi-mode interference (MMI) couplers that have a plurality of input and output ports, e.g. 4×4, a large number of modes may be supported in the multimode region, e.g. >10, as the width of the MMI core grows larger. In order for MMI couplers to form good images, the supported modes preferably have low modal phase error, which can't be achieved using a conventional single layer design. Accordingly, a multi-mode interference (MMI) coupler comprising an MMI core comprising a plurality of waveguide core strips alternating with a plurality of cladding strips solves the aforementioned problems.

Abstract: Techniques for forming a facet optical coupler that includes a waveguide formed over a trench of a silicon substrate are described. The trench is formed in a silicon substrate and then filled with a dielectric material. The waveguide is patterned on the dielectric material over the trench such that the waveguide is disposed a distance from the first surface. A first end of the waveguide has a first size and a second end of the waveguide distal the first end has a second size different than the first size. A material of the waveguide and the first size define a mode size of the waveguide.

Abstract: Provided is an optical coupler including a substrate, a buffer layer on the substrate, a ridge waveguide having a first side surface and a second side surface opposed to the first side surface, and a first waveguide disposed adjacent to the second side surface. The first waveguide includes a first body part and a first connecting part extending from one end of the first body part to be inserted in the ridge waveguide. The first connecting part has a width decreasing in the direction away from the second side surface, and the ridge waveguide includes an extension part extending under an upper surface of the buffer layer.

Abstract: An optical switch and a wavelength division multiplexing optical system are disclosed. In an embodiment an optical switch includes an input port array, an input collimator array, an input micromirror array, an output micromirror array, an output collimator array, and an output port array. All input micromirrors included in the input micromirror array can be deflected in two mutually perpendicular directions. The maximum movable ranges of reflected light that is output after all the input micromirrors reflect incident light with the same incident angle have no common intersection on a plane on which the output micromirror array is located or have a common intersection, and an area of the intersection is less than an area of a reflection region of the output micromirror array.