Abstract: A biaxial load test specimen includes a main body and four arms. The main body has a plurality of through-holes aligned along axial directions of two load axes orthogonal to each other. The four arms extend from the main body in the respective axial directions of the load axes. Each of the arms has a plurality of slit grooves extending, on respective extensions of the through-holes aligned in the axial directions, along the respective axial directions.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to bendable and/or foldable articles and uses thereof and to a method of providing bendable and/or foldable articles. The articles are of translucent and brittle material, such as glass, glass ceramic, ceramic or crystals. The articles may be used as a display cover such as a protecting cover in displays in, for example, smartphones, tablet computers, or TV devices. The articles may also be used as a substrate for electronic components, such as OLEDs or LEDs.

Abstract: Test apparatus and methods for impact testing specimens, including edge impact testing are disclosed. The apparatus and methods disclosed include a pendulum and a bob which are used to impact test specimens against an impacting object.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring blood coagulation data, and a use method, a connection member and a support (2101) thereof are disclosed. The apparatus for measuring blood coagulation data comprises: a blood cup support (101), a detachment mechanism (102), and a rotary shaft (103, 805). The blood cup support (101) is used for supporting a blood cup (207) that is not used and a lid (206) of the blood cup, driving, under a first driving force, the blood cup (207) that is not used and the lid (206) of the blood cup to ascend until the lid (206) of the unused blood cup to be connected to the rotary shaft (103, 805), and driving, under a second driving force, a blood cup (207) that is used to descend; and the detachment mechanism (102) is used for separating, under the second driving force, the lid (206) of the used blood cup from the rotary shaft (103, 805). The method can reduce the labor intensity in blood coagulation data measurement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for compensating for a reduction of die cavity pressure in a torsional rheometer caused by shrinkage of the test sample. In one embodiment, a compliant member is placed in series with load-bearing components of the rheometer. This compliant member deflects when pressure in the die cavity is reduced resulting in the die cavity becoming smaller to increase the pressure within the die cavity.

Abstract: Methods and systems suitable for tracking Brownian motion of particles suspended in a fluid and determining the diffusion coefficient of the particles therefrom in order to characterize the particles, their synthesis, and/or their surface modifications. The methods include providing a sample having particles suspended in a fluid, obtaining and recording at least first and second images of the sample wherein the first image obtained at a first time and the second image subsequently obtained at a second time, determining the average displacement of the particles in an area of the first and second images during a time period between the first time and the second time based on the first and second images, and then determining a diffusion coefficient of the particles in the area of the first and second images based on the average displacement of the particles during the time period.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system of a vehicle for air-conditioning a vehicle interior compartment may include a channel system which is flowed through by air and a sensor device for detecting at least one property of air. The sensor device may include at least one analysis channel through which air is flowable during operation, and a generating device configured to generate and emit electromagnetic waves. The sensor device may also include a diverting device configured to divert the electromagnetic waves emitted by the generating device at least partially into an interaction section of the at least one analysis channel, through which interaction section the diverted electromagnetic waves may pass and interact with air flowing through the at least one analysis channel. The sensor device may also include a detector which detects the diverted electromagnetic waves after the interaction with the air.

Abstract: This particulate matter (PM) sensor is provided with: a deposition part that is disposed so as to obstruct a passage for exhaust gas including particulate matter, has a surface on the upstream side of the passage on which particulate matter is deposited, and has at least one through hole formed therein; and at least a pair of electrodes that oppose each other so as to sandwich the deposition part. The at least one through hole penetrates from the surface of the deposition unit on the upstream-side of the flow of the exhaust gas to the surface on the downstream side.

Abstract: Method for determining an extraction efficiency of at least one volatile species contained in a drilling mud, the method including: housing a test mud in a first closed container; determining a test parameter representative of a ratio between a first portion of at least one first volatile species, which is absorbed by the test mud, and a second portion of the first volatile species, which is not absorbed by the test mud, the second portion of the first volatile species being measured in a headspace of the first closed container; housing a drilling mud in a second closed container, the drilling mud containing at least one second volatile species, the second volatile species being substantially the same as the first volatile species; determining an operating parameter representative of a quantity of the second volatile species released by the drilling mud in the second closed container, wherein the quantity of the second volatile species is measured in a headspace of the second closed container; determining, as

Abstract: An optical micro-particle detector including a light source, a gas channel and a plurality of optical detectors is provided. The light source is configured to generate a light beam. The gas channel has at least one curved segment. The curved segment has a light entrance and a plurality of light exits. The light beam from the light source enters the gas channel through the light entrance. The plurality of optical detectors are optically coupled to the light exits, respectively.

Abstract: An observation apparatus observes an observation object moving in a flow path with a fluid, and includes a light source, a splitting unit, a combining unit, a collimator, a cylindrical lens, an objective lens, a collimator, a cylindrical lens, an objective lens, a modulation unit, an imaging unit, an analysis unit, and the like. The imaging unit includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a direction intersecting with a moving direction of an image of the observation object on a light receiving plane on which the image of the observation object moving in the flow path is formed, and receives combined light output from the combining unit to repeatedly output a detection signal indicating a one-dimensional interference image. The analysis unit generates a two-dimensional image of the observation object on the basis of the detection signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for controlling a particle analyzer based at least in part on a generated entrainment factor for a sample. The features include flowing a sample with a series of particles through the particle analyzer, detecting events and calculating an expected frequency of those events based on a distribution, such as a Poisson distribution, and measuring an observed frequency of particle events. An entrainment factor may be generated from a ratio of observed event frequency to expected event frequency. Further adjustment to the particle analyzer maybe performed based on the indicated entrainment factor such as adjusted sorting bias.

Abstract: Methods and devices for detecting and indicating corrosion and rate of progression of corrosion in piping such as piping having non-metallic liners.

Abstract: Provided is an optical concentration sensor protective casing, including an outer cover and a bubble isolation shield. The bubble isolation shield is embedded on the inner side of the outer cover. The outer cover is provided with a convection hole. The bubble isolation shield is provided with a liquid intake hole. Further provided is an optical concentration testing device including the protective casing.

Abstract: Described herein is a receptacle for holding a sample under spectrophotometer analysis comprising: a body, first and second opposing windows separated by a gap to provide a volume for a sample, wherein at least the first opposing window is supported by a first compliant member, and wherein under a force, the first compliant member allows positioning of the first opposing window relative to a first datum to set a desired: a) gap between the first and second opposing windows, and/or b) relative orientation of the first and second opposing windows.

Abstract: A metrology system for substrate processing includes an optical metrology station including a plurality of optical sensors to measure spectra from a plurality of measurement locations on a substrate. A plurality of fiber cables are connected to the plurality of optical sensors. A spectrometer is selectively connected to the plurality of fiber cables. A mass metrology station measures at least one of a mass or mass change of the substrate. A controller includes a modelling module to generate thickness values at the plurality of measurement locations based on the spectra from the plurality of measurement locations and a learned model. A spatial modelling module generates a spatial thickness distribution model for the substrate based on the thickness values at the plurality of measurement locations from the modelling module and the at least one of the mass or the mass change from the mass metrology station.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for systems, apparatuses, and methods for real-time fluid analysis. Embodiments include a removable and replaceable sampling system and an analytical system connected to the sampling system. A fluid may be routed through the sampling system and real-time data may be collected from the fluid via the sampling system. The sampling system may process and transmit the real-time data to the analytical system. The analytical system may include a command and control system that may receive and store the real-time data in a database and compare the real-time data to existing data for the fluid in the database to identify conditions in the fluid.

Abstract: A tumor cell detection method includes an analysis step of determining whether or not a cell contained in a sample is a tumor cell by a statistical technique, machine learning, or pattern recognition on the basis of a spectroscopic spectrum of the cell obtained by measuring the cell contained in the sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for monitoring changes in reagent concentration, and in particular, to a system and method for monitoring for changes in reagent concentrations within small volumes of liquids in contact with a biological sample disposed on a substrate such as a microscope slide. The disclosed system and method utilize changes in electromagnetic properties associated with an interface between the substrate and a liquid applied to the biological sample in order to provide information regarding changes in reagent concentration within the liquid.

Abstract: A trapezoidal flat plate type surface plasmon resonance sensing platform is applied to a sensed object, a light-emitting apparatus and a light-analyzing apparatus. The trapezoidal flat plate type surface plasmon resonance sensing platform includes a trapezoidal flat plate and a metal layer. The metal layer is arranged on the trapezoidal flat plate. The sensed object is arranged on the metal layer. The light-emitting apparatus emits a testing light entering the trapezoidal flat plate, so that the testing light is refracted and reflected in the trapezoidal flat plate to generate a plurality of total reflections and leaves from the trapezoidal flat plate to generate an external refracted light. The light-analyzing apparatus receives the external refracted light to analyze the external refracted light. Moreover, the total reflections are used to excite a plurality of free electrons of the metal layer to generate a surface plasmon resonance phenomenon.

Abstract: Dust accumulation monitors are provided to autonomously monitor dust accumulations. The dust accumulation monitors include a casing having a translucent portion, a light sensor configured to output a sensing signal based on sensed light penetrating through the translucent portion, a controller coupled to the light sensor to receive the sensing signal and configured to output a dust alert signal based on the received sensing signal, and a communication interface coupled to the controller and configured to output an alert based on the dust alert signal output by the controller. A dust accumulation monitoring system includes a plurality of dust accumulation monitors, and a central monitor communicatively connected to each of the plurality of dust accumulation monitors and configured to receive dust sensing signals from each of the plurality of dust accumulation monitors. The dust accumulation monitors may communicate through wired or wireless links with the central monitor.

Abstract: A fluid connector assembly, including a fluid connector including a first through-bore, an optical assurance cap arranged on said fluid connector, said optical assurance cap including a second through-bore, a tubular connector arranged in said first through-bore and secured to said fluid connector, and a tester tool, including a channel, a light source, and a light sensor, said light source and said light sensor axially displaced from one another, wherein said optical assurance cap is arranged in said channel of said tester tool.

Abstract: A small-size reliable gas sensor that can reduce a measurement error can be provided. The gas sensor includes a first light source; a first sensor unit and a second sensor unit disposed to receive light output from the first light source; a first substrate having a first principal surface on which the first light source and the first sensor unit are provided; and a second substrate having a first principal surface on which the second sensor unit is provided. The first sensor unit is disposed at a location where light output from the first light source and reflected on the second principal surface strikes the first principal surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: Devices and methods are disclosed for the substantially uniform epi-illumination of samples such as western blots using high power lasers. The uniformity of illumination is provided by particular configurations of optical diffusers, spatial or temporal laser modalities, or numbers of lasers. The increased excitation light produced by the high power lasers can enhance fluorescence emission signal strength and reduce required imaging exposure times.

Abstract: A protein structure analysis method includes receiving a fluorescence emission spectrum generated by a protein sample at a first excitation wavelength, evaluating, from the fluorescence emission spectrum, an indication characteristic of a fluorescence response of the protein sample at the first excitation wavelength, and repeating the receiving and evaluating steps in relation to a plurality of fluorescence emission spectra generated by the protein sample at a different excitation wavelength to the first excitation wavelength. In addition, the method includes generating a non-linear relationship between excitation wavelength and indication characteristic of fluorescence response of the protein sample that includes an indication of at least one characteristic of the conformational state of the protein sample.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems for analysis of samples. In some cases, the analysis may involve spectroscopic techniques such as Raman spectroscopy. The methods and systems may be used to identify one or more characteristics of a sample, such as the identity of, and the quantity of a molecule within the sample. The methods and systems may be used to determine an impurity of the sample, or inactive excipients within the sample. In some embodiments, the methods and systems of the present disclosure provide for rapid sample analysis that is more accurate, precise and cost-effective than traditional means.

Abstract: Microfluidic diatomaceous earth analytical devices (?DADs) comprising highly porous photonic crystal biosilica channels are disclosed. The ?DADs can simultaneously perform on-chip chromatography to separate small molecules from complex samples and acquire the surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectra of the target chemicals with high specificity. The ultra-small dimensions of the diatomaceous earth microfluidic channels and the photonic crystal effect from the fossilized diatom frustules allow unprecedented sensitivity down to ppb-level.

Abstract: This invention discloses a new class of pH indicators suitable for use in agricultural compounds. The class comprises naturally occurring substances which are extracts from grape skins, cabbage and lecithin. Safety concerns are now causing regulatory bodies to prohibit use of chemical pH indicators in compounds which are used for crops and animals. The naturally occurring compounds of this invention satisfy these concerns of the regulators and function as well as chemical indicators of the prior art.

Abstract: A diamond identification apparatus is disclosed, the diamond identification apparatus comprising a support platform for receiving a gemstone at an observation position, a first light source arranged to emit light at a predetermined angle towards the observation position and a first photodiode arranged to detect an amount of light from the first light source being reflected from the gemstone at the observation position. The diamond identification apparatus further comprises a second light source arranged to emit light towards the observation position, a second photodiode arranged to detect light from the second light source that passes through the gemstone at the observation position and a processor unit.

Abstract: Multilayered product structures are formed on substrates by a combination of patterning steps, physical processing steps and chemical processing steps. An inspection apparatus illuminates a plurality of target structures and captures pupil images representing the angular distribution of radiation scattered by each target structure. The target structures have the same design but are formed at different locations on a substrate and/or on different substrates. Based on a comparison of the images the inspection apparatus infers the presence of process-induced stack variations between the different locations. In one application, the inspection apparatus separately measures overlay performance of the manufacturing process based on dark-field images, combined with previously determined calibration information. The calibration is adjusted for each target, depending on the stack variations inferred from the pupil images.

Abstract: A system for processing a substrate is provided. The system includes a process chamber including one or more sidewalls enclosing a processing region; and a substrate support. The system further includes a passageway connected to the process chamber; and a first particle detector disposed at a first location along the passageway. The first particle detector includes an energy source configured to emit a first beam; one or more optical devices configured to direct the first beam along one or more paths, where the one or more paths extend through at least a portion of the passageway. The first particle detector further includes a first energy detector disposed at a location other than on the one or more paths. The system further includes a controller configured to communicate with the first particle detector, wherein the controller is configured to identify a fault based on signals received from the first particle detector.

Abstract: A rear-projection photodetection yarn clearing apparatus includes a light emitting diode and a detector arranged behind a to-be-detected yarn, and further includes a reflector arranged in front of the to-be-detected yarn. A front end face of the light emitting diode is flush with a photosurface of the detector, a light filter for capturing light rays having a waveband from 330 nm to 470 nm is also arranged in front of the light emitting diode and the detector, and a light-reflecting surface of the reflector is in parallel with the photosurface of the detector. The light emitting diode includes an ultraviolet light emitting diode, and the detector includes an ultraviolet enhanced silicon photodiode. The ultraviolet enhanced silicon photodiode is made from a high-resistivity N-type (111) silicon wafer having a resistivity of 3,000 ?·cm and a field oxide thickness of 1,000 nm.

Abstract: A contact lens inspection system, in particular for soft contact lenses, comprises a light source (40) for illuminating a contact lens to be inspected; a plenoptic camera (1) for producing an electronic plenoptic image; a processing unit (103) adapted for electronically processing the electronic plenoptic image of the contact lens and configured for refocusing the image.

Abstract: A defect detection system comprises a movement assembly and a sensor assembly. The movement assembly is configured and positioned to hold and move a substantially non-conductive structure. The sensor assembly comprises at least one radar device configured and positioned to detect conductive debris in the substantially non-conductive structure as portions of the substantially non-conductive structure move therepast. A defect detection method and a processing a composite structure are also described.

Abstract: The radiation phase contrast imaging apparatus includes an X-ray source, a first grating, a second grating arranged between the X-ray source and the first grating, and a moving mechanism for moving an object stage for holding an object. The moving mechanism is configured to more the object stage to an X-ray source side of the first grating and a second grating side of the first grating opposite to the source side of the first grating.

Abstract: The X-ray imaging apparatus is provided with an X-ray source, a plurality of gratings including a first grating and a second grating, a detector, a rotation mechanism for relatively rotating a subject including a fiber bundle and an imaging system, and an image processor for generating a dark field image. The image processor is configured to obtain a three-dimensional dark field image of the subject including at least the fiber bundle from a plurality of dark field images captured at a plurality of rotation angles.

Abstract: The X-ray imaging apparatus is provided with a plurality of gratings including an X-ray source and a first grating, a detector, a grating rotation mechanism for rotating a plurality of gratings respectively, and an image processor for generating at least a dark field image. The image processor is configured to generate a dark field image captured by arranging the grating at a plurality of angles in a plane orthogonal to the optical axis direction.

Abstract: A wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer of the present invention includes: a position sensitive detector (10) configured to detect intensities of secondary X-rays (41) at different spectral angles, by using detection elements (7) corresponding to the secondary X-rays (41) at different spectral angles; a measured spectrum display unit (14) configured to display a relationship between a position, in an arrangement direction, of each detection element (7), and a detected intensity by the detection element (7), as a measured spectrum, on a display (15); a detection area setting unit (16) configured to be set a peak area and a background area; and a quantification unit (17) configured to calculate, as a net intensity, an intensity of the fluorescent X-rays to be measured, based on a peak intensity in the peak area, a background intensity in the background area, and a background correction coefficient, and to perform quantitative analysis.

Abstract: Defect location accuracy can be increased using shape based grouping with pattern-based defect centering. Design based grouping of defects on a wafer can be performed. A spatial distribution of the defects around at least one structure on the wafer, such as a predicted hot spot, can be determined. At least one design based defect property for a location around the structure can be determined. The defects within an x-direction threshold and a y-direction threshold of the structure may be prioritized.

Abstract: An example includes performing near infra-red (NIR) spectrometry to provide NIR measurement data for a sample compound. The method also includes performing magnetic resonance (MR) spectrometry to provide MR measurement data for the sample compound. The method also includes analyzing, by a computing device, the MR measurement data in view of the NIR measurement data to characterize the sample compound.

Abstract: A probe includes a base extending lengthwise between a proximal end and a distal end of the probe. A humidity sensor configured to measure a humidity value is disposed at the distal end. A temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature value has an ambient temperature sensing element that is spaced apart from the humidity sensor by a portion of the base and is disposed between the proximal end and the distal end. An interface disposed at the proximal end is configured to output a data signal indicative of humidity and to receive a power signal for heating the humidity sensor. Electronics is disposed on the base past the interface in a direction away from the proximal end and is coupled to the temperature and humidity sensors. The electronics is configured to provide the data signal to the interface as a function of the temperature humidity values.

Abstract: A wetting sensor includes a stretchable circuit board having stretchability, a first stretchable wiring line as a wiring line formed on a main surface of the stretchable circuit board and having stretchability on the main surface, a second stretchable wiring line as a wiring line formed on the main surface of the stretchable circuit board and having stretchability on the main surface, a first electrode connected to the first stretchable wiring line, a second electrode connected to the second stretchable wiring line, a water absorbing member configured to cover at least a part of each of the first electrode and the second electrode, and a measurer configured to measure an electric characteristic between the first electrode and the second electrode which are contacting the water absorbing member.

Abstract: Patch-clamp amplifiers that may be readily manufactured, may be simple to reconfigure for product updates, and can be quickly reconfigured into a different mode during operation. One example may provide patch-clamp amplifiers that may be readily manufactured by implementing some or all of the compensation and other circuits using digital circuitry. These digital circuits may be implemented using discrete or integrated logic circuits, programmable logic such as field-programmable gate arrays or programmable logic arrays, or other fixed or configurable logic circuits or combination thereof. These programmable logic circuits may be reconfigured by a user or by a manufacturer through firmware or software updates when a product update is desired. These circuits may also be quickly reconfigured to allow rapid switching between modes during use.

Abstract: A humidity nonsensitive material based on reduced-graphene oxide (r-GO) and methods of making the same are provided, in an embodiment, the materia! has a resistance/humidity variation of about ?15% to 15% based on different sintering time or temperature. In an aspect, the resistance variation to humidity can be close to zero or ?0.5% to 0.5%, showing a humidity non sensitivity property. In an embodiment, a humidity nonsensitive material based on the r-GO and carbon nanotube (CNT) composites is provided, wherein the ratio of CNT to r-GO is adjusted. The ratio can be adjusted based on the combined contribution of carbon nanotube (positive resistance variation) and reduced-graphene oxide (negative resistance variation) behaviors.

Abstract: A wear indication sensor comprising: a resistor strip configured to be operably attached to the surface of an engine component, the resistor strip including a first end and second end; a plurality of lead wires comprising: a first lead wire electrically connected to the first end proximate an aft end of the engine component; a second lead wire electrically connected to the first end proximate a forward end of the engine component; a third lead wire electrically connected to the second end proximate the aft end of the engine component; and a fourth lead wire electrically connected to the second end proximate the forward end of the engine component; and a measurement device electrically connected to each of the plurality of lead wires, wherein the measurement device is configured to measure a resistance of the resistor strip between each of the plurality of lead wires.

Abstract: A whole blood measurement method associated to hematocrit (HCT) and a whole blood measurement circuit thereof is applied in the detection of HCT of a whole blood sample to be tested. Herein, a time to digital converting circuit (TDC) is used for counting charging time or discharging time of a fixed capacitor and a to-be-tested sample, and a capacitance difference that is related to HCT is generated according to the charging time or the discharging time, so as to provide a reference for a whole blood feature test.

Abstract: A low-cost voltammetric analysis system using a mobile computing device having a microprocessor, a memory and an audio interface. The audio interface comprises an audio signal output having first and second channels and an audio signal input. The interface is connectible to a voltammetric cell comprising first and second electrodes, and the memory of the device contains instructions which, when executed by the microprocessor, cause the device to: generate an output voltage waveform between the first and second channels of the audio signal output, the output voltage waveform comprising a time-varying voltammetric driving potential and an AC perturbation; simultaneously with generating the output voltage waveform, capture an input voltage waveform received at the audio signal input; and record the input voltage waveform as a voltammetric response waveform within a data store.

Abstract: A detection system for determining lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein (LOXL2) levels in a bodily sample, includes at least one reaction solution for generating H2O2 upon combination with LOXL2 in the bodily sample, the reaction solution including lysine that can be oxidatively deaminated by LOXL2 to generate ?-aminoadipic-?-semialdehyde (allysine) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Abstract: Various embodiments of a gas sensor device and method of fabricating a gas sensor device are provided. In one embodiment a gas sensor device includes a base substrate, an electrolyte layer disposed on the base substrate and a plurality of potentiometric sensor units electrically coupled to the base substrate. Each potentiometric sensor unit includes an electrolyte layer disposed on the base substrate, a sensing electrode comprising tungsten oxide (WO3) and platinum (Pt), a reference electrode comprising Pt, and a plurality of connectors coupled to the plurality of potentiometric sensors to connect the plurality of potentiometric sensors in series.

Abstract: Provided are a method of fabricating a 3-dimensional transistor sensor and the sensor and a sensor array thereof. The method of fabricating the 3-dimensional transistor sensor includes forming an insulating layer on a silicon substrate, forming a silicon layer on the insulating layer and forming a 3-dimensional silicon fin by etching the silicon layer, forming a source area and a source electrode at one end of the silicon fin, forming a drain area and a drain electrode at the other end the silicon fin, and forming a gate area at a center of the silicon fin, surrounding three surfaces of a gate with a gate insulating layer, forming a sensing gate layer configured to surround a portion of the gate insulating layer, and sealing an upper portion of the gate insulating layer excluding the sensing gate layer.