Abstract: Provided is a power supply device for a vehicle in which charge movement between a plurality of cell groups can be suppressed. The plurality of cell groups each include a plurality of cells connected in series to each other and are each provided on one of the plurality of wiring paths. A plurality of switches are connected in series to the plurality of cell groups in the plurality of wiring paths. A deterioration diagnosis unit specifies, from the plurality of cell groups, a deteriorated cell group that has deteriorated. A switch controller turns off, among the plurality of switches, a deteriorated switch that is connected to the deteriorated cell group.

Abstract: Batteries and associated charging conditions or other operating conditions are evaluated by a computational model that classifies or characterizes the battery and associated conditions. Such battery model may classify batteries according to any of many different considerations such as whether the conditions are safe or unsafe or whether the conditions are likely to unnecessarily degrade the future performance of the battery. In some cases, the battery model executes while the battery is installed in an electronic device such as a smart phone or a vehicle. In some cases, the battery model executes and provides results (e.g., a classification of the battery) in real time while the battery is installed and being charged.

Abstract: A rotational manipulation detector includes: a magnetic material in the shape of a ring and including, disposed alternately in the circumferential direction of the magnetic material, first magnetic portions each having a first cross-sectional area in the circumferential direction and second magnetic portions each having, in the circumferential direction, a second cross-sectional area different from the first cross-sectional area; a first magnet disposed opposite to the magnetic material; and a first hole element and a second hole element which are disposed opposite to the magnetic material and detect a change in a magnetic field which occurs when the magnetic material is rotated. The first magnet, the first hole element, and the second hole element are disposed side by side along the circumferential direction of the magnetic material.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes a magnetoresistive body that is disposed over a surface of an insulator, a protective film that is provided over a surface of the insulator, including over the magnetoresistive body, and an open portion that runs along at least a portion of a perimeter of the magnetoresistive body and penetrates the protective film in a thickness direction of the protective film. In the magnetic sensor, a separation distance between an inside wall of the open portion and the magnetoresistive body, this being a minimum distance with respect to the magnetoresistive body, is configured so as to be longer than an alignment margin dimension of the open portion with respect to the magnetoresistive body.

Abstract: In a system, apparatus and method for achieving scanning safety for a magnetic resonance conditionally safe implant, an FPO processor converts an RF power signal received from an RF power sensor of an MR scanner into an RF power parameter, and converts a gradient power signal received from an MR gradient power sensor of the MR scanner into a gradient power parameter. Upon detecting that the RF power parameter exceeds an RF power limit value or/and the gradient power parameter exceeds a gradient power limit value, the FPO processor sends a shutdown signal, to shut down an RF power amplifier or/and a gradient power amplifier in the MR scanner. The MR scanner is thereby enabled to realize the FPO mode, without altering MR scanner software, and the workload is small and easy to carry out.

Abstract: A selectively removable closure for closing the open end of an NMR sample tube having an open end and a closed end of the invention includes a cylindrical proximal first and a distal second portion, both portions substantially congruent to a central axis, the second portion has a hollow bore extending therethrough, the hollow bore has: a first and a second distal section, a central section and a proximal section. The first distal section has an inside diameter sized to accept the outside diameter of a preselected size NMR sample tube substantially without an interference, the second distal section has an interference that ends into the central section with a ramp with an angle to the central axis greater than 70 degrees, the central section corresponds in a locked position on the NMR sample tube with a locking ring at least partially surrounding the NMR locking tube to form a secondary locking seal.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance force detection apparatus, comprising: a sample carrier for carrying a sample to be tested; a magnetic field source configured to provide a magnetic field to a sample when it is carried by the sample carrier; a support for supporting either the sample carrier or the magnetic field source; a support-driving-mechanism configured to drive the support such that the sample carrier moves relative to the magnetic field source, such that the magnetic field is configured to cause the spins of one or more nuclei or electrons in the sample to flip, and wherein the flipping of spins exerts a force on the support; and a support-displacement-measuring-sensor configured to measure displacement of the support and generate a signal representative of the displacement of the support.

Abstract: In a method and magnetic resonance apparatus for monitoring functioning of a cooling system of the apparatus, at least some apparatus components, that are to be cooled by the cooling system, have respective temperature sensors in thermal communication therewith. A start temperature of at least one of the components is determined by at least one of the sensors, and a computer determines, from the start temperature, at least one comparison variable that describes a reference temperature change due to power input to the respective component. The at least one temperature sensor provides the computer with a measured variable that describes actually occurring temperature change due to the power input. The computer compares the measured variable with the comparison variable and determines whether the comparison result fulfills an action criterion and, if so, the computer initiates implementation of an action associated with the action criterion.

Abstract: A fastening system for attaching an NMR probe to an NMR magnet includes a discoid insert and a retention system that is rigidly connected to the magnet and on which the insert can be mounted. A form-fitting, variable-force connection is established between the NMR probe and the retention system using a spring element. The probe attaches to the insert by a plurality of integral, rigid retaining elements that are of an invariable fixed length. The spring element and the retaining elements are designed geometrically such that in a first, opened state the connection between the insert and the retaining elements has a mechanical backlash between 0.5 mm and 5 mm when the spring element is relaxed. In a second, closed state the connection between the insert and the retaining elements has no mechanical backlash when the spring element is under mechanical tension.

Abstract: An array coil according to an embodiment includes a plurality of element coils, a first electrically-insulative coupler, and a second electrically-insulative coupler. Each of the plurality of element coils has a first fixation point and a second fixation point. The plurality of element coils are two-dimensionally arrayed in a first direction and a second direction while overlapping one another. The first electrically-insulative coupler is configured to couple together two or more of the first fixation points in the first direction. The second electrically-insulative coupler is configured to couple together two or more of the second fixation points in the first direction.

Abstract: Systems and methods for magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) of multiple different nuclear spin species using the same radio frequency (“RF”) coil are described. Generally, multiple different nuclear spin species are imaged using the same RF coil by using an MRI system whose magnetic field can be rapidly ramped between a number of different, and arbitrary, magnetic field strengths. The magnetic field of this MRI system can be ramped to different values in reasonable amounts of time (e.g., in a time frame that is feasible within an imaging study).

Abstract: Methods and systems for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra of samples having unresolved peaks are described. The methods and systems allow for the creation nuclear spin singlet states in nearly-equivalent spin pairs, for example, using continuous spin-locking with a nutation frequency matched to the coupling strength between spins.

Abstract: A dynamic phantom for use with a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) device is described. In one example, the dynamic phantom includes an outer housing, an inner cylinder including a removable divider, and a gearbox that can rotate the cylinder, all of which are made from fMRI-compatible materials. The divider forms longitudinal compartments inside the cylinder that can each contain a contrast material. When the cylinder contains contrast materials having at least two different concentrations, and a space between the cylinder and the housing also contains a contrast material, rotation of the cylinder produces biomimetic hemodynamic signals that may be detected by the fMRI device.

Abstract: In a method and a magnetic resonance (MR) apparatus for diffusion-gradient MR imaging, vectors for the diffusion gradients are determined by generating a cuboid with edges that represent the maximum amplitudes that are achievable by the gradient system of the MR apparatus, and a spherical shell is also generated that represents limit values for effective gradient amplitudes. Areas of the spherical shell that are within the cuboid are used as end points of origin vectors that originate from the origin of the intersecting axes of the gradient system. Diffusion gradient vectors that are to be used for acquiring the diffusion-weighted MR data are then selected from these origin vectors dependent on fulfillment of a condition for producing a trace-weighted image with low artifacts.

Abstract: In a method and magnetic resonance for calibrating a control sequence for the apparatus, having a first radio-frequency pulse and a second radio-frequency pulse, for a magnetic resonance examination of an examination region of an object, a first reference value for the first radio-frequency pulse for resonant excitation of a first substance is determined, and a second reference value for the second radio-frequency pulse for resonant excitation of a second substance is determined. The determination of the first reference value includes a selective excitation of the first substance and/or the determination of the second reference value includes a selective excitation of the second substance. The MR control sequence is calibrated by assignment, in a processor, of the first reference value to the first radio-frequency pulse and assignment of the second reference value to the second radio-frequency pulse.

Abstract: Systems and methods that provide a portable, verified voltage source that allows safe testing of separate contact and non-contact voltage measurement devices. A proving unit of the present disclosure selectively provides a known or specified direct current (DC) voltage, a contact alternating current (AC) voltage, and a non-contact AC voltage, which voltages may be fixed or may be user-selectable. The proving unit may include a visual indicator and/or an audible indicator that provides the user with an indication confirming that the proving unit is supplying the selected output voltage within the specifications of the proving unit, so the user will know that the proving unit is operating normally and is ready for testing the operation of a contact or non-contact voltage measurement device. If the proving unit cannot provide the specified voltage output, the indicator(s) provides a signal to the user that the proving unit is currently non-functional.

Abstract: Systems and methods for calibrating a voltage measurement device are provided herein. The voltage measurement device generates a reference current signal and senses the reference current signal in a conductor under test. A calibration system may control a calibration voltage source to selectively output calibration voltages in a calibration conductor. The calibration system may obtain data from the voltage measurement device captured by the voltage measurement device when measuring the calibration conductor. Such data may include one or more reference current measurements, one or more voltage measurements, etc. The calibration system utilizes the obtained measurements to generate calibration data which may be stored on the voltage measurement device for use thereby during subsequent operation. The calibration data may include one or more lookup tables, coefficients for one or more mathematical formulas, etc.

Abstract: A signal evaluation system is provided for evaluating a first EM signal and a second EM signal for use in a passive coherent location system. The signal evaluation system includes: a spectrum detecting component that detects the first EM signal and the second EM signal; a signal characterization component that generates a first characterization of the first EM signal and to generate a second characterization of the second EM signal; and a ranking component that ranks the EM signals for use in the passive coherent location system. The first characterization is based on an amplitude associated with the first EM signal and one of range resolution, Doppler resolution, and combinations thereof associated with the first EM signal. The second characterization is based on an amplitude associated with the second EM signal and one of range resolution, Doppler resolution, and combinations thereof associated with the second EM signal.

Abstract: Provided is a sound direction detection sensor capable of detecting a direction from which sound is coming by using a multi-resonator array. The disclosed sound direction detection sensor includes two resonator arrays, each including a plurality of resonators having different resonance frequencies. The two resonator arrays have different directivities. Each resonator array serves as an audio sensor, and the sound direction detection sensor detects a direction from which sound is incident, regardless of a distance between audio sensors.

Abstract: A method for determining an instantaneous phase difference between time bases of at least two location anchors for a desired point in time (t), each of the location anchors having transmitting and receiving access to a joint broadcast transmission medium and a respective time base for measuring time, wherein a first of the location anchors broadcasts a first broadcast message at least twice; the first location anchor and at least a second of the location anchors receive the first broadcast messages; the second location anchor broadcasting a second broadcast message at least twice; and the second location anchor and at least the first location anchor receive the second broadcast messages. The location server calculates the instantaneous phase difference from a determined first and second clock model functions and from a time elapsed between a reference point in time and the desired point in time t.

Abstract: A location system includes multiple master nodes located at corners of a coverage area. At least two master nodes are located on one edge of the coverage area and receive signals from a slave node within the coverage area. The at least two master nodes calculate a distance to the slave node and a location of the slave node within the coverage area.

Abstract: A product location system comprises a plurality of nodes, each of which being enabled to receive and transmit signals from a user equipment device after a reading is made of a product identifier. The system also comprises a processor configured to determine a location of the user equipment device in a space containing at least one of the nodes, associate the location of the user equipment device in the space with a location of the product identifier, and build a map comprising the location of the product identifier.

Abstract: The invention discloses a positioning light beam emission system, a method and an indoor positioning system. A positioning space includes a plurality of positioning sub-spaces. A plurality of positioning light beam emission devices are fixed at predetermined positions in the plurality of positioning sub-spaces, respectively, and the positioning light beam emission devices are used for sweeping positioning light beams toward the respective positioning sub-spaces in which they are located with a predetermined sweeping cycle and at a predetermined angular velocity. The positioning light beam has a linear cross section and is rotated about a sweeping rotation axis, and the sweeping rotation axis is not perpendicular to an extending direction of the linear cross section.

Abstract: A signal processing system includes a transmission module and a receiving module. The transmission module generates and transmits a transmitted radio frequency signal according to a data signal and a first spread vector. The transmission module includes a spread spectrum unit, a digital-to-analog converter and a mixer. The spread spectrum unit generates a spread spectrum signal according to the data signal and the first spread vector. The digital-to-analog unit generates an analog signal according to the spread spectrum signal. The mixer mixes the analog signal and a carrier signal so as to generate the transmitted radio frequency signal. The receiving module receives a received radio frequency signal and a second spread vector so as to generate a spectrum despread signal and generate object detection information data accordingly. The received radio frequency signal is generated by having the transmitted radio frequency signal reflected by a measured object.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling sensor data acquisition using a vehicular communication network is provided. An example method includes establishing an operable connection between a first vehicle and remote vehicles. The first vehicle and the remote vehicles operate based upon a common time base according to a global time signal. The method includes receiving capability data that includes a sensor actuation time slot of each of the remote vehicles indicting a time slot at which the sensors of each of the remote vehicles are actuating. The sensor actuation time slot of each of the remote vehicle is different. The method also includes dividing a clock cycle into a plurality of time slots based on the remote vehicles and controlling, according to the plurality of time slots and the sensor actuation time slot, sensor actuation of a sensor of the first vehicle and the sensors of the remote vehicles.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a directional radar transmitting and receiving system includes: a main control chip is configured to determine whether a pulse wave signal output by a sensor circuit board meets a triggering condition wherein each of a plurality of evaluation processes is satisfied, the evaluation processes including: a first evaluation process including: determining whether a width and an amplitude of the pulse wave signal meets a threshold amplitude; and a second evaluation process including: comparing a shape of the pulse wave signal output by the sensor circuit board with a pre-stored default triggering signal shape; and determining that the second evaluation process is satisfied when the shape of the pulse wave signal matches the pre-stored default triggering signal shape.

Abstract: A device for directional radar transmitting and receiving includes a sensor circuit board, including: an integrated microwave oscillator; a first wire mounted on a first face of the sensor circuit board, the first wire being configured to transmit a high-frequency microwave signal, and a second wire mounted on the first face of the sensor circuit board, the second wire being configured to receive a frequency-shifted signal, wherein the frequency-shifted signal is a reflection of the high-frequency microwave signal transmitted by the integrated transmitting antenna; and a main control board mounted facing a second face of the sensor circuit board, the second face of the sensor circuit board being opposite the first face of the sensor circuit board, the main control board being configured to supply the high-frequency microwave signal to the first wire and to process the frequency-shifted signal received by the second wire.

Abstract: A system for providing integrated detection and deterrence against an unmanned vehicle including but not limited to aerial technology unmanned systems using a detection element, a tracking element, an identification element and an interdiction or deterrent element. Elements contain sensors that observe real time quantifiable data regarding the object of interest to create an assessment of risk or threat to a protected area of interest. This assessment may be based e.g., on data mining of internal and external data sources. The deterrent element selects from a variable menu of possible deterrent actions. Though designed for autonomous action, a Human in the Loop may override the automated system solutions.

Abstract: Systems and method are provided for calibrating a radar system of an autonomous vehicle. In one embodiment, a method includes: obtaining, by a processor, a training set of data from at least one radar system; processing, by a processor, the training set with a machine learning method to obtain centroids of interdependent clusters within the training set; and calibrating, by a processor, the radar system based on the centroids.

Abstract: A blockage detection system and methods for use in a radar sensor such as a side object detection (SOD) sensor in an automotive radar system are described. The blockage detection system and method operate in systems including two or more radar sensors having overlapping field-of-views (FOVs). The blockage detection system includes a storage in a first radar sensor having stored therein a tracked object list including detections/tracks for one or more targets made by a second radar sensor and a processor for adjusting an overlap zone associated with the first radar sensor based upon an estimated mounting angle of the first radar sensor.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided for a radar device and a method for operating a radar device, the radar device having a transmitter and a receiver, the method including: generating a noise signal; mixing the noise signal with a transmitter output radio frequency (RF) signal to produce an intermediate signal, wherein the transmitter output RF signal is a version of a local oscillator (LO) signal having linearly increasing frequency; attenuating the intermediate signal to produce a test signal; adding the test signal to a receiver input RF signal to produce a combined receiver input RF signal; downmixing an amplified version of the combined receiver input RF signal with the LO signal to produce a combined low frequency signal; and correlating the combined low frequency signal with the noise signal to produce an error detection signal.

Abstract: There is provided an imaging control apparatus which can improve distance measurement precision of a time of flight distance measurement method. The imaging control apparatus includes: a clustering processor which clusters a region from which a feature point is extracted based on an infrared image or a distance image obtained by an imaging apparatus; and a distance measurer which derives a distance to a target corresponding to the region by a time of flight distance measurement method based on information of each pixel in the region clustered by the clustering processor.

Abstract: One example system includes a light source that emits light. The system also includes a waveguide that guides the emitted light from a first side of the waveguide toward a second side of the waveguide opposite the first side. The waveguide has a third side extending between the first side and the second side. The system also includes a mirror that reflects the guided light toward the third side of the waveguide. At least a portion of the reflected light propagates out of the waveguide toward a scene. The system also includes a light detector, and a lens that focuses light from the scene toward the waveguide and the light detector.

Abstract: A control computer includes a computer memory and a computer processor programmed to execute instructions stored in the memory to perform a lidar calibration test. The instructions include collecting texture data output by a lidar sensor, the texture data representing a detected texture of an interior surface of a first jig disposed about the lidar sensor, comparing the texture data output by the lidar sensor to a known texture of the interior surface of the first jig, determining that the lidar sensor needs to be calibrated as a result of comparing the texture data to the known texture, and calibrating the lidar sensor by uploading updated values for use with the lidar sensor.

Abstract: A method includes generating a first optical signal containing doublet pulses. Each doublet pulse includes a first pulse and a second pulse. The second pulses of the doublet pulses are in quadrature with the first pulses of the doublet pulses. The method also includes transmitting the first optical signal towards a target and receiving a second optical signal containing reflected doublet pulses from the target. Each reflected doublet pulse includes a first reflected pulse and a second reflected pulse. The method further includes performing in-phase and quadrature processing of the first and second reflected pulses and identifying one or more parameters of the target based on the in-phase and quadrature processing.

Abstract: A distance measuring apparatus includes: a plurality of two-dimensional scanning laser sensors; and a control circuit configured to control the plurality of two-dimensional scanning laser sensors, wherein each of the two-dimensional scanning laser sensors includes a light projection system configured to project laser light for scanning a measurement target, and a light reception system configured to outputs a signal corresponding to a distance to the measurement target by using a multi-division light receiving element configured to receive return light of the laser light reflected by the measurement target, and the control circuit is configured to synchronize a scanning timing of the laser light projected by a light projection system of each of adjacent two-dimensional scanning laser sensors among the plurality of two-dimensional scanning laser sensors, and cause the adjacent two-dimensional scanning laser sensors to horizontally scan the laser light in a direction opposite from each other.

Abstract: A system and method for determination of origin displacement for a laser rangefinding instrument which comprises laser transmitting and receiving sections coupled to a processor section. The processor section is configured to calculate ranges from the instrument to first and second target coordinates and to compensate for displacement between disparate first and second origin points in order to determine a distance between these target coordinates.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for calibrating and/or evaluating a light propagation time camera by means of a reference surface, wherein the light propagation time camera has a light propagation time sensor consisting of an array of light propagation time pixels, in which method various spacings between the light propagation time camera and the reference surface are set in order to calibrate and/or evaluate the light propagation time camera by means of translational spacing changes. The method has the following steps: determining first distance data for a first spacing, determining second distance data for a second spacing, calculating distance differences from the first and second distance data, determining an orientation of the light propagation time camera with respect to the reference surface on the basis of the calculated distance differences.

Abstract: An optical field sensor is used to make phase measurements over an area of light reflected from an object outside a field of view of the light field sensor. These phase measurements are applied to a machine learning system trained with similar phase measurements from objects outside of a field of view to identify the object within a class of objects subject to the training.

Abstract: A method for operating a hand-held laser distance measurement device for contactless distance measurement in a calibration mode is based on a method in which a laser distance measurement unit of the laser distance measurement device is used to emit laser radiation to a target point, a camera of the laser distance measurement device is used to acquire at least one image of at least one target environment of the target point, and a screen of the laser distance measurement device is used to output a display of the image overlaid with a marker of the target point. A parallax error in the display of the image overlaid with the marker of the target point is corrected.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling phase or delay in multi-channel radio frequency applications. The system includes a local oscillator, a frequency generator, a clock buffer, a plurality of mixers and a plurality of filters. The frequency generator generates an intermediate frequency output signal which can be received by the clock buffer. The clock buffer creates multiple phase-adjusted reference frequency signals that are each different in phase. A local oscillator generates a plurality of local oscillator signals having the same frequency and phase. A plurality of mixers produce a plurality of RF signals based at least in part on the plurality of local oscillator signals and the plurality of phase-shifted reference frequency signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the determination of an improved initial direction of movement of sensor-detected objects. The directions of movement of sensor-detected objects are determined and stored. On the basis of these stored directions of movement of detected objects, an initial direction of movement corresponding to a direction of movement of an object detected previously in the same location can be assigned to a newly detected object in a simple manner.

Abstract: A radar system to track objects for a vehicle may include a plurality of transmitters to transmit a signal; a plurality of receivers to receive the signal; and an adjustment circuit to adjust the bandwidth of the transmitted signal in accordance with the received signal from the receivers of the radar system.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for ranging, following and positioning of a mobile device. The apparatus includes an emitting unit, a receiving unit, and a computing unit. The emitting unit and the receiving unit are connected to the computing unit. The emitting unit is configured to emit a centimeter wave to an object to be followed. The receiving unit is configured to receive the centimeter wave. The computing unit is configured to calculate a distance between the mobile device and the object to be followed according to a time difference between emission of the centimeter wave and reception of the centimeter wave, and further calculate a movement distance according to the distance and a threshold distance difference. The present invention can be made waterproof and oil resistant. Compared with the technology using laser, the present invention better prevents measurement failure caused by permeability of the medium.

Abstract: An electronic device according to various embodiments of the present invention may include at least one antenna, a communication module, a sensor module for sensing a direction of the electronic device, and a processor, wherein the processor may be configured to receive at least one wireless communication signal from a first external electronic device through the communication module, obtain direction information of the electronic device using the sensor module, receive at least one wireless communication signal information received at a second external electronic device and direction information of the second external electronic device from the second external electronic device, and determine the direction in which the first external electronic device is located, by using the at least one wireless communication signal information received from the first external electronic device, the direction information of the electronic device, and the at least one wireless communication signal information and the direct

Abstract: The presented invention claims new method for transmission of a quantization value by segmenting the quantization range into a number of number of contiguous value ranges, and using a quantization with scaling in each of value range, to reduce the quantization error, wherein the quantization is applied to those timing measurements when they are transmitted from the mobile station to the network server.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detection of threats in secure areas are disclosed. Microwaves are transmitted into high traffic areas and are reflected off or transmitted through targets within that area. The resulting signals are detected at receiving antennas which are designed to have a high cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) such that co- and cross-polarizations of the resulting signals are separable for further processing. The receiving antennas of the present invention comprise elliptical antennas with a double-ridged waveguide on the interior and a conically-shaped exterior. This particular design for the receiving antennas allows to technologically obtain an XPD of about 30 dB or more for solid angles measured from a receiving antenna's boresight (the main lobe axis), and formed by rotating the corresponding 30-degree planar angle around the main lobe axis, the solid angles measuring approximately 0.84 sr, in a frequency range between 9.5 and 20 GHz.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods associated with an antenna system comprising a tension member configured to be towed by an aerial platform. In some embodiments, a first end of the tension member may be secured to the aerial platform and the second end may extend unsecured from the aerial platform at a different elevation than the first end. A plurality of antenna assemblies, each comprising at least one antenna, may be secured to and spaced along the length of the tension member. Each of the plurality of antennas may be adapted for use with a particular frequency or frequency bandwidth. For example, each of the plurality of antennas may be adapted or tuned for one or more frequencies useful for synthetic aperture radar (SAR). In some embodiments, a receiving system, a communication link, and/or an antenna location system may be utilized.

Abstract: In a method and device for suppressing range ambiguity in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), azimuth transmission-phase modulation is performed respectively, using a preset rule for phase modulation, on pulse signal data transmitted on a channel of Horizontal (H) polarization and pulse signal data transmitted on a channel of Vertical (V) polarization. Full polarimetric echo data corresponding to the transmission-phase modulated pulse signal data transmitted on the channel of H polarization and the transmission-phase modulated pulse signal data transmitted on the channel of V polarization are acquired. Azimuth phase demodulation is performed on the full polarimetric echo data using a preset rule for phase demodulation. Echo data are acquired by filtering out, using a preset azimuth filter, range-ambiguity energy from the phase demodulated full polarimetric echo data.

Abstract: A sensing system for a vehicle includes at least one radar sensor disposed at the vehicle and having a field of sensing exterior of the vehicle. The at least one radar sensor includes multiple transmitting antennas and multiple receiving antennas. The transmitting antennas transmit signals and the receiving antennas receive the signals reflected off objects. Radar data sensed by the at least one radar sensor is received at a control, and a vehicle motion estimation is received at the control. The control, responsive at least in part to the received sensed radar data and the received vehicle motion estimation, generates a surface model representative of the surface along which the vehicle is traveling.