Abstract: The disclosure is a single-tube multiplex assay, capable of simultaneously detecting multiple nucleic acid targets, using multiple hybridization primers and probes, labeled with the same fluorescent reporter label, but each having a distinct annealing temperature. The assay can be further multiplexed with the use of multiple sets of hybridization primers and probes, each set labeled with a separate fluorescent reporter label.

Abstract: The invention provides methods, compositions, kits and devices for the detection of target molecules. In some embodiments, the invention allows for multiplexed target molecule detection.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are RNA nanopores that can be used for single molecule sensing, disease diagnosis, and even protein sequencing.

Abstract: The invention discloses diagnostic techniques based on single cell genomics, consisting of obtaining a blood sample, enriching a sub-population of cells present in the blood sample, sequestering individual cells or group of cells from the blood sample, obtaining sequencing data from the sequestered cells or group of cells, using genetic variant information to determine the provenance of the cells, and genetically analyzing the cells of the correct provenance to provide a diagnostic readout. Using the cell-based testing techniques of the invention, the number of false positives is greatly reduced when compared to cell-free DNA (cfDNA) based traditional testing techniques. The invention may be effectively employed for non-invasive prenatal (NIPT) diagnostics, oncological testing and other diagnostic procedures.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for DNA barcoding of designer mononucleosome and polynucleosome (chromatin array) libraries for use, for example, for the profiling of chromatin readers, writers, erasers, and modulators thereof.

Abstract: Next Generation DNA sequencing promises to revolutionize clinical medicine and basic research. However, while this technology has the capacity to generate hundreds of billions of nucleotides of DNA sequence in a single experiment, the error rate of approximately 1% results in hundreds of millions of sequencing mistakes. These scattered errors can be tolerated in some applications but become extremely problematic when “deep sequencing” genetically heterogeneous mixtures, such as tumors or mixed microbial populations. To overcome limitations in sequencing accuracy, a method Duplex Consensus Sequencing (DCS) is provided. This approach greatly reduces errors by independently tagging and sequencing each of the two strands of a DNA duplex. As the two strands are complementary, true mutations are found at the same position in both strands. In contrast, PCR or sequencing errors will result in errors in only one strand.

Abstract: Next Generation DNA sequencing promises to revolutionize clinical medicine and basic research. However, while this technology has the capacity to generate hundreds of billions of nucleotides of DNA sequence in a single experiment, the error rate of approximately 1% results in hundreds of millions of sequencing mistakes. These scattered errors can be tolerated in some applications but become extremely problematic when “deep sequencing” genetically heterogeneous mixtures, such as tumors or mixed microbial populations. To overcome limitations in sequencing accuracy, a method Duplex Consensus Sequencing (DCS) is provided. This approach greatly reduces errors by independently tagging and sequencing each of the two strands of a DNA duplex. As the two strands are complementary, true mutations are found at the same position in both strands. In contrast, PCR or sequencing errors will result in errors in only one strand.

Abstract: Next Generation DNA sequencing promises to revolutionize clinical medicine and basic research. However, while this technology has the capacity to generate hundreds of billions of nucleotides of DNA sequence in a single experiment, the error rate of approximately 1% results in hundreds of millions of sequencing mistakes. These scattered errors can be tolerated in some applications but become extremely problematic when “deep sequencing” genetically heterogeneous mixtures, such as tumors or mixed microbial populations. To overcome limitations in sequencing accuracy, a method Duplex Consensus Sequencing (DCS) is provided. This approach greatly reduces errors by independently tagging and sequencing each of the two strands of a DNA duplex. As the two strands are complementary, true mutations are found at the same position in both strands. In contrast, PCR or sequencing errors will result in errors in only one strand.

Abstract: The disclosure provides, among other things, compositions and methods useful for maintaining splicing fidelity in a cell. The compositions can include a compound that modulates the expression level or activity of one or more components of the spliceosome complex in a cell. In some embodiments, the compound is useful for restoring the expression level or activity of one or more splicing complex components to the expression level or activity present in the cell at an earlier chronological age. In some embodiments, the compound is useful for modulating the expression level or activity of one or more splicing complex components in the cell to the expression level or activity present in the cell under caloric restriction.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a marker for diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, etc. which can accurately diagnose whether allergic rhinitis has developed or not, or the risk of developing allergic rhinitis. It is possible to accurately diagnose whether allergic rhinitis has developed or not, or the risk of developing allergic rhinitis by using human CRLF2 (cytokine receptor-like factor 2) gene or human ETV7 (ETS variant 7) gene or human CRLF2 protein or human ETV7 protein as a biomarker and detecting increased expression of mRNA or cDNA of the gene or increased expression of the protein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a signature including at least 3 markers, as well as a method for the prognosis of dry eye disease in a subject, wherein the method includes assessing the expression of markers of a signature in a sample from the subject. Also disclosed is a kit for implementing this method.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention provides a method for classifying the quality of a repair response after injury to a joint of a human or veterinary patient including determining expression levels of at least one of a plurality of genes listed in FIG. 4(A) expressed in a tissue sample taken from the joint.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for diagnosis and differentiation of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), by quantifying miRNAs in bodily fluids.

Abstract: Described herein is the identification of the NMT1, NMT2 and metAP2 genes, mRNA overexpressed in PBMCs of patients with adenomatous polyps in comparison with patients with non-adenomatous polyps and healthy controls. We also discovered that NMT2 levels are higher in the PBMCs of patients adenomatous polyps in comparison with patients with non-adenomatous polyps and healthy control subjects.

Abstract: The invention features methods to predict the response to a cardiac therapy in a patient suffering from a cardiac disease, e.g., heart failure. The invention features measurement expression of biomarkers that help in this prediction. The invention also features methods for treatment of cardiac diseases. These methods include cardiac resynchronization therapy and miRNA based therapeutics.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of identifying an agent that modulates an oncogenic signaling pathway in a biological sample by generating a translational profile of gene translational levels in the biological sample. The present invention also provides diagnostic and therapeutic methods using the translational profiling methods described herein.

Abstract: This disclosure provides mutant genes related to drug resistance and relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and a use thereof, treatment or prevention of drug resistance and relapse of ALL and a use thereof, a use of compound Lometrexol and related inhibitors targeting GART and AITC in prevention and treatment of drug resistance and relapse of ALL, and a kit for evaluation of the risk of drug resistance and relapse of ALL. The mutation gene is a mutant gene of PRPS1. The drug acts on enzymes in purine synthesis pathway and reduces drug resistance and relapse by decreasing the concentration of hypoxanthine. The kit comprises reagents for lysis of sample cells and an instruction, wherein the instruction comprises: (i) collection and lysis of the sample cells; (b) determination of the contents of hypoxanthine, IMP, AICAR and Inosine; (c) evaluation of the risk of the drug resistance and relapse of ALL.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of biomarker analysis, particularly determining gene expression signatures from biological samples, including plasma samples.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of how to provide a predictive marker useful for carcinogenesis surveillance after hepatitis C virus eradication. Provided is a predictive marker composed of a single nucleotide polymorphism specified by rs17047200. In the present invention, the single nucleotide polymorphism is detected in nucleic acid samples collected from subjects, thereby to examine the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma after of hepatitis C virus eradication.

Abstract: The invention relates to modulating the SIRP?-CD47 interaction in order to treat hematological cancer and compounds therefor. In some embodiments, there is provided methods and uses of SIRP? polypeptides, fragments and fusion proteins for treating hematological cancer, preferably human acute myeloid leukemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for screening human tissue or fluid samples for changes in the expression of genes, in particular CGB2 and CBG1, characteristic of poor prognosis in cancer such as bladder cancer. The methods have application for the screening, diagnosis or monitoring of other common epithelial cancers including those of the bladder, breast, cervix, colon, endometrium, kidney, lung (including small cell lung carcinoma—SCLC), nasal/pharynx, oro/facial, ovary, prostate, pancreas, vagina and vulva. Methods of treating cancers by reducing the level of expression of CGB2 and CGB1 or products thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: Described herein are methods, compositions and kits directed to the detection of gene dysregulations such as those arising from gene fusions and/or chromosomal abnormalities, e.g., translocations, insertions, inversions and deletions. Samples containing dysregulated gene(s) of interest may show independent expression patterns for the 5? and 3? regions of the gene. The methods, compositions and kits are useful for detecting mutations that cause the differential expression of a 5? portion of a target gene relative to the 3? region of the target gene.

Abstract: Methods and kits for detection and quantification of EGFRvIII in the peripheral blood for monitoring the therapy of GBM patients.

Abstract: The application discloses new biomarkers and methods useful in the diagnosis, prognosis and/or monitoring of, or as a therapeutic or research target for, solid tumour cancers, such as colorectal cancer, based on measuring the biomarkers; and related kits and devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to oligonucleotides comprising, or consisting of, the nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO 4 or to oligonucleotides having nucleotide sequences homologous thereto; or to oligonucleotides having a nucleotide sequence complementary to the nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO 4 or to oligonucleotides having nucleotide sequences homologous to the complementary nucleotide sequence; or to oligonucleotides having, in view of the reading direction 5??3?, a nucleotide sequence having an opposite reading direction to the nucleotide sequence SEQ ID NO 4, or to oligonucleotides having nucleotide sequences homologous to the opposite reading direction nucleotide sequence: SEQ ID NO 4 cgaacccc*a cctcc 15, wherein * represents insert “c”. The invention also relates to the use of the oligonucleotides for a real time PCR.

Abstract: Provided herein are a probe capable of simultaneously detecting a virus and treating virus-infected cells, a composition for detecting a virus, which comprises the probe, a composition for treating a virus, which comprises the probe, and a method of detecting a virus or treating a viral infection by using the same. According to the present disclosure, it is possible to simultaneously perform diagnosis by virus detection and treatment of virus-infected cells, and in particular, diagnosis and treatment may be simultaneously performed on various types of viruses by varying the type of molecular beacon, and thus may be usefully applied to virus diagnosis and treatment fields, which require rapid diagnosis and treatment, and the spread of viral infections may be effectively prevented. In addition, the probe of the present disclosure has excellent stability and excellent detection sensitivity, and thus enables the detection of even a very low amount of a target at the pmole level.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of detecting HIV-1 nucleic acids in a sample (such as from a sample containing or suspected to contain HIV-1 nucleic acid). In some examples, the methods include loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) or reverse transcription-LAMP (RT-LAMP). In some examples, the methods include contacting a sample with one or more sets of LAMP primers specific for HIV-1 (such as LAMP primers specific for an HIV-1 integrase nucleic acid or LAMP primers specific for an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase nucleic acid) under conditions sufficient to produce an amplification product and detecting the amplification product. Sets of LAMP primers for detection of HIV-1 integrase nucleic acids (such as SEQ ID NOs: 8-14 or 8-27) and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase nucleic acids (such as SEQ ID NOs: 1-7) are provided herein.

Abstract: A method of determining the latent HIV reservoir level in a subject includes obtaining a blood sample from an HIV+ subject, isolating CD4+ T cells from the biological sample, administering one or more HIV transcription inducing agents to the isolated CD4+ T cells, isolating RNA from the CD4+ T-cells that includes HIV env mRNA, producing a plurality of first amplicons from the from the isolated RNA using a first primer set that corresponds to an HIV genomic region encoding the HIV env protein, producing a plurality of second amplicons from the plurality of first amplicons using a second primer set, the second primer set including one or more adapter sequences and/or uniquely identifiable barcode sequences, and determining the nucleic acid sequences of the second amplicons, wherein the determined nucleic acid sequences in the sample are indicative of the amount of inducible cell-associated HIV env RNA in the sample and indicative of the latent HIV reservoir in the subject.

Abstract: Disclosed are nucleic acid oligomers for amplifying one or more selected regions of HCV nucleic acid. Also disclosed are methods for specific amplification and characterization of HCV nucleic acid using the disclosed oligomers, as well as corresponding reaction mixtures and kits.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes systems and methods for hydrolyzing (e.g., pretreatment and/or enzymatic hydrolysis) lignocellulosic biomass into one or more sugars such as pentose and glucose sugars. The present disclosure includes configurations that incorporate flashing and/or liquid cooling so as to permit desirable throughput. The present disclosure also includes a liquefaction configuration so as to permit desirable (e.g., continuous high volume) throughput.

Abstract: An upholstery layer of a vehicle interior panel includes an airbag tear seam formed as a plurality of blind cuts arranged along a tear seam pattern. Each one of the blind cuts is formed by laser material removal at a plurality of locations along the pattern. Laser energy is delivered to the upholstery layer in a series of ultra-short pulses to form the blind cuts, which are formed in the upholstery layer while separate from a substrate of the panel. This technique is particularly useful with leather upholstery materials, in which non-visible airbag tear seams have been proven difficult to form.

Abstract: A blast furnace control system may include a hardware processor that generates a deep learning based predictive model for forecasting hot metal temperature, where the actual measured HMT data is only available sparsely, and for example, measured at irregular interval of time. HMT data points may be imputed by interpolating the HMT measurement data. HMT gradients are computed and a model is generated to learn a relationship between state variables and the HTM gradients. HMT may be forecasted for a time point, in which no measured HMT data is available. The forecasted HMT may be transmitted to a controller coupled to a blast furnace, to trigger a control action to control a manufacturing process occurring in the blast furnace.

Abstract: A blast furnace control system may include a hardware processor that generates a deep learning based predictive model for forecasting hot metal temperature, where the actual measured HMT data is only available sparsely, and for example, measured at irregular interval of time. HMT data points may be imputed by interpolating the HMT measurement data. HMT gradients are computed and a model is generated to learn a relationship between state variables and the HTM gradients. HMT may be forecasted for a time point, in which no measured HMT data is available. The forecasted HMT may be transmitted to a controller coupled to a blast furnace, to trigger a control action to control a manufacturing process occurring in the blast furnace.

Abstract: A cryogenic chamber system can include a vacuum chamber operable at a vacuum pressure of 100 mTorr or less, and a cold head assembly including an expander for receiving and expanding cryogenic fluid for cooling a cold head interface. The cold head assembly can be positioned within the vacuum chamber. The cryogenic chamber system can further include a thermally conductive platform thermally coupled to the cold head interface within the vacuum chamber, wherein the thermally conductive platform has a working surface having a surface area that is at least 10 times larger than a surface area of the cold head interface. The working surface can be configured to reach a temperature from about 4 K to about 120 K at the vacuum pressure as a result of thermal coupling with the cold head interface.

Abstract: Provided are a method of manufacturing an electrically heated steel sheet to protect incline of a coating layer and a steel sheet manufactured by the method. The steel sheet may include an Al-based coating layer including an aluminum-iron intermetallic compound through heat treatment before electrically heating the steel sheet i during a hot forming process such that incline of the coating layer in the electrical heating can be prevented. In particular, the method may include: heat-treating a steel sheet; electrical heating the heat-treated steel sheet; pressing and forming the heated steel sheet; and cooling the formed steel sheet.

Abstract: A high-strength steel sheet exhibiting excellent ductility and stretch-flangeability, and a method for manufacturing such a high-strength steel sheet. The high-strength steel sheet has a chemical composition including specific proportions of components in which C/Mn is 0.08 to 0.20, the balance being iron and inevitable impurities, and includes microstructures including, in terms of area fraction relative to all the microstructures, 40% to 70% total of ferrite and bainitic ferrite, 5% to 35% martensite and 5% to 30% retained austenite. The proportion of martensite (including retained austenite) adjacent to bainitic ferrite is not less than 60% of all martensite (including retained austenite). The proportion of 4.0 GPa and smaller differences in microhardness measured at 0.5 ?m intervals is not less than 70%. The proportion of microstructures with 8.0 GPa or smaller microhardness is not less than 85% of all the microstructures.

Abstract: A hot pressed member having all of: high strength of 1500 MPa or more in tensile strength TS; high ductility of 6.0% or more in uniform elongation uEl; and excellent heat treatment hardenability of increasing in yield stress YS by 150 MPa or more when subjected to heat treatment (baking finish) is provided. A hot pressed member comprises: a predetermined chemical composition (in particular, low C of 0.090% or more and less than 0.30% and high Mn of 3.5% or more and less than 11.0%); a microstructure including a martensite phase of 70.0% or more in volume fraction and a retained austenite phase of 3.0% or more and 30.0% or less in volume fraction; and a dislocation density of 1.0×1016/m2 or more.

Abstract: A Ti-containing ferritic stainless steel sheet having a large gauge thickness and excellent toughness has a chemical composition containing, in terms of percentage by mass, from 0.003 to 0.030% of C, 2.0% or less of Si, 2.0% or less of Mn, 0.050% or less of P, 0.040% or less of S, from 10.0 to 19.0% of Cr, 0.030% or less of N, from 0.07 to 0.50% of Ti, from 0.010 to 0.20% of Al, from 0 to 1.50% of Mo, and from 0 to 0.0030% of B, the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel has a K value defined by the following expression of 150 or more: K value=?0.07?Cr?6790?Free(C+N)?1.44?d+267, and having a sheet thickness of from 5.0 to 11.0 mm. Herein, Free(C+N) corresponds to the solid-dissolved (C+N) concentration (% by mass), and d represents an average crystal grain diameter (?m).

Abstract: A weathering steel made by preparing a molten melt producing an as-cast carbon alloy steel strip with a corrosion index of at least 6.0 comprising, by weight, 0.02%-0.08% carbon, <0.6% silicon, 0.2%-2.0% manganese, <0.03% phosphorus, <0.01% sulfur, <0.01% nitrogen, 0.2%-0.5% copper, 0.01%-0.2% niobium, 0.01%-0.2% vanadium, 0.1%-0.4% chromium, 0.08%-0.25% nickel, <0.01% aluminum, and the remainder iron and impurities. The molten melt is solidified and cooled into a cast strip 4 mm in thickness in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The strip is hot rolled in an austenitic temperature range above Ar3 to between 10% and 50% reduction, cooled at above 20° C./s and coiled below 700° C. to form a steel strip with a microstructure comprising bainite and acicular ferrite with more than 70% niobium in solid solution. Then, age hardening the strip resulting in a yield strength of at least 550 MPa and a total elongation of at least 8%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the separation of vanadium in the form of vanadium oxide, iron-vanadium-oxide, or iron-vanadium from solutions containing both dissolved iron and dissolved vanadium, wherein an aqueous solution containing dissolved iron and vanadium in a molar iron-to-vanadium ratio of above 1:1, preferably above 1:1 and up to 10000:1, more preferably between 5:1 and 1000:1, even more preferably between 5:1 and 100:1, and most preferably between 10:1 and 50:1 and optionally also other elements is oxidized in an oxidation step with a gaseous oxidation media, and wherein the amount of acid in the aqueous solution is kept below the stoichiometric amount of acid required during bivalent iron oxidation and the precipitate thus formed is removed from the solution.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a lead-free high tensile brass alloy containing 0-65 wt. % Cu; 0.4-3 wt. % Mn; 0.55-3 wt. % Sn; 1 wt. % Fe; max 1 wt.-% Ni; max. 1 wt.-% Al; max 1.5 wt.-% Si; the remainder being Zn and inevitable impurities, and the sum of elements Mn and Sn being at least 1.3 wt.-% and not more than 6.0 wt.-%.

Abstract: The present invention provides first generation Ni-based directionally solidified alloy containing none of Co and Re, which has excellent TMF characteristics, creep property and environment-resistant characteristics, and is superior in cost performance in practical use. The Ni-based directionally solidified alloy according to one embodiment of the present invention consists of Cr: 6% by mass or more and 12% by mass or less; Mo: 0.4% by mass or more and 3.0% by mass or less; W: 6% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less; Al: 4.0% by mass or more and 6.5% by mass or less; Nb: 0% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less; Ta: 8% by mass or more and 12% by mass or less; Hf: 0% by mass or more and 0.15% by mass or less; Si: 0.01% by mass or more and 0.2% by mass or less; Zr: 0% by mass or more and 0.04% by mass or less; B: 0.01% by mass or more and 0.03% by mass or less; and C: 0.01% by mass or more and 0.3% by mass or less, and a balance of Ni and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: Al—Fe—Si alloys having optimized properties through the use of additives are disclosed. In some aspects, mechanical properties are optimized using mechanical-optimizing additives such as a combination of boron, zirconium, chromium and molybdenum. In some aspects, corrosion-inhibiting properties are optimized using corrosion-inhibiting additives such as chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten. In some aspects, ductility is optimized by the inclusion of twinning additives such as any of zinc, copper, vanadium, and molybdenum.

Abstract: Al—Fe—Si alloys having optimized properties through the use of additives are disclosed. In some aspects, an alloy includes aluminum in a first amount, iron in a second amount, silicon in a third amount, and an additive in a fourth amount. The additive is selected from the group consisting of a non-metal additive, a transition-metal additive, a rare-metal additive, and combinations thereof. The first amount, the second amount, the third amount, and the fourth amount produce an alloy with a stoichiometric formula (Al1-xAx)3Fe2Si where A is the additive.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy, in particular for a casting method, where the aluminum alloy includes at least aluminum, magnesium, manganese and copper. The aluminum alloy includes 0.001 to 0.50 wt. % of molybdenum, 0.05 to 0.4.5 wt. % of magnesium, 0.05 to 0.60 wt. % of manganese, up to 1.5 wt. % of iron, 0.25 to 4.00 wt. % of copper and 0.001 to 0.25 wt. % of vanadium.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a magnesium alloy sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of casting a molten metal containing 2.7 to 5 wt % of Al, 0.75 to 1 wt % of Zn, 0.1 to 0.7 wt % of Ca and 1 wt % or less (Excluding 0 wt %) of Mn and consisting of the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities to produce a casted material (S10), subjecting the casted material to homogenization heat treatment (S20) and warm-rolling the casted material subjected to homogenization treatment (S30).

Abstract: Provided is an aluminum-diamond-based composite which can be processed with high dimensional accuracy. The flat-plate-shaped aluminum-diamond-based composite is coated with a surface layer of which the entire surface has an average film thickness of 0.01-0.2 mm and which contains not less than 80 volume % of a metal containing an aluminum.

Abstract: Metallic matrix composites include a high strength titanium aluminide alloy matrix and an in situ formed aluminum oxide reinforcement. The atomic percentage of aluminum in the titanium aluminide alloy matrix can vary from 40% to 48%. Included are methods of making the metallic matrix composites, in particular, through the performance of an exothermic chemical reaction. The metallic matrix composites can exhibit low porosity.

Abstract: Provided is a cylindrical member made of flake graphite cast iron that has practical processability as well as excellent mechanical strength and further is excellent in abrasion resistance and seizing resistance. Specifically, provided is a cylindrical member made of flake graphite cast iron, the flake graphite cast iron including a composition containing, in terms of mass %, 2.85% or more and 3.35% or less of C, 1.95% or more and 2.55% or less of Si, 0.45% or more and 0.8% or less of Mn, 0.03% or more and 0.25% or less of P, 0.15% or less of S, 0.15% or more and 0.55% or less of Cr, 0.15% or more and 0.65% or less of Mo, 0.15% or more and 0.65% or less of Ni, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: Provided are high-strength steel having superior brittle crack arrestability and a production method therefor. The high-strength steel comprises 0.05-0.1 wt % of C, 1.5-2.2 wt % of Mn, 0.3-1.2 wt % of Ni, 0.005-0.1 wt % of Nb, 0.005-0.1 wt % of Ti, 0.1-0.5 wt % of Cu, 0.1-0.3 wt % of Si, at most 100 ppm of P, and at most 40 ppm of S with the remainder being Fe and other inevitable impurities, has microstructures including one structure selected from the group consisting of a single-phase structure of ferrite, a single phase structure of bainite, a complex-phase structure of ferrite and bainite, a complex-phase structure of ferrite and pearlite, and a complex-phase structure of ferrite, bainite, and pearlite, and has a thickness of at least 50 mm. The high-strength steel has high yield strength and superior brittle crack arrestability.