Abstract: A guardrail system for use along a roadway. The system can include a longitudinal body having one or more longitudinal void spaces formed therein, at least one substantially vertical post connected at one or both ends of the body, and a longitudinal member disposed within any one of the longitudinal void spaces of the body having a crosswise ultimate tensile strength that is at least 20% greater than the crosswise ultimate tensile strength of the longitudinal body.

Abstract: A method of installing an asphalt pavement, which method involves: identifying a surface to be paved; applying a non-tracking layer of binder composition to the surface; and permitting the application of an asphalt layer over the non-tracking layer of binder composition. The binder composition consists essentially of: at least one asphalt binder; at least one elastomer; and ethylene bis stearamide. In a further embodiment the binder composition consists essentially of: at least one asphalt binder; at least one elastomer; sulfur; and ethylene bis stearamide. The composition is applied as a tack coat and/or a stress absorbing membrane interlayer and is non-tracking.

Abstract: Particulate infill from a worn down infilled artificial turf, particularly a sand/rubber mixture which includes crumb rubber from vehicle tires, is extracted from a prior field and then thereafter incorporated into the top surface of the compacted base at the same site, thereby to assure better drainage conditions in the compacted base for the subsequently installed field. The extracted and incorporated infill helps to maintain open drainage channels throughout the top of the compacted base, particularly in areas where limestone is prevalent. Otherwise, the limestone “fines” are susceptible to compacting and creating a cement-like crust at the top of the base. An existing infill extractor/collector device is modified to operate in a second mode, so that instead of merely performing the conventional bagging of the already-used infill, the already-used infill is laterally diverted back on to the base at the same site, and thereafter, distributed and tilled into the base.

Abstract: An infilled artificial turf surface [18] includes a particulate infill [24] with at least a top layer [28] that comprises a mixture of Black walnut shell particles [30] and English walnut shell particles [32], the walnut shell particles [30, 32] having been treated so as to eliminate or substantially remove tree nut allergens that are known to activate allergies in some humans. Preferably, treatment occurs via heat treatment in a rotary furnace, which also rounds and smoothes the particles [30, 32]. Particularly if used in the top layer [28] of a particulate infill [24] of an artificial turf surface [18], the shape and size and proportion of the Black walnut shell particles [30] and the English walnut shell particles [32] provide stability for the resulting turf surface [18], while also being able to absorb water applied thereto, thereby to hold moisture and to provide evaporative cooling of the artificial turf surface [18] for up to about five hours.

Abstract: A screeding machine for screeding an uncured concrete surface includes a screed head assembly movable over the concrete surface via the screeding machine. A pair of elevation sensors disposed at opposite ends of the screed head assembly sense an elevation of the respective end of the screed head assembly. An angle sensor disposed at the screed head assembly senses a pitch angle and/or a roll angle of the screed head assembly. A gyroscope sensor disposed at the screed head assembly senses rotational velocity of the screed head assembly about a lateral axis and/or a longitudinal axis of the screed head assembly. A control uses gyroscope sensor data and angle sensor data to determine pitch angle and/or roll angle of the screed head assembly. The control controls the screed head assembly based on the signals from one or both of the elevation sensors and the determined pitch and/or roll angles.

Abstract: A method includes determining a first temperature of paving material, determining a first location of a paving machine corresponding to the first temperature, determining a second temperature of the paving material, and determining a second location of the paving machine corresponding to the second temperature. The method also includes generating a paving material map based at least partly on the first and second temperatures, and the first and second locations. The method further includes causing at least part of the paving material map to be displayed. The displayed at least part of the paving material map including visual indicia indicating the first temperature and the second temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a road paver, particularly a small road paver, for paving a subbase layer in a working direction (a), with a machine frame, a traveling mechanism, a material hopper for receiving paving material, a paving screed for smoothing and compacting the paving material, a transverse distribution device for distributing paving material in the working direction (a) in front of the paving screed and transversely to the working direction (a), the transverse distribution device being supported at the machine frame via a support housing, and a height adjustment device for vertical adjustment of the transverse distribution device relative to the machine frame, wherein the support housing is supported at the machine frame such that it is height-adjustable via a quick coupling apparatus, wherein the quick coupling apparatus comprises at least one oblong hole with an expanded insertion portion and a sliding device, wherein the sliding device can be inserted into the oblong hole through the expan

Abstract: Every time the haulage vehicle position data and the road surface condition data are received from a haulage vehicle 120, the segment including a position specified by the haulage vehicle position data, a reception time, and the road surface condition data are associated with one another for accumulation. Every time the repair vehicle position data and the work status data indicating a working state are received from a repair vehicle 130, the road surface condition data associated with the segment including a position specified by the accumulated repair vehicle position data is reset. Every time the road surface condition data is newly accumulated, a prediction function is determined to predict a chronological change in road surface conditions of the segment based on the road surface condition data accumulated on a segment-by-segment basis and a repair scheduled time-of-day is calculated according to the prediction function to output to an output apparatus.

Abstract: A milling machine includes a frame, a ground engaging rotor assembly, a moldboard, and a hydraulic cylinder including a piston rod and a piston barrel. The ground engaging rotor assembly is at least partially enclosed by the moldboard. The moldboard is vertically movable via the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is coupled to the frame via a dual-trunnion assembly.

Abstract: A milling machine includes a frame, a ground-engaging rotor assembly coupled to the frame, and a rotor chamber surrounding the ground-engaging rotor assembly. The rotor chamber includes a moldboard having a top, a bottom, and two sides positioned between the top and the bottom, and the moldboard further having an open position and a closed position. The rotor chamber also includes at least one movable pin secured to the moldboard, the pin being movable by an in-line actuator between a pin extended position and a pin retracted position. Further, the rotor chamber includes a rotor chamber frame wall having an opening located to receive the pin when the pin is in the extended position and the moldboard is in the closed position, and the receiving of the pin in the rotor chamber frame wall opening secures the moldboard from movement.

Abstract: An earth working machine (10), for example a road milling machine (10), recycler, stabilizer, or surface miner, having a propelling unit (22) and a machine frame (12) carried by the propelling unit (22), comprises a working apparatus (32) for earth working; an operator's platform (24), having an operating console (26) for controlling at least one functional device (32) of the earth working machine (10), being provided on the machine frame (12); the operating console (26) comprising a console body (52) and an operating panel (54, 66) that is movable relative to the console body (52) and has at least one operating element (58) associated or associatable with a functional device (32, 39) for control thereof.

Abstract: A device to protect a structural member against a cutting threat, such as a saw blade or thermal cutting device, is provided. The device provides a substrate having a cavity disposed therein. A cutting resistant element is disposed within the cavity to impede cutting of a cutting device, such as a saw blade or thermal cutting device, into the cutting resistant element.

Abstract: A barrier stand for a barrier comprising an elastic cable, has an elongate member (2) of generally tubular form and being adapted to be mounted on a base so as to stand in a vertical position. The stand has a hollow top section, and at least one slot (6) extending downwardly from the top of the top section and being open at its upper end, the slot (6) being adapted to receive a cable. A clamping device (4) is located in the hollow section and is biased resiliently to a clamping position for clamping a cable securely to the stand.

Abstract: An exemplary vehicle barrier includes a beam extending longitudinally between opposing end posts, the longitudinally extending beam positioned vertically above a ground level and separating an asset side from an attack side, the beam comprising beam sections and a crash post positioned in a same vertical plane as the beam, wherein adjacent beam sections are pivotally connected to the crash post.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a snow melt pad that may include a chemical de-icing composition encapsulated within a pouch secured to a substrate. One or more anchor members such as hook and loop strips may be attached to the back or underside of the substrate. The anchor members may help keep the snow melt pad in place when walked or driven over and allow the pad to be repositioned and replaced as necessary.

Abstract: A method includes receiving first information indicative of a location of a perimeter of a worksite surface, and receiving second information indicative of compaction requirements specific to the worksite surface. The method also includes generating a compaction plan based at least partly on the first and second information. Such a compaction plan includes a travel path for a compaction machine. In such a method, the travel path is substantially within the perimeter of the worksite surface. The method also includes causing at least part of the travel path to be displayed via a control interface of the compaction machine. The method further includes receiving an input indicative of approval of the travel path, and controlling operation of the compaction machine on the worksite surface, in accordance with the compaction plan, based at least partly on receiving the input.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for real-time compensation for ground movements which would otherwise adversely affect an existing built environment. Embodiments may include providing a plurality of holes in soil for the injection of a substance that expands as a consequence of a chemical reaction. The plurality of holes may be located between a source of movement and an asset to be protected. Embodiments may also include injecting, in at least one of the plurality of holes, the substance and monitoring, in real-time, at least one of movement of the soil or the asset to be protected. Real-time monitoring may occur during an activity that is causing the ground movements. Embodiments may further include obtaining real-time monitoring data, based upon, at least in part, the monitoring.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method for treating sand or sandy soil in desert or desertified land, comprising spreading water and a solid organic substance in any order or by directly spreading an adhesive and cohesive solution containing the solid organic substance onto the surface of desert or desertified land, and then stirring the solution containing the solid organic substance or mixing water and the solid organic substance with sand on the surface of desert or desertified land in a uniform way by a stirring device to finally form a modified sand material. This sand treatment method can be directly implemented on the surface of desert or desertified land without transporting and discharging the mixture onto the surface of desert or desertified land, and thus saving cost and time.

Abstract: A stabilizer anchor securing a manufactured building to the ground while resisting movement from forces against the building, having an elongated rod with a helical flight at a first end and a connector at an opposing end, which rod slidingly receives a plate for movement relative to the rod during installation. A stabilizer member connects between a connector of the rod and an I-beam of the manufactured building for communicating forces on the building to the ground. A method of securing a manufacturing building to the ground while resisting movement in response to forces against the building is disclosed.

Abstract: A silt fence patch for repairing damage to silt fence is disclosed. A silt fence patch may comprise geotextile fabric, an adhesive layer, and a backing. The backing may include indicia of patches, such as patch weave direction, user instructions, or logos. A silt fence patch sheet may comprise multiple silt fence patches. The sheet may include a backing with indicia of each patch, or indicia of the patches may be printed directly on the sheet fabric. A method of repairing damage to silt fence may comprise identifying damage to the silt fence. A damage boundary may surround the damage. The method may further comprise identifying a patch size to cover the damage boundary. The method may further comprise selecting a patch having the identified patch size. Additionally, the method may comprise applying the selected patch to the damage boundary and smoothing the patch over the damage boundary.

Abstract: A manhole cover assembly comprises a base frame, the base frame comprising a base body and a base flange extending laterally outward from the base body. The assembly further comprises a top frame, the top frame comprising a top body disposed annularly about at least a portion of the base body, a top flange extending laterally outward from the top body, and a lip extending laterally inward from the top body.

Abstract: A work vehicle includes a vehicular body, a work implement, a manipulation unit and a controller. The work implement has a boom pivotable with respect to the vehicular body, a dipper stick pivotable with respect to the boom, and a bucket pivotable with respect to the dipper stick. The manipulation unit is operated to output a manipulation command for the work implement. The controller controls the work implement in accordance with the manipulation command received from the manipulation unit. When in accordance with the manipulation command via the manipulation unit the bucket travels in a direction on the side of the back surface of the bucket with respect to the direction of the cutting edge of the bucket, the controller limits movement of the bucket in the direction in accordance with the manipulation command.

Abstract: A system for operating a circle drive gear of a machine includes a pump configured to output pressurized fluid, an implement control valve fluidly coupled to the pump, a bi-directional hydraulic motor located downstream of the implement control valve and fluidly coupled to the implement control valve via a first delivery line and a second delivery line. The hydraulic motor has an output shaft that is configured to be rotatively driven by pressurized fluid output by the pump. A brake is disposed on the output shaft of the hydraulic motor and engages with the output shaft with the help of a spring force for reducing a rotational speed of the output shaft in a brake engage state. The brake operatively disengages from the output shaft in a brake release state with the help of fluid pressure in at least one of the first delivery line and the second delivery line.

Abstract: An excavator comprises a machine chassis, boom, stick, and implement. The boom, stick, and implement collectively define a variable implement angle ?Bucket(t) indicative of a current position of the implement relative to horizontal as a function of time t. The implement comprises teeth extending a tooth height h from an internal leading edge JI to an external leading edge JE. The teeth are spaced along JI and define an active raking ratio r. Controllers are programmed to execute an implement teeth grading offset determination process that comprises determining a variable implement offset angle ?Delta(t) at least partially based on a difference between an original target design angle ?Tgt(t) and the variable implement angle ?Bucket(t), determining an implement offset IO based on h, r, and ?Delta(t), and determining a new target design elevation ElvTgt,New(t) based on IO and an original target design elevation ElvTgt,Orig(t).

Abstract: A storage system for storing hydraulic fluid used to drive hydraulically driven components of an agricultural implement and of filling the same are provided. The storage system includes a tank having an underside. The tank has a cavity in an interior thereof for receiving the hydraulic fluid therein. A quick connect coupling is operatively connected to the underside of the tank and has an output end in communication with the cavity in the tank and an input end connectable to a hydraulic fluid source. The quick connect coupling is configured to allow for flow from the input end to the output end thereof.

Abstract: An operational data storage device mounted on an hydraulic excavator is programmed to store operational data including stroke data and movement quantity data. The stroke data represent input operations by the operator of the hydraulic excavator through electric operating levers, and the movement quantity data represent movement quantities of operating members for a front working device equipped with the hydraulic excavator, the operating member being operated according to the input operations. The operational data storage device stores, in an initial state, the operational data in the volatile storage section, generates a save and exit signal if a posture parameter detected at a posture detection sensor included in the hydraulic excavator exceeds a predetermined posture threshold, and responsive to the save and exit signal, switches a write destination of the operational data from the volatile storage section to the non-volatile storage section.

Abstract: A work machine includes directional control valves 43 and 44 each controlling a direction and a flow rate of a pressurized fluid supplied to each a boom cylinder 32 and a bucket cylinder 36; operation amount sensors 51a, 52a, and 52b detecting operation amounts of operation devices 51 and 52; a variable flow control valve 45 that can restrict the flow rate of the pressurized fluid in a meter-in passage of the directional control valve 44 related to the bucket cylinder 36; and a controller 60 controlling the variable flow control valve on the basis of the detection results by the operation amounts from the operation amount sensors, and the controller changes over an action mode to any one of a normal mode for restricting the flow rate of the pressurized fluid by the variable flow control valve and a responsiveness priority mode for not restricting the flow rate of the pressurized fluid by the variable flow control valve in response to the detection results of the operation amounts of the plurality of operation

Abstract: A work machine including: a hydraulic cylinder 20 configured to drive a work implement 3; a control valve 22 configured to connect a delivery line of a hydraulic pump 21 switchingly to a bottom fluid chamber and a rod fluid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 20 and a tank; a pilot pump 23 configured to output a pilot pressure to drive the control valve 22; an engine 24 configured to drive the hydraulic pump 21 and the pilot pump 23; and an accumulator 26 configured to accumulate a return hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic cylinder 20 is provided with: a bypass line 41 configured to connect the bottom fluid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 20 and a delivery line 21a of the hydraulic pump 21 by bypassing the control valve 22 and be provided with the accumulator 26 thereon; a pressure-accumulation control valve 27 provided between the bottom fluid chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 20 and the accumulator 26; a release control valve 28 provided between the accumulator 26 and the delivery line 21a; and a hydraulic

Abstract: The subject matter of this specification can be embodied in, among other things, a fluid actuator including a housing defining a first chamber having a first cavity and a first open end, a first piston assembly including a tubular first piston defining a second chamber having a second cavity and a second open end, disposed in said first housing for reciprocal movement in the first chamber through the first open end, wherein a first seal, the first cavity, and the first piston define a first pressure chamber, and a second piston assembly having an second piston disposed in said first piston assembly for reciprocal movement in the second chamber through the second open end, wherein a second seal, the second cavity, and the second piston define a second pressure chamber, and a first portion of the second piston contacts a first end effector.

Abstract: A tooth as the earth and sand abrasion resistant component includes a base, a first overlay layer disposed in contact with the base so as to cover a distal end face which is a part of a surface of the base, and a second overlay layer disposed on the first overlay layer. The first overlay layer and the second overlay layer each include a matrix made of iron or steel, and cermet particles made of cermet and dispersed in the matrix.

Abstract: A mixer valve (1) having a body (2) and adapted to be connected to two fluid supplies. The mixer valve (1) has at least one connector (6) comprising a housing (8); a fluid delivery tube (10) within the housing, the fluid delivery tube (10) having at least one aperture (22); a slider (16) arranged around and slideable over the delivery tube (10) and having an interior chamber (18) in fluid communication with an interior (20) of the delivery tube by means of the at least one aperture (22); and a fluid inlet (14) connected to the slider (16) at an angle thereto, the fluid inlet (14) being connectable to a fluid supply pipe. The fluid inlet (14) is in fluid communication with the chamber (18), and the housing (8) has an external opening (12) within which the fluid inlet (14) is located and movable.

Abstract: A wall box apparatus and building wall chase system is described. A wall box apparatus is configured to operatively reduce the number of fluid line joints connected to building and machinery plumbing lines, and more particularly to dialysis treatment facilities and kidney-dialysis machines, respectively. A space-saving wall chase system is configured using the wall box to connect plumbing lines in a dialysis treatment facility to dialysis machines.

Abstract: Provided is a multifunctional pullout faucet. The pullout faucet comprises a pullout head, a faucet body, and a pullout hose assembly. The pullout head is provided with a purified-water outlet path and a mixed-water outlet path inside for outputting the purified water and for outputting the mixed water, respectively. The faucet body includes a housing, a valve, a mixed-water outlet tube, a purified-water inlet tube, a purified-water outlet tube, a cold-water inlet tube, a hot-water inlet tube, a purified-water switch and a mixed-water switch; wherein the valve is arranged within the housing, and the housing is connected to the pullout head. The pullout hose assembly is arranged within the housing for introducing the water flow. A purified-water switch is provided for the output of the purified water, and a mixed-water switch is provided for the output of the mixed water.

Abstract: A precision ceramics control valve includes a valve housing, a rotary base mounted in the valve housing, a valve lever mounted on the rotary base and protruding upward from the valve housing, a movable valve plate mounted in the valve housing and located under the rotary base, a fixed valve plate mounted in the valve housing and located under the movable valve plate, a valve seat mounted on a lower end of the valve housing to stop the fixed valve plate, the movable valve plate and the rotary base, and a temperature limiting device mounted in the valve seat.

Abstract: A precision ceramics control balance valve includes a valve housing, a rotary base mounted in the valve housing, a valve lever mounted on the rotary base and protruding upward from the valve housing, a movable valve plate mounted in the valve housing and located under the rotary base, a fixed valve plate mounted in the valve housing and located under the movable valve plate, a valve seat mounted on a lower end of the valve housing to stop the fixed valve plate, the movable valve plate and the rotary base, a temperature limiting device mounted in the valve seat, a pedestal connected with the valve seat, and a balance unit mounted in the pedestal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a faucet with electronic control wherein there is manual flow regulation means of the faucet liquid inlets, whereto solenoid valves are added in series which also allow the shut-off of liquid, where said solenoid valves are governed by control means, whereto is also connected a sensor system which discriminates the user's interactions both on the regulation means, and on the other main parts of the faucet body, said control system acting on the solenoid valves according to said user's interaction on one and another area of the faucet with independent associated sensor system.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention provide a method and a toilet seat system for bariatric users. The bariatric toilet seat system includes a toilet, a bidet seat assembly, and one or more bidet-support spring mechanisms, a flange support mechanism, a lumbar support mechanism, an arm mechanism, and combinations thereof. Heavy weights of a bariatric user is better distributed or absorbed by the design of the bariatric toilet seat system. The bariatric toilet seat system can be automated with a user-friendly control system built inside the bariatric toilet seat system and controlled by an attached control unit or a remote control. Methods of forming the bariatric toilet seat system and methods using the bariatric toilet seat system are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for washing and cleaning a region of a human body with easy to carry, easy to be connected to auxiliary parts, and easy to install and use functions. The apparatus includes a support body, an extended element connected to the support body, a lip element connected to the extended element, and a spray wand assembly connected to the lip element and adapted to deliver liquid with one or more liquid channels therein, wherein the spray wand assembly, includes a distal end element where a spray opening is located.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a filtration device for use in municipal and industrial sewer systems. In one embodiment, the instant invention comprises a device that filters runoff, preventing unwanted chemicals and debris from entering the sewer system. The device comprises a sewer seal that forms a liquid seal to trap hydrocarbons, such as oil, and prevent odors from leaking from the sewer system, while still allowing water to flow through the system. The trap is removable, allowing for easy cleaning, replacement, and maintenance.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to an arrangement (100) for connecting sewerage system and a French drain. The arrangement for a sewerage system comprising a French drain comprises an inspection well device (102) suitable to be connected between a first drain system and a French drain system for enabling installation of said French drain at least partly under of said first drain wherein said inspection well device (102) further comprises a bottom part (104) and a tube part (106) protruding from said bottom part (104) whereby preventing the unwanted water and dirties entering into said French drain.

Abstract: Various decoupler tools are described for disengaging drain cleaning equipment couplings. Such couplings typically include a component secured at an end of a drain cleaning cable and a cutter or other accessory used in a drain cleaning operation. The decoupler tools include one or more pins which are used to retract a spring-actuated plunger in one of the coupling components.

Abstract: A stud bridge member used in the construction industry to span horizontally between vertical metal framing components such as studs and used to brace the vertical metal framing components from various loads is disclosed. The stud bridge member has at least one gusset in a flange and at least one notch of a set of notches that engage with the vertical metal framing components providing a more firm support eliminating the use of a stud bridge clip and its associated costs and installation time for the vertical metal framing components.

Abstract: A connection system for connecting a timber component to a building element, comprising a first holding section for the building element, a second holding section for the timber component, a coupling element which releasably connects the first holding section and the second holding section, wherein the second holding section comprises (i) a timber-component-side fitting having a first contact surface for attachment to a first surface of the timber component, and (ii) a second contact surface for a second surface of the timber component, wherein the first contact surface of the timber-component-side fitting and the second contact surface of the second holding section together enclose an angle (?) other than 180°.

Abstract: A prefabricated building module is described. The building module may provide structural stability for a building, including when stacked with like building modules. The building module may provide a service riser for the building. The building module may provide fixtures for the building, including bathroom, kitchen and laundry fixtures. Also described is a building including prefabricated building modules and a method of constructing a building using prefabricated building modules.

Abstract: A housing unit includes a first super-entity, the SAM super-entity, which comprises active entities and/or active components. The SAM super-entity comprises a lower plinth system, an upper plinth system, and a plurality of cupboard modules arranged between the lower plinth system and the upper plinth system which form the structure of the SAM super-entity.

Abstract: A composite insulation board comprising of a vacuum-insulated capsule; a foam body that encases said capsule, said foam body having first and second opposed planar surfaces; and a layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive disposed, either directly or indirectly, on one of said first and second opposed planar surfaces.

Abstract: A flooring product is disclosed herein. The flooring product comprises a pair of oriented strand boards and an acoustic barrier layer. Each oriented strand board includes a first surface, a second surface, a first profiled edge, a stepped section, a second profiled edge, and a recessed section. The acoustic barrier layer is positioned between and at least partially secured to the oriented strand boards. Upon the securing of the acoustic barrier layer to the oriented strand boards, the stepped sections are arranged to form a tongue, where the acoustic barrier layer extends from the tongue to form a first rounded bulge. The recessed sections are arranged to form a groove, where the acoustic barrier layer extends into the groove to form a second rounded bulge. When two flooring products are assembled, the first rounded bulge of one flooring product contacts the second rounded bulge of the other flooring product.

Abstract: There is provided a soundproof structure capable of obtaining a sufficient soundproofing effect by suppressing the leaking of sound due to a diffraction phenomenon in a partition member used for soundproofing. A soundproof unit, which has a frame body having an opening portion and a film that is disposed so as to cover the opening portion and vibrates according to a sound incident on the film, and a partition member, to which one or more soundproof units are attached, are provided.

Abstract: There is provided a soundproof structure having two or more soundproof units. Each soundproof unit has a frame having an opening portion and a sound absorbing member attached to the opening portion of the frame. Two adjacent soundproof units are disposed such that at least parts of the sound absorbing members face each other. The sound absorbing members at least parts of which face each other are spaced apart from each other. An average distance between the sound absorbing members at least parts of which face each other is less than 20 mm. Therefore, it is possible to provide a soundproof structure and a soundproof system that can soundproof low frequency side sound with a simple configuration, is small and lightweight, and can easily change its frequency characteristics.

Abstract: A drywall board system for use in conjunction with a baseboard is described. The drywall board system includes a drywall board for securing to framing members and a baseboard backing that receives a baseboard to form a reveal.