Abstract: The technology of the present application provides software as a service (SaaS) executing on a server in a cloud or network. The SaaS receives data from a mobile device of a user over the network. The SaaS processes the data and returns the processed data to a client application executing on a client device of the user, which user is the same as the user of the mobile device wherein there is no direct communication link, wireless or wired, between the mobile device and the client device. In one aspect, the technology of the present application provides the mobile device as a smartphone and a microphone application to be executed on the smartphone.

Abstract: A method for electronically utilizing content in a communication between a customer and a customer representative is provided. An audible conversation between a customer and a service representative is captured. At least a portion of the audible conversation is converted into computer searchable data. The computer searchable data is analyzed during the audible conversation to identify relevant meta tags previously stored in a data repository or generated during the audible conversation. Each meta tag is associated with the customer. Each meta tag provides a contextual item determined from at least a portion of one of a current or previous conversation with the customer. A meta tag determined to be relevant to the current conversation between the service representative and the customer is displayed in real time to the service representative currently conversing with the customer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to security incident analysis systems, and more specifically to searching across multiple security incident analysis systems through a unified conversational agent. One example method generally includes receiving, from a client device, a natural language command requesting information about a security incident from a first incident analysis system. One or more keywords related to the security incident are extracted from the natural language command. The unified conversational agent executes a search against the first incident analysis system and one or more second incident analysis systems for the information about the security incident based on the extracted one or more keywords and transmits, to the client device, an indication of the information about the security incident aggregated from the executed search against the first incident analysis system and the one or more second incident analysis systems.

Abstract: A sampled speech data sequence contains words spoken by a speaker. A sequence of feature vectors is generated characterizing spectral distribution of sampled speech data. A textual transcript of the words spoken by the speaker is obtained. Data structures of a universal background model of a Gaussian mixture model (UBM-GMM) and of an Enrolled speaker Gaussian mixture model (ENR-GMM) are adapted responsive to the textual transcript, to generate an adapted UBM-GMM and an adapted ENR-GMM, respectively. An enrolled speaker probability is generated based on the sequence of feature vectors and the adapted ENR-GMM, and a universal speaker probability is generated based on the sequence of feature vectors and the adapted UBM-GMM. A speaker verification indication of whether the speaker is an enrolled speaker is generated by comparing the enrolled speaker probability to the universal speaker probability.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, devices and computer program products for encoding and decoding of a vector of parameters in an audio coding system. The disclosure further relates to a method and apparatus for reconstructing an audio object in an audio decoding system. According to the disclosure, a modulo differential approach for coding and encoding a vector of a non-periodic quantity may improve the coding efficiency and provide encoders and decoders with less memory requirements. Moreover, an efficient method for encoding and decoding a sparse matrix is provided.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture for research data gathering are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein to recover a code from media include memory including computer readable instructions, and a processor to execute the instructions to at least process the media based on a sample corresponding to a first window of time to determine whether the code is recoverable from the media using the first window of time, and in response to determining that the code is not recoverable from the media using the first window of time, process the media again based on a sample corresponding to a second window of time larger than the first window of time to recover the code from the media.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a new method for improving the performance of a real-valued filterbank based spectral envelope adjuster. By adaptively locking the gain values for adjacent channels dependent on the sign of the channels, as defined in the application, reduced aliasing is achieved. Furthermore, the grouping of the channels during gain-calculation, gives an improved energy estimate of the real valued subband signals in the filterbank.

Abstract: A coding method and a decoding method are provided which can use in combination a predictive coding and decoding method which is a coding and decoding method that can accurately express coefficients which are convertible into linear prediction coefficients with a small code amount and a coding and decoding method that can obtain correctly, by decoding, coefficients which are convertible into linear prediction coefficients of the present frame if a linear prediction coefficient code of the present frame is correctly input to a decoding device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for encoding and decoding a signal for high frequency bandwidth extension are provided. An encoding apparatus may down-sample a time domain input signal, may core-encode the down-sampled time domain input signal, may transform the core-encoded time domain input signal to a frequency domain input signal, and may perform bandwidth extension encoding using a basic signal of the frequency domain input signal.

Abstract: A single-bit audio stream can be converted to a modified single-bit audio stream with a constant edge rate while maintaining a modulation index of the original audio stream using direct mapping. With direct mapping, a pre-filter bank may be combined with a multi-bit symbol mapper to select symbols for the modified audio stream with a constant edge rate per symbol and the same modulation index as the original audio stream. The output of the pre-filter bank may be an audio stream with no consecutive full-scale symbols. Using the output of the pre-filter bank, a multi-bit symbol mapper may use the symbol selector to output a symbol with a constant edge rate per symbol and the same modulation index as the original signal. The symbols may be converted to an analog signal for reproduction of audio content using a transducer.

Abstract: Many portable playback devices cannot decode and playback encoded audio content having wide bandwidth and wide dynamic range with consistent loudness and intelligibility unless the encoded audio content has been prepared specially for these devices. This problem can be overcome by including with the encoded content some metadata that specifies a suitable dynamic range compression profile by either absolute values or differential values relative to another known compression profile. A playback device may also adaptively apply gain and limiting to the playback audio. Implementations in encoders, in transcoders and in decoders are disclosed.

Abstract: Headsets having corresponding audio adapters and methods comprise: a microphone configured to generate analog audio for a voice call; an analog-to-digital converter configured to convert the analog audio to digital audio; a voice activity detector configured to detect speech in the digital audio; a processor configured to i) determine a temporal characteristic of the speech, and ii) generate a message based on the temporal characteristic of the speech and a temporal characteristic of the voice call; and a transmitter configured to transmit the message.

Abstract: A method for processing sound that includes, generating one or more noise component estimates relating to an electrical representation of the sound and generating an associated confidence measure for the one or more noise component estimates. The method further comprises processing, based on the confidence measure, the sound.

Abstract: A device for noise estimation comprises a first microphone capturing a nominal speech signal, and a second microphone capturing a nominal noise signal. A generalized sidelobe canceller of the device applies spatial noise reduction, and comprises a blocking matrix filter to adaptively process the nominal speech signal to produce a speech cancellation signal, a node for subtracting the speech cancellation signal from the nominal noise signal to produce a noise reference signal, a noise cancellation filter to adaptively filter the noise reference signal to produce a noise cancellation signal; and a node for subtracting the noise cancellation signal from the nominal speech signal to produce a speech reference signal.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to reduce noise from a driving unit with a two-channel microphone configuration. An audio processing apparatus has a first microphone whose main acquisition target is sound from outside of the apparatus, a second microphone whose main acquisition target is driving noise from the driving unit, and a noise removing unit that generates two-channel audio data in which driving noise made by the driving unit of the apparatus has been reduced based on the difference between time-series audio data acquired by the first microphone and time-series audio data acquired by the second microphone. This noise removing unit has two adaptive filter units that respectively perform filter processing on time-series audio data from the first microphone and time-series audio data from the second microphone, and generates stereo two-channel audio data.

Abstract: Examples described herein involve detecting known impairments or other known conditions using a neural network. An example implementation receives a response matrix that represents, in respective dimensions, responses of a given playback device under respective iterations of a sound captured by a recording device, the iterations including first iterations with respective impairments to the recording device and second iterations without the respective impairments to the recording device. The implementation determines principle components representing the axes of greatest variance in the response matrix, a principle-component matrix that represents a given set of the principle components, and a teaching matrix by projecting the principle-component onto the response matrix.

Abstract: An audio identification system generates audio fingerprints and indexes associated with the audio fingerprints based on discrete and overlapping frames within a sample of an audio signal. The system applies a time-to-frequency domain transform to a time-sequence of frames, which may be filtered. The audio identification system then applies a time-variant transformation (e.g., a Discrete Cosine Transform) to the transformed frames and generates an audio fingerprint and index by selecting sets of coefficients of the time-variant transformation. The system selects coefficients that are less sensitive to possible noise and/or distortions in the underlying signal, such as low-frequency coefficients. The time-variant transformation provides sufficient sampling among the indexes by incorporating the phase information of the frames into the indexes. The system stores the audio fingerprint and other identifying information by index for efficient retrieval and matching of the retrieved fingerprints.

Abstract: According to one aspect, a method for detecting voice activity is disclosed, the method including receiving a frame of an input audio signal, the input audio signal having an sample rate; dividing the frame into a plurality of subbands based on the sample rate, the plurality of subbands including at least a lowest subband and a highest subband; filtering the lowest subband with a moving average filter to reduce an energy of the lowest subband; estimating a noise level for each of the plurality of subbands; calculating a signal to noise ratio value for each of the plurality of subbands; and determining a speech activity level of the frame based on an average of the calculated signal to noise ratio values and a weighted average of an energy of each of the plurality of subbands. Other aspects include audio decoders that decode audio that was encoded using the methods described herein.

Abstract: A storage device includes a disk, a head configured to write data to and read data from the disk, and a controller. The controller is configured to, for each of a plurality of unexecuted commands, carry out a calculation of an amount of time that is required for the head to start accessing the disk to begin execution of the non-executed command upon completion of a currently-executed command, until the earlier of i) a number of unexecuted commands for which the calculation has been carried out reaches a threshold value or ii) the completion of the currently-executed command, select a next command to be executed from one or more unexecuted commands for which the calculation has been carried out, based on the calculated amount of time for each of the one or more unexecuted commands, and execute the selected next command.

Abstract: A dual PMR writer is disclosed wherein a first main pole (MP1) in writer 1 is a mirror image of a second main pole (MP2) in writer 2 with respect to a center plane aligned orthogonal to the air bearing surface (ABS). MP1 and MP2 may have an asymmetrical top-down shape to reduce writer-writer spacing (WWS) and read write offset (RWO) when a single or double reader is positioned down-track at the center plane. Accordingly, there is less track misregistration and better area density capability. Each of MP1 and MP2 as well as a top yoke (TY), and a tapered bottom yoke (tBY) have a rectangular back portion of width “w” from 4 to 10 microns. Spacing between MP1 and MP2 back portions may be ?4 microns to prevent cross-talk. RWO is reduced from ?4 microns for symmetrical TY/MP/tBY shapes to 3 microns or less for asymmetrical shapes.

Abstract: A head suspension assembly for supporting a read/write head of a disk drive located on a rotatable drive actuator arm is disclosed. The head suspension assembly includes a baseplate end proximate to and operatively connected to a first microactuator pair, the first microactuator pair communicatively coupled to a controller. The head suspension assembly also includes a load beam movably connecting the first microactuator pair to a second microactuator pair. The head suspension assembly also includes a head transducer end proximate to and operatively connected to the second microactuator pair, the second microactuator pair communicatively coupled to the controller. The read/write head is located proximate to the head transducer end, the read/write head being flexibly connected to the load beam, and the controller is configured to selectably transmit control signals to the first and second microactuator pairs in order to improve tracking control of the read/write head.

Abstract: Implementations disclosed herein include a method to synthesize the controller of a multi-stage servo control system with multiple actuators in a hard disk drive by dividing controller synthesis into multiple dual-stage steps. The method includes measuring a first output of a first plant corresponding to a first actuator, measuring a second output of a second plant corresponding to a second actuator, designing a first controller responsive to the first output, designing a second controller responsive to the second output, and combining the first output and the second output to obtain a first combined output in a first dual-stage. The method also includes designing a third controller responsive to the first combined output, measuring a third output from a third plant corresponding to a third actuator, designing a fourth controller responsive to the third output, and combining the first combined output and the third output to obtain a second combined output.

Abstract: In one general embodiment, a method includes determining a distance from a transducer of a module to an edge of the module closest thereto, and selecting a wrap angle based on the determined distance for inducing tenting of a moving magnetic recording tape in a region above the transducer. In another general embodiment, a method includes running a magnetic recording tape over a tape bearing surface having at least one edge, and detecting signals from the tape at differing wrap angles for estimating a height of tenting of the tape above a transducer at each of the wrap angles. A wrap angle is selected to provide about a predefined height of tenting of the tape above the transducer.

Abstract: A recording medium includes a video stream of a standard-luminance range and a video stream of high-luminance range, which are used selectively in accordance with a playback environment. The recording medium also includes a subtitle stream of the standard-luminance range and a subtitle stream of the high-luminance range, which are used selectively in accordance with the playback environment. A playlist file includes a management region where playback control information relating to a main stream is stored, and includes an extended region. The management region stores first playback control information specifying playing of the video stream of the high-luminance range and the subtitle stream of the high-luminance range in combination. The extended region stores second playback control information specifying playing of the video stream of the standard-luminance range and the subtitle stream of the standard-luminance range in combination.

Abstract: An apparatus according to one embodiment includes a hardware based controller that is configured to perform operations. The operations include performing anti-aliasing filtering on each of a plurality of signals, each signal having a frequency that is a different fraction of a frequency of a data read clock. An amplitude is measured of each of the signals after the anti-aliasing filtering. Moreover, the operations include determining whether the measured amplitudes of the signals are within a predefined range. Anti-aliasing settings used during the anti-aliasing filtering are stored in response to a determination that the amplitudes of the signals are within the predefined range. The anti-aliasing settings are changed in response to a determination that the amplitudes of the signals are outside the predefined range.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes writing a data set to a sequential access medium. The method also includes reading the data set immediately after being written to the sequential access medium in a read-while-write process to identify one or more faulty encoded data blocks, each of the one or more faulty encoded data blocks including at least one faulty codeword having symbols at least 10 bits in size. Moreover, the method includes rewriting a first of the one or more faulty encoded data blocks within a first encoded data block set to a particular logical track in the rewrite area of the sequential access medium selected from a predetermined subset of logical tracks. The predetermined subset of logical tracks includes D1+D2+1 logical tracks. Only one faulty encoded data block from a particular sub data set is rewritten in a single encoded data block set in the rewrite area.

Abstract: A data storage library system includes at least one data storage library comprising at least one library frame and at least one environmental conditioning unit, the at least one environmental conditioning unit configured to control one or more environmental conditions within the at least one library frame. The system further includes at least one access door for providing access to an interior portion of the data storage library, a library controller, and at least one warning indicator associated with the data storage library and in electronic communication with the library controller. The at least one warning indicator is configured to provide an indication to an operator when the conditions within the data storage library are such that the at least one access door may be opened and when the conditions within the data storage library are such that the access door should not be opened.

Abstract: A content play device capable of forming content and a method for forming content thereof. The method for forming content of the content play device, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, comprises providing a content forming user interface (UI) which reflects a plurality of data to be played, receiving a play time of each of the plurality of data via the content forming UI, and forming content in which the plurality of data is reproduced according to a received play time of each data. Accordingly, a user may easily form content in which background music is set for each image file.

Abstract: Improved automated methods of dynamically customizing displayed presentation of media content playback and/or live streams allow users to add, remove, change, and/or fuse displayed information of media content. Specifically, a user or users is able to add, remove, or move IntelliMark (Intelligent Bookmarks) that are separate parallel temporal bookmarks with associated dynamic run-time display manipulations within a separate file(s) that are neither part of the media content nor a live stream, and are stored within media players, enabling customized viewings without violating copyrights or terms of use for the underlying unaltered, un-copied original media content. In addition to an individual user customizing his own viewing experience, by sharing his IntelliMark file(s) with others that have access to the same media content, these others can experience the customized playback as constructed by other users. Further, users can evolve their own interpretations to share back to the original user and/or others.

Abstract: A system for synchronizing audio and video of selectably presentable multimedia content includes a memory for storing a plurality of selectably presentable multimedia content segments. Each content segment defines a portion of one or more content paths and includes a decision period during which a user may select a subsequent content segment as the content segment is playing. An assembly engine seamlessly assembles a subset of the content segments into one of the content paths, ultimately forming a multimedia presentation. A configuration manager determines an audio file and a video file to be played based on a content segment that is selected to be played immediately following the currently playing content segment. An audio engine processes the audio file for playback, and a video engine synchronizes playback of the video file with the playback of the audio file.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for automatically displaying variable image content in an image product includes automatically obtaining markers in photos or videos in a user account which includes detecting features in image content of the photos or the video frames and obtaining a marker for one of the photos or the video frames, automatically identifying a sequence of similar photos or videos if the markers detected in the photos or the associated video frames include more than a predetermined number or percentage of common features, detecting a marker in a photo product by a user device when the photo product is viewed by the user device, identifying a marked photo incorporated in the photo product based on the marker detected in the photo product, and enabling photos or videos in a sequence photos or videos associated with the marked photo to be displayed on the user device.

Abstract: A positional recording synchronization system can include: creating a time stamped telemetry point for an unmanned aerial vehicle; creating a time stamped recording; creating transformed data from the time stamped recording, the transformed data being tiles for zooming or thumbnails; creating a flightpath array, an image metadata array, and a video metadata array; determining whether entries of the video metadata array match with the flightpath array; determining whether entries of the image metadata array match with the flightpath array; synchronizing the time stamped telemetry point with the time stamped recording based on either the entries of the image metadata array matching the flightpath array, the entries of the visualizer module matching the flightpath array, or a combination thereof; and displaying the time stamped telemetry point as a selection tool for calling, viewing, or manipulating the time stamped recording on a display.

Abstract: In a recording and reproducing apparatus and a recording and reproducing method for the recording and reproducing apparatus for recording and reproducing image information on a scene obtained through photographing, relative to a predetermined first recording medium and being capable of setting one or more chapters to each scene, a face recognizing process is executed for a photographed image based on the image information, an importance level of each chapter is set in accordance with a result of the face recognizing process for a very important person (VIP) set by a user, and each chapter having a relevant importance level among importance levels of respective chapters is selectively reproduced. A user can therefore find an object chapter and scene quickly and easily.

Abstract: A disk device includes a housing that includes a base with a through hole formed therein and a cover fixed to the base, wherein the housing contains a low density gas; a plurality of heads and a wiring member disposed within the housing that includes conductors that are electrically connected to the heads; a sealing substrate that is fixed to the base and covers the through hole; a control circuit board that is disposed outside the housing and adjacent to a back surface of the base; a first two-piece connector that is disposed within the housing and connects the sealing substrate and the wiring member; and a second two-piece connector that connects the sealing substrate and the control circuit board. The second two-piece connector includes a first connector mounted on the sealing substrate and a second connector that is mounted on the control circuit board.

Abstract: A data storage library system includes at least one data storage library, the at least one data storage library comprising at least one library frame, wherein the at least one library frame has at least one environmental conditioning unit configured to control one or more environmental conditions within the at least one library frame. The system also includes at least one access door for providing access to an interior portion of the at least one library frame, a library controller, and at least one louver, where the louver may be selectively moveable to control a communication pathway for external air to enter the at least one library frame. In one embodiment, the at least one louver may be controlled by the library controller to automatically open when it is detected that the one or more access doors are opened, and to close the louver when the one or more access doors are closed.

Abstract: Memories may include a first bi-directional select device connected between a first access line and a second access line, and a plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the plurality of memory cells connected between the second access line and a respective third access line of a plurality of third access lines. Each memory cell of the plurality of memory cells comprises a respective second bi-directional select device, of a plurality of second bi-directional select devices, and a respective programmable element, of a plurality of programmable elements, connected in series.

Abstract: Memory devices may have internal circuitry that employs voltages higher than voltages provided by an external power source. Charge pumps are DC/DC converters that may be used to generate, internally, higher voltages for operation. The available charge pumps in a memory device may be adjusted through adjustment of the operation frequency of oscillating circuitry that drives the charge pump. Delay elements may also be adjusted to facilitate operation of the charge pump.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array with bit lines and word lines connected thereto. A first power supply circuit generates a selected bit line voltage. A second power supply circuit generates a non-selected bit line voltage. A third power supply circuit generates a selected word line voltage. A fourth power supply circuit generates a non-selected word line voltage. A first decoder connects the selected bit line to the first power supply circuit and connects the non-selected bit line to the second power supply circuit. A second decoder connects the selected word line to the third power supply circuit and connects the non-selected word line to the fourth power supply circuit. A capacitive element is between a first node that is between the second power supply circuit and the first decoder and a second node that is between the third power supply circuit and the second decoder.

Abstract: A bit line power supply apparatus including a bit line high voltage generator is provided. The bit line high voltage generator includes a first voltage generation circuit and a second voltage generation circuit. The first voltage generation circuit includes a first sensor and a first linear voltage regulator. The first sensor compares a first reference voltage with a bit line high voltage to generate a first sensing voltage according to a first control signal. The first linear regulator generates the bit line high voltage according the first sensing voltage. The second voltage generation circuit includes a second sensor and a switching voltage regulator. The second sensor compares the first reference voltage with the bit line high voltage to generate a second sensing voltage according to a second control signal. The switching regulator generates the bit line high voltage according the second sensing voltage.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided which comprises: a first power gate transistor coupled to an ungated power supply node and a gated power supply node, the first power gate transistor having a gate terminal controllable by a first logic; and a second power gate coupled to the ungated power supply node and the gated power supply node, the second power gate transistor having a gate terminal controllable by a second logic, wherein the first power gate transistor is larger than the second power gate transistor, and wherein the second logic is operable to: weakly turn on the second power gate, fully turn on the second power gate, turn off the second power gate, and connecting the second power gate as diode.

Abstract: A device has a digital-to-analog converter to convert waveform data into analog waveforms, a waveform memory to store stored waveform data, an external waveform interface to receive real-time waveform data from an external device, a waveform multiplexer connected to the digital-to-analog converter to select between the first memory and the external waveform interface, a sequencer to receive and execute instructions to identify and access waveform data to drive the digital-to-analog converter, a sequencer instruction memory to provide stored instructions to the sequencer, an external instruction interface to receive real-time instructions for the sequencer, and a sequencer multiplexer to select between the sequencer instruction memory and the external instruction interface connected to the sequencer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a multipurpose command latch circuit, a latched control signal generation circuit, and a training control circuit. The multipurpose command latch circuit may be configured to synchronize a multipurpose command with a first division clock signal to generate a first latched multipurpose command. The latched control signal generation circuit may be configured to latch a control signal in synchronization with the first division clock signal to generate a first latched control signal. The training control circuit may be configured to generate a training signal for executing a training operation of a chip selection signal from a first latched multipurpose command and a first latched control signal based on a training flag.

Abstract: A bit cell structure with an integrated multiplexer is disclosed. In one embodiment, a circuit includes a plurality of bit cells, e.g., first and second bit cells. The circuit further includes a multiplexer having an input coupled to a first data line associated with the first bit cell and a second input coupled to a second data line associated with a second bit cell. The circuit further includes a PMOS transistor having a gate terminal coupled to an output of the multiplexer, and further coupled between a local read bit line and a voltage source. The PMOS transistor is configured to pull the local read bit line to a logic high value responsive to a selected one of the plurality of bit cells conveying a logic low to its respectively coupled input of the multiplexer.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells connected to a plurality of bit lines, a control signal generating circuit configured to generate a first control signal in response to a first operating temperature of the semiconductor memory device and a second control signal in response to a second operating temperature of the semiconductor memory device, a precharge circuit configured to provide a precharge current to a first bit line of the plurality of bit lines in response to an enable signal, and a boost circuit configured to provide a boost current to the first bit line in response to the enable signal, wherein the magnitude of the boost circuit is responsive to one of the first and second control signals.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for providing voltages to conductive lines between which clock signal lines are disposed are disclosed. Voltages provided to the conductive lines may provide voltage conditions for clock signals on the clock signal lines that are relatively the same for at least some of the clock edges of the clock signals. Having the same voltage conditions may mitigate variations in timing/phase between the clock signals due to different voltage influences when a clock signal transitions from a low clock level to a high clock level.

Abstract: Data is stored in a multi-level MRAM (MLC MRAM) cell in a manner that reduces transition states that require high energy. A new data block is received, and the new data block is divided into one or more sub-groups of bits, with each sub-group comprising at least two bits. Each sub-group is assigned data bit locations in a memory store. The received bits are compared with sub-groups present at the data bit locations to determine subgroups of hot bits. For each subgroup of hot bits, an encoding flag value is determined by XORing their most significant bits. The most significant bits of each subgroup of hot bits are complemented and the encoding flag is SET. A data block is generated to establish a data group for each subgroup of hot bits including the subgroup of hot bits and the encoding flag for that subgroup.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are disclosed that include ferroelectric memory and for operating ferroelectric memory. An example apparatus includes a capacitor having a first plate, a second plate, and a ferroelectric dielectric material. The apparatus further includes a first digit line and a first selection component configured to couple the first plate to the first digit line, and also includes a second digit line and a second selection component configured to couple the second plate to the second digit line.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for operating a memory cell or memory cells are described. Cells of a memory array may be pre-written, which may include writing the cells to one state while a sense component is isolated from digit lines of the array. Read or write operations may be executed at the sense component while the sense component is isolated, and the cell may be de-isolated (e.g., connected to the digit lines) when write operations are completed. The techniques may include techniques accessing a memory cell of a memory array, isolating a sense amplifier from a digit line of the memory array based at least in part on the accessing of the cell, firing the sense amplifier, and pre-writing the memory cell of the memory array to a second data state while the sense amplifier is isolated. In some examples, the memory cell may include a ferroelectric memory cell.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for operating a ferroelectric memory cell or cells are described. An electronic memory device may include a plurality of plate portions separated by a plurality of segmentation lines, which may be oriented in a plane parallel to rows of a memory array or columns of the memory array, or both. The segmented plate may be employed instead of a single plate for the array. The one or more plate portions may be energized during access operations of a ferroelectric cell in order to create a voltage different across the cell or to facilitate changing the charge of the cell. Each of the plate portions may include one or more memory cells. The memory cells on a plate portion may be read from or written to after the plate portion is activated by a plate driver.

Abstract: A volatile memory storage apparatus including a memory array, a refresh circuit and a pre-programmed circuit is provided. The memory array includes a plurality of memory banks. The refresh circuit is coupled to the memory array. The refresh circuit is configured to refresh the memory banks according to different refresh frequencies. The pre-programmed circuit is coupled to the refresh circuit. The pre-programmed circuit is configured to store the refresh frequencies. In addition, a refresh method of a volatile memory storage apparatus is also provided.