Abstract: Display control devices and methods are provided. Vital functions of a person are detected using a radar circuit, and power consumption of a display is controlled based on the detected vital functions.

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus for determining a velocity and a direction of arrival (DoA) of an object. The method includes transmitting a signal using a determined signal transmission order of transmission antennas, receiving a reflected signal with respect to the transmitted signal using reception antennas, generating virtual antennas based on an arrangement of the transmission antennas and an arrangement of the reception antennas, generating virtual signals with respect to the virtual antennas based on the reflected signal and the virtual antennas, calculating a first estimated phase and a second estimated phase that are different from each other based on the virtual signals, and determining the velocity and the DoA of the object concurrently based on the first estimated phase and the second estimated phase without performing additional processing.

Abstract: A method for optical distance measurements is suggested which comprises carrying out Radar measurements, building a grid map comprising a plurality of elements based on the Radar measurements, extracting information about the dynamic state of each element and assigning the information to the respective element. The method further comprises carrying out Lidar measurements resulting in a Lidar point cloud and associating the Lidar point cloud with the grid map.

Abstract: One or more aspects of this disclosure relate to the usage of an impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar to reconstruct a cross-sectional image of subject in a noninvasive fashion. This image is reconstructed based on the pre- and post-processing of recorded waveforms that are collected by the IR-UWB radar, after getting reflected-off the subject. Furthermore, a novel process is proposed to approximate the different tissues' dielectric constants and, accordingly, reconstruct a subject' cross-sectional image.

Abstract: A Spotlight SAR imaging mode is implemented by a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system in which an SAR controller intentionally spoils a transmit beam of the SAR antenna to form a spoiled transmit beam. The SAR system transmits pulses using the spoiled transmit beam, divides the SAR antenna into a plurality of azimuth apertures, receives received pulses by the SAR antenna using a number M of multiple receive beams, processes data received by each of the number M of multiple receive beams to generate a number M of sub-images by the SAR processor; and coherently combines two or more of the number M of sub-images to form a Spotlight image. Thus, a multi-aperture antenna comprises multiple azimuth apertures (i.e., a sub apertures), each formed from one or more azimuth phase centers. The sub-apertures can be independent from one another. The sub-apertures can keep a target illuminated by the beam for a longer time than conventional Stripmap mode, for example.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to enhancing virtual reality safety. A virtual reality (VR) boundary associated with a VR system can be determined, the VR boundary dictating a safe play area for a VR user using the VR system. A location of a first device can be determined. A determination can be made that the location of the first device is within the VR boundary. In response to a determination that the first device is within the VR boundary, the VR user can be alerted that the first device entered the VR boundary.

Abstract: A radar unit assembly for a vehicle includes a vehicle body structure and a grille assembly mounted to the vehicle body structure. A radar unit is connected to the grille assembly.

Abstract: Techniques are discussed for generating a spatial grid based on radar sensor data. The spatial grid may include cells, which may be designated as being occupied, occluded, and/or free space. A cell may be designated as being occupied if radar sensor data is associated with a region of an environment associated with the cell. A field may be designated as being occluded if a region of the environment associated with the cell is obstructed, relative to a radar sensor, by a cell that is designated as being occupied. In some instances, objects may be detected and/or tracked in occluded regions. A cell may be designated as being free space if a region associated with the cell is within a field of view of a radar sensor and is unoccupied and un-occluded. In some instances, the spatial grid may be used to control a vehicle, such as an autonomous vehicle, in the environment.

Abstract: Example sonar transducer assemblies configured for reduced interference are provided herein. An example sonar transducer assembly includes a housing, a first transducer, and a second transducer. The first transducer is positioned within the housing such that a length is configured to extend in a first mounting plane and a produced first beam defining a fan-shape extends in a first plane. The second transducer is positioned at a tilted angle within the housing such that a length is configured to extend in a second mounting plane and a produced second beam defining a fan-shape is in a second plane. The second mounting plane is non-parallel to the first mounting plane and is offset from the first mounting plane by at least 1 degree such that the second plane is not parallel to the first plane so as to reduce interference between the first transducer and the second transducer.

Abstract: A surveying system includes a target unit having a reflection target and an encoder pattern showing an angle of the target unit; a scanner configured to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data, measured coordinates of the target, and optically read the encoder pattern to acquire an encoder pattern read angle; and a leveling base configured to selectively allow either of the target unit and the scanner to be removably mounted. The scanner calculates a direction angle of the leveling base based on the encoder pattern read angle and the offset angle of the target unit, calculates coordinates of an installation point of the target unit based on the measured coordinates of the target and the direction angle of the target, and calculates a direction angle of the scanner based on the offset angle of the scanner and the direction angle of the leveling base on which the scanner is mounted.

Abstract: A time of flight distance measurement system has a light emitter (8) emitting a pulsed fan beam and a time of flight sensor (6) which may be a CCD with a photosensitive image region, a storage region not responsive to light and a readout section. Circuitry is arranged to control the time of flight sensor (6) to capture image data of the pulsed illumination stripe along a row of pixels and to transfer the captured image data to the storage section. The circuitry adjusts the phase of the clocking of the image region with respect to the emission of a pulsed fan beam to collect a plurality of image illumination stripes at a respective plurality of phase shifts; and a processor combines the data from the plurality of image illumination stripes at the plurality of phase shifts to determine the distance to the object.

Abstract: A optical communication system including a source device and an endpoint device. The source device include an array of laser diodes and is configured to drive the laser diodes to project a sequence of patterns into the field of view of the source device to define a set of serially-projected codes, each of which isolated to one respective angular division of the field of view of the source device. The endpoint device receives a serially-projected code from the source device which varies based which angular division of the field of view of the source device is occupied by the endpoint device.

Abstract: A target detection system includes a receiving apparatus separated from a transmitting apparatus configured to transmit inspection light and reference light. The receiving apparatus includes a photodetector, a scattered light processor, and a target detector. The photodetector is configured to receive light and detect scattered light and the reference light from the received light. The scattered light is scattered in a transmission path of the inspection light. The target detector is configured to perform target position determination. The target position determination determines, as a position of a target, a position, on the transmission path, corresponding to a first-transition time. The first-transition time is a time at which intensity of the scattered light becomes equal to or smaller than a first transition. The target position determination is performed on the basis of a time difference between the first-transition time and a reception time of the reference light.

Abstract: The data collecting method includes: collecting first and second sensor data respectively through a first and a second sensors while a data collecting apparatus moves within a target area, and tagging a first and a second timestamp values respectively to the first and the second sensor data; generating map data of the target area and location data at a point of time corresponding to the first timestamp value, based on the first sensor data; generating map information of the target area based on the map data, and generating moving path information on the map based on the location data; and estimating a sensing location at a point of time corresponding to the second timestamp value based on the moving path information, and tagging the sensing location to the second sensor data.

Abstract: A method of elevation control points extraction assisted by satellite laser altimeter data, which is characterized in that take the waveforms received by satellite and the waveforms simulated from digital surface model (DSM) of image scene reconstruction as input data, and includes two times of waveform matching and combined process of multi-source remote sensing data. The elevation control points could be extracted without the influence of terrain fluctuation or urban buildings for the terrain information of laser spot area has been taken into account. The first time is realized by matching two groups of waveforms from the received and the simulated, and the spatial registrations between locations of laser spots and DSM are realized. The second time is realized by matching two single waveforms from the received and the simulated, and local system errors in DSM of laser spot area could be extracted.

Abstract: To provide a laser distance measuring apparatus that can set the irradiation range of the laser beam to the front ground surface appropriately regardless of the inclination of the front ground surface. A laser distance measuring apparatus controls the scanning mechanism to performs two-dimensional scan which scan laser beam in an irradiation angle range of the right and left direction to the traveling direction of own vehicle and scans laser beam in an irradiation angle range of the up and down direction with respect to the traveling direction of own vehicle; detects a relative inclination information of the up and down direction of a ground surface in front of own vehicle with respect to a ground surface where own vehicle is located; and moves the irradiation angle range of the up and down direction to up side or down side according to the relative inclination information.

Abstract: Virtual bumpers for autonomous vehicles improve effectiveness and safety as such vehicles are operated. One or more sensor systems having a Lidar sensor and a camera sensor determine proximity of objects around the vehicle and facilitate identification of the environment around the vehicle. The sensor systems are placed at various locations around the vehicle. The vehicle identifies an object and one or more properties of the identified object using the sensor systems. Based on the identified object and the properties of the object, a virtual bumper may be created for that object. For example, if the object is identified as another vehicle moving with a certain velocity, the vehicle may determine a minimum space to avoid the other vehicle, either by changing direction or reducing the velocity of the vehicle, with the minimum space constituting a virtual bumper.

Abstract: Provided are systems, methods, and devices for identifying correct satellite signals to improve the accuracy of a satellite navigation system. In some embodiments, identifying correct satellite signals may include receiving a plurality of satellite signals; demodulating the satellite signals to extract a first plurality of parameters; determining a first subset of parameters from the first plurality of parameters, wherein the first subset of parameters is based on a first geographic location; determining a second subset of parameters from a second plurality of parameters outside the first subset, the second plurality of parameters comprising one or more parameters of the first plurality of parameters outside the first subset, wherein the second subset of parameters is based on a second geographic location; and identifying an exemplary subset from the first subset and the second subset, wherein the exemplary subset comprises parameters corresponding to correct satellite signals.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and a device for processing information and a storage medium. The method includes: obtaining intensities of electromagnetic radiation of locations which a mobile device passes during movement of the mobile device; creating a distribution map of electromagnetic radiation according to the intensities of electromagnetic radiation, the distribution map of electromagnetic radiation being configured to reflect an electromagnetic radiation distribution of a route which the mobile device passes; and generating a protective measure against the electromagnetic radiation according to the distribution map of electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: There is provided a radiation detection device capable of realizing both suppression of deformation and weight reduction of a support plate to which a radiation detection panel is fixed. A radiation detection device includes: a radiation detection panel that detects radiation; a support plate which is formed of a MgLi alloy and to which the radiation detection panel is fixed in contact with the support plate; a plurality of tubular support posts that are formed in contact with a surface of the support plate not facing the radiation detection panel; and a housing (rear surface member) in which the radiation detection panel, the support plate, and the support posts are housed and which is disposed in contact with the support posts.

Abstract: A system for detecting gamma radiation by neutron activation of a material includes a switchable radiation source and at least a first detector. The switchable radiation source includes a primary source assembly having an alpha particle emitter, and a target assembly in which, upon irradiation of the target assembly by alpha particles from the primary source assembly, secondary radiation comprising neutrons is produced. An alignment, proximity or exposure of the primary source assembly relative to the target assembly is adjustable to control irradiation of the target assembly by the primary source assembly and thereby selectively irradiate a material under interrogation with the secondary radiation. The first detector is configured to detect gamma radiation prompted by neutron activation of the material under interrogation.

Abstract: A method for evaluating a single-photon detector signal includes duplicating the single-photon detector signal into a first and a second signal. The first signal is processed and the second signal is either not processed or is processed in a manner different from the first signal. A differential signal is formed between the unprocessed or differently processed second signal and the processed first signal. The differential signal is evaluated to determine pulse events.

Abstract: Provided are a radiation detection device, in which the peeling of a sheet material that covers the outer peripheral surface can be suppressed, and a method of manufacturing a radiation detection device. A radiation detection device includes: a front surface member; a rear surface member assembled with the front surface member; a radiation detection panel disposed between the front surface member and the rear surface member and detecting radiation incident from the front surface member side; a sheet material that covers an outer peripheral surface of at least one of the front surface member or the rear surface member; a packing, the sheet material being interposed between the packing and the front surface member or the rear surface member; and a holding portion provided in at least one of the front surface member or the rear surface member and holding the packing in a pressed state.

Abstract: The method is aimed at improving the accuracy and reliability of exploration and prospecting for minerals in a complex geological environment, as well as studying the dynamics of the active zones of the earth's crust. Advantages: Improved accuracy and reliability of geological forecasts, which results in more accurate design, development, and execution of the corresponding business projects. Reduced risks of the damage to industrial infrastructure (existing oil field's equipment) compared to using the seismic vibration survey. Expanded geophysical support range for production processes within the universal methodology of high-resolution seismic research. Reduced cost relative to the traditional approach.

Abstract: A seismic exploration method used lateral well data to validate lateral elastic properties values. The validated lateral elastic properties values are obtained by generating a constrained 3D rock facies model using the lateral and vertical well data and the seismic inversion results, cross-correlating synthetic lateral elastic properties values for locations along the lateral well, based on the lateral and vertical well data with the seismic inversion results to obtain calibrated synthetic lateral elastic properties values, and adjusting the calibrated synthetic lateral elastic properties values according to the constrained 3D rock facies model.

Abstract: A structure safety detection system includes a first sensor, a second sensor, and a server. The first sensor detects a wobble and slant state of a structure and generates a corresponding first detection result. The second sensor detects a characteristic width of the structure and generates a corresponding second detection result. The server analyzes the first detection result and the second detection result and generates a corresponding first analysis result.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present application disclose a method for acquiring a converted wave, an electronic device, and a readable storage medium, wherein the method for acquiring a converted wave comprises: acquiring a relational expression between a P-wave reflection coefficient and an incident angle by Zoeppritz equation; simplifying the relational expression between the P-wave reflection coefficient and the incident angle; calculating a derivative for the simplified relational expression between the P-wave reflection coefficient and the incident angle, to obtain an expression of a wave to be converted; correcting parameters in the expression of the wave to be converted to obtain a converted wave.

Abstract: A distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system is coupled to an optical fiber along a plurality of channels. The system generates a DAS seismic profile of the subsurface formation based on detected seismic data, identifies at least one region having coherent noise, and identifies which of the plurality of channels are within the identified at least one region. For each trace of data associated with the plurality of noisy channels, the system converts, from a time to a wavelet domain, the trace of data and a reference trace having less coherent noise, and suppresses the wavelet coefficients of the trace of data based on the wavelet coefficients of the reference trace. After the system mitigates the noise in the wavelet domain, an inverse wavelet transform is applied to the trace of data to convert back to the time domain and create a reduced noise DAS seismic profile.

Abstract: Provided is a pile integrity detection system based on cross-hole sonic logging method. The operator sets the ultrasonic detector into the measuring tubes of the to-be-detected pile, subsequently inputs the project data and activate the ultrasonic detector, by an acoustic wave transmission among a transmitter and a receiver, a wave energy data of the to-be-detected pile can be obtained, and the wave energy data and a project data will be automatically transmitted to the cloud computing module, thereby the integrity level of the to-be-detected pile can be determined without any manual analysis to the wave energy data, preventing from any error or deflection due to manual operation, whereby it greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of detection and reduces the error rate.

Abstract: The invention concerns a shoe scanning system for a full-body scanners canning an individual before access to a restricted access area. The system comprises a detection unit (10) comprising: a detector for sensing a metal and/or unauthorized object located above a surface (111) onto which the individual can walk; a communication unit for transmitting a message to an indication unit for providing instructions to the individual and/or to an assistant; and a processing unit connected to the detector by a data link for receiving data and controlling the communication unit for sending a detection signal when the detector indicates a presence of a metal and/or unauthorized object. The detector comprises a short-range sensing element (122) and a long-range sensing element (123) for detecting a metal and/or unauthorized object up to a maximal distance (1231) greater than the maximal distance of the short-range sensing element.

Abstract: The present specification discloses a radiographic inspection system for screening an area. The inspection system has a container that defines an enclosed volume, a radiation source positioned within the enclosed volume, a detector array, a movable structure attached to a portion of the base of the container, and a controller programmed to move the movable structure to achieve an optimum height of the radiation source's field of view based upon a plurality of data.

Abstract: The present specification discloses systems and methods for identifying and reporting contents of a tanker, container or vehicle. Programmatic tools are provided to assist an operator in analyzing contents of a tanker, container or vehicle. Manifest data is automatically imported into the system for each shipment, thereby helping security personnel to quickly determine container contents. In case of a mismatch between container contents shown by manifest data and the contents as ascertained from the scanning system, the container or vehicle may be withheld for further inspection.

Abstract: Embodiments of generating a self-consistent earth model are provided. One embodiment comprises: a) building a structured geologic; b) generating a mineralogy volume; c) generating a porosity volume and a density volume; d) generating a pressure volume; e) generating a geophysical property volume comprising a P-wave velocity volume and a S-wave velocity volume, a relationship between P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity, or any combination thereof; f) generating mechanical elastic properties based on (i) a static to dynamic elastic property relationship and (ii) the geophysical property volume, the relationship between P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity, or any combination thereof; and g) performing mechanical earth modeling using the mechanical elastic properties, the density volume, and the pressure volume to generate a self-consistent earth model.

Abstract: A pilot headset and system for automatically generating turbulence reports is provided. The turbulence reporting pilot headset includes a headset body having a motion sensor positioned therein that is adapted to collect motion data representative of changes in motion experienced by the headset body, and a motion data correlation module which is programmed, structured and/or configured to correlate the collected motion data to turbulence level data.

Abstract: A precipitation index estimation apparatus includes an operation mode data collection unit and an estimation processing unit. The data collection unit is configured to collect operation mode data indicating an operation mode of a windshield wiper, acquired in one or more vehicles positioned in a predetermined area within a predetermined period. The estimation processing unit is configured to estimate a precipitation index indicating an intensity of precipitation in the predetermined area within the predetermined period, based on a proportion of each of a plurality of kinds of operation modes, which is derived from the collected operation mode data.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and system for generating an area of interest for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) missions. Using radar and weather data, a mission area may be generated for flights which will maximize efficiency by pre-generating flight paths based on atmospheric and other data. The UAV may include artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities for processing imaging and other sensed data. Post-processing of the data may include additional AI training and processing.

Abstract: The systems, methods, and apparatuses described herein provide integrated weather forecast products designed to assist operations managers with operational decision-making related to a designated event or set of events. The present disclosure provides a way to process weather data from various sources and in diverse data formats containing varying spatial resolutions and temporal resolutions, in order to generate an integrated and cohesive weather projection product such that the weather projection product is continuous in both spatial and temporal domains, subject to data availability, relative to a designated event or set of events.

Abstract: A processing apparatus includes a data collection unit and a correlation degree derivation unit. The data collection unit is configured to collect operation mode data indicating an operation mode of a windshield wiper, acquired in one or more vehicles. The correlation degree derivation unit is configured to derive a degree of correlation between the operation mode data and precipitation amount data.

Abstract: A precipitation index estimation apparatus includes a data collection unit and an estimation processing unit. The data collection unit is configured to collect rainfall amount data that is detected by a rainfall amount sensor in one or more vehicles positioned in a predetermined area within a predetermined period. The estimation processing unit is configured to estimate a precipitation index indicating an intensity of precipitation in the predetermined area within the predetermined period, based on the collected rainfall amount data.

Abstract: A precipitation index estimation apparatus includes a data collection unit and an estimation processing unit. The data collection unit is configured to collect rain-related data for estimating a precipitation index indicating an intensity of precipitation within a predetermined period from vehicle state information generated in one or more vehicles. The estimation processing unit is configured to carry out a statistical processing of the collected rain-related data and estimate the precipitation index within the predetermined period. The estimation processing unit is configured to correct, before the statistical processing, a value of the rain-related data to be used for the statistical processing, according to speed of a vehicle at the time at which the rain-related data is acquired.

Abstract: An optical element for terahertz waves includes: an optical component including a silicon surface, an antireflection film including an organic resin including a cycloolefin-based polymer as a main component, and inorganic particles dispersed in the organic resin; and an adhesive layer located between the optical component and the antireflection film in a thickness direction of the antireflection film and bonding the silicon surface of the optical component and the antireflection film to each other. The adhesive layer includes a thermally denatured olefin-based polymer.

Abstract: A method of forming an anti-reflection layer, the method including applying a first mixture to an object, the first mixture made from a combination of aluminum tri-sec-butoxide (ATSB), a first chelating agent, water and an alcohol; removing a majority of the alcohol from the applied first mixture; after the removing, applying a second mixture to the object, the second mixture made from a combination of aluminum tri-sec-butoxide, a second chelating agent different than the first chelating agent, water and an alcohol; and removing a majority of the alcohol from the applied second mixture, wherein the applied first and second mixtures are used to form the anti-reflection layer.

Abstract: A glass laminate includes a glass substrate including a first main surface and a second main surface, and a functional layer at least on the first main surface. The functional layer includes at least two layers having a refractive index different from each other and the at least two layers are alternately laminated. The functional layer includes an outermost layer farthest from the glass substrate and a second layer that is adjacent to the outermost layer and lies closer to the glass substrate than the outermost layer. The outermost layer includes SiO2 as a main component. The second layer has a carbon concentration of 3×1018 atoms/cm3 or more and 5×1019 atoms/cm3 or less, and the carbon concentration of the second layer is lower than that of the outermost layer.

Abstract: A method for forming a multilayer thin film structure includes directly depositing an absorber layer to encapsulate a dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer encapsulates a reflective core particle. The method further including depositing an outer layer to encapsulate the absorber layer, and the multilayer thin film structure has a hue shift of less than 30° in the Lab color space when viewed at angles from 0° to 45°.

Abstract: A lens protective film includes a base layer, a buffer layer, and a protective layer. The buffer layer and the protective layer are laminated on the base layer. The base layer includes a main body and a first handle extending from the main body. An opening is defined in each of the main body and the buffer layer. The openings of the main body and the buffer layer overlap to form the receiving structure. The receiving structure is used to receive a raised part of a lens. The lens protective film can prevent the buffer layer and the protective layer from being broken and generating debris.

Abstract: To provide an optical film having excellent visibility in a wide angle direction. An optical film including a polyimide-based resin and a polyamide-based resin and having a total light transmittance of 85% or more and a haze of 0.5% or less, in which, when a direction parallel to a machine direction in a plane of the optical film during production of the optical film is defined as an MD direction and a direction vertical to the machine direction is defined as a TD direction, for at least any one surface of the optical film, a first reflection image clarity value CMD in a direction inclined 60° in the MD direction from a vertical direction to the plane of the optical film and a second reflection image clarity value CTD in a direction inclined 60° in the TD direction from the vertical direction which are obtained when a slit width of an optical comb is 0.

Abstract: A direct projection light field display comprising an array of projectors for direct projection of a light field. The overall design and incorporation of additional optics achieve the optimal light distribution and small pixel size to produce a high definition, 3D display. The architecture of the direct projection light field display has low a brightness requirement for each projector, resulting in an increased projector density, decreased system, and a decreased power requirement, while producing a high-definition light field.

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention provide a multi-focal collimating lens and a headlight assembly for an automotive low beam. The multi-focal collimating lens includes a central collimating lens portion and two total internal reflection lens portions arranged on a left side and a right side of the central collimating lens portion. The central collimating lens portion and the total internal reflection lens portions share two focal points symmetrically located on both sides of a vertical symmetry plane of the multi-focal collimating lens. An upper edge and a lower edge of the multi-focal collimating lens are formed based on the two focal points, so that the headlight assembly is able to generate a cut-off line of the automotive low beam in a far-field light pattern of the multi-focal collimating lens.

Abstract: A method of using an absorber of electromagnetic radiation, includes absorbing electromagnetic radiation with the absorber finely distributed or dissolved in a carrier material. The absorber is a crystal water-free iron(II) orthophosphate of the general formula Fe3(PO4)2 or crystal water-free iron(II) metal orthophosphate, iron(II) metal phosphonate, iron(II) metal pyrophosphate or iron(II) metal metaphosphate of the general formula FeaMetb(POc)d, where a is a number from 1 to 5, b is a number from >0 to 5, c is a number from 2.5 to 5, d is a number from 0.5 to 3 and Met represents one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, the transition metals (d block), the metals and semimetals of the third, fourth and fifth main groups, and the lanthanoids or combinations of the above mentioned phosphates as absorbers of electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element prevents degradation of the optical performance of the element due to moisture absorption of the resin layers from taking place and also can prevent cracks of the resin layers and peeling of the resin layers along the interface thereof from taking place in a hot environment or in a cold environment. The diffractive optical element comprises a first layer and a second layer sequentially laid on a substrate, a diffraction grating being formed at the interface of the first layer and the second layer, the height d of the diffraction grating, the average film thickness t1 of the first layer and the average film thickness t2 of the second layer satisfying the relationship requirements expressed by the expressions of 1.1×d?t1?50 ?m and 30 ?m?t2?(400 ?m?t1?d).