Abstract: A voltage sensor includes a drive-sense circuit (DSC) and a reference load. The DSC is operably coupled to a point along a wire that is proximate to a battery terminal. The wire connects the battery terminal to a load. The DSC is configured to generate a signal based on a reference signal that is reference signal is based on an estimate of a voltage at the point along the wire. The DSC is also configured to generate an output signal that corresponds to a difference between the signal and the reference signal and to tune the reference signal until the signal compares favorably to the voltage at the point along the wire. The DSC also is configured to determine the voltage at the point along the wire based on the tuned reference signal. The reference load is operably coupled to the DSC and the point along a wire.

Abstract: A method for validating non-destructive, electromagnetic methods in atmospheric conditions of a battery cell intended to include a lithium metal layer includes selecting a lithium mimic metal layer to replace the lithium metal layer; and creating a mock-up sample including one or more layers of the battery cell. One or more layers comprise the lithium mimic metal layer. The method includes performing electromagnetic testing of the mock-up sample.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for determining the state of charge (SOC) of an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte within a flow battery, by measuring the bulk magnetic susceptibility of the electrolyte. The method includes the step of measuring the magnetic susceptibility of an electrolyte in a measurement region and determining the state of charge of the electrolyte based on the magnetic susceptibility of the electrolyte.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining a capacity of a traction battery. The method includes initiating and/or waiting a predetermined time during which a battery current is below a threshold amount. The method proceeds by selecting an OCV characteristic curve from a group of such curves (31-33, 41-43) based on at least two parameters (P1, P2, . . . Pn). At least one parameter (P1) describes a cell characteristic of battery cells used in the traction battery, and at least a second parameter (P2) describes an operating parameter of the traction battery prior to the predetermined time and/or during the predetermined time. The method continues by determining an open circuit voltage of the traction battery after the predetermined time has elapsed and determining the capacity of the battery based on the selected OCV characteristic curve.

Abstract: The battery diagnosis method includes calculating, by a battery management system (BMS), a plurality of direct current internal resistances (DCIRs) respectively with respect to a plurality of battery cells based on a plurality of cell voltages and a plurality of cell currents, deriving, by the BMS, an entire representative value of the plurality of DCIRs, calculating, by the BMS, a multi-parallel ideality factor based on a parallel connection number, calculating, by the BMS, a dispersion of the plurality of DCIRs based on the plurality of DCIRs and the entire representative values of the plurality of DCIRs, calculating, by the BMS, an upper limit threshold value of a normal range, and deriving, by the BMS, the normal range based on the upper limit threshold value, and diagnosing a state of a battery pack including the plurality of battery cells according to the normal range.

Abstract: A battery measurement system includes: a battery including terminals and a housing case, and a battery measurement device. The battery measurement device includes: a signal control unit provided on a first electrical path connecting positive and negative electrode external terminals and configured to receive or apply an AC signal, a response signal input unit provided on a second electrical path connecting positive and negative electrodes of an electrode body and configured to receive a response signal to the AC signal, and a calculation unit configured to calculate complex impedance information based on the response signal. The second electrical path is wired from the response signal input unit toward the inside of the housing case so that a magnetic flux passage area surrounded by the electrode body and the second electrical path is smaller in magnitude than an area surrounded by the electrode body, the terminals and the housing case.

Abstract: A battery measurement device that measures a state of a secondary battery includes: a signal control section that causes an alternating-current signal to be outputted from the secondary battery or inputs an alternating-current signal to the secondary battery; a current measurement section that measures the alternating-current signal; a response signal measurement section that measures a response signal of the secondary battery responsive to the alternating-current signal; and a calculation section that calculates information regarding a complex impedance of the secondary battery based on measurement results of the alternating-current signal measured by the current measurement section and the response signal measured by the response signal measurement section.

Abstract: A battery charging system with enhanced time-based charging and coupling detection, as well as battery health monitoring. A user provides a time available for charging to the vehicle, a mobile device, or a charging station directly. In the case that the time available for charging is provided to the vehicle or the mobile device, this information, as well as battery health information, is then shared with the charging station when the charging station detects coupling of the associated connector/coupler to the vehicle, or when the vehicle is detected within a predetermined proximity of the charging station. When the vehicle is connected to the charging station and charging commences, a standard charging power may be utilized or a charging power may be selected and utilized such that enhanced or optimized charging can be provided for the available time period.

Abstract: A method includes: determining a state of health of each of the electrical energy storage packs; detecting at least one malfunctioning electrical energy storage pack of the electrical energy storage system; determining an uncertainty measure for each of the determined state of health's; concluding to replace the electrical energy storage packs having state of health lower than a minimum state of health, and electrical energy storage packs that are concluded to be malfunctioning, evaluating the determined state of health's and the corresponding uncertainties for maintained electrical energy storage packs and a set of replacement electrical energy storage packs to find a combination of maintained electrical energy storage packs and replacement electrical energy storage packs that fulfil energy and power requirements for the vehicle taking the uncertainties in state of health into account; determining a new configuration of the electrical energy storage system including the combination of maintained electrical e

Abstract: A method for determining a State of Health (SoH) of a power source of a portable device involves extracting a start voltage value of an examined power source; activating one or more hardware components of the portable device by a software, to increase the current consumption of the device, identifying a voltage drop rate of the examined power source and comparing a calculated voltage drop rate to pre-calculated threshold values stored on a database of a main server. A system for executing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of estimating a short circuit resistance in a battery using open cell voltage (OCV) includes: determining a rest period OCV for a rest period of the battery; determining a no-short OCV of a no-short condition based on a predetermined parameter, a first state-of-health (SoH) parameter, and a first temperature of the battery; determining that an internal short is present in the battery based on the no-short OCV and the rest period OCV, and based thereon extending the rest period of the battery; determining an extended OCV of the battery for the extended rest period based on the predetermined parameter, a second SoH parameter, and a second temperature of the battery; and estimating the short circuit resistance based on the no-short OCV, the predetermined parameter, and the extended OCV.

Abstract: A battery diagnosis apparatus includes a battery monitor to detect a voltage of each of a plurality of battery cells included in a battery module; and a control circuit to determine a latest value of a first voltage deviation indicating a difference between a voltage behavior of each battery cell and an average voltage behavior of the plurality of battery cells over a relaxation period from a start time of a resting event.

Abstract: A method of setting information about a battery pack includes deriving, by a main control unit (MCU), information about a number of a plurality of battery cells based on a set resistance value connected to an input terminal of the MCU; when the derived number of the plurality of battery cells and a set maximum number N of cells are not the same, changing, by the MCU, a cell parameter indicating the number of battery cells from the maximum number of cells to the derived number of the plurality of battery cells; transmitting, by the MCU, a cell information request signal for requesting a number of cell voltages corresponding to the cell parameter to a battery monitoring integrated circuit (BMIC) connected to the plurality of battery cells; and receiving, by the MCU, a plurality of battery cell voltage signals from the BMIC.

Abstract: A battery monitoring system includes measurement devices and a battery monitoring device. Each measurement device measures a cell state of a corresponding cell constituting a battery. The battery monitoring device sequentially communicates, by using wireless communication, with the measurement devices during a communication period; and acquires state information indicating the cell state from each measurement device. In a case where transmitting a measurement instruction of the cell state to each of the measurement devices, the battery monitoring device transmits, to each of the plurality of measurement devices, a corresponding stand-by time interval such that measurement timings of the measurement devices synchronize, the stand-by time interval being a time interval from reception of the measurement instruction until the measurement timing.

Abstract: A computerized simulation validating method for a full-scale distribution network single phase-to-ground fault test is implemented by simulating a full-scale test system with external quantities being controlled to be conformant and validating the full-scale distribution network single phase-to-ground fault test based on a conformance check result between the internal quantities of the field testing and the internal quantities of the simulation testing. The simulation validating method for a full-scale distribution network single phase-to-ground fault test improves normalization and conformance of the full-scale distribution network ground fault test. The computerized simulation validating system, apparatus, and medium for a full-scale distribution network single phase-to-ground fault test also achieve the benefits noted above.

Abstract: A connector seating detection system includes a device having a port that includes at least one port communication contact. A connector seating sensor is located adjacent the port. A connector seating detection subsystem is coupled to the connector seating sensor. When a connector is positioned in the port while not engaging at least one port communication contact by a threshold amount, the connector seating detection subsystem receives an unseated connector signal from the connector seating sensor and, in response, generates an unseated connector indication. When a connector is positioned in the port while engaging at least one port communication contact the threshold amount, the connector seating detection subsystem receives a seated connector signal from the connector seating sensor and, in response, generates a seated connector indication.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of manufacturing a magnetoresistance (MR) element having layers include ramping up a temperature of a reference layer of the MR element to an annealing temperature of the reference layer by increasing an amplitude of laser pulses applied to the reference layer over time to an amplitude that corresponds to the annealing temperature of the reference layer; applying a magnetic field to the reference layer; and maintaining the amplitude of subsequent laser pulses over time that have the amplitude that corresponds to the annealing temperature of the reference layer until at least the reference layer is annealed.

Abstract: A method of determining an orientation of a magnet which is pivotable about a reference position having a predefined position relative to a silicon substrate, includes: providing a silicon substrate; determining a first/second magnetic field gradient along a first/second direction; determining a first/second angle based on said first/second magnetic field gradient and a first/second correction value. A sensor device configured for performing this method. A sensor system includes such sensor device and a magnet, optionally connected to a joystick.

Abstract: A magnetic field gradiometer for determining a magnetic field gradient includes at least one excitation light source for emitting excitation light, and two spatially spaced-apart measuring areas for magnetic field measurement. Color centers in diamond are arranged in the two measuring areas. The color centers emit fluorescent light upon excitation using the excitation light. The magnetic field gradiometer further includes at least one microwave emitter for applying at least one microwave field to the spatially spaced-apart measuring areas, two detectors for detecting the fluorescent light from the two spatially spaced-apart measuring areas, and an evaluator for determining the magnetic field gradient based on the fluorescent light detected by the two detectors. The two measuring areas are configured as freestanding measuring waveguides of a common diamond crystal. The diamond crystal is used as a substrate for the measuring waveguides.

Abstract: The present description relates to a device (20) for detecting a magnetic field (Bz) comprising a first tapered acoustic waveguide (40) having a first base (41) and a first tapered end (42), a first electrically conductive wire (50) rigidly coupled to the first tapered end (42), and an electroacoustic transducer (60) rigidly coupled to the first base (41).

Abstract: A current sensor arrangement includes a first conductor structure extending in a first direction and configured to carry a first current along the first direction; a second conductor structure extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and configured to carry a second current along the second direction; and a magnetic field sensor arranged between the first conductor structure and the second conductor structure and configured to receive a first magnetic field produced by the first current and a second magnetic field produced by the second current. The first conductor structure and the second conductor structure overlap with the magnetic field sensor in a third direction that is perpendicular to the first and second directions. The magnetic field sensor includes a first sensor element sensitive to the first magnetic field and a second sensor element sensitive to the second magnetic field.

Abstract: The present disclosure proposes a spin valve device comprising a layer stack. The layer stack comprises one or more layers forming a unidirectionally magnetized reference system, a vortex-magnetized free layer, a non-magnetic layer separating the reference system from the free layer, and one or more layers forming a bias structure being exchange-coupled to the free layer, the bias structure having a vortex-magnetization with closed flux of a predetermined rotation direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to configurations for MRI or NMR measurements comprising one or more 3D-printed hollow elements, adapted to the shape of an object to be measured wherein in one or more of the 3D-printed elements the wall of the elements is made of a UV-curable electrically non-conducting material forming one or more channels, characterised in that in at least one of the elements with said walls a channel comprises of at least two material plugs of at least two different immiscible materials selected from the group consisting of a dielectric material, an electrically conductive material, and a material with high electrical resistance.

Abstract: The disclosure describes techniques for invalidating a local coil for a magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) system. The techniques include carrying out a measurement with the local coil on the MRT system, changing a mechanical and/or an electrical property of the local coil and/or an item of information about the local coil in the MRT system to the extent that a number of measurements possible with this local coil is reduced and, in the case where only the measurement carried out was possible with the local coil, a further measurement is no longer possible with this local coil on the MRT system. The disclosure also relates to a local coil and to an MRT system.

Abstract: An NMR apparatus having a magnet coil system for generating a homogeneous magnetic field comprises a superconducting magnet arranged within a vacuum vessel in the cold region of a cryostat, and a shim system containing shim elements arranged outside the vacuum vessel. The superconducting magnet has a first mechanical connection point to the vacuum vessel via a magnet suspension, and the shim system has a second mechanical connection point to the vacuum vessel via a positioning element. On at least one portion of a path along the vacuum vessel from the first connection point to the second connection point and/or on at least one portion of a path along the positioning element from the second connection point to the shim system, a regulating element for regulating thermally caused changes in length is arranged on the relevant path. Magnetic field homogeneity can thus be kept largely stable.

Abstract: The devices, systems, and methods can overcome the impact of scan protocols on experimental measurements to reconstruct the CEST equilibrium effect and can therefore improve the quantification of the underlying CEST contrast mechanism. The methods may include determining a spinlock relaxation rate for each RF offset for at least the first signal average so that the normalized spectrum for each RF offset and each slice first signal average corresponds to at least each transient state associated with each saturated slice readout normalized by at least each control state associated with each control slice readout based on the spinlock relaxation rate. The method may further include reconstructing CEST equilibrium effect for each RF offset using the respective spinlock relaxation rate for the RF offset. The method may include determining one or more quantitative information using the CEST equilibrium effect.

Abstract: A system and method for L0 regularization-based compressed sensing (CS) may use a quantum-classical hybrid system consisting of coherent Ising machines (CIM) and classical digital processors CDP). The CIM and CDP each performs alternating minimization for L0 regularization-based compressed sensing (CS). A truncated Wigner stochastic differential equation (W-SDE) is obtained from the master equation for the density operator of the network of degenerate optical parametric oscillators.

Abstract: A method of sensing motion in an MRI scanner includes transmitting at least two tones having different frequencies, using intermodulation to combine the two tones, transmitting the two tones as a combined signal during an MRI scan of a patient, receiving the combined signal using a receiver in the MRI scanner, demodulating the combined signal to produce a demodulated signal, and analyzing the demodulated signal to detect motion of the patient during the MRI scan.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance (MR) system includes an MR receive channel (20) including: an MR coil element (22) configured to receive MR signals in an MR frequency band; an electronic signal processing chain (24) configured to process the MR signals received by the MR coil element to produce processed MR signals, wherein the electronic signal processing chain includes an equalization filter (26); and a signal injector (8, 16, 28, 38, 38D) configured to input a reference radio frequency (RF) signal in the MR frequency band to the signal processing chain, wherein the signal processing chain processes the reference RF signal to generate a processed reference RF signal. Equalizer electronics (30) are configured to adjust the equalization filter based at least on the processed reference RF signal such that the MR receive channel has a flat frequency response over the MR frequency band.

Abstract: A positioning system includes an elevation angle calculator that determines, as a second elevation angle, an inverse cosine of a first value, upon occurrence of a condition in which an absolute value of a first elevation angle is greater than or equal to a second predetermined angle, the second predetermined angle being greater than a first predetermined angle, the first value being obtained by dividing a second value that is obtained by correcting, with a correction value, an altitude measured by an altitude measurement unit, by a distance measured by a distance measurement unit. The elevation angle calculator selects any one of the first elevation angle and the second elevation angle, based on a value of the first elevation angle.

Abstract: Aspects presented herein may improve the accuracy of uplink-based positioning when at least one network entity participating in the uplink-based positioning is operating under an energy saving mode. In one aspect, a network entity receives information indicative of a set of antenna panel configurations for a plurality of network nodes, where the set of antenna panel configurations is associated with a set of energy saving modes. The network entity transmits an indication of one or more UL-SRS transmission parameters for a UE based on the information indicative of the set of antenna panel configurations for the plurality of network nodes. In some examples, each antenna panel configuration in the set of antenna panel configurations may include a number of antennas to be used in an UL azimuth angle measurement and a number of antennas to be used in an UL elevation angle measurement under one energy saving mode.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for determining a location of a receiver using cellular signals include determining a motion of a respective antenna of at least one receiver that received at least one cellular signal, using the determined antenna motion, performing motion compensated correlation on the received at least one cellular signal to generate at least one motion compensated correlation result, determining a direction of arrival for the received at least one cellular signal using the at least one motion compensated correlation result, and determining a location of the at least one receiver using the determined direction of arrival of the received at least one cellular signal and location information related to the at least one emitter from which the at least one cellular signal was received.

Abstract: A method using a UWB for precisely positioning in an environment without a positioning infrastructure is provided. The method, when positioning objects of swarm objects in a free space, etc., calculates an object position of each object through cooperation with objects existing surrounding. In this state, positioning is simply performed without a specific anchor by defining objects as anchors in a UWB in accordance with an embodiment. In particular, cooperative positioning is quickly performed by reducing position errors of objects in accordance with pull-push relationships based on UWB TWR. Therefore, when a specific mission is performed in an environment in which a positioning infrastructure does not exist or is lost, such as a flight space, positioning is performed in the UWB-based cooperative positioning method described above, whereby precise positioning suitable for these environments is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for communication. In an aspect, a network component determines location assistance data comprising information associated with one or more reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). The network component transmits, to a user equipment (UE), the location assistance data to facilitate one or more location procedures based on the location assistance data. The UE receives the location assistance data and performs the one or more location procedures based on the location assistance data.

Abstract: In an aspect, a method performed by a network node includes obtaining a first plurality of radio frequency fingerprint positioning (RFFP) measurements corresponding to a plurality of known displacements between positions of a user equipment (UE); and training a positioning model to provide a position estimate of the UE, wherein the training of the positioning model is at least based on the first plurality of RFFP measurements and the known displacements between the positions of the UE corresponding to the first plurality of RFFP measurements.

Abstract: According to examples, a wearable device may include an imaging component, at least one wireless communication component, and a controller. The controller may activate the at least one wireless communication component to perform a wireless scan of at least one radio available to respond to the wireless scan. The controller may also receive, through the at least one wireless communication component, wireless scan data from the at least one radio and may embed the wireless scan data as part of a media metadata. The wireless scan data may be used to determine a location estimate of the at least one radio and thus, the wearable device. The location estimate of the wearable device may also be used to geotag media captured by the wearable device without using a GPS receiver on the wearable device or when a GPS receiver is unable to track a current location.

Abstract: A method and system for determining a position using a rotatable antenna array is provided. The method and system may include receiving first location information at a first stopping point by one or more antenna of a rotatable antenna array, the first stopping point of each of the one or more antenna being different, rotating the one or more antenna from the first stopping point to a second stopping point using the rotatable antenna array, receiving second location information at the second stopping point by the one or more antenna of the rotatable antenna array, the second stopping point of each of the one or more antenna being different, and determining an average location using the first location information and the second location information.

Abstract: A system determines a distance between networked electronic devices. A first sound signal comprising a first measuring wave having a first frequency carried on a first carrier wave having a first carrier frequency higher than the first frequency is emitted by a first device. A second device receives the first sound signal, and defines a second sound signal comprising a second measuring wave having the first frequency carried on a second carrier wave having a second carrier frequency different from the first carrier frequency. A phase of the second measuring wave is set such that it simulates a reflection of the first measuring wave on the second device. The second sound signal is emitted by the second device and received by the first device. The distance between the first and second devices is calculated based on a phase shift between the emitted first, and received second measuring waves.

Abstract: A method of processing radar data comprising: receiving a mask that identifies a set of samples in received radar signalling that are detected as including interference, and comprises a matrix of data having a fast-time dimension and a slow-time dimension; receiving radar data comprising a matrix of samples of received radar signalling having a fast-time dimension and a slow-time dimension wherein the set of samples identified by the mask have been set to a predetermined value to remove said samples including interference; determining a reconstruction of the radar data in which at least the set of samples of the radar data are replaced with estimated samples, wherein said determining a reconstruction of the radar data comprises formulating an optimization problem based on the radar data and the mask, and applying an iterative method to solve the optimization problem at least in part in the range-Doppler domain.

Abstract: A radar system, a radar device, and an interference avoidance method are obtained that can utilize frequency effectively even in three or more radar devices. A radar system includes three or more radar devices and a schedule management controller. Schedule management controller predicts an interference time period that is a time period during which the overlapping scanning/radiation range is generated, determines a first interference avoidance measure that is a measure to cause radar devices to use respective different use frequencies while keeping a restriction on the number of frequency channels, in the predicted interference time period, and determines a second interference avoidance measure to be performed by a radar device that is unable to avoid interference by the first interference avoidance measure.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for determining a noise floor estimated value, a target detection method and apparatus, and an electronic device. The determining method comprises: obtaining a two-dimensional Fourier data plane corresponding to a linear frequency modulation continuous wave, wherein the two-dimensional Fourier data plane comprises a distance dimension and a Doppler dimension, and the distance dimension comprises a plurality of distances gates; and for each distance gate, determining a noise floor estimated value according to a plurality of two-dimensional Fourier transform energy data of the distance gate along the Doppler dimension. According to the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the noise floor estimated value of each distance gate is determined, and the efficiency and accuracy of the determined noise floor estimated value are improved.

Abstract: A radar device may generate an integrated range-velocity map by combining data from a plurality of range-velocity maps. Each range-velocity map may be associated with a respective radar channel from a plurality of radar channels. The radar device may identify a first peak in the integrated range-velocity map. The first peak may indicate one or more radar targets in the integrated range-velocity map and being identified by a first bin having a first range-velocity bin index. The radar device may determine a first data set by extracting, from each range-velocity map, data that is included in a respective bin associated with the first range-velocity bin index. The radar device may process the first data set to determine a first set of phase imbalances associated with the plurality of radar channels.

Abstract: A transmit beamforming method for integrated multi-antenna systems with joint near-field sensing and far-field communication, which includes: (1) establishing a communication signal transmission model and a communication channel model, and analyzing an upper limit of communication spectrum efficiency; (2) acquiring an optimal communication beam matrix based on the communication channel model; (3) establishing a near-field sensing signal model; (4) generating an optimal radar beam matrix based on an antenna array response vector of a radar detection target; (5) introducing a compromise factor to construct an initial optimization problem of an integrated beamforming matrix in power constraint based on the established near-field sensing signal model; and (6) transforming and solving the constructed initial optimization problem to obtain the integrated beamforming matrix.

Abstract: A radio wave sensor installation method has the following steps. A sighting device is mounted onto a radio wave sensor. The direction of the radio wave sensor is adjusted using the sighting device. The direction of the radio wave sensor is fixed. The sighting device is removed from the radio wave sensor. The sighting device includes a first transparent member and a second transparent member different from the first transparent member. In the step of adjusting the direction of the radio wave sensor using the sighting device, the direction of the radio wave sensor is adjusted using a first sighting mark indicated on the first transparent member and a second sighting mark indicated on the second transparent member.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for performing radar operations based on characteristics of a target. First operational limits defining a limit of a detection operation, imaging operation, or some combination thereof can be identified. The first operational limits can be associated with first operational values of operational parameters. Radar waveform parameters to optimize can be identified. Further, first optimal values for the radar waveform parameters can be identified based on the first operational values associated with the first operational limits. Additionally, a first optimized radar signal can be generated using the first optimal values of the radar waveform parameters. The first optimized radar signal can be optimized for the first operational limits. As follows, the first optimized radar signal can be transmitted towards a target area.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the technical field of signal processing. Disclosed are a MIMO sensor, a method for determining a direction-of-arrival approximation degree, and a target information matching method. The method for determining the direction-of-arrival approximation degree includes: respectively obtaining receiving vectors of a first target and a second target according to a processing result of a multi-channel echo signal, calculating a correlation coefficient between the receiving vectors of the first target and the second target, and determining a direction-of-arrival approximation degree between the first target and the second target according to the correlation coefficient. By using the method for determining the direction-of-arrival approximation degree, the real-time performance of multi-channel echo signal processing can be improved.

Abstract: An inspection system includes a ground penetrating radar (GPR) sensor configured to provide at least one probe signal to a portion of a structure and to receive at least one return signal resulting from the corresponding at least one probe signal. A processor is programmed to: receive the at least one return signal as scan data from the GPR sensor; generate maximum amplitude trace normalized data based on the scan data; generate temporal signal gain data based on the scan data; generate a power spectral density image for each of the scan data, the maximum amplitude trace normalized data, and the temporal signal gain data; and analyze, using a machine learning processor, the power spectral density images to identify an anomaly of interest, wherein the machine learning processor is trained to detect an anomaly of interest based on a training set of power spectral density images.

Abstract: In described examples, a method of operating a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar system includes the following steps. A signal is received. A range Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), a Doppler FFT, and an angle FFT are performed on the signal to generate a radar cube. A point cloud is detected corresponding to the radar cube. Multiple objects corresponding to the point cloud are tracked to generate, for respective ones of the tracked objects, a centroid, a boundary, and a track velocity. For respective ones of the tracked object, a micro-Doppler spectrogram and a micro-range spectrogram are generated. The tracked objects are classified based on corresponding micro-Doppler spectrograms and micro-range spectrograms. In some examples, one dimensional feature vectors are extracted from spectrograms and used for training and classification. In some examples, spectrograms are circularly shifted around a track velocity, or a mean or median frequency, prior to feature extraction.

Abstract: A method of filtering dynamic objects in radar-based ego-motion estimation includes converting measurement value at current time, measured by radar sensor, into point cloud, classifying the point cloud into points of a first object predicted as static object and points of a second object predicted as dynamic object, based on position value of dynamic object tracked at previous time, classifying the points of the first object into the points of the static object predicted as normal value and the points of the dynamic object predicted as outlier, based on outlier filtering algorithm, classifying the points of the second object into points of a candidate static object and points of a candidate dynamic object, based on velocity model of the static object, and tracking a position value of the dynamic object at current time, based on the points of the dynamic object and the points of the candidate dynamic object.

Abstract: An optical sensing device includes a first point cloud data acquisition unit for acquiring first point cloud data associated with a first object and a second object that are included in a first region, a region specification unit for specifying a second region associated with the first object in the first region, a second point cloud data acquisition unit for acquiring second point cloud data associated with the first object by emitting second laser light from the light source to a plurality of second positions associated with the second region, based on second laser reflection light being reflection light of the second laser light, and a first abnormality detection unit for detecting abnormality of the first object, by using the second point cloud data.