Abstract: A LiDAR system having two-dimensional transmitter array is provided. The LiDAR system comprises a light scanner, and a plurality of transmitter groups optically couplable to the light scanner. Each transmitter group of the plurality of transmitter groups comprises a plurality of transmitters. At least two transmitter groups of the plurality of transmitter groups are disposed at different positions with respect to the light scanner, such that scanning areas corresponding to the at least two transmitter groups are different. The LiDAR further comprises a control device configured to selectively control one or more of the plurality of transmitter groups to emit transmission beams toward the light scanner. The light scanner is configured to steer the transmission beams both vertically and horizontally to a field-of-view (FOV), and receive return light formed based on the steered transmission beams.

Abstract: A position-tracking apparatus includes a receiver, which includes a beam steerer oriented to receive a laser signal. The laser signal includes a modulated data signal, a carrier signal, and a tracking signal. The receiver includes a segmented photodiode in optical communication with the beam steerer, thereby receiving the laser signal. The segmented photodiode includes a plurality of active-area segments and a photodiode center. Each active-area segment of the plurality of active-area segments includes a peak tracking-signal power and/or a plurality of tracking-signal power minima, if the tracking signal is misaligned with the photodiode center. The apparatus includes a processor communicating with the beam steerer and the segmented photodiode. The processor is configured to determine an offset of the tracking signal from the photodiode center based on the peak tracking-signal power and/or the plurality of tracking-signal power minima and is configured to adjust the beam steerer based on the offset.

Abstract: A photodetection element includes a pixel region, a first absorption region, a first discharge electrode, a pixel neighboring region, a second absorption region, and a second discharge electrode. The pixel region is formed in a semiconductor substrate and internally generates an electron and a hole in accordance with the incident light. The pixel neighboring region is formed so as to be adjacent to the pixel region and internally generates an electron and a hole in accordance with the incident light. The second absorption region is formed in the pixel neighboring region and absorbs, of either of the electron and the hole generated in the pixel neighboring region, the carrier equal to a first discharge carrier as a second discharge carrier. The second discharge electrode is formed on the semiconductor substrate and discharges, from the second absorption region, the second discharge carrier absorbed in the second absorption region.

Abstract: An electronic device comprising circuitry, the circuitry comprising a mix driver (MVD) for providing a modulation In signal to pixels of a time of flight pixel chip (P500), and at least one Save and Share current circuitry (51, S2) connected to the mix driver (MVD), wherein the Save and Share circuitry (S1, S2) is configured to save charge provided by a power supply (VDD) in a capacitor (CS1, CS2) and to share the saved charge to the pixels of the time of flight pixel chip (P500). A logic chip (L500) comprises an input (l_in) and a buffer block (CLT500), where a modulation signal (GDA) is supplied to the input (1_in) and is delivered to the pixel chip (P500) via the buffer block (CLT500). Capacitors (CS1, CS2) help the mix driver (MVD) with the charging and discharging, respectively, of the pixel units in the pixel chip (P500). Frequencies used for the modulation signal (GDA) may be in the range of several tens of MHz to several hundreds of MHz.

Abstract: The present technology relates to a distance measuring device, a control method thereof, and a distance measuring system capable of arranging sample points of a pixel array so as to obtain more distance information. A distance measuring device includes: a pixel array in which pixels that receive reflected light obtained by reflecting irradiation light from an object are arranged in a matrix; a determination unit that determines some of the pixels of the pixel array as a sample point for detecting distance information; and a storage unit that stores a sample point state table that stores distance information of the sample point and a sample point movement rule table that stores a movement rule of the sample point, in which the determination unit updates position information of the sample point on the basis of the sample point state table and the sample point movement rule table.

Abstract: A signal processing method provided in this application is applied to a terminal device, and the signal processing method includes: after an indication signal sent by a laser receiving sensor is received, processing the indication signal to obtain a target signal, where delay of the target signal relative to the indication signal is preset duration, a pulse width of the target signal is a target width, and the target signal is configured to trigger laser emission; and determining a start moment of laser emission based on the target signal and the indication signal.

Abstract: A ranging device includes: a processing unit configured to operate in a first mode for outputting a signal based on incident light to a first number of photoelectric conversion elements among photoelectric conversion elements and configured to operate in a second mode for outputting a signal based on incident light to a second number of photoelectric conversion elements among the photoelectric conversion elements, the second number being different from the first number; and a time conversion unit configured to generate a signal indicating a time at which light is incident on a light receiving unit based on a time count value input from a time counting unit and a signal generated in the light receiving unit. Switching from the first mode to the second mode is performed in a period from the start of light emission to the next start of light emission of a light emitting device.

Abstract: A LIDAR system includes a signal splitter configured to split a common light signal into a first light signal and a second light signal. The system also includes a signal combiner configured to combine light from the first light signal and light from the second light signal so as to form a combined signal that is beating at a beat frequency. The system also includes electronics that include a beat frequency identifier configured to identify the beat frequency of the combined signal. The electronics also included a chirp rate generator configured to calculate a chirp rate for the common light signal from the beat frequency of the combined signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an information processing device and an information processing method achieving suppression of a drop of coding efficiency. A depth value that wraps around a predetermined value range is quantized by using a predetermined quantization step. A difference value between the quantized depth value and a predicted value of the depth value is derived. A turnback value of the depth value is quantized by using the quantization step. The derived difference value is appropriately corrected by using the quantized turnback value. The appropriately corrected difference value is coded. For example, the present disclosure is applicable to an information processing device, an image processing device, electronic equipment, an information processing method, an image processing method, a program, or others.

Abstract: Various technologies described herein pertain to mitigating motion misalignment of a time-of-flight sensor system and/or generating transverse velocity estimate data utilizing the time-of-flight sensor system. A stream of frames outputted by a sensor of the time-of-flight sensor system is received. A pair of non-adjacent frames in the stream of frames is identified. Computed optical flow data is calculated based on the pair of non-adjacent frames in the stream of frames. Estimated optical flow data for at least one differing frame can be generated based on the computed optical flow data, and the at least one differing frame can be realigned based on the estimated optical flow data. Moreover, transverse velocity estimate data for an object can be generated based on the computed optical flow data.

Abstract: Various technologies described herein pertain to mitigating motion misalignment of a time-of-flight sensor system and/or generating transverse velocity estimate data utilizing the time-of-flight sensor system. A stream of frames outputted by a sensor of the time-of-flight sensor system is received. A pair of non-adjacent frames in the stream of frames is identified. Computed optical flow data is calculated based on the pair of non-adjacent frames in the stream of frames. Estimated optical flow data for at least one differing frame can be generated based on the computed optical flow data, and the at least one differing frame can be realigned based on the estimated optical flow data. Moreover, transverse velocity estimate data for an object can be generated based on the computed optical flow data.

Abstract: A method of modeling precipitation effects in a virtual LiDAR sensor, the method includes receiving a point cloud model representing three-dimensional coordinates of objects as the objects would be sensed by a LiDAR sensor. The method further includes generating a stochastic model of rainfall or snowfall, estimating a probability that a light source from the LiDAR sensor hits a raindrop or a snowflake based on the stochastic model, and modifying the received point cloud model to include effects induced by the modeled rainfall or snowfall based on the probability that light sourced from the LiDAR sensor encounters a raindrop or a snowflake.

Abstract: A cleaning device for cleaning an outer surface of an optical instrument of a motor vehicle is provided. The cleaning device comprises a cleaning fluid supply for supplying to the outer surface, and a cover for temporarily covering at least the outer surface. The cleaning device is arranged to move the cover between a covering position and a releasing position in which the cover covers, or leaves uncovered, the outer surface, respectively. Upon moving from the covering position to the releasing position, or vice versa, the cover can be in successive intermediate positions covering a respective first portion and leaving uncovered a respective second portion of said outer surface. The cleaning device is arranged such that in at least one of the positions, the cleaning device defines a flow path between the cover and the outer surface to allow cleaning fluid to flow between them.

Abstract: The disclosure is a three-dimensional towered checkerboard for multi-sensor calibration, and a LiDAR and camera joint calibration method based on the checkerboard.

Abstract: A radar system applies various angle correction processes with varying levels of computational overhead to reduce errors in angle estimation when processing received return signals. The various angle correction processes aim to overcome systematic errors affected by range migration through correction based on simulation or hardware measurements, through non-iterative refinement, iterative refinement, and/or a combination of correction and iterative refinement.

Abstract: A method in an illustrative embodiment includes determining that a first object authenticated by an electronic device is accessing the electronic device. The method further includes, in response to a second object being detected within a detection range using a radar of the electronic device, determining, based on a detected signal, that the second object is a person. The method further includes determining a distance and an angle between the second object and the electronic device based on an azimuth signal in the detected signal. The method further includes in response to determining that the distance is less than a distance threshold and the angle is less than an angle threshold, determining, based on the biological feature signal, whether the second object is trustworthy. The method further includes deauthenticating the first object in response to determining that the second object is untrustworthy.

Abstract: Passive radar system and method of detection of low-profile low altitude targets based on application of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) satellites signals. Staring array of directional antennas cover entire sky and provide continuous illumination (receiving reflected satellite signals) from multiple targets for fast detection, recognition and targets tracking and increasing detection range. Coupling of each directional antenna with separate receiver cannel allows fast continuous process of information from all targets simultaneously. Monopulse processing of signals from reference sub-set of antennas with overlap antenna patterns provides highest directing accuracy and better clutter/noise and media influence suppression. Directional antenna array does not need beam forming module. System has small weight, size, may be portable or mounted on light vehicle or small drone because small size and weight.

Abstract: A MIMO radar signal processing device includes a plurality of matched filter banks to receive reception signals from a plurality of reception antennas and transmission signals from a plurality of transmission signal generating units and output matched filter outputs serving as vector elements of reception signal vectors, and a bidirectional angle measuring unit to obtain a bidirectional measured angle value constituted by a direction-of-departure and a direction-of-arrival in the reception signal vector of interest corresponding to a range Doppler cell given in target detection processing among the reception signal vectors for the matched filter outputs output from the plurality of matched filter banks.

Abstract: Provided are a time division multiplexing (TDM) frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) radar device including N×M virtual channels implemented by N transmission channels (wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2) and M reception channels (wherein M is a natural number greater than or equal to 2), wherein locations of at least some channels from among the N×M virtual channels overlap each other, a radar sensing data processing method of the radar device, and a vehicle including the radar device.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described to identify motion events on a sloped surface, such as a mountainside, using transmitted and received radio frequency (RF) chirps. A one-dimensional array of receive antennas can be digitally beamformed to determine azimuth information of received reflected chirps. Elevation information can be determined based on time-of-flight measurements of received reflected chirps and known distances to locations on the sloped surface. Motion events may be characterized by deviations in return power levels and/or return phase shifts. The systems and methods may, for example, be used to provide real-time detection of avalanches and/or landslides.

Abstract: A system adaptively filters out a representation of an object from a radar frame captured by a radar device, where a maximum signal strength at zero velocity is obtained in a range bin comprising a detection of the object in range Doppler representations of a set of radar frames captured during a time period before the radar frame. A motion vector is obtained representing a determined magnitude and direction of motion of the radar device at the time when the radar frame was captured. The motion of the radar device is due to an oscillatory movement of the radar device. A range Doppler representation of the radar frame is produced and a direction vector representing a direction from the radar device to the object is determined. A radial relative velocity between the object and the radar device is determined based on the obtained motion vector and the determined direction vector.

Abstract: A multi-static radar detection system for a vehicle includes one or more receivers for collecting multi-carrier modulation signals emitted by one or more transmitters that are positioned at base stations located in an environment surrounding the vehicle. The multi-carrier modulation signals include one or more types of reference signals. The multi-static radar detection system also includes one or more controllers in electronic communication with the one or more receivers. The one or more controllers execute instructions to collect, by the one or more receivers, a multi-carrier modulation signal emitted by the one or more transmitters. The one or more controllers determine a Doppler shift and a time delay of a respective object located within the environment surrounding the vehicle based on an interpolated time-frequency grid; and transform a value for the Doppler shift into a velocity value and a value for the time delay into a range value.

Abstract: A method for determining a movement state of a rigid body relative to an environment using a multiplicity of measurement data sets relating to objects in the environment around the body. Each measurement data set includes a measurement time, a Doppler velocity, and an azimuth angle in relation to a respective sensor reference system. The method includes determining a movement state of the body relative to the environment as a velocity vector and an angular velocity vector in a body reference system. At least one set of conditions that includes a plurality of measurement data sets is created. A function dependent on Doppler velocity deviations between estimated Doppler velocities and the Doppler velocities of the measurement data sets included in the set of conditions is minimized in a regression analysis for the set of conditions. The estimated Doppler velocities are regarded as dependent variables in the regression analysis.

Abstract: Systems, methods and computer readable mediums are provided for processing radar data to improve detection of weaker targets in the presence of stronger targets. One such system comprises a radar sensor to generate range data based on received radar signals; and a processor that performs a first Doppler Fast Fourier Transform (Doppler-FFT) on the range data to provide a first Doppler-FFT representation, identifies a dominant peak in the first Doppler-FFT representation, determines phase noise associated with the dominant peak, modifies the range data using the determined phase noise to provide modified range data, and performs a second Doppler-FFT on the modified range data to provide a second Doppler-FFT representation. The processor operations may be based on a set of instructions stored on a computer readable medium.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method for estimating an intrinsic speed of a vehicle using a vehicle radar system with at least one radar sensor (4) for monitoring the surroundings of the vehicle (1), the method involving transmitting a radar signal via a transmission antenna of the radar sensor, receiving one or more reflected wave signals via a receiving antenna of the radar sensor, the reflected wave signals being the radar signal reflected by one or more objects, calculating an unambiguous Doppler velocity (VD), wherein the unambiguous Doppler velocity (VD) is calculated by the measured ambiguous Doppler velocity (VD,CoG) and a Doppler hypothesis (VDHypo), calculating a host-kinetic information (?) of the vehicle (1) by using the unambiguous Doppler velocity (VD), determining an estimation of the intrinsic speed of the vehicle from the host-kinetic information (?).

Abstract: Disclosed is an image generating device, which includes a measurement device including a plurality of transmitters and a plurality of receivers for a multistatic measurement of an object, an image preprocessing device that receives a raw image signal corresponding to the multistatic measurement from the measurement device and generates a preprocessed image signal based on the raw image signal, an image amplifier that generates an amplified image signal based on the preprocessed image signal, and an image restorer that generates a restored image signal corresponding to the object based on the amplified image signal, and the image amplifier is further configured to set up a first virtual transmitter and a first virtual receiver, to obtain first measurement data of a first target transmitter closest to the first virtual transmitter among the plurality of transmitters and a first target receiver closest to the first virtual receiver among the plurality of receivers.

Abstract: Multiband radar fusion is provided. The method comprises collecting first radar data from a first radar having a first frequency and collecting second radar data from a second radar having a second frequency different from the first frequency. A hybrid, dual-domain complex value convolutional neural network (CV-CNN), fuses the first and second radar data. The CV-CNN alternates between operating in the wavenumber-domain and the spatial-domain of the first and second radar data. A synthetic aperture radar image is reconstructed from the fused first and second radar data according to Fourier-based algorithm.

Abstract: This document describes techniques and systems for stationary object detection and classification based on low-level radar data. Raw electromagnetic signals reflected off stationary objects and received by a radar system may be preprocessed to produce low-level spectrum data in the form of range-Doppler maps that retain all or nearly all the data present in the raw electromagnetic signals. The preprocessing may also filter non-stationary range-Doppler bins. The remaining low-level spectrum data represents stationary objects present in a field-of-view (FOV) of the radar system. The low-level spectrum data representing stationary objects can be fed to an end-to-end deep convolutional detection and classification network that is trained to classify and provide object bounding boxes for the stationary objects. The outputted classifications and bounding boxes related to the stationary objects may be provided to other driving systems to improve their functionality resulting in a safer driving experience.

Abstract: A vehicle object detection system for detecting a target object in a detection area located behind and/or lateral of a subject vehicle, that is configured to generate a judgement on whether a target object which has been detected in the detection area is an alert object, to output the judgement to warning means which is configured to output a warning to a driver of the subject vehicle based on the judgement indicating that the target object is an alert object, and to generate the judgement based on: one or more positions of one or more other objects other than the target object being detected to be located between the target object and the subject vehicle, and a time period during which the target object is detected, being smaller than a specified period of time.

Abstract: A system comprises a vehicle radar sensor including an antenna, transmitter, receiver, and processor. The processor hosts a scanning control module that sends a control signal to the transmitter, receiver, or both, to generate radar beams; and a signal processing module that receives a reflected signal from the receiver to generate radar data. The system also includes an onboard application module and ground surface database. The application module is operative to access information from the surface database, access position and attitude data, access position and attitude uncertainty data, access radar installation data, and access radar data from the signal processing module; identify ground surface areas to be avoided based on the information from the surface database, the position and attitude, the position and attitude uncertainty, and the radar installation data; and perform modified radar operations and/or processing when the ground surface areas to be avoided are within a radar FOV.

Abstract: A method and system of imaging at least one passive object within a surrounding structure is provided. The surrounding structure has multiple surfaces. The method includes: transmitting an ultrasonic signal into the surrounding structure using an array of ultrasonic transmitters and receiving reflections from the passive object using an array of ultrasonic receivers. The method also includes steering the ultrasonic signal such that it includes at least one reflection off a surrounding structure surface using stored data relating to a position of at least one of the surfaces.

Abstract: An underwater sonar device and an underwater detecting system. The underwater sonar device comprises a main body, a propeller, a detector and a hydrofoil assembly. The main body is an axisymmetric structure. The propeller, the detector, and the hydrofoil assembly are disposed on the main body. The detector is configured to detect and image an underwater target. The propeller is configured to drive the main body to move along a longitudinal direction and a vertical direction, and control a pitch angle, a roll angle, and a yaw angle of the main body. The hydrofoil assembly is disposed at a back of the main body, and is configured to adjust an included angle between the hydrofoil assembly and the longitudinal direction of the main body automatically based on water resistance on the hydrofoil assembly to keep the sonar device navigating at a fixed depth.

Abstract: The parking assist apparatus includes a sensor that detects an object by receiving a reflected wave reflected by the object by a transmitted wave, and a controller that executes parking assist control for parking the vehicle in a parking space set based on a detection result of the sensor. The controller provides a predetermined margin to a size of a peripheral object, which is an object detected by the sensor and exists around the parking space, in a provisional direction in which the parking space is narrowed. The controller executes parking assist control using a size of the peripheral object to which the margin is provided. When the size of the peripheral object newly detected by the sensor becomes larger than the size to which the margin is provided, the controller executes parking assist control using the size of the peripheral object newly detected by the sensor.

Abstract: A laser device for providing light to a LiDAR system comprises a plurality of seed lasers configured to provide multiple seed light beams, at least two of the seed light beams having different wavelengths. An amplifier is optically coupled to the plurality of seed lasers to receive the multiple seed light beams. A power pump is configured to provide pump power to the amplifier, where the amplifier amplifies the multiple seed light beams using the pump power to obtain amplified light beams. A second light coupling unit is configured to demultiplex the amplified light beams to obtain a plurality of output light beams, at least two of the output light beams having wavelengths corresponding to the wavelengths of the at least two seed light beams.

Abstract: A distance measurement device is for irradiating a target region with light and measuring a distance to a target object present in the target region. The distance measurement device includes a light emission controller, a detection information acquirer, and a distance calculator. The light emission controller controls a light emitting unit, which emits light toward the target region. The detection information acquirer acquires detection information obtained by a light receiving unit, which detects light from the target region. The distance calculator calculates a distance to the target object using the detection information. The light emission controller controls the light emitting unit to emit light pulses respectively having different light emission intensities for different light emission periods per unit measurement time. The distance calculator calculates the distance using detection timings of response pulses respectively generated by the light pulses being reflected from the target object.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to a select frequency phase measurement (SFPM) time of flight (TOF) system including an emitter and a receiver. The emitter may generate a modulated emitted signal by at least one frequency. The emitted signal may, for example, be a pulsed light signal. The receiver may generate a signal in response to receiving a reflection of the emitted signal off a target object. An ADC element may digitize a signal generated by the receiving element, and a reference signal generated by a monitored signal of the modulated emitted signal. A processing element may generate a phase signal using single frequency analysis of the digitized signals. A distance measurement signal may be generated as a function of the phase signal. Various embodiments may, for example, advantageously enable sub-millisecond sensor response times using commodity processing elements.

Abstract: A transport possibility determination device comprises a distance measurement unit and a control unit. The distance measurement unit acquires information about the distance to an object. The control unit determines the state of a load when the object is a transport platform on which the load has been placed, on the basis of the information about the distance to the object acquired by the distance measurement unit. The control unit determines whether or not a transportable condition, which is a condition for permitting a forklift to transport the load, is met on the basis of the determined state of the load.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laser tracker for the industrial, coordinative position determination of a target, the laser tracker providing two measurement functionalities, namely a measurement functionality for measuring and tracking a cooperative, e.g. retroreflective, target and a measurement functionality for the e.g. scanning measurement of a target with diffuse scattering, wherein both measurement functionalities can be carried out and referenced to each other by means of the same optoelectronic distance measurement device.

Abstract: A method for recognizing a traffic sign by means of a LiDAR system. The LiDAR system is designed to sense an intensity level of a light signal detected in the LiDAR system, the light signal including a plurality of light signal points. The method includes the following steps: a) ascertaining a degree of reflection of each light signal data point from the intensity level thereof; b) comparing the ascertained degrees of reflection with a predefined reflectivity limit value; c) if the predefined reflectivity limit value is exceeded, marking the corresponding light signal data point as belonging to a retroreflector; d) ascertaining a size of the retroreflector from the marked light signal data points. e) recognizing the retroreflector as a traffic sign as a function of the ascertained size of the retroreflector.

Abstract: LIDAR systems and methods for generating point cloud data points using LIDAR systems are provided. In one implementation, a LIDAR system may include a processor programmed to control at least one light source configured to emit a plurality of light bursts for scanning a field of view, wherein each of the plurality of light bursts includes a plurality of light pulses. The processor is further configured to receive, from at least one sensor, reflection signals associated with the plurality of light pulses included in the plurality of light bursts. The processor is further programmed to selectively determine a number of point cloud data points to generate based on the received reflection signals associated with the plurality of light pulses included in at least one light burst. Then, the processor is programmed to output the determined number of point cloud data points generated for the at least one light burst.

Abstract: An image sensing device and a photographing device including the same are disclosed. The image sensing device includes a pixel array configured to have a first pixel and a second pixel that are different from each other in terms of at least one of an effective measurement distance, temporal resolution, spatial resolution, and unit power consumption, and a timing controller configured to determine whether a distance to a target object is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold distance, and selectively activate any one of the first pixel and the second pixel according to the result of determination.

Abstract: Systems and techniques of the present disclosure may access data from a time-of-flight (TOF) sensor of an autonomous vehicle (AV). The TOF sensor may have light signals and received reflections of those transmitted signals such that a set of simulation data can be generated. This set of simulation data may identify a distance to associate with an object that is different from a calibration distance. Equations may be used to identify a light signal amplitude, a signal to noise ratio (SNR), and a range inaccuracy due to noise from the accessed data. The identified the light signal amplitude, the SNR, and the range inaccuracy due to noise may have been identified using equations. Once the set of simulation data is generated, it may be saved for later access by a processor executing a simulation program used to train devices used to control the driving of an AV.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to time-of-flight data generation circuitry, configured to: acquire a time-of-flight (ToF) data stream using a ToF camera; acquire a brightness change event data stream using an event-based vision sensor (EVS), camera; correlate the time-of-flight data stream with the brightness change event data stream in time with each other for generating at least one time-of-flight data frame; and generate the at least one time-of-flight data frame based on the correlation.

Abstract: Aspects and implementations of the present disclosure address shortcomings of the existing technology by enabling Doppler-assisted segmentation of points in a point cloud for efficient object identification and tracking in autonomous vehicle (AV) applications, by: obtaining, by a sensing system of the AV, a plurality of return points comprising one or more velocity values and one or more coordinates of a reflecting region that reflects a signal emitted by the sensing system, the one or more velocity values and the one or more coordinates obtained for the same instance of time, identifying that the set of the return points is associated with an object in an environment, and causing a driving path of the AV to be determined in view of the object.

Abstract: A satellite orbiting in one of a plurality of orbital planes of a satellite constellation system at an altitude range corresponding to low earth orbit includes at least one processor configured to generate satellite state data, and to generate a navigation signal based on the satellite state data. The satellite includes at least one transmitter configured to transmit the navigation signal for receipt by at least one client device on earth. Each of the plurality of orbital planes includes a corresponding one of a plurality of satellite subsets of a plurality of satellites of the satellite constellation system. Each of the plurality of orbital planes is within the altitude range, and the plurality of orbital planes includes a set of inclined orbital planes at a non-polar inclination.

Abstract: A method corrects an ionospheric error affecting pseudo-range measurements in a GNSS receiver receiving a plurality of satellite signals from a plurality of satellites of the constellation of satellites. The method is performed in a navigation processing procedure performed at a GNSS receiver, receiving pseudo-range measurements previously calculated by the GNSS receiver obtained from a first carrier signal and a second carrier signal in the satellite signals, in particular in GPS bands L1 and L5. The method includes performing a correction procedure of the pseudo-range measurements including applying to the pseudo-range measurements corrections for predictable errors obtaining corrected pseudo-ranges and applying to the corrected pseudo-range measurements a further ionospheric error correction calculation to obtain further ionospheric error correction values.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for gathering raw Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) phase measurements at a GNSS receiver and making them available to a remote device for processing to calculate a position fix for the GNSS receiver. The measurements are arranged in a first subset and a second subset. First bits of the first subset and second bits of the second subset are embedded in one or more data messages for transmission to the remote device. The first bits include a coarse part and a fine part of the respective phase measurement. In contrast, the second bits describe at least a portion of the fine part, but none of the coarse part, of the respective phase measurement.

Abstract: A system and a method are disclosed for tracking a position of a body. The system and method including the steps of receiving combined movement data, the combined movement data including first movement data of the body and second movement data of an object connected to the body, wherein the second movement data is data of a movement occurring relative to the body; transforming the first movement data using a first transformation technique; transforming the second movement data using a second transformation technique that is different than the first transformation technique; determining a velocity estimation bias of the body based on a combination of the transformed first movement data and the transformed second movement data; and generating a velocity estimation of the body with the determined velocity estimation bias of the body.

Abstract: In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) receives a spoofing alert message from either a server or an internet-of-things (IOT) device that indicates whether a spoofed Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) condition is present. Based on determining that the spoofing alert message indicates that a spoofed GNSS condition is present, the UE determines, based on the spoofing alert message, a location of a spoofer broadcasting a spoofed GNSS signal, determines, based on the location of the spoofer and a current location of the UE, that the UE is within a receiving area of the spoofed GNSS signal, and determines a position of the UE without using the spoofed GNSS signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are system, method, and computer program product embodiments for adapting to malware activity on a compromised computer system by detecting timing anomalies between timing signals. An embodiment operates by analyzing first timing data accessed from a validated source and second timing data accessed from an unvalidated receiver source in order to compute a threat detection value, which is utilized to determine if there is a discrepancy or anomaly in the timing or frequency of either the validated and unvalidated sources.