Abstract: A bubble blowing apparatus comprising a main body housing, a handle integral to a lower portion of the main body housing, a motor, a fan operably coupled to the motor, the fan being positioned to blow a stream of air outward from a front portion of the main body housing, a pump mechanism operably coupled to the motor, a bubble wand operably coupled to the motor, a trigger that is operable to activate the motor, a bubble solution container, a liquid supply tube operably coupled to the pump mechanism and configured to supply liquid from the bubble solution container to the bubble wand, and a liquid return tube configured to return excess liquid from the bubble wand to the bubble solution container. The bubble wand may further comprise a pair of independent arcuate bubble blade members.

Abstract: A bubble generating device that includes a housing having an outer surface and a motor and fan device positioned in the housing. The fan device may be operably coupled to the motor so that the motor, when activated, causes the fan device to rotate to generate an upward air stream within the housing. The bubble generating device may also include a trough for containing bubble solution and a spout protruding beyond the outer surface of the housing and configured such that bubble solution fed into the spout flows into the trough. A bubble generating assembly may be operably coupled to the motor, so that when the motor is activated the motor causes bubble generating members of the bubble generating assembly to move into contact with the bubble solution in the trough and then into alignment with the upward air stream to generate bubbles from the bubble solution.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a crane machine having a rotatable arm, including: a main body, the rotatable arm, a rotation drive assembly, an elevation drive assembly, and a gripper. The main body defines a holding cavity and a conveying channel; wherein the conveying channel includes an opening that is in communication with the holding cavity. The rotatable arm is arranged in the holding cavity. The rotation drive assembly includes a first driving member configured to drive the rotatable arm to rotate around the centerline. The elevation drive assembly is arranged in the rotatable arm and includes a second driving member and a rotation wheel. The gripper is connected to the rotation wheel through a connection rope; the opening is disposed on a rotational radius of the gripper.

Abstract: A kit for creating a miniature replica including a base object that forms a base of the miniature replica of a food or beverage item, the base object comprising a miniature replica of a component of the food or beverage item, a resin container storing a resin configured to be applied to the base object and to adhere to the base object, the resin container comprising a miniature replica of a container associated with the food or beverage item, and ingredient objects configured to be at least partially embedded in the resin, the ingredient objects comprising miniature replicas of ingredients associated with the food or beverage item, the base object being configured to permit ultraviolet light to pass through the base object to the resin to thereby solidify the resin and affix the resin to the base object and the ingredient objects at least partially within the resin.

Abstract: A harmful substance removal system and method include a direct contact liquid concentrator having a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a mixing chamber disposed between the gas inlet and the gas outlet, and a liquid inlet for importing liquid into the mixing chamber. Gas and liquid mixing in the are mixed chamber and a portion of the liquid is vaporized. A demister is disposed downstream of the mixing chamber. The demister includes at least one stage of mist elimination having a first filter that removes particles greater than 9 microns. A fan is coupled to the demister to assist gas flow through the mixing chamber.

Abstract: A method of concentrating a process fluid, including a carrier fluid, including: (a) maintaining a process fluid at a predetermined temperature value/range; (b) evaporating the carrier fluid from the process fluid to produce a concentrated process fluid; (c) monitoring at least one process variable of steps (a) or (b) to detect fouling formed in either step (a) or (b); and (d) initiating a cleaning protocol if the process variable deviates from a predetermined value/range to reduce the fouling formed.

Abstract: A magnetic material used in the magnetic SF-based composite aerogel is a ferroferric oxide nanocubic particle, which is a magnetic nanomaterial with both excellent magnetocaloric performance and excellent photothermal performance. The magnetic SF-based composite aerogel prepared by the present disclosure exhibits excellent responsiveness to both alternating current (AC) magnetic fields and sunlight. Under an action of an AC magnetic field, the magnetic SF-based composite aerogel exhibits excellent temperature rise performance, which can inhibit the generation of biofouling in pores and channels inside a three-dimensional (3D) porous evaporation material. The magnetic SF-based composite aerogel exhibits excellent water evaporation performance under a sunlight irradiation, with a water evaporation rate of 2.03 kg m?2·h?1.

Abstract: Methods for making high-purity LiFSI salts and intermediate products using one, the other, or both of a reactive-solvent removal/replacement method and an LiFSI purification method. In some embodiments, the reactive-solvent removal/replacement method includes using non-reactive anhydrous organic solvents to remove and/or replace one or more reactive solvents in a crude LiFSI. In some embodiments, the LiFSI purification method includes using anhydrous organic solvents to remove impurities, such as synthesis impurities, from a crude LiFSI. In some embodiments, crude LiFSI can be made using an aqueous-based neutralization process. LiFSI salts and products made using methods of the disclosure are also described, as are uses of such salts and products and electrochemical devices that include such salts and products.

Abstract: A chromatography method in which a gaseous, liquid or supercritical mobile phase containing species to be separated is circulated through a packing. The packing includes a plurality of capillary ducts extending in the packing between an upstream face through which the mobile phase enters the packing and a downstream face through which the mobile phase leaves the packing. A continuous medium permeable to molecular diffusion extends between the ducts, including a porous organic gel or an organic liquid with at least one network of connected pores, the size of which is greater than two times the molecular diameter of at least one species to be separated. The at least one species has a diffusive path between the ducts.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods to quickly and efficiently assess the effect of antibody variants, including PTMs, e.g., glycosylation, oxidation, and deamidation variants, on the binding between the antibody and FcRn. In particular, the present invention is based, at least in part, on the development of an online, two dimension liquid chromatography (2D-LC) method for assessing binding between antibody variants and FcRn. In one aspect, the online 2D-LC is coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). The present invention allows for differentiation of antibody variants by peak pattern and retention time profile by affinity chromatography, and identification of these variants by mass spectrometry analysis.

Abstract: An air-dirt separator adapted to reduce entrained and dissolved air and separate debris from fluid moving through the air-dirt separator is described in the present disclosure. The air-dirt separator includes a degasser unit adapted to reduce pressure in a cavity within the air-dirt separator to enable improved dissolved air reduction.

Abstract: A filtration module is provided, the module including at least one filtration packet containing filtration media or one or more membranes, such as a stack of membranes, the at least one filtration packet having one or more fluid ports, the one or more fluid ports being surrounded by a primary seal and a secondary seal spaced from the primary seal. The secondary seals are designed to maintain sterility of the assembly during shipping, handling and/or installation. A removable film may cover one or more fluid ports to maintain sterility prior to use.

Abstract: A closing and opening device for cartridge filter housings, including a first body and a second body, which move relative to each other, a sealing element between the first body and the second body and moving devices of the first body with respect to the second body; the moving devices are configured to perform a relative shift between the first body and the second body, moving them close and away, to switch from the first configuration where the first body and second body are located at a first distance so that the sealing element is in a resting position to the second configuration where the first body and second body are placed at a second distance, shorter than the first distance, so that the sealing element is compressed by the first body and by the second body.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for improving the operation of a divided wall column for performing distillations. The systems and methods include using a separation stage in a fluid flow pathway for transporting an enriched intermediate stream from a first side of a dividing wall to a second side of a dividing wall. By using a separation stage, the benefit of transporting an enriched intermediate stream can be achieved without requiring precise knowledge of the local concentration profile on the first side of the dividing wall.

Abstract: Thermoplastic bicomponent binder fiber can be combined with other media, fibers and other filtration components to form a thermally bonded filtration media. The filtration media can be used in filter units, such as breather caps. Such filter units can be placed in the stream of a mobile fluid and can remove a particulate and/or fluid mist load from the mobile stream. The unique combination of media fiber, bicomponent binder fiber and other filtration additives and components provide a filtration media having unique properties in filtration applications.

Abstract: A biodegradable filter for the removal of various pollutants, contaminants, or harmful substances from the surrounding air, and a method of fabrication. The filter includes 30% by weight of cellulose nanofibers, 30% by weight of activated carbon, and 20% by weight of polyethylene glycol. The cellulose nanofibers and activated carbon are isolated from date palm biomass, making the filter cost-effective and environmentally friendly.

Abstract: An air filter includes a mounting head, a centrifugal separation assembly and a plurality of filtration assemblies. The mounting head is provided with a centrifugal mounting portion and a plurality of filtration mounting portions. The centrifugal separation assembly is removably connected with the centrifugal mounting portion. The centrifugal separation assembly is used for separating a solid and liquid in an airflow. The plurality of filtration assemblies include “7”-shaped import pipe fittings, filtration shells and filtration apparatuses, the filtration shells are provided with filtration cavities and openings connected with the filtration cavities, the filtration shells are connected with the filtration mounting portions, the filtration apparatuses are disposed in the filtration cavities, inner walls of the import pipe fittings are defined to form import channels, first ends of the import pipe fittings are connected with the filtration mounting portions.

Abstract: An air filter has a filter housing having a raw air inlet and further has a filter element arranged in the filter housing. The filter element has a filter medium body and an end disk with a central primary air passage and a secondary air passage. The filter medium body annularly surrounds a longitudinal axis of the filter element and separates a raw side in the filter housing from a clean side inside the filter element. The filter housing has a primary air outlet communicating through the primary air passage with the clean side of the filter element. The filter housing has a secondary air outlet communicating through the secondary air passage with the clean side of the filter element. The secondary air outlet communicates with the secondary air passage through a channel arranged at the filter element, wherein the channel surrounds the primary air passage annularly and coaxially.

Abstract: A method for wetting volatile material positioned on a filter from an additive manufacturing process includes passing a passivation fluid to an interior space of a filtration system including an outer housing, a filtration medium, detecting an amount of passivation fluid passed to the interior space with a volume detection device, determining whether the amount of passivation fluid passed to the interior space is less than a configurable threshold, in response to determining that the amount of passivation fluid passed to the interior space is less than the configurable threshold, continuing to pass the passivation fluid to the interior space, and in response to determining that the amount of passivation fluid passed to the interior space is not less than the configurable threshold, stopping the passing of passivation fluid to the interior space.

Abstract: An air filter assembly comprises a housing, a filter element and a permeable baffle. The housing comprises an outer wall with a substantially cylindrical inner surface, an inlet, and an outlet. The inlet is positioned along and extends through the outer wall. The outlet is positioned along and extends through an axial end of the housing. The filter element comprises a filter media with a substantially cylindrical outer surface. The filter element is positionable within the housing. The permeable baffle is positioned between the inlet and the filter element. The permeable baffle allows at least some air to flow therethrough.

Abstract: A method is provided for supporting environmental control in a semiconductor wafer processing space, the method includes: flowing a first gas under pressure in a first direction through a first diffuser tube, thereby generating a first lateral flow of gas through a sidewall of the first diffuser tube; flowing a second gas under pressure in a second direction through a second diffuser tube, thereby generating a second lateral flow of gas through a sidewall of the second diffuser tube, the second direction being opposite the first direction; combining the first and second lateral flows of gas within a housing; and outputting the combined lateral flows of gas from the housing to produce a laminar gas flow covering an opening to the semiconductor wafer processing space.

Abstract: A miniature gas detection and purification device is disclosed for a user to carry with him, and includes a main body, a purification module, a gas guider and a gas detection module. The gas detection module detects the gas in the environment surrounding the user to obtain a gas detection datum, and controls the gas guider to be operated according to the gas detection datum, so that gas is inhaled into the main body and flows through the purification module for filtration and purification, and the gas purified is finally guided to an area nearby the user.

Abstract: There is described a filter assembly (2) comprising a filter housing (15) and a removable filter cartridge (16) arranged and/or arrangeable within the filter housing (15). The filter assembly (2) comprises an expelling device configured to exert an expelling force onto the filter cartridge (16) when being arranged within the filter housing (15) for at least partially directing the filter cartridge (16) out of the filter housing (15) and a control device controllable into a locking configuration for blocking the filter cartridge (16) within the filter housing (15) and/or for counter-acting against the expelling force and an unlocking configuration for allowing the expelling force to at least partially expel the filter cartridge (16) from the filter housing (15). The control device comprises at least a first interaction element (20) and a second interaction element (21) interacting and/or being configured to interact with one another with the control device being controlled into the locking configuration.

Abstract: A device includes a collection channel, a protection channel, and a tank containing a liquid. The collection channel is configured to direct an airflow containing particles from the outside to the interior of the tank. The airflow passes through the liquid and the protection channel, and is connected to an outlet of the tank. The tank includes a barrier configured to prevent liquid spatters from reaching the outlet and to allow the airflow to pass through the tank to the outlet. The protection channel is connected to a source of suction, is configured to direct the flow from the outlet to the source of suction. The protection channel includes a condenser configured to condense a vapor of the liquid and to direct the generated condensate to the tank.

Abstract: Gas concentrating systems and methods are provided. In one embodiment, a gas concentrating system and method is provided that includes component heat management. The heat management system can include, for example, one or more air cooling paths. The air cooling paths direct cooling air into and out of component spaces having heat-generating mechanisms. In other embodiments, the heat management system can also include component spaces that are insulated against the heat of heat-generating components. By cooling heat-generating components and insulating other components from heat, reduced wear and extended component life can be achieved. This reduces component failure and costly service to repair or replace failed or worn components. Also, gas concentrating systems and methods are provided for mounting system components with or without the use fasteners and in combination with or without component heat management.

Abstract: Provided are apparatus and systems for performing a swing adsorption process. This swing adsorption process may involve performing dampening for fluctuations in the streams conducted away from the adsorbent bed unit. The process may be utilized for swing adsorption processes, such as rapid cycle TSA and/or rapid cycle PSA, which are utilized to remove one or more contaminants from a gaseous feed stream.

Abstract: A system and method for, removing carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide laden gas mixture, the system comprising a group of carbon dioxide removal structures moving along a closed curve track. At one location along the track is located a desorption or regeneration box, into which each capture structure passes in order to be regenerated. The majority of the CO2 removal structures are fed ambient air, or an admixture of ambient air with a minor portion of a flue gas, and exhaust CO2-lean air. At least one selected such removal structure within each group, at a location immediately preceding its entry into the capture structure, is fed a flue gas comprising at least 4% CO2 by volume. A method for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is provided utilizing a system operating in the same manner as the preceding system.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide recovery system includes: a plurality of absorption towers each disposed for each of a plurality of combustion equipments for absorbing carbon dioxide in an exhaust gas discharged from each of the plurality of combustion equipments into an absorption liquid by bringing the exhaust gas into contact with the absorption liquid; and at least one regeneration tower communicating with each of the plurality of absorption towers, for recovering carbon dioxide from a CO2 rich absorption liquid which is the absorption liquid flowing out of each of the plurality of absorption towers. The regeneration tower is smaller in number than the absorption towers.

Abstract: An aqueous solvent composition useful for CO2 capture is described, that includes one or more CO2-sorbing amines, e.g., an amino acid salt and a tertiary or a sterically hindered amine. The solvent composition may include one or more promoters that are effective to enhance solvent characteristics such as (i) CO2 sorption capacity, (ii) CO2 sorption rate, (iii) CO2 desorption capacity, (iv) CO2 desorption rate, and (v) regeneration temperature, in relation to a corresponding solvent lacking the promoters. In relation to existing CO2 capture solvent compositions, the disclosed aqueous solvent composition provides high solvent CO2 capacity, high rate of CO2 absorption and desorption, high thermal and oxidative stability, low solvent regeneration energy, low solvent emissions, and low solvent toxicity.

Abstract: A method for removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from a H2S-containing gas composition, including dispersing particles of a mud composition in a reactor, introducing the H2S-containing gas composition through a bottom of the reactor containing the mud composition and passing the H2S-containing gas composition through the mud composition, and adsorbing and removing H2S from the gas composition by the mud composition to form a purified gas composition. The mud composition contains a CuMnAl layered triple oxide (LTO) and a base mud.

Abstract: Systems and methods for direct air capture of carbon dioxide or other gases utilize a calcium sorbent in a manner that allows for wide scale, relatively low cost implementation. In particular, a calcium sorbent may be provided as a substantially thin coating on one or more substrates and utilized for direct air capture of carbon dioxide through chemisorption. The carbonated sorbent may be disposed of for sequestration of the carbon dioxide or regenerated with capture of carbon dioxide released from the carbonated sorbent during the regeneration process.

Abstract: A car washing system comprises a filtering unit, a pure water pipeline, a waste water pipeline, a washing pipeline, an optional first branch line, and a second branch line. The filtering unit comprises an RO filter membrane, a filtering pipeline and a booster pump. One end of the filtering pipeline is connected to the inlet of the RO filter membrane. The booster pump is set in the filtering pipeline. The pure water pipeline is connected between a pure water outlet of the RO filter membrane and one end of the washing pipeline. The joint of the pure water pipeline and the washing pipeline is provided with a high-pressure pump. One end of the waste water pipeline is connected with waste water outlet of the RO filtering membrane, and the other end is a discharge end. The second branch line is connected between the waste water pipeline and the washing pipeline.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for extracting desired chemical species including, without limitation, lithium, specific lithium species, and/or other chemical compounds from input flows in a modular unit. The input flows may be raw materials in which lithium metal and/or lithium species are dissolved and/or extracted. The apparatuses and methods may include daisy chain flow through separate tanks, a column array, and/or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A membrane filter configured to filter a liquid, the membrane filter including a base element including at least one membrane carrier that is externally flowable by the liquid and a gas; hollow fiber membranes respectively including lumen and attached at a top of the at least one membrane carrier wherein a liquid permeate is filterable from the liquid into the lumen; a one piece extruded circumferentially closed pipe that envelops the hollow fiber membranes; a gas inlet configured to let gas into a bottom of the membrane filter; at least one permeate collection cavity included in the base element and connected with the lumen and configured to collect the liquid permeate from the hollow fiber membranes; a permeate outlet included in the base element and configured to drain the liquid permeate from the at least one permeate collection cavity laterally from the base element.

Abstract: A funnel-less filtration device that attaches directly to a storage container such as a cell culture media bottle. The device includes a filter collar containing one or more membranes, an inlet with a coupling device for attaching the filter device to a supply of liquid to be filtered, an outlet at a lower portion of the collar, a vacuum port in the collar below the membrane(s) and a filtered vent in the collar above the membrane(s).

Abstract: A system may detect defects in a membrane cell or portion thereof by detecting gas transfer across the defect. Gas may be released in a release region of a chamber. The release region may be separated from a detection region of the chamber by the membrane cell or portion thereof. When gas traverses the product from the release region to the detection region, the system may determine that the membrane cell or portion thereof has a defect.

Abstract: Disclosed is a porous hollow fiber membrane containing a polysulfone-based polymer as a main component, which has an asymmetric structure in which the inner surface side is dense and the outer surface side is coarse, wherein an average of a minor axis diameter of pores of an inner surface is 20 nm or more and 40 nm or less, an open porosity of the inner surface is 10% or more and 30% or less, and a polymer including a monocarboxylic acid vinyl ester unit is supported on at least one of the outer surface and the inner surface. The present invention provides a hollow fiber membrane which has excellent removing performance of substances to be separated such as viruses, and can be used as a separation membrane having high permeability even in a treatment under low pressure.

Abstract: Porous liquid-filtering membranes having a repeatable distribution of pores of a small dimension are provided, as well as pillar templates that are used to produce such liquid filtering membranes. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the pillar templates to make porous liquid filtering membranes.

Abstract: A hollow fiber porous membrane includes polyethersulfone or polysulfone. The hollow fiber porous membrane has an inner diameter from 300-600 ?m, a thickness from 70-200 ?m, a molecular weight cut-off of 10000 or lower, and a plurality of pores having a pore diameter from 0.1-0.5 ?m throughout an outer surface; and a bulging rate of less than 5%. For 20 or more of the hollow fiber porous membranes, after a membrane thickness in a cross section of each one of the hollow fiber porous membranes in the width direction is measured at randomly selected 10 or more locations, an average membrane thickness is calculated based on 200 or more locations in total, and the bulging rate is calculated by a formula below: Bulging Rate (%)=(location numbers where the membrane thickness as measured exceeded 1.3 times the average membrane thickness)/(membrane thickness measurement numbers)×100.

Abstract: Membranes, methods of making the membranes, and methods of using the membranes are described herein. The membrane can comprise a support layer; and a selective polymer layer disposed on the support layer. The selective polymer layer can comprise a selective polymer matrix (e.g., hydrophilic polymer, an amine-containing polymer, a low molecular weight amino compound, a CO2-philic ether, or a combination thereof), and graphene oxide dispersed within the selective polymer matrix. The membranes can be used to separate carbon dioxide for hydrogen. Also provided are methods of purifying syngas using the membranes described herein.

Abstract: Halogen-free, microporous polyolefin membranes are disclosed herein. The halogen-free, microporous polyolefin membranes can be manufactured using an environmentally friendly manufacturing process that includes extrusion of polymer-plasticizer mixtures followed by sheet formation and extraction of the plasticizer with a halogen-free solvent. The halogen-free solvent has a flashpoint greater than about 23° C. and an initial boiling point at least about 50° C. lower than the flashpoint of the plasticizer. The process can further be a closed loop process in which the halogen-free solvent can be reused.

Abstract: Porous membranes are provided according to the invention having desirable coefficient of thermal expansion and large surface area, for example at least about 4,000 mm2. These porous membranes may be made according to an exemplary process employing lithographic patterning of a photoresist followed by development of the photoresist and etching. In one aspect, the etch barrier layer is chosen from a material that does not react with or incorporate metal or other contaminants into the membrane layer.

Abstract: An emulsion system is provided. The system includes a shaft that supports a plurality of cutting assemblies and plates in alternating order, wherein the cutting assembly rotates with respect to an in close proximity to the plate. The plurality of cutting plates each on their circumferential edge have an identification system to memorialize the diameter of the emulsion holes.

Abstract: A mixing device having a stirring element can include: a container for receiving fluids and/or solids; and at least one rotatable stirring element for mixing the fluids and/or solids; wherein the stirring element comprises a first bearing element and a second bearing element which are arranged at or near opposite ends of the stirring element; wherein the first bearing element is mounted on a first face of the container and the second bearing element is mounted on an opposite second face of the container; wherein the first bearing element comprises at least one non-permanently magnetized element such that it can be moved in rotation by externally induced reluctance forces, and wherein the second bearing element is mounted in a contactless manner by externally induced magnetic forces.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for dispensing a powdered cosmetic composition, including a dispenser holder configured to hold at least one dispenser that stores a cosmetic composition that is used to make a powdered cosmetic composition; a container receiving area configured to hold a output container beneath the at least one dispenser; and circuitry configured to determine the cosmetic composition in the at least one dispenser, control the output container to be moved beneath the at least one dispenser, and control the dispenser to dispense the cosmetic composition into the output container.

Abstract: A system for bone cement includes a vial holder configured for receiving a vial and including a holding structure for maintaining the vial in the vial holder. The vial includes a monomer component for bone cement. A holder chamber is configured to receive and secure the vial holder. The vial holder is advanced toward a vial-breaking device for breaking the vial and releasing its contents into the holder chamber past the elastomeric seal. Once the vial holder is advanced further the elastomeric seal is deformed to form a seal and prevent fumes produced from escaping from the device.

Abstract: A process may be utilized to coat urea-containing granules with organic polymers. The process may involve compressing gaseous carbon dioxide and condensing the carbon dioxide to obtain liquid carbon dioxide, increasing the pressure and/or the temperature above the critical point of carbon dioxide and obtaining supercritical carbon dioxide, dissolving an organic polymer in the supercritical carbon dioxide to obtain a polymer-containing solution, and mixing the polymer-containing solution with urea-containing granules and lowering the temperature and/or the pressure below the critical point of carbon dioxide and obtaining coated urea-containing granules and gaseous carbon dioxide. In some cases the organic polymer may include biodegradable polymers, and the polymer-containing solution may contain between 20 to 70% by weight biodegradable polymers.

Abstract: A method for producing a formed body containing magnesium oxide and calcium carbonate is shown and described, comprising the steps: a) Providing the following components: 1) A magnesium oxide component which has the following properties, in each case based on the total weight of the magnesium oxide component: i) Content of magnesium oxide in the dry substance of more than 70% by weight, ii) Ignition loss of less than 25% by weight, iii) Free calcium oxide content of less than 5% by weight, 2) a calcium carbonate component, the components as a whole having a free calcium oxide content of less than 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the components; b) Mixing components 1) and 2) to obtain a mixture; c) Forming at least one formed body from the mixture obtained in b) with the addition of water.

Abstract: Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) are highly porous entities comprising a multidentate organic ligand coordinated to multiple metal centers, typically as a coordination polymer. Some highly porous MOFs lack stability at ambient conditions. MOFs having ambient condition stability may comprise a plurality of metal clusters (M4O clusters, M=a metal), and a plurality of 4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)benzoate ligands coordinated to the plurality of metal clusters to define an at least partially crystalline network structure having a plurality of internal pores.

Abstract: This invention relates to heterogeneous catalysts useful for selective hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, comprising palladium and optionally a promoter, supported on a substrate, having an uncoated BET surface area of ?9 m2/g, the surface being coated with an ionic liquid. Also described are methods of making the catalysts and methods of selective hydrogenation of acetylene and/or dienes in front-end mixed olefin feed streams.