Abstract: The invention provides an oil pump as a replacement for the conventional piston type oil pumps used in Triumph motor cycles. The pump of the invention comprises a plurality of plates with a feed pump section between a pair of plates and a scavenge section between another pair of plates. Appropriate bores and galleries are provided between the plates for the pumping of the oil. The pumping sections are formed by rotary lobed pump members.

Abstract: A crankshaft supporting structure in a multicylinder internal combustion engine has a cylinder block made of a light alloy and including a cylinder housing and a crankcase having a plurality of spaced journal walls. A plurality of spaced bearing caps made of an iron alloy are coupled respectively to the journal walls. A crankshaft is rotatably supported in bearing holes defined by the journal walls and the bearing caps. A bridge made of a light alloy extends across the bearing caps and is coupled to the bearing caps. The bearing caps and the bridge are fastened together to the journal walls by connecting bolts disposed one on each side of the crankshaft. The bridge has a main portion defining a main gallery extending longitudinally therethrough and a plurality of legs coupled to the bearing caps, respectively. The bearing caps and the legs jointly define branch oil passages communicating with the main gallery and the bearing holes.

Abstract: The invention pertains to an oil drain fitting for internal combustion engines which permits a quick draining of the oil. A body threaded into the conventional oil pan drain hole includes an axial passage having a tubular valve reciprocally mounted therein. The valve is open at its lower end and closed at its inner end having a head which seats against the inner end of the body. The lower end of the valve includes an abutment surface for engagement by a drain conduit fitting for axially displacing the valve inwardly to open the valve and permit flow therethrough. A cap may be mounted on the body to enclose the lower end of the valve when the fitting is not in use.

Abstract: A combination counterbalancing and oil slinger mechanism located in the sump of a horizontal shaft internal combustion engine having two slinger counterweights radially connected on a slinger shaft. As the counterbalancing oil slinger rotates, it both counterbalances the inertial forces created by the moving parts of the engine and also lubricates the same moving parts by throwing lubricating fluid towards them. A deflector situated partially above the counterbalancing oil slinger directs the lubricating fluid towards the critical bearing points of the moving parts. A restricting wall in the engine sump controls the quantity of lubricating fluid flowing into the oil slinger well.

Abstract: A splash lubricating device for a horizontal or inclined engine comprises an oil-spoon which is fixed to the connecting-rod of an engine having a cylinder installed on a crank case thereof horizontally or obliquely protrusively therefrom and which is provided with an oil-splash portion formed by bending laterally the lower end portion of the oil-spoon. And the oil-splash portion is turned forward by the connecting-rod along an elliptical orbit inclined forward and downward. The posture of the oil-splash portion is settled nearly parallel with an inrush angle thereof relative to the oil near an oil upper limit level in an oil pan in order to lessen the resistance put thereupon and also inclined forward and downward at a smaller angle than an outrush angle thereof relative to the oil near an oil lower limit level in order to attain good lubricating performance as well as lessen the resistance put thereupon.

Abstract: Several embodiments of fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines wherein certain components of the engine are lubricated directly by lubricant supplied by a lubricant pump and the lubricant pump also supplies lubricant to a fuel injection pump. In some embodiments, the fuel delivered to the injection pump is mixed with the fuel pumped by the injection pump for delivery to the engine through an injection nozzle.

Abstract: Oil is supplied from an oil pump as working oil to hydraulic lash adjusters and also as lubricating oil to journals and cams of a camshaft. The oil passage system includes a first supply passage connected to the oil pump, a second supply passage connected between the first supply passage and a first distribution passage coupled to a group of hydraulic lash adjusters, a joint passage connected to the first distribution passage, and a second distribution passage coupled to the joint passage and connected to another group of hydraulic lash adjusters. The second distribution passage is connected by air vent passages to a lubricating oil passage which supplies the camshaft with the lubricating oil. The joint passage is connected to one of the camshaft journals by a relief passage having a relief valve.

Abstract: A container arrangement for supplying with an oil a hydraulic system and a transmission of a vehicle, the arrangement comprises an element containing a supply of an oil to be used both for a hydraulic system and a transmission of the vehicle, a lubricant pump for supplying the oil to the transmission, a hydraulic pump for supplying the oil to the hydraulic system, and an additional container located above an oil level in the element so that the hydraulic pump aspirates always filtered oil from the additional container for the hydraulic system.

Abstract: A fuel tank includes a first container adapted to contain a fuel mixture, and a second container adapted to contain oil. A metering arrangement is provided for selectively delivering a measured quantity of said oil from the second container to the first container when fuel is added to the first container, the volume of the oil delivered to the first container being proportional to the volume of fuel added to the first container. A valve assembly is also provided for alternatively providing fluid communication between a metering chamber and the first container and the metering chamber and the second container and for permitting oil flow to the first container only when the fuel tank cap is removed.

Abstract: A fuel tank includes a first container adapted to contain a fuel mixture, and a second container adapted to contain oil. A metering arrangement is provided for selectively delivering a measured quantity of said oil from the second container to the first container when fuel is added to the first container. The volume of the oil delivered to the first container being proportional to the volume of fuel added to the first container. A valve assembly is also provided for alternatively providing fluid communication between a metering chamber and the first container and the metering chamber and the second container and for permitting oil flow to the first container only when the fuel tank cap is removed.

Abstract: A timing case, for a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine having gas changing valves arranged essentially in parallel to one another, wherein the guiding of a camshaft 7, the timing case also has a divided bearing 8, the bottom part 8' of which is connected to a web 11 between breakthroughs 2, 3 provided for the guiding of the tappets 4 such that, in the case of narrowly adjacent breakthroughs 2,3, during the manufacturing, a cutting of the bearing bore 9 in the lower part 8' of the bearing is avoided with the result of a reduced bearing surface 12, the web 11, such that a wall thickness "s" that is smaller than the width "x" of the bearing 8, ends at such a distance "y" from the bearing surface 12 of the bearing bore 9 that a bearing wall 9' remains on both sides of the web 11 that has the bearing surface 12, the bearing wall 9' being connected with said web 11 in one piece.

Abstract: Several embodiments of separate lubricating systems for two-cycle internal combustion engines and particularly those of outboard motors. In each embodiment, the lubricating system includes a relatively large lubricant storage tank that is adapted to be carried in the hull of the associated watercraft and a relatively small lubricant delivery tank carried by the engine of the outboard motor. A pump is provided for transferring lubricant from the storage tank to the delivery tank and warning devices are incorporated to indicate when the level in each of the tanks falls below a predetermined value. Furthermore, the transfer pump is disabled upon the falling of the level of the liquids in the storage tank below a predetermined value. The pump is positioned in proximity to this storage tank and is juxtaposed and plumbed in such a way that it will not pick up foreign particles from the bottom of the tank, but will always have its inlet and outlet subject to liquid so that the pump will not run dry.

Abstract: An engine balance device utilizing rotating balance shafts mounted in a housing means beneath the crankshaft and attached to the engine block by a plurality of legs spaced in the direction of the crankshaft axis to engage bearing journals located between cylinder bores. An oil pumping means evacuates oil from the housing means in cooperation with vacuum formation preventing air bleed means to the housing interior.

Abstract: A lubricating oil passage arrangement for a water-cooled internal combustion engine with a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores and a water jacket surrounding the cylinder bores. The cylinder block includes a side wall and a bulging portion projecting laterally outwardly from the side wall for defining a lubricating oil passage adjacent to the water jacket. Lubricating oil flowing through the lubricating oil passage is effectively cooled by the cooling water in the water jacket.

Abstract: Several embodiments of fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines wherein certain components of the engine are lubricated directly by lubricant supplied by a lubricant pump and the lubricant pump also supplies lubricant to a fuel injection pump. In some embodiments, the fuel delivered to the injection pump is mixed with the fuel pumped by the injection pump for delivery to the engine through an injection nozzle.

Abstract: A lubricating oil input system includes a joiner, a first ignition advance vacuum tube connected between the joiner and distributor of an internal combustion engine, a second ignition advance vacuum tube connected between the joiner and carburetor of the engine, a connecting tube connected between the joiner and an oil tank which contains lubricating oil and cleaner. The system further includes a small tube disposed within the connecting tube, joiner and second ignition advance vacuum tube; a filter means disposed at the joint region of the oil tank and connecting tube; and a returning means connected to the first ignition advance vacuum tube abutting against the joiner, so that the lubricating oil is directed from the oil tank through the lubricating oil input system into the carburetor to be mixed with gasoline.

Abstract: A two-stroke internal combustion engine of the crankcase scavenging type, in which a nozzle connected to a lubricant feed line is provided in the intake passage for picking up oil from a lubricant reservoir via a partial vacuum. For simple and sufficient lubrication and cooling of the crank gear in accordance with the respective requirements of the engine, the nozzle (62) is positioned in the area of the smallest cross-section of a Venturi-tube-like part (60) of the intake passage, and an injection pump (54) is provided for fuel delivery, which eliminates the need for an oil pump.

Abstract: A lubricating system for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. This system includes a pair of passages formed between a crank chamber for reserving oil and an air-oil separating chamber accommodating a mechanism for actuating overhead valves. The pair of passages are constituted by a breather passage formed in the upper portion of a cylinder and the oil-returning passage formed in the lower portion of the cylinder. The breather passage has a valve for allowing a fluid to pass solely toward the air-oil separating chamber and a large oil-circulating resistance is imparted to the fluid flowing toward the air-oil separating chamber through the oil-returning passage, thereby circulating an oil mist in one direction only by using the reciprocal motion of each piston. Even when the engine is inclined, oil is prevented from flowing back from the crank chamber to the separating chamber through the oil-returning passage.

Abstract: An oil sump 1 of an internal combustion engine has a recess 3, into which dips a suction funel 5 of an oil pump. The funnel is spaced slightly from the oil sump floor 7. A honeycomb-shaped insert 8 is positioned in the recess 3 at a slight spacing from the oil sump floor 7. The height b of the insert 8 amounts to a multiple of the spacing a from the oil sump floor and also a multiple of the side length c of the substantially square cross-section of the chambers 11 of the insert 8. As a result, the oil flowing back from the engine, which is strongly foamed with air because of the rotating motion of the crankshaft drive, can become de-foamed in the relatively high chambers 11, whereby the oil foam in the chambers 11 rises and air-free oil in the chambers drops down to the oil sump floor 7. This ensures that the oil pump, which is pumping out from the oil sump floor 7, essentially draws in air-free oil.

Abstract: An engine balance device utilizing rotating balance shafts mounted in a housing means beneath the crankshaft and attached to the engine block by a plurality of legs spaced in the direction of the crankshaft axis to engage bearing journals located between cylinder bores. An oil pumping means evacuates oil from the housing means in cooperation with vacuum formation preventing air bleed means to the housing interior.

Abstract: An improved oil pan in combination with an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The oil pan has no drain outlet for permitting lubricating fluid to be drained away. The oil pan must be removed from the engine in order to replace the engine fluid. The oil pan is connected to the underside of the engine by a plurality of clamps such that each clamp applies clamping forces in a direct substantially perpendicular to the line defined by the points where the oil pan contacts the underside of the engine in the region proximate to the clamp.

Abstract: An engine oil pan of the dry sump type is divided into inner and outer parts by a funnel-like baffle with a hole in the bottom, the hole being of a controlled vertical height, the outer part being an oil reservoir connected to the engine suction side of the engine positive crankcase ventilating (PCV) system, the inner part receiving the oil therein from the various engine parts and being connected to the fresh air inlet side of the PCV system, thereby, during normal engine operation, establishing a constant pressure differential across the baffle to force oil collected in the inner part through the hole into the outer part, the oil level in the inner part stabilizing at the level of the hole in the baffle, the oil in the outer part stabilizing at a level dependent upon the total quantity of oil in the system and the volume of the reservoir, thereby removing standing oil from the vicinity of the moving parts in the crankcase which reduces friction and aeration of the oil and yet provides an adequate supply of

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for effecting the periodic partial replacement of used lubricating oil with fresh lubricating oil in the oil-confining reservoir of an internal combustion engine. The apparatus utilizes a first container which holds fresh oil, a second container which holds used oil, and associated pumps which transfer fresh oil to the engine and remove used oil therefrom. Monitoring means record the extent of usage of the oil and dictate the operation of the pumps.

Abstract: An apparatus for filtering the oil flow of an engine. The apparatus includes a full-flow filter, whose forward end is adapted to permit use of the full-flow filter either with or without a by-pass filter. The rear end of the full-flow filter is attached to an oil filter bushing, in the same manner as the typical spin-on type oil filter. If the user desires to use the full-flow filter with the by-pass filter, a small hole may be punched in the forward end of the full-flow filter. From this hole, a small portion of oil flows through a connecting hose into the by-pass filter. This small portion of oil is then filtered by the by-pass filter and flows out of the by-pass filter through a second connecting hose to an existing oil system line access, such as the drain pan plug, oil filter cap, or engine valve cover. The by-pass filter is mounted to the engine with a sleeve having grommets. A method of retrofitting an engine for use with the full-flow filter and by-pass filter is also provided.

Abstract: A lubrication system with oil recovery for a two-stroke engine piston with pump-sump for scavenging, said system consisting of a lubicating oil pressure circulation system having inlet and outlet holes for the oil, said holes passing through the wall of the cylinder, and of shaped scraper rings, each ring being housed within a circular housing or seat obtained on the outside skirt of the piston, said circular housings being provided on the skirt of the piston at a height which does not allow any overlapping of said scraper rings on the transfer ports of the two-stroke engine.

Abstract: An oil pan adapter in the form of a rectangular frame with transverse reinforcing ribs is mounted to the underside of a cylinder block both for the higher adaptability for the installation of various type oil pans and for noise reduction through the damping of cylinder block vibration. One of the opposite end faces of the oil pan adapter is held against a flywheel housing mounted to one end of the cylinder block. For fluid tightly sealing this end face of the oil pan adapter, there is formed therein a generally U shaped groove including a pair of vertical limbs each having a horizontal limb joined to its top end. Each horizontal limb is open not only toward the flywheel housing but also toward the cylinder block. A sealing strip of matching shape and size is engaged in this U shaped groove to be held against both the flywheel housing and the cylinder block.

Abstract: Arrangements for sound deadening vibration isolation mounting of an engine oil pan on an associated frame or block are provided wherein special flange opening gripping or guiding resilient seals combine with flange recesses, rubber-metal isolators and shoulder bolts or the like to aid installation of the pan and mounting means on an engine.

Abstract: A lubrication system for a vertical shaft engine includes a crank case having an upper and a lower wall, a vertical crank shaft, a vertical balancing shaft, each pair of upper and lower bosses formed in said upper and lower walls for rotatably supporting these shafts an oil pump having a drive shaft housed in a lower boss for supporting said balancing shaft, and adopted to be driven by said balancing shaft, and an oil feeding passage for feeding lubricating oil from said pump to any part desired to be lubricated in said engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with a lubricating system and a full flow oil filtering circuit arranged in parallel with the main oil lubricating circuit of the engine. The lubricating system includes drive means an oil lubricating circuit for lubricating the drive means, an oil sump connected in flow communication with the lubricating system and an oil pump connected in flow communication with the sump and a lubricating system and operably driven by the drive means for pumping oil from the sump through the lubricating circuit and back to the sump. The parallel flow oil filtering circuit includes an oil filter disposed adjacent the oil sump and connected in flow communication therewith. An oil pump is disposed adjacent the sump and connected in flow communication with the sump and the oil filtering means. The oil pump is driven by engagement with the governor gear.

Abstract: The crankshaft of an engine is supported by bearing caps mounted on journal walls of a cylinder block and a bridge interconnects the bearing caps. Oil passages in each bearing cap lead from the bridge to each crankshaft journal bearing at a laterally offset location rather than on the cylinder axis. A longitudinal main gallery in the bridge supplies oil to the passages and is laterally offset even further to that side. A supply passage in the bridge and one bearing cap at one extreme lateral side supplies oil from a pressurized oil supply passage in the cylinder block to that supply passage in the bearing cap.

Abstract: A lubricating system for an internal combustion engine including an improved lubricant return for returning lubricant from the valve actuating mechanism of the cylinder head to the crankcase.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with a lubricating system and a full flow oil filtering circuit arranged in parallel with the main oil lubricating circuit of the engine. The lubricating system includes drive means an oil lubricating circuit for lubricating the drive means, an oil sump connected in flow communication with the lubricating system and an oil pump connected in flow communication with the sump and a lubricating system and operably driven by the drive means for pumping oil from the sump through the lubricating circuit and back to the sump. The parallel flow oil filtering circuit includes an oil filter disposed adjacent the oil sump and connected in flow communication therewith. An oil pump is disposed adjacent the sump and connected in flow communication with the sump and the oil filtering means. The oil pump is driven by engagement with the governor gear.

Abstract: A novel oil addition device which is operable on vehicles frequently maintained in operational condition on unlevel surfaces for extended periods of time.

Abstract: An oil passage comprising at least one hydraulic communication means in the form of pipe which is disposed at the position located outwardly of the cylinder block of an engine so as to establish hydraulic communication between the cylinder head and the oil pan. Oil fed in the interior of the cylinder head is returned to the oil pan by way of the hydraulic communication means.

Abstract: A splash lubricating system for an engine having a crank case, a crank room formed in said crank case, an oil reserving room formed in lower part of said crank case for lubricating oil, and an oil splasher extending from a big end of the connecting rod downward so as to splash about lubricating oil from said reserving room to said crank room on its way from the front side to the back side along the lower part of its orbit, wherein the improvement involves a transverse partition covering over all of said oil reserving room, disposed in the upper space thereof, having an opening which allows said oil splasher to move therein, and three buffer plates covering front, right and left sides of said opening respectively for controlling oil level under them.

Abstract: A lubricating oil pump for a four-stroke internal combustion engine inclu a pump body; an annular gearwheel rotatably mounted around the outer perihery of the pump body, the annular gearwheel including projections on its outer surface to function as cams for valve control and including teeth on its inner surface; and a driving pinion mounted within the annular gearwheel and attachable to the crankshaft of the engine, the driving pinion including external teeth in meshing engagement with the internal teeth of the annular gearwheel such that the annular gearwheel rotates at half the speed of the driving pinion.

Abstract: There is disclosed a lubricant feed system for use in a journal of a crankshaft comprising first bearing supporting portions formed in a cylinder block, each having a peripheral surface, second bearing supporting portions formed in caps, each having a peripheral surface, first bearings in the form of half shells arranged on the peripheral surfaces of the first bearing supporting portions, second bearings in the form of half shells arranged on the peripheral surfaces of the second bearing supporting portions and an oil main gallery. In this arrangement, annular grooves are formed on the peripheral surfaces of the first and second bearing supporting portions and oil grooves are circumferentially formed at the inner peripheral surfaces of the first bearings. Apertures are formed at the first bearings to communicate the annular grooves with the oil grooves. The inner peripheral surfaces of the second bearings are made flat.

Abstract: A low level lubricating oil detector for an internal combustion engine. The detector includes a tube that is located in crankcase of the engine and the tube has an opening in its lower end located at the predetermined minimum oil level. The upper end of the tube communicates with a chamber and one side of the chamber is enclosed by a piezo electric element. When the oil level in the crankcase recedes beneath the minimum level, pressure pulsations in the crankcase are transmitted through the tube to the piezo electric element which generates a signal that operates through an electric circuit to stop operation of the engine.

Abstract: To control the viscosity of oil circulating in a forced-oil circulation path of an engine, oil is conducted to a receptacle located, for example, within the oil pan of the engine or in communication with the overflow outlet stub (14) of the oil pump (3), and oil is conducted from this intermediate receptacle, for example in form of a pan (6) in two parallel paths. One of the paths conducts the oil directly to the suction inlet of the pump after, however, having to overcome a static pressure, for example by flowing over an elevated weir, notch, or through an overpressure valve; the other path is through a flow resistance element (7), for example a constricted tube, a lamella package, or the like, and then to the cooling portion of the oil pan, remote from the suction inlet of the pump.

Abstract: A lubricating apparatus in an internal combustion engine of the horizontal type in which a main oil gallery for feeding oil to engine portions to be lubricated is provided substantially parallel to the engine crank shaft in the bearing cap secured to engine block for rotatably supporting the crank shaft, and an oil filter is provided on the bearing cap at a central portion in the direction of the crank shaft. The oil pump is provided on one end of the crank shaft and oil passages are formed in the bearing cap for conducting the oil from the oil pump to the oil filter and then from the oil filter to the central portion of said main gallery.

Abstract: Several embodiments of separate lubricating systems for two-cycle internal combustion engines and particularly those of outboard motors. In each embodiment, the lubricating system includes a relatively large lubricant storage tank that is adapted to be carried in the hull of the associated watercraft and a relatively small lubricant delivery tank carried by the engine of the outboard motor. A pump is provided for transferring lubricant from the storage tank to the delivery tank and warning devices are incorporated to indicate when the level in each of the tanks falls below a predetermined value. Furthermore, the transfer pump is disabled upon the falling of the level of the liquid in the storage tank below a predetermined value. The pump is positioned in proximity to this storage tank and is juxtaposed and plumbed in such a way that it will not pick up foreign particles from the bottom of the tank, but will always have its inlet and outlet subject to liquid so that the pump will not run dry.

Abstract: An adaptor (ladder frame 10) and oil pan assembly (14), including a method of assembly therefor, is disclosed for mounting on an internal combustion engine block (2) equipped with a lubrication system designed to receive oil for recirculation through an inlet port (22) in the ladder frame (10) offset from the center of the oil pan assembly (14) when the assembly (14) is mounted in one of two reversed positions. The oil pan assembly (14) includes an asymmetrically offset oil pan reservoir (27) and integrally connected sump pipe (28, 48) within the interior of the pan shaped in accordance with the intended position of the oil pan assembly when mounted on the engine. The shape of the sump pipe (28, 48) is selected to provide automatic alignment and connection between the reservoir (27) and the inlet port (22) when the oil pan assembly (10) and sump pipe (28, 48) are simultaneously mounted on the engine.

Abstract: There is disclosed an oil changing and lubricating system for a vehicle comprising a housing connectable to the vehicle, a pump affixed to the housing, the intake of the pump communicating with an oil reservoir for the vehicle and the outlet of the pump being adapted for communication with a receptacle for oil removed from the reservoir when the pump is in use and lubricant inputs mounted on the housing for connection to a supply of lubricant, the inputs communicating with the points of the vehicle requiring lubrication for the delivery of lubricant thereto.

Abstract: A detachable timing gear cassette unit for an internal combustion engine. The cassette has side walls separate from the cylinder block of the engine, and the side walls form a housing. The housing contains the camshaft sprocket, the crankshaft sprocket, a timing chain that connects the sprockets, a tensioner to maintain a suitable tension in the timing chain and positioning ribs to position the sprockets within the housing. Engine oil is circulated through the housing, in a generally downwardly direction, to lubricate the sprockets and the chain and to cool the oil. The cooling of the oil is assisted by internal ribs on the inside of the housing and by external ribs on the outside of the housing.

Abstract: A marine installation comprising a marine propulsion device including a propulsion unit having a lower unit supporting a propeller and a powerhead including a two-stroke internal combustion engine having an apparatus for feeding a fuel/oil mixture to the engine and including a fuel/oil mixture pump having an inlet and being operable to create suction at the inlet, a flexible hose releasably connected to and communicating with the inlet of the fuel/oil mixture pump, and a remote tank having an interior providing a fuel reservoir, having a fitting releasably connected to the flexible hose, having a top wall including a first opening which is adapted to afford filling of fuel into the interior of the tank and which is adapted to removably receive a cap covering the first opening, and a second opening spaced from the first opening, and having an oil storing, oil pumping and fuel/oil mixing device located in the tank and including an upper wall closing the second opening and being secured to the top wall of the ta

Abstract: A V-type multicylinder internal combustion engine having a construction that front and rear cylinder blocks are arrayed in V shape longitudinally of a car body, a longitudinal center line of the rear cylinder block is made offset from the longitudinal center line of the front cylinder block, a crankshaft borne rotatably on a crank and transmission case enclosing a speed change gear therein is coupled to an input shaft of the speed change gear through a primary reduction gear and a clutch, the clutch is disposed on one side of the rear cylinder block, front and rear driving sprockets are mounted on an end of the crankshaft coming on the side isolated from the clutch so that the front driving sprocket comes inside the rear driving sprocket, and front and rear timing chains are laid between the front and rear driving sprockets and front and rear driven sprockets fixed on front and rear valve gear cam shafts provided on front and rear cylinder heads, respectively, which cylinder heads are fixed on the front and r

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having an improved cylinder head draining arrangement for accumulating oil that may leak from the cylinder head and its cover in use or which may flow from the cylinder head when the cover is removed for surfacing. The drain trough is inclined and has a drain opening at its lowermost end in which a removable closure plug is positioned.

Abstract: A marine propulsion system is provided with a valve (2) for automatically mixing fuel and oil for a two cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engine. The valve operates on a pressure differential, such as that supplied from the suction intake vacuum side of a fuel pump. Fuel is alternately and cyclicly directed by a transitioning shuttle spool valve (50) through respective transfer passages (34, 38) to opposite sides of a diaphragm (24) to drive the diaphragm in reciprocal movement such that in a first half cycle the diaphragm is driven in one direction and expels fuel from its one side, and in the second half cycle the diaphragm is driven in the other direction and expels fuel from its other side. A plunger (48) operatively couples the diaphragm to the directional shuttle spool valve through spring biased lost motion detent means (52). The directional shuttle spool valve is actuated between its alternate positions near the end of the plunger travel stroke in each direction.

Abstract: A two-stroke diesel or gas fueled multi-cylinder engine utilizes a re-circulating type constant pressure feed lubrication system and is equipped with a supercharger or turbocharger combination connected in series to assist in charging the cylinders with air and also assists in scavenging the exhaust gases. The piston head is domed to assist the flow of the scavenging air in an upward direction toward the inside of the cylinder, and to facilitate the flow of exhaust gases to atmosphere. The scavenging port and exhaust port openings are formed in the same plane through the walls of the cylinder above the bottom dead center position of the piston head. The lower side of the scavenging port opening inclines inwardly and upwardly toward the cylinder wall so that the flow of scavenging air creates a turbulent action as it enters inside the cylinder for efficient scavenging of the exhaust gases.

Abstract: An improved lubricating system for a two-cycle outboard motor having a vertically extending crankshaft. The lubricating system employs a crankshaft driven pump and circulating system that permits pressure lubricating without necessitating elongation of the crankshaft or engine. The engine is enclosed within a cowling and an oil sump is conveniently located within the cowling and is accessible through a cover door of the cowling for replenishment of the oil supply without removal of the cowling.