Abstract: A fuel enhancer device provides a substantially higher miles per gallon gas saving of at least ten (10) miles per gallon for motor vehicles powered by fuel-injected, internal combustion engines. The device pre-heats the fuel, and subjects the fuel to a magnetic field, prior to the fuel's entry into the engine fuel injectors. The device is simple to install within a fuel line system next to an engine's bank of fuel injectors.

Abstract: There is provided an internal-combustion engine that allows plasma to be used safely, efficiently, and in a manner conducive to resource conservation. An internal-combustion engine having an intake valve for opening and closing a combustion chamber, the internal-combustion engine comprising a valve-driving mechanism for driving the intake valve; and a plasma-generating device positioned within a region containing gas used for combustion during a combustion stroke, the plasma-generating device being composed of an antenna and a microwave-generating device, wherein the plasma-generating device composed of the antenna and the microwave-generating device generates plasma at a timing intimately associated with a state of openness of the intake valve in response to the driving of the valve by the valve-driving mechanism.

Abstract: A gasket of an internal combustion engine includes a discharge line installed in an intermediate layer and having an outer end exposed from the outer peripheral edge of the gasket to be a first connection part and an inner end exposed from a inner peripheral edge around the opening to be an electrode, configured such that discharge is generated between electrodes with voltage applied between first connection parts; an antenna installed at least partly in the intermediate layer at the inner peripheral edge around the opening to radiate electromagnetic waves into a combustion chamber; and an electromagnetic wave transmission line installed in the intermediate layer, having an outer end exposed from an outer peripheral edge to be a second connection part and an inner end connected to the antenna, and guiding electromagnetic waves to the antenna.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling an internal combustion engine include an ignition coil that generates a pre-discharge ionization signal during charging of the ignition coil after reaching a first threshold charge level and prior to spark discharge and a controller that determines an engine operating condition, such as pre-ignition or plug fouling, in response to the pre-discharge ionization signal. The ignition coil may also generate digital feedback and ionization signals used to by the controller for to control ignition coil dwell and repetitive sparking, as well as providing various combustion diagnostics.

Abstract: Provided is a plasma apparatus using a valve, which comprises a discharge device with an electrode exposed to the combustion chamber installed in a cylinder head, an antenna installed on the valve face of a valve head, an electromagnetic wave transmission line installed in a valve stem with one end connected to the antenna and the other end covered with an insulator or dielectric and extending to a power-receiving portion positioned at a location fitting into the guide hole in the valve stem, and an electromagnetic wave generator for feeding an electromagnetic waves to the power-receiving portion. At the compression stroke when the combustion chamber side opening of an intake port or an exhaust port is closed with the valve head, discharge is generated with the electrode of the discharge device and the electromagnetic waves fed from the electromagnetic wave generator through the electromagnetic wave transmission line are radiated from the antenna.

Abstract: A method and system for treating a combustible fluid and operating a combustion system, where the combustible fluid is introduced into an electrolysis cell, electrochemically activated in the electrolysis cell, and combusted in a combustion-based engine.

Abstract: An automobile fuel pretreatment device includes an instantaneous constant-temperature heating device including a fuel tube which allows fuel to flow, a heating unit positioned on and heating an outside surface of the fuel tube, and two spring clamp boards enclosing and clamping the heating unit on the fuel tube. Each of the spring clamp boards has a locking hole formed adjacent to a first free end and a locking tab formed adjacent to a second free end. The locking tab of each of the spring clamp boards is received through the locking hole of the other one of the spring clamp boards to engage the first free end of the other one of the spring clamp boards. A magnetization combustion-enhancing device includes two permanent magnets located adjacent to the fuel tube to induce magnetization on the fuel flowing through the fuel tube.

Abstract: Disclosed is an environmentally responsible apparatus and method for increasing fuel economy and increasing engine performance. The apparatus further provides a method for reducing engine emissions and reducing greenhouse gasses. The apparatus attaches to an engine's fuel line and passing the fuel through a compacted copper wire mesh housed within. The compacted wire mesh is thought to increase the fuel's vapor pressure which reduces fuel consumption and increases engine performance.

Abstract: A device for magnetic treatment of a fluid flow preferably comprises a spirally-shaped conduit having spiral turns with a null step therebetween, and a cross-section for passing the flow therethrough, inner magnets internally circumferentially surrounding the turns coupled to the conduit, outer magnets externally circumferentially surrounding the turn. Each inner magnet is situated opposite to a respective counterpart outer magnet, so that the North (or South) pole of the inner magnet faces the South (or North) pole of the counterpart magnet. The magnets can be made of specific sizes, materials, covered by magnetic yokes. In a multi-layer embodiment, the device comprises a steel tube enclosed into and supporting an inner cylindrical magnet, a spirally-shaped conduit consisting of a number of layers, and rows of outer magnets consisting of magnets circumferentially surrounding predeterminedly chosen layers, and having magnetic fluxes uniformly directed either from or to the center of the cylindrical magnet.

Abstract: A fuel economizer includes a housing, at least two magnetic members having sides of the same polarity facing each other, and at least one covering member. The housing forms a primary receiving compartment and has at least one end forming an opening. The two magnetic members are positioned closed to each other with the sides thereof having the same polarity facing each other and are deposited in the primary receiving compartment. The open end of the housing is closed by the covering member to thereby form the economizer. The covering member forms apertures to allow liquid to flow through the primary receiving compartment. The housing may further forms secondary receiving compartments on opposite sides of the primary receiving compartments for receiving therein far infrared particles. When liquid flows through the housing, the liquid is acted upon by both the magnetic members and the far infrared particles.

Abstract: An engine fuel economizer device connected or connectable to establish an electrical path between an electrical system of an engine, preferably a d.c. battery and a starter motor or a charging alternator of an engine, preferably an internal combustion engine. The device, in one aspect thereof, includes a coil of conductive hollow tubing having a plurality of complete turns or loops formed therealong, is positionable over and around a section of fuel line which extends from a fuel tank to the engine. In another aspect of this disclosure, the coil device is prepositioned over and along a length of nonconductive tubing which is spliceable into the fuel line after a section of fuel line is sectioned and removed. Various additional aspects position the device in close proximity to the flow of fuel from the fuel tank to the engine.

Abstract: Provided is a plasma apparatus using a cylinder head, which comprises a discharge device installed with an electrode exposed to the combustion chamber and installed in the cylinder head, an antenna installed to protrude from the cylinder head into the combustion chamber, a bulging portion bulging from the cylinder head to the combustion chamber so as to cover the antenna, made from insulator or dielectric, an electromagnetic wave transmission line installed in the cylinder head and with one end connected to the antenna and the other end, covered with insulator or dielectric, penetrating the cylinder head to extend to an outer wall of the cylinder head, and an electromagnetic wave generator for feeding electromagnetic waves to the electromagnetic wave transmission line.

Abstract: A system for use with a combustion engine having an air intake, sensors and an engine control module, comprising a hydrogen cell capable of turning water into hydrogen and oxygen gases and a controller electrically connected to the sensors, the engine control module and the hydrogen cell, wherein the controller is programmed to ratiometrically skew one or more signal inputs to the engine control module to control the engine in response to predetermined signal levels, wherein the controller is programmed to activate the hydrogen cell in response to predetermined signal levels, wherein the hydrogen cell is fluidly connected to the engine through the air intake, and wherein the controller is programmed to cause the engine control module to reduce the rate of fuel flow to the engine and to activate the hydrogen cell simultaneously.

Abstract: The present invention discloses Aa vehicle oil-way catalytic fuel economizer which includes a catalyzing device, a heating box enveloping the catalyzing device, electric heating temperature controlling parts, return oil amount regulating parts and a return pipeline for economizing fuel oil. The catalyzing device includes a metal box, catalyzing stack sealed in the metal box, inlet and outlet joint communicating with the gaps of the catalyzing stack. The oil inlet is connected with the outlet of the pumping oil pipe, and the oil outlet is connected with main flown pipeline of the engine. The return pipeline for economizing fuel oil is connected between the inlet of the catalyzing device and original return pipeline of the vehicle engine. The present invention heats a catalytic stack using by the electricity of a vehicle storage battery.

Abstract: A system and method to inject nanostructures into the fuel/oxidizer mixture, typically lean mixtures, to increase efficiency of internal combustion and/or decrease pollution. An electromagnetic pulse (suitably 1 to 100 GHz) couples energy to the nanostructures to produce a volumetric combustion of the fuel oxidizer mixture. The fuel/oxidizer mixture is substantially transparent to the band of the electromagnetic pulse. The nanostructures couple to the electromagnetic radiation, absorb the energy and heat rapidly producing many local ignitions that in turn produce volume combustion. The nanostructures may be filled or partially filled with energetic material.

Abstract: Stable and highly efficient combustion/reaction is provided, even when fuel ratio of mixture is decreased and combustion/reaction of the lean mixture is performed in a heat engine such as a reciprocating engine, by controlling dielectric constant of mixture in a combustion/reaction chamber by introducing water and/or exhaust gas into the combustion/reaction chamber. A microwave radiation antenna for irradiation of the combustion/reaction chamber, and a discharge unit for igniting the mixture in the combustion/reaction chamber are provided. The dielectric constant of the mixture before the combustion/reaction of the mixture is controlled so that the resonance frequency of the mixture corresponds to the frequency of the microwave.

Abstract: Stable and highly efficient combustion/reaction is provided, even when fuel ratio of mixture is decreased and combustion/reaction of the lean mixture is performed in a heat engine such as a reciprocating engine, for controlling dielectric constant of mixture in a combustion/reaction chamber 8 by introducing water and/or exhaust gas into the combustion/reaction chamber, by introducing water and/or exhaust gas into the combustion/reaction chamber. A microwave radiation antenna for irradiation of the combustion/reaction chamber, and a discharge unit for igniting the mixture in the combustion/reaction chamber are provided. The dielectric constant of the mixture before the combustion/reaction of the mixture is controlled so that the resonance frequency of the mixture corresponds to the frequency of the microwave.

Abstract: The invention provides an oxygen activating material, which includes as a major constituent an iron-semiconductor alloy containing iron and semiconductor components. A combustion efficiency improving material, a plant growth promoting material, an aerobic microorganism activating material, an animal growth promoting and activating material, a muscle softening material, and a rust removing and preventing material are also provided. In addition an oxygen activating method is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for reforming air in an internal combustion engine comprising: power-generated means for generating electrical currents that oscillates at radio frequency and conducting medium being in communication thereof, said means for generating electrical currents that oscillates at radio frequency includes radio frequency generating unit being in communication with a voltage multiplier, said means for generating electrical current that oscillates at radio frequency being arranged such that it is confined in a low temperature surrounding than the outside temperature, and said conductive medium having an air reforming zone with a plurality of conductive elements disposed thereof, said conductive elements being arranged in a manner wherein they are capable of introducing substantial electromagnetic radiation to the air within the air reforming zone to facilitate production of nitrous oxide for introduction to the air/fuel mixture of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: In one example, a valve seat insert for a cylinder head seat pocket of an internal combustion engine is described. The valve seat insert comprises an annular body comprising a first material and including an inner surface, an outer surface opposite the inner surface, a front surface adjoining the inner and outer surfaces, and a back surface opposite the front surface adjoining the inner and outer surfaces. The front surface includes an inner circumference greater than an inner circumference of the back surface. The back surface includes a first recession inlaid with a sacrificial anode comprising a second material different from the first material and having an exposed surface. In this manner, it may be possible to substantially prevent corrosion of the cylinder head seat pocket. Further, various approaches for reducing corrosion of the cylinder head seat pocket are described.

Abstract: A fuel activation catalyzer for an energy saver of an internal combustion engine is provided, which including nanometer negative ions and far infrared materials, and carrier of the nanometer negative ions material selecting from the following material's: cordierite ceramic material and/or limestone, wherein the weight of the nanometer negative ions and far infrared materials to the total weight of the nanometer negative ions and far infrared materials and the carrier is 5 wt %-30 wt %. And a manufacture method of the catalyzer for an energy saver of an internal combustion engine and an energy saver of an internal combustion engine using the catalyzer are also provided. By using the energy saver, the oil circuits and gas circuits are improved, the combustion is promoted and the heat value of the fuel is enhanced.

Abstract: It is suppressed that nanoparticles generated in an internal combustion engine are discharged into the atmosphere. In a cylinder or an exhaust system of the internal combustion engine, microparticles having a particle diameter larger than that of the nanoparticles are generated, and the nanoparticles generated in the internal combustion engine are adsorbed by the microparticles, thereby increasing the diameter of the nanoparticles. The microparticles can be generated in the cylinder as the soot, for example. Additionally, by providing a carbon microparticle generation device in the exhaust system, the microparticles can be generated, too. By making the nanoparticles adsorbed by the microparticles and increasing the diameter of the nanoparticles, discharging of the nanoparticles can be suppressed.

Abstract: A magnetic flux enhanced metal fuel combustion system and method for producing energy. The energy may be used to drive a water vessel such as a submarine. The system and method includes a ring-shaped coil of an electromagnet surrounding a combustion chamber. The electromagnet produces a magnetic flux within the combustion chamber that limits contact between charged combustion particles and the sidewalls of the chamber, thereby enhancing the combustion of metallic fuels.

Abstract: A method of for treating a hydrocarbon fuel comprises applying a plurality of shock waves to the fuel at a frequency and intensity such as to increase the combustion efficiency of the fuel. An apparatus for treating a hydrocarbon fuel comprises a fuel treatment chamber; an inlet for introducing a hydrocarbon fuel to be treated into the treatment chamber; an outlet for removing a treated hydrocarbon fuel from the treatment chamber; and a means for imparting a plurality of shock waves to fuel within the treatment chamber at a frequency and intensity such as to increase the combustion efficiency of the fuel. The apparatus is particularly suitable for installation in the fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion system and a water injection nozzle to position a water mist within an internal chamber of an internal combustion engine. In one form, the apical cone of the injection is altered with respect to the position of the piston within the interior chamber. In another form, the air fuel mixture is charged at an opposing charge to the water mist to create a water droplet gaseous fuel mixture for combustion within the anterior chamber.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to systems and method for converting ozone and fuel into mechanical energy and waste products. In some embodiments, a super-combustor may be used to provide a combustion engine with an improved ability to combust fuel. Certain embodiments of the invention may provide for an improved spark plug or modified engine having a super-combustor built in.

Abstract: A multiple discharge plasma apparatus is provided with a plurality of discharge devices, each with an electrode exposed to the combustion chamber and installed in at least one of members constituting the combustion chamber; an antenna installed in at least one of the members constituting the combustion chamber so as to radiate electromagnetic waves to the combustion chamber; an electromagnetic wave transmission line installed in at least one of the members constituting the combustion chamber, with one end connected to the antenna and the other end covered with an insulator or dielectric and extending to a portion, of at least one of the members constituting the combustion chamber, distant from the combustion chamber; and an electromagnetic wave generator for feeding electromagnetic waves into the electromagnetic wave transmission line; wherein the multiple discharge plasma apparatus is configured such that discharge is generated by the electrodes of a plurality of discharge devices and the electromagnetic wav

Abstract: An internal combustion system and a water injection nozzle to position a water mist within an internal chamber of an internal combustion engine. In one form, the apical cone of the injection is altered with respect to the position of the piston within the interior chamber. In another form, the air fuel mixture is charged at an opposing charge to the water mist to create a water droplet gaseous fuel mixture for combustion within the anterior chamber.

Abstract: A device for reforming gas vapors of an internal combustion engine comprising a voltage multiplier unit, a gas vapor treatment means and a gas vapor reforming means disposed within the gas vapor treatment means and in communication with said voltage multiplier unit, said gas vapor treatment means having a treatment chamber in communication with a gas vapor intake port and gas vapor discharge port, gas vapor intake port being capable of communicating with air passages of the internal combustion engine and said gas vapor discharge port being capable of communicating with said air induction system, said gas vapor reforming means is preferably an electronic emitter disposed within the treatment chamber being capable of introducing electrons for dissociating ions of gas vapor being introduced therein, characterized in that a current regulating means being in communication with said voltage multiplier unit and gas vapor reforming means, said current regulating means is being made such that it is capable of automati

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods related to an internal combustion engine are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the apparatuses and methods include modifying a conventional internal combustion engine to enhance an operating efficiency. In other embodiments, an internal combustion engine of enhanced operating efficiency is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides an injector-ignition fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, comprising an ECU controlling a heated catalyzed fuel injector for heating and catalyzing a next fuel charge, wherein the ECU uses a one firing cycle look-ahead algorithm for controlling fuel injection. The ECU may further incorporate a look-up table, auto-tuning functions and heuristics to compensate for the rapid rotational de-acceleration that occurs near top dead center in lightweight small ultra-high compression engines as may be used with this invention. The ECU may further ramp heat input to the injector in response to engine acceleration requests and, under such circumstances, may extend its look-ahead for up to four firing cycles.

Abstract: The invention provides a practical diesel engine that uses plasma formed by microwave emissions. In a compression-ignition internal combustion engine, fuel is sprayed by an injector in the combustion chamber in which compressed oxidizing gas is present, and the fuel is compressed and ignited. The engine has one antenna or a plurality of antennas in the combustion chamber, and when the oxidizing gas or moisture and charged particles are present in the combustion chamber, an electromagnetic wave is emitted using the antenna in a space in which the oxidizing gas and the charged particles are present, and plasma is generated in the space by the energy fed to the charged particles.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of fuel conversion for engine substantially provide a controller to receive either a signal for actuating the injection fuel nozzle to supply fuel or a signal of a central controller so as to actuate a high voltage generator. The high voltage generator generates a high voltage to boost a high power component of an energy converter. The high power component generates a high energy to ionize the passing fuel mixture into hydrogen and C1˜C4 hydrocarbon combustible gas mixture and feeds into engine chamber to achieve the effect of saving fuel by reducing fuel loss and enhancing engine power.

Abstract: There is provided an internal-combustion engine that allows plasma to be used safely, efficiently, and in a manner conducive to resource conservation. An internal-combustion engine having an intake valve for opening and closing a combustion chamber, the internal-combustion engine comprising a valve-driving mechanism for driving the intake valve; and a plasma-generating device positioned within a region containing gas used for combustion during a combustion stroke, the plasma-generating device being composed of an antenna and a microwave-generating device, wherein the plasma-generating device composed of the antenna and the microwave-generating device generates plasma at a timing intimately associated with a state of openness of the intake valve in response to the driving of the valve by the valve-driving mechanism.

Abstract: There is provided a far infrared radiator capable of highly activating methane gas prior to combustion to thereby attain an enhancement of thermal efficiency at combustion. In a passage of methane gas prior to combustion, there is positioned absorbent material (58) produced by mixing at least carbon with tourmaline as an absorption material of absorptivity higher than that of the material of the methane gas passage. Energy-absorbing coating (59) is applied to an fixed on the external surface of the absorbent material, and on a circumferential surface of the energy-absorbing coating there are positioned magnet (54) and far infrared radiator (57) produced by mixing tourmaline with at least iron powder and carbon.

Abstract: The invention provides for a system and method for creating an optimized fuel/air mixture for more efficient combustion. The system in accordance with the invention includes an ozone generator and a gasifier that receives liquid fuel and ozone and creates an optimized fuel of mixture. The optimized fuel/air mixture is then delivered to the cylinders of a combustion engine.

Abstract: A turn-key method of providing a typical gasoline internal combustion engine with a hybrid fuel that is combustible is accomplished with a modified spark plug. The spark plug design is relative to the use of the internal combustion engine and has the capacity to support traditional gasoline consumption in the absence of a hybrid fuel. Both liquid and gaseous hybrid fuels such as natural gas, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrogen, butane, propane, ethanol, etc. can be supported by the spark plug. In addition the design supports the spontaneous electrolysis of water followed by the instantaneous combustion of the electrolysis products Hydrogen & Oxygen back to water. This design accommodates the more modern engine designs which conceal the placement of spark plugs into the head of the engine, rather than previous designs with side arms that inhibit installation.

Abstract: Particularly comprising a voltage oscillator (1) and triplicator (2) system, to be installed in a internal combustion engine (M) or similar, thus dispensing with the existing distributors and similar devices (not represented), which enables, through low or high voltage, the formation of a continuous electric arc inside the combustion chamber (3) that receives the mixture of air, additive water in the combustion, thus enabling the ozonization of the emulsion which, during the optimal compression breaks out the dielectric resistance, generating the discharge arc using a specific continuous ignition spark plug (V) activated by the fourth state of matter, i.e., plasma.

Abstract: A method and an equipment for reducing emission and fuel consumption in order to improve combustion in internal combustion engines, whereas, in order to achieve perfect combustion, prior to its entry into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the mixture of fuel and air is led through a treatment area characterized by specific physical properties, so as to provide, by applying high voltage, the air stream a charge of first polarity and the fuel stream a charge of opposite polarity and simultaneously vibrating at least one of the air and the fuel stream by a frequency in the ultrasonic range, in given cases in several, succA method and an equipment for reducing emission and fuel consumption in order to improve combustion in internal combustion engines, whereas, in order to achieve perfect combustion, prior to its entry into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the mixture of fuel and air is led through a treatment area characterized by specific physical properties, so a

Abstract: A method for providing fuel for vehicle or power plant engines, including disassociating water into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis and catalysing the reformation of water vapor by spark catalysis is disclosed. The apparatus according to the invention incorporates utilization of a steam turbine and solar panels to provide additional electrical energy for electrolysis of the water fuel.

Abstract: A plasma reformer includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an insulating member, an atomizing device and a power supply. A discharge gap is defined between the first electrode and the second electrode. The insulating member is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode to insulating the first electrode and the second electrode, and a vortex gas flow route is formed between the insulating member and the first electrode, the second electrode. The second electrode penetrates the insulating member. The atomizing device is arranged on the first electrode and/or the second electrode. The power supply is connected with the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: Stable and highly efficient combustion/reaction is provided, even when fuel ratio of mixture is decreased and combustion/reaction of the lean mixture is performed in a heat engine such as a reciprocating engine, by controlling dielectric constant of mixture in a combustion/reaction chamber by introducing water and/or exhaust gas into the combustion/reaction chamber. A microwave radiation antenna for irradiation of the combustion/reaction chamber, and a discharge unit for igniting the mixture in the combustion/reaction chamber are provided. The dielectric constant of the mixture before the combustion/reaction of the mixture is controlled so that the resonance frequency of the mixture corresponds to the frequency of the microwave.

Abstract: An auxiliary-gas supplying apparatus A for combustion engine B according to the invention includes: an ozone generator 3; an auxiliary gas generator 8 for generating an auxiliary gas containing ionized oxygen; and an intake auxiliary-gas supply path 4 for supplying the auxiliary gas to an intake member (intake manifold) 1, the ozone generator, auxiliary gas generator and intake auxiliary-gas supply path disposed externally of the intake member (intake manifold) 1 communicated with a combustion chamber. Thus, the combustion engine may be increased in combustion efficiency.

Abstract: A water fueled engine, which purifies, heats and cracks water into its constituent elements in gaseous form, stores the hydrogen and oxygen separately under pressure, feeds the hydrogen to a combustion engine where it is reacted in the presence of atmospheric air, transferring the heat generated from the reaction to a water heater and torque energy to a drive shaft; an after burner that further reacts the exhaust process of the combustion engine in the presence of more atmospheric air and oxygen from the cracking process, and a turbine that drives a battery connected alternator for powering a control unit for the system, which controls all system components to ensure on demand operation.

Abstract: An engine system comprising an electrolysis apparatus interconnected to an internal combustion engine. The electrolysis apparatus cleaves water into a mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is input into, and fuels, the internal combustion engine. A vehicle comprising the engine system.

Abstract: A light, compact and low-cost liquid fuel reformer for removing the harmful substances within the exhaust gas discharged from vehicles having two magnet holding cases (3, 3?) accommodating respectively anisotropic metallic materials (7, 7?). The magnet holding cases (3?) and (3) are magnetically secured each other at respective commissure (3a, 3a?), pinching connecting tube (24) made of nonmagnetic material through which the liquid fuel flows. The magnetic fields generated by the anisotropic magnetic materials (7) and (7?) are orthogonal to the connecting tube. The connecting tube has an outer tube (24A) made of nonferrous metal and an inner tube (24B) made of nonferrous metal. These two types of nonferrous metal are selected so as to generate an electric potential difference between the outer tube (24A) and the inner body tube (24B).

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, a mixture of conventional gasoline and hydrogen-containing additive, such as ethanol, destined for use as a fuel for an ICE, is processed through a fuel generator interposed between a source of the fuel mixture and an internal combustion engine (ICE). Within the fuel generator, the mixture is subjected to electrolysis and then fed to the ICE, one objective being to more efficiently power the ICE, with a fuel mixture having a minimum, and preferably no gasoline in the mixture. A method and apparatus is disclosed.

Abstract: Magnetic device (1) for treating liquids and gaseous materials, comprising a housing (2) within which permanent magnets (6) are arranged defining a flow path (3). The housing (2) is made of magnetizable material, preferably soft iron, the flow path (3) consists of at least one magnetic pretreating unit (4) and at least one magnetic aftertreating unit (5) in which the permanent magnets (6) are arranged at the boundary of the flow path (3) in such a manner that the north (N) pole or the south (S) pole of the permanent magnets (6) faces the flow path (3). In the magnetic pretreating unit (4) the permanent magnets are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the flow direction (10) with alternating polarity, while the permanent magnets (6) are arranged with the same polarity in the magnetic aftertreating unit (5).

Abstract: When fuel passing through a fuel supply line and intake air passing through an air intake line are magnetically treated, magnetic reactions of the fuel and intake air are enhanced, and efficiency of the magnetic treatment is enhanced. A magnetic treatment apparatus for an engine which is provided in a fuel supply line and an air intake line of an engine, and performs magnetic treatment for fuel and intake air includes a magnet pair constituted of a pair of magnets opposed to each other with a pipe (the aforesaid fuel supply line and air intake line), and generating magnetic flux in a direction perpendicular to flows of the fuel and the intake air, and a casing covering the magnet pair, and has the constitution in which the casing accommodates a plurality of magnet pairs, and the magnet pairs are disposed along the pipe at predetermined spaces.

Abstract: A fuel system for improved fuel efficiency may include a fuel injector to transmit fuel in droplet form to a reaction region. A reaction rod may be positioned in the reaction region, where the reaction rod may have a convex end and a concave end. The fuel system may be used with engines such as gasoline engines, turbine engines, diesel engines, and steam engines.