Abstract: A method and an apparatus of fuel conversion for engine substantially provide a controller to receive either a signal for actuating the injection fuel nozzle to supply fuel or a signal of a central controller so as to actuate a high voltage generator. The high voltage generator generates a high voltage to boost a high power component of an energy converter. The high power component generates a high energy to ionize the passing fuel mixture into hydrogen and C1˜C4 hydrocarbon combustible gas mixture and feeds into engine chamber to achieve the effect of saving fuel by reducing fuel loss and enhancing engine power.

Abstract: A protection and operation system and method is provided for a high voltage power supply of an electrostatic precipitator by protecting the power supply from overload when current demand becomes too high, including due to electrode contamination, including during arcing conduction, including plasma conduction.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments of proposed hydrogen-oxygen and hydrogen-air engines are usable in automotive, power-producing, and other industries. The engines comprise cylinders; water dissociation units, including thermo-impact transformers and possibly electrolyzers; ionic dividers separating hydrogen and oxygen ions; injection chambers configured to inject hydrogen and oxygen/air doses in response to an operator's action and according to proposed dosing methods accounting a hydrogen-oxygen optimal ratio suitable for an explosive plasma reaction in the cylinders, increasing engines torque, eliminating/reducing pollutions. Determination of optimal ratios for hydrogen-air mixtures is also discussed. The dosing methods include algorithms for computing termination injection pressures for hydrogen-oxygen /air doses. Different hydrogen-oxygen/air delivery system are described in conjunction with modified dosing methods.

Abstract: An auxiliary-gas supplying apparatus A for combustion engine B according to the invention includes: an ozone generator 3; an auxiliary gas generator 8 for generating an auxiliary gas containing ionized oxygen; and an intake auxiliary-gas supply path 4 for supplying the auxiliary gas to an intake member (intake manifold) 1, the ozone generator, auxiliary gas generator and intake auxiliary-gas supply path disposed externally of the intake member (intake manifold) 1 communicated with a combustion chamber. Thus, the combustion engine may be increased in combustion efficiency.

Abstract: An ignition system of an internal combustion engine, of a motor vehicle in particular, having at least one device for igniting a jet of a fuel/air mixture which has a chamber enclosing a process space in which the ignition of the fuel/air mixture takes place. The chamber has a device for enriching the process space with oxygen radicals.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided that basically comprises a combustion chamber, an electric discharge unit and a controller. The combustion chamber receives a mixture of fuel and air that is caused to undergo compression self ignition. The electric discharge unit is provided inside the combustion chamber to generate an electric discharge for conducting combustion inside the combustion chamber. The controller is configured to control a voltage applied to the electric discharge unit. The controller is configured to control the electric discharge unit such that a non-thermal plasma can be formed without incurring a transition to arc discharging, and to control the quantity and distribution of an activated air-fuel mixture inside the combustion chamber in accordance with an operating condition of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The fossil fuel supplied into the engine and combustion device passes through the fuel-enhancing unit of the enhancing device of the present invention with the burned object generating far-infrared radiation and negative ion. Therefore, it can be attained complete combustion; it can improve fuel consumption; and emission gas including nitrogen oxide, particulate, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide and black smoke can be reduced.

Abstract: Apparatus for magnetically conditioning incoming air and fuel to an internal combustion engine to improve engine operation. Magnets are applied in a bipolar arrangement to the fuel system and air intake apparatus of an internal combustion engine system for reducing emissions and improving fuel efficiency. Magnets may also be applied in a bipolar arrangement to the exhaust system and catalytic converter of an internal combustion system of automotive type for reducing exhaust emissions and improving the performance of a catalytic converter. Furthermore, a combination of magnetizing apparatus that, in conjunction with air and fuel magnetizing apparatus, will improve engine efficiency by introducing a magnetic charge to engine exhaust, coolant water, engine oil, transmission fluid, and gear box fluid, in combination with the above embodiment.

Abstract: A device and method designed to use mini electrical storms to produce nitrogen oxide from air in an intake system to be mixed with a combustible fluid in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The device is designed to treat the air to produce nitrogen oxide to be mixed to the combustible fluid in an internal combustion system in order to enhance the efficiency of internal combustion. The device through the reactor generates mini electrical storm to produce nitrogen oxide from air to mix with the combustible fluid in the combustion chamber to enhance the efficiency of an internal combustion engine and further reduce exhaust emissions. The device is housed in a casing having an electrical wire that is designed to carry the mini electrical storm charges to a ring assembly to disassociate nitrogen and oxygen from air and produce nitrogen oxide in an air intake rubber hose in a vehicle's air intake system to mix with a liquid combustible fluid prior to combustion.

Abstract: A hydrogen fuel system for an internal combustion engine includes an electrolyzer for generating hydrogen and oxygen gases. The engine exhaust may be recycled through the electrolyer where it is converted to hydrogen and oxygen. A water reservoir in fluid communication with the electrolyzer maintains the water level in the elctrolyzer. The hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrolyzer may be routed to the internal combustion engine and provide the fuel for the engine. Hydrogen and oxygen not consumed by operation of the engine is stored in separate pressurized storage tanks. Expanders lower the pressure of pressurized hydrogen and oxygen for use to power the engine and provide electric power to the electrolyzer.

Abstract: In the field of transformation of material there is a device for producing a plasma, a method for ionizing material using the device, uses of the inventive method and production processes using the device. The device includes a resonant chamber, an acoustic chamber provided with an acoustic device and a soliton chamber for receiving the treated material coming from the resonant chamber while simultaneously generating a recycling of outside air. The soliton chamber defines, with a pulsating suction member adjacent to the output of the soliton chamber, a space producing ionized material.

Abstract: A fuel injection assembly comprising a main structure (101) for mounting on an internal combustion engine, the main structure having one or more orifices (115) for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and the main structure also having mounted thereon charge electrodes (105, 118) positioned to provide an electric field which passes through the flow of fuel, for charging fuel particles to improve atomisation. The main structure also has mounted thereon a spark electrode (104) adapted to provide a fuel ignition spark for the internal combustion engine. The main structure of the assembly is adapted for removable mounting, having a threaded portion (102) adapted to co-operate with a threaded aperture in the internal combustion engine, normally adapted to receive a convention spark plug.

Abstract: Disclosed is a filter screen and the apparatus for aiding vehicle fuel combustion and purifying exhaust gas using said filter screen which has a metallic screen body treated in a treatment tank containing a discharge electrode plate and a receiving electrode plate both formed of mineral plate so as to have a memorized wave of wave length ranging 5 ?m˜20 ?m. When placed in various environments, the filter screen is able to negatively ionize the ions in the air passing therethrough by releasing an energy wave motion so as to recover the air into its original pure state thereby improving the quality of the air and enhance the human health.

Abstract: An electrostatic precipitator has a collector electrode collecting particulate ionized in an electric field created by a high voltage corona discharge electrode pulse energized by a pulsed high voltage power supply. The corona discharge electrode is pulsed between a baseline voltage and a peak pulse voltage.

Abstract: Pistons reciprocating in cylinders of a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine tend to trap air and unburned fuel between the top of the piston head and its enclosing cylinder wall. The circumferential side surface (or land) of the piston head above its upper piston ring groove is provided with a thin coating of porous aluminum oxide. Particles of an oxidation catalyst for the engine's fuel are electrolytically deposited in the pores of the oxide coating. During engine operation the oxide-supported catalyst particles promote combustion of the entrained fuel.

Abstract: A combustion enhancement device for internal combustion engines using alpha and/or beta particles to add ions to air intake thereby facilitating complete combustion. There is a base material with holes. Tabs form the walls of the holes or channels. On the base material and tabs there is a substance emitting alpha and/or beta particles. The substance also includes a bonding matrix material. The holes are configured to enhance exposure to high densities of alpha and/or beta particles. Engine performance purity and power may be significantly increased despite a possible impact of the device on air flux into the air intake.

Abstract: A fuel conditioning device for increasing fuel burning efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions. The device includes a hollow housing. The housing in turn includes: i) a first end for receiving a combustible liquid fuel supply and supplying it to an intermediate portion of the housing; ii) an intermediate portion having an eddy chamber for receiving fuel from the first end and creating turbulence and mixing within the fuel, where the eddy chamber is designed for receiving at least one flow diverter for diverting at least a portion of the flow from the first end in a direction at an angle of from about 30 to about 90 degrees to an original direction of flow from the first end; and iii) a second end for receiving a compound venturi for accepting fuel from the intermediate portion.

Abstract: A system and method for conditioning and/or vaporizing fuel within an intermittent combustion engine in order to effectuate more complete combustion is provided. In one embodiment of the invention, a fuel conditioning system for conditioning fuel within a combustion chamber of an intermittent internal combustion engine can comprise a fuel conditioning cavity defined by walls, wherein at least a portion of said walls include a reflective inner surface; an electromagnetic energy source operable for emitting electromagnetic energy within the fuel conditioning cavity, wherein the electromagnetic energy source is configured to emit and reflect the electromagnetic energy from the reflective inner surface, thereby providing focused electromagnetic energy; a discrete region disposed within the fuel conditioning cavity for receiving the focused electromagnetic energy; and a fuel injector having a dispensing end being oriented for dispensing a fuel spray with a trajectory through the focused electromagnetic energy.

Abstract: Apparatuses, devices, systems and methods employing a material or combination of materials capable of emitting both far infared radiation and negative ions are provided. The material at least include a first part of, for example, a bio-ceramic, and a second part that includes an additional oxide material. The material can be used in a variety of different applications including, for example, internal engine combustion, natural gas combustion, water purification or the like.

Abstract: A device for reforming gas vapors of an internal combustion engine having an air induction system, a combustion chamber, and positive crankcase and fuel tank associated therewith, the device comprising a voltage multiplier unit, a gas vapor treatment means and a gas vapor reforming means disposed within the gas vapor treatment means and in communication with said voltage multiplier unit, characterized in that said gas vapor treatment means having a treatment chamber in communication with a gas vapor intake port and gas vapor discharge port, gas vapor intake port being capable of communicating with said positive crankcase and fuel tank and said gas vapor discharge port being capable of communicating with said air induction system, said gas vapor reforming means is an electronic emitter disposed within the treatment chamber defining therein a first chamber section and a second chamber section each having predetermined volumetric area suitable of providing ample space for complete and effective dissociation of g

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine electrostatic crankcase ventilation system, an EDC, electrostatic droplet collector, assembly includes a replaceable electrode assembly.

Abstract: A homogenous charge compression ignition barrel engine includes an engine housing with a first and second end. An elongated power shaft is longitudinally disposed in the engine housing and defines a longitudinal axis of the engine. A plurality of cylinders surround the longitudinal axis with each cylinder having a closed end and an open end. Each cylinder has a central axis. The open ends of the cylinders are each generally directed toward the first end of the housing. An intake system is operable to introduce a combustible mixture of air and fuel into each of the cylinders. A track is disposed between the first end of the housing and the open ends of the cylinders such that a portion of the track is disposed generally in alignment with the central axis of each of the cylinders. The track has a cam surface that longitudinally undulates with respect to the open ends of the cylinders. A portion of the cam surface is disposed generally in alignment with the central axis of each of the cylinders.

Abstract: A vehicle traveling through an environmental media such as air experiences drag. The drag is actively modulated by energy beams which may either increase or decrease the drag. The energy beams may provide either a chemical, acoustic or electromagnetic energy at a transition region between turbulent and laminar flows or at the leading edge of a laminar flow or in the direction of a crosswind in order to facilitate the respective increase or decrease in drag. If the vehicle is a sailing ship, areas of the sails are selectively roughened or widened to enhance the thrust derived from the wind. Furthermore, the keel or hull of the sailing ship may be modified to improve the hydrodynamic characteristics of the sailing ship. If the vehicle is an automobile, the tires or road surface may be selectively heated to improve the traction of the automobile.

Abstract: The present invention includes an engine diagnostic method and routine, wherein a method of using an ionization signal to perform an engine diagnostic routine includes the steps of detecting the ionization signal; integrating the ionization signal over a first sampling window to generate a first integration ionization value; detecting a peak of the ionization signal over said first sampling window to generate a first peak ionization value; integrating the ionization over a second sampling window to generate a second integration ionization value; detecting a peak of the ionization signal over a second sampling window to generate a second peak ionization value; and diagnosing the engine using said ionization signal.

Abstract: A fuel saving device including a support which mounts a plurality of magnets in opposed polarities is provided in a number of embodiments which enables the device to be interposed in the fuel system of combustion engines with resulting fuel savings and a reduction in emissions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for increasing combustion efficiency in internal combustion engines and external combustors resulting in increased fuel economy and reduced exhaust pollutants. The same principles and apparatus of the invention are used in the exhaust stream to further reduce pollutants.

Abstract: Magnetic conditioning of fluids and gases flowing through a conduit or other containment vessel to achieve essentially uniform characteristics of said fluids and gases for the purposes of improved operation efficiency and performance quality of mechanisms and systems dependent on these liquids and gases. Specifically, the invention pertains to a combined application of advanced techniques including 1) use of magnets, preferably high flux density stabilized anisotropic magnets, 2) non-uniform flux density pairing, 3) magnetic field focused on an air gap using advanced insulative shielding and parallel alignment control, 4) incremental conditioning and 5) modular design.

Abstract: A magnetizer has a pair of magnetism exciters, a magnetism emitting block, a pair of magnets, and a hollow casing. The magnetism emitting block is disposed between the magnetism exciters. Each magnet is disposed between the magnetism emitting block and the corresponding magnetism exciter. The magnetism exciters is made of a high magnetic permeable material. The magnetism emitting block is made of a super magnetic permeable material. Each magnet is made of a permanent magnetic element. The hollow casing is made of a non-magnetic material.

Abstract: A system for converting motor fuel, comprising an air intake system, an injector nozzle, a heater, and a catalyst. The injector nozzle injects motor fuel into the air intake to produce an air-fuel mixture. The heater vaporizes the air-fuel mixture, and the catalyst causes hydrogen to be removed from the motor fuel molecules so as to produce a gaseous mixture of air, motor fuel, and free hydrogen suitable for combustion in an internal combustion engine. The system works with a wide variety of motor fuels, and provides greater fuel efficiency and lower emissions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alternatively using magnetic or electric field devices to enhance combustion. More particularly, the present invention relates to alternatively using magnetic or electric field devices to enhance combustion and treat the corresponding products of combustion to increase fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust pollutants.

Abstract: A system and method for conditioning and/or vaporizing fuel within an internal combustion engine in order to effectuate more complete combustion is provided. In one embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a combustion chamber; a fuel conditioning cavity defined by walls fluidly connected to the combustion chamber; a fuel injector system for ejecting a fuel spray through the fuel conditioning cavity; and an electromagnetic wave source electromagnetically configured for introducing electromagnetic waves into the fuel conditioning cavity and into the fuel spray to effectuate volumetric heating of a droplet of the fuel spray once ejected from the fuel injector.

Abstract: A system is shown, which when attached to an internal combustion engine, will charge the air/fuel mixture or fuel mixture and oppositely charge the spark plug such that the air/fuel mixture or fuel mixture will be attracted to the opposite charge of the spark plug in the combustion chamber resulting in fewer exhaust emissions.

Abstract: A fuel catalyst for improving combustion efficiency is provided that includes at least one hydride producing element, and at least one element of greater activity on the electrolytic scale than the hydride producing element and at least one element of lesser activity on the electrolytic scale than the hydride producing element. The hydride producing element preferably includes an element from at least one of a Group IV and Group V of the periodic table. The element of greater activity and the element of lesser activity preferably includes at least one of zinc, magnesium, aluminum, palladium, silver, copper and cerium. Preferred formulations of the catalyst element include: a) 20-60% wt antimony, 10-30% wt tin, 10-80% wt zinc and 1-5% wt silver; b) 40% wt antimony, 18 % wt tin, 40% wt zinc and 2% wt silver; c) 20-60% wt antimony, 10-30% wt tin, 20-80 % wt magnesium, 1-8% wt cerium and 0.1-1.0% wt palladium; d) 40% wt antimony, 25 % wt tin, 30% wt magnesium, 4.8% wt cerium and 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alternatively using magnetic or electric field devices to enhance combustion. More particularly, the present invention relates to alternatively using magnetic or electric field devices to enhance combustion and treat the corresponding products of combustion to increase fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust pollutants.

Abstract: An ignition spark enhancing device disposed in the electrical path between a spark source and a spark plug of an internal combustion engine. The device includes one or more coils of conductive hollow tubing formed from a length of conductive tubing and having ends each configured for connection to a spark plug wire or to a spark plug. The tubing is preferably copper and may also be aluminum or other conductive material. At least five complete loops wound concentrically or in helix form are preferred. The device is also preferably coated with a non-conductive material to reduce any risk of electrical shock or short circuit.

Abstract: An ultrasonic device for a liquid fuel introduction system that propagates ultrasonic waves through liquid fuel, improving the combustion efficiency of the liquid fuel. The propagated waves cause a reduction or unification of fuel droplet size by breaking apart larger fuel droplets into a distribution of uniform sized fuel droplets, thereby producing a smoother combustion wavefront in an internal combustion engine. The end result is greater fuel efficiency of the I.C.E. The ultrasonic wave is produced via at least one piezoelectric transducer having first and second electrodes adapted to receive an input signal of predetermined frequency and voltage which produces vibrations within a piezoelectric element for generating ultrasonic waves, respectively. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is varied and tailored so that the most efficient frequency is matched to the specification of a particular fuel (e.g., gasoline, diesel, etc.).

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for improving combustion efficiency in internal combustion systems, comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet at its ends for receiving and discharging, respectively, the fuel to be treated; an elongated metal bar concentrically located within said casing between said inlet and said outlet so as to enter into direct contact with the fuel, said metal bar being made of an alloy comprising, by weight, 30-60% cooper, 10-30% nickel, 15-40% zinc, 5-20% tin and 1-10% silver; a sleeve concentrically located between said casing and said elongated metal bar; separation means concentrically situated between said casing and said sleeve, to isolate said casing from said sleeve; interconnecting means attached to said inlet and said outlet, to interconnect the apparatus with the fuel supply and the internal combustion system; fixing means situated inside of each end of the casing, to hold the metal bar in place; grounding means located at the outer surface of the casing, to gro

Abstract: Method for checking the conversion capacity of a catalytic element for converting ozone where the catalytic element is provided as a vehicle radiator with a catalytic coating and the method of checking uses ozone sensors upstream and downstream of the radiator. The check is only carried out if predetermined enable conditions are satisfied. Only then are the values emitted by the sensors recorded and compared with one another. A variable which represents an uncorrected value for the quality of the conversion capacity is derived from this comparison. This variable is weighted as a function of at least one operating parameter of the vehicle. The weighted variable is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and, if the threshold value is exceeded, it is concluded that the conversion capacity of the radiator is insufficient.

Abstract: A fuel saving and pollution emission reduction system (10) that utilizes an air ionizer (58) that is easily attached inline between a vehicle air-intake hose (106) and a fuel injection throttle body (108) or a carburetor air-intake structure (110). The air ionizer, which functions with either gasoline or diesel fuel engines is operated by an electronic ionizer control unit (12). The unit (12) is located within the confines of the vehicle's engine compartment and is operated by a 12-volt d-c power source (104) derived from the vehicle's battery (102). When air from the vehicle air-intake hose (106) Passes through the air ionizer (12) the air is ionized and is mixed with the non-ionized air to produce an oxygen-enriched fuel-air mixture. The oxygen-enriched mixture allows a fuel saving and produces a cleaner burning fuel which reduces hydro-carbon exhaust emission levels.

Abstract: The singlet delta energy levels of molecular oxygen (SDO) are generated to enhance the performance of internal-combustion engines, diesel engines in particular. In the preferred embodiments, this control takes place just prior to, and in the initial stages of, fuel injection. The SDO can be generated using different methods according to the invention, including thermal means, optical/laser energy, electrical/electromagnetic excitation, or a combination of these approaches. SDO may also be generated through reactions of a chemical fuel additive or a laser-excited chemical additive. A system for improving the performance of an internal combustion engine according to the invention includes a source or energy operative to generate singlet delta oxygen (SDO) from molecular oxygen, and apparatus for mixing the SDO with fuel prior to, or during, combustion. In the preferred embodiment, the SDO is delivered with air through an air-intake port, and a laser is used in a multi-pass absorption cell.

Abstract: An ultrasonic device for a liquid fuel introduction system that propagates ultrasonic waves through liquid fuel, improving the combustion efficiency of the liquid fuel. The propagated waves cause a reduction or unification of fuel droplet size by breaking apart larger fuel droplets into a distribution of uniform sized fuel droplets, thereby producing a smoother combustion wavefront in an internal combustion engine. The end result is greater fuel efficiency of the I.C.E. The ultrasonic wave is produced via at least one piezoelectric transducer having first and second electrodes adapted to receive an input signal of predetermined frequency and voltage which produces vibrations within a piezoelectric element for generating ultrasonic waves, respectively. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is varied and tailored so that the most efficient frequency is matched to the specification of a particular fuel (e.g., gasoline, diesel, etc.).

Abstract: A material activating device (10) comprises a radioactive layer (11) of a radioactive means that generates radioactive rays for irradiating a material to be activated, and conductive metal layers (12,13) disposed on one side of the radioactive layer (11) and interposed between the radioactive layer (11) and the material to be activated. Radioactive rays emitted by the radioactive means ionizes the material, and the conductive metal layers are charged with electric charges generated when the material is ionized. The conductive metal layers create an electric field and a magnetic field. The material can very efficiently be activated by interaction between the electric and the magnetic field, and the ionized material.

Abstract: This invention method combines numerous disciplines to enhance the performance of internal combustion engines. No prior art embodies the discipline of physics in the creation of a swirling vortex, principles of electrostatics in using tribology and coulomb forces, the utilization of dielectric properties of polymers in an air driven rotating electrophorus and the chemistry of enhanced combustion gases and combustion itself in a single self-contained apparatus and does so without the convention and application of external voltage.

Abstract: A system for converting motor fuel, comprising an air intake system, an injector nozzle, a heater, and a catalyst. The injector nozzle injects motor fuel into the air intake to produce an air-fuel mixture. The heater vaporizes the air-fuel mixture, and the catalyst causes hydrogen to be removed from the motor fuel molecules so as to produce a gaseous mixture of air, motor fuel, and free hydrogen suitable for combustion in an internal combustion engine. The system works with a wide variety of motor fuels, and provides greater fuel efficiency and lower emissions.

Abstract: An ignition system (1) comprising fuel atomising means (6) for spraying fuel (10) therefrom for introduction into a combustion chamber (2). An electro-magnetic radiation generator (8) is connected to an emitter (12) which emits electro-magnetic radiation (11). The electro-magnetic radiation (11) irradiates the fuel (10) to cause ionisation and combustion of the fuel (10). A magnetic field may be provided in the combustion chamber to enhance atomic ionisation of the fuel in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus for magnetically conditioning incoming air and fuel to an internal combustion engine to improve engine operation. Magnets are applied in a bipolar arrangement to the fuel system and air intake apparatus of an internal combustion engine system for reducing emissions and improving fuel efficiency. Magnets may also be applied in a bipolar arrangement to the exhaust system and catalytic converter of an internal combustion system of automotive type for reducing exhaust emissions and improving the performance of a catalytic converter. Furthermore, a combination of magnetizing apparatus that, in conjunction with air and fuel magnetizing apparatus, will improve engine efficiency by introducing a magnetic charge to engine exhaust, coolant water, engine oil, transmission fluid, and gear box fluid, in combination with the above embodiment.

Abstract: The singlet delta energy levels of molecular oxygen (SDO) are generated to enhance the performance of internal-combustion engines, diesel engines in particular. In the preferred embodiments, this control takes place just prior to, and in the initial stages of, fuel injection. The SDO can be generated using different methods according to the invention, including thermal means, optical/laser energy, electrical/electromagnetic excitation, or a combination of these approaches. SDO may also be generated through reactions of a chemical fuel additive or a laser-excited chemical additive. A system for improving the performance of an internal combustion engine according to the invention includes a source or energy operative to generate singlet delta oxygen (SDO) from molecular oxygen, and apparatus for mixing the SDO with fuel prior to, or during, combustion. In the preferred embodiment, the SDO is delivered with air through an air-intake port, and a laser is used in a multi-pass absorption cell.

Abstract: This invention provides a system and apparatus with fine control over quantity and volume of water used, and current and charge used, to provide hydrogen and oxygen gas fr other purposes. The system provides for control of temperature and pressure of the produced gas to provide separation of the two gases post-electrolysis, based upon the physical characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen at same pressure and temperature, where one is in a different phase from the other (that is, gas/liquid/solid phase or state), using simple mechanical means. The system also uses small piezo-electric crystals configured to perform a pumping function to deliver the water to the electrolytic means' electrodes, and optionally to collect the produced hydrogen and oxygen as a part of the separation means by providing partial vacuum.

Abstract: A system for determining the effectiveness of a catalytic coating on a catalytic converter in a motor vehicle. The system provides a driver or maintenance staff status of the catalytic function provided by the catalytic coating on the catalytic converter which is downstream from a heat exchanger connected to a cooling system in an engine in a motor vehicle. The catalytic converter is arranged to be heated by an air flow passing through the catalytic converter. The catalytic coating on the catalytic converter converts environmentally harmful substances in ambient air into substances which are not harmful to the environment. The motor vehicle also includes a control unit and a sensor. The sensor is connected to the control unit and is able to determine a degree of conversion of one or more environmentally harmful substances by the catalytic coating on the catalytic converter.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for improving an efficiency of internal combustion engines, which consists of an auxiliary air injection system inserted between a carburetor and intake manifold. The system is comprised of a shaped body member and at least one T-shaped circular insert pressed in the body member which fits with the body member tightly at the upper surface and has a smaller circumference at it's lower portion to provide a passage-way for an air flow. The body member has at least one through opening, at least one air inlet opening at a predetermined angle, and an adjustable valve aperture. The T-shaped circular insert has a through opening and numerous air inlet lines angled in two planes for creating a whirlwind flow of the additional incoming air and providing a homogenized fuel-air mixture.