Abstract: An expansion tank is disclosed in which a non-return valve is fitted in an outlet port of the expansion tank to limit backflow of coolant into the expansion tank in the event that the pressure in the expansion tank falls below the pressure in a return conduit thereby preventing the expansion tank from filling with coolant. The non-return valve and the expansion tank are formed as a single component and the non-return valve is located in an outlet port of the expansion tank.

Abstract: A wire includes a plurality of units. Each unit has a relatively stiff region joined to an intermediate region. The intermediate region has a varying stiffness along its length. The intermediate region is joined to a relatively pliable region.

Abstract: A fluid energy reducing device includes a body having multiple, oppositely directed flow restrictors extending away from opposite sides of the body. Each flow restrictor can have a geometric shape such as a pyramid, triangle, or a conical shape. Fluid such as a fuel traveling in a wave entering the flow restrictors accelerates as the flow area in a flow passage of the flow restrictors decreases. The work performed by accelerating the fluid flow through one or more apertures created in each flow restrictor reduces the energy of the wave, thereby reducing noise in the fluid tank having the fluid energy reducing device when the reduced size and velocity wave subsequently strikes tank structure or walls.

Abstract: A shower system with a wall connection, a conduit connected thereto to connect the wall connection to a changeover device, and an overhead shower head and a hand shower to which water can be supplied via the changeover device. A first flow restrictor with a first flow restriction is disposed in an area of the wall connection and a second and third flow restrictor are disposed in an area of the overhead shower head and hand shower in a series connection. In the area of the changeover device at least one fourth flow restrictor with at least one second flow restriction is provided and the changeover device provides at least one first direct line connection between the wall connection and at least the overhead shower head or hand shower and a second indirect line connection with a series connection of the fourth flow restrictor.

Abstract: The pressure augmentation valve includes a substantially tubular element having a lumen, a ring located along an interior surface of the tubular element and a dam element located in the lumen, wherein the dam element includes at least one cutout area. The valve further includes a movable plug located in the lumen between the ring and the dam element, wherein at least a portion of the plug includes a diameter greater than an interior diameter of the ring, and a spring positioned between the plug and the dam element, such that the spring exerts a force against the plug in a direction of the ring. The plug exerts a force against fluid entering the tubular element via the ring, thereby increasing pressure of the fluid upon exiting the dam element.

Abstract: A duct in which a fluid can be conducted is bound by duct walls, wherein the duct walls have an inlet opening and an outlet opening through which the fluid can enter the duct and exit the duct. The fluid has a flow velocity which is smaller along the duct walls than at the duct middle, so that a zone of higher flow velocity and a zone of lower flow velocity can be formed in the duct. A flow guide surface is arranged in the duct by means of which a portion of the fluid can be taken from the zone of higher flow velocity and can be mixed into the zone of lower flow velocity.

Abstract: An anti-siphoning fuel system that includes a fuel inlet, a fuel tank, at least one fill tube or hose connecting the fuel inlet to the fuel tank such that fuel may flow from the fuel inlet to the fuel tank, and an anti-siphoning element or device coupled to the fill tube or hose that may be installed in existing boats or cars and obstructs a siphoning hose inserted in to the fill tube or hose from entering the fuel tank.

Abstract: A flow restrictor assembly which is to be custom fitted to the inside of catch basins attached to storm sewer systems, which flow restrictor assembly is sized so as to restrict the amount of fluid which can flow through the flow restrictor, and which has a hatch which can be easily lifted to allow for easy cleaning and maintenance of the catch basin.

Abstract: An inductor assembly is configured to be attached in flow communication to receive a flow of product from a storage hopper of a product conveyance system. The product conveyance system includes a forced fluid source mounted thereon and operable to provide a forced fluid stream to the inductor assembly. The inductor housing includes an inlet configured to direct a first portion of the forced fluid stream in a path to engage the flow of product so as to generate the combined stream of forced fluid and product. The inductor assembly further includes multiple inductor segments, wherein each inductor segments defines at least one conduit having an inlet and an outlet. One or more of the inlets may be configured to restrict air and product flow therethrough.

Abstract: An LNG receiving structure (101) is provided with: a leader pipe (1) that is located below a receiving pipe (102) that penetrates a roof of an LNG tank, and extends as far as a bottom portion of the LNG tank; a hopper (2) that is provided at a top end of the leader pipe, and receives LNG expelled from the receiving pipe; a regulating component (3) that is provided inside the hopper, and regulates the flow of the LNG expelled from the receiving pipe such that this LNG flows down along an inside wall of the leader pipe; and a gas discharge port (4) that is provided in the hopper, and discharges to an outside of the hopper gas that has risen upwards from the leader pipe. By providing this LNG receiving structure, when a plurality of types of LNG that each have a different density are stored in the same LNG tank, it is possible to keep to a minimum any risk that rollover might occur.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flow control (1) for reducing the flow velocity of a liquid heating medium flowing into an accumulator tank (2) or a boiler. The flow control (1) comprises an inner tubular member (5) and an outer cylindrical member (6), The inner tubular member (5) has an inlet opening (8) and at least one outlet opening (9). A deflector means (10) deflects the flow of liquid heating medium out of the inner tubular member through said outlet opening. A perforated member (12) covers the outlet opening (9) such that the flow of liquid heating medium from said outlet opening passes through said perforated member. The outer cylindrical member (6) comprises a solid part (14) and a perforated part (15). The outer cylindrical member (6) is positioned such that the solid part (14) deflects the flow of liquid heating medium from said inner tubular member towards the perforated part (15) of the outer cylindrical member and through that into the accumulator tank (2) or boiler.

Abstract: A bleed valve bleeds hot gases from a compressor into a bypass duct of a gas turbine engine. The valve comprises a diffuser having opposing walls and a divider located between the walls and which define at least two passages through which a bleed fluid flows and into a fluid flow through the bypass duct. The passages are angled towards each other to force the two gas flows together to form a high aspect ratio plume. This plume has a relatively large surface area that that improves mixing with the bypass flow to cool it and prevented otherwise hot bleed flows from impinging on heat sensitive components adjacent the bypass duct.

Abstract: A mixer for mixing a fluid having a property varying along a flow direction of the fluid includes an inlet configured for receiving an inlet flow, an outlet configured for providing an outlet flow, and a plurality of flow channels coupled between the inlet and the outlet. The mixer also includes a flow distributor for distributing the inlet flow into the plurality of flow channels so that each flow channel receives a partial flow from the inlet flow, and a flow combiner for combining the partial flows from the plurality of flow channels to the outlet flow. Each flow channel has a first flow section having a hydraulic resistance substantially representing a hydraulic resistance of the flow channel. One or more of the flow channels each have a second flow section coupled in series with the first flow section of the respective flow channel.

Abstract: In order to provide a fluid resistance device that is easily manufactured, compact, accurate, and uniform in performance, the fluid resistance device comprises two members that have facing surfaces that face each other and a downstream end of the upstream side flow channel and an upstream end of the downstream side flow channel open at positions displaced from each other on the facing surfaces, and a ring body that is arranged to surround the downstream end opening and the upstream end opening and that forms the fluid resistance channel between the downstream end opening and the upstream end opening by being sandwiched by the facing surfaces, and is so configured that the ring body is made of a material harder than that of each member, and the ring body breaks into the facing surfaces by fastening two members so as to make the facing surfaces approach each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for bi-directionally regulating flow of an actuation fluid includes a conduit and a plurality of baffles. The conduit includes a conduit flow channel that extends longitudinally along a centerline between a first conduit end and a second conduit end. The baffles are sequentially non-coaxially arranged in the conduit. Each of the baffles includes a baffle flow channel that laterally tapers and extends, in a longitudinal direction towards the second conduit end, from a first baffle end to a baffle orifice at a second baffle end. The first baffle end is connected to the conduit, and extends laterally across the conduit flow channel.

Abstract: A pipe, in particular in the air supply system of internal combustion engines which are provided, in particular, with an intake system and/or control electronics, is described, wherein the internal pipe and/or the internal pipe surface (1) have/has at least one element (1, 5, 6) which changes the diameter (2) of the internal pipe and/or the cross-sectional area of the internal pipe.

Abstract: Continuous mass flow gas replenishment may be implemented in a gas lasing device, such as a gas laser or amplifier, by using a restrictive orifice to bleed one or more gases into a reservoir and/or discharge chamber of the gas laser or amplifier at a predefined mass flow rate. The mass flow rate is a function of the pressure drop across the restrictive orifice resulting from the pressure differential between the depleted gas and the source gas. Thus, gases may be added as needed such that the gas total pressure, as well as the constituent partial pressures, is maintained within a desired range throughout the laser or amplifier fill lifetime. The continuous mass flow gas replenishment may thus make up the lost partial pressure of reactive gases in gas lasing devices in a manner that is less complicated and is less expensive than other continuous flow methodologies.

Abstract: At abnormal pressure pulsation generating time, a piston of a pulsation reducing apparatus is displaced in a valve chamber due to an increase in a fuel pressure in an upstream side fuel passage, so that fluid communication between a valve chamber and a downstream side fuel passage is disabled, and fluid communication between a valve chamber side end part of a return passage and the valve chamber is enabled. Pressure pulsation is conducted into the return passage and is reduced by a damping effect of a pulsation reducing mechanism and a flow restricting effect of orifices. The fuel, which has passed through the orifices, is returned to the upstream side fuel passage through the return passage.

Abstract: Flow straightener for a flowmeter, in particular an ultrasonic metering device, which can be fitted into a flow pipe which is upstream of or in the flowmeter and through which the fluid to be measured flows with a main direction of flow (H), comprising a number of vanes (11, 12, 16, 17), which each have surfaces (13) that are parallel to one another and, in the fitted position, run parallel to the main direction of flow (H) of the fluid to be measured, the vanes (11, 12, 16, 17) being arranged in such a way that, in the fitted position, the flow cross section (Q) of the fluid-carrying flow pipe is subdivided into a number of partial cross sections (TQ1,2,3,4,5), at least some of the partial cross sections (TQ1,2,3,4,5) being of different sizes.

Abstract: A liquid degassing apparatus is arranged to limit pervaporation through a membrane by attenuating pressure oscillations developed by a vacuum pump. The attenuation is obtained through a combination of one or more flow restrictors and added volume chambers fluidly interposed between the degassing chamber and the vacuum pump. The pressure oscillation attenuation may further inhibit cross-contamination of pervaporated solvents among a plurality of distinct degassing chambers.

Abstract: A stackable noise attenuating disk includes an inner perimeter edge and an outer perimeter edge. A plurality of inlet passages is disposed along the inner perimeter edge and a plurality of outlet passages is disposed along the outer perimeter edge. The plurality of outlet passages includes a plurality of first outlet passages and a plurality of second outlet passages. Each of the plurality of first outlet passages have a first width and each of the plurality of second outlet passages have a second width that is greater than the first width. Fluid entering the inlet passages passes through a plenum section of adjacent disks to exit through the first and second outlet passages. The first outlet passages and second outlet passages cooperate to disperse the noise peak frequencies of fluid exiting the plurality of outlet passages, thereby reducing the overall noise level of fluid exiting the plurality of outlet passages.

Abstract: A flexible garden hose having an inner tube member made from elastic material and an outer tube member made from a non-elastic material. The inner tube member is secured to the outer tube member only at an inlet coupler and an outlet coupler. The inlet coupler is constructed to secure to a water supply provided from a conventional household water spigot. The outlet coupler is coupled to a flow restrictor allowing the inner tube member to equalize in pressure with pressurized water received from the water supply. Pressurized water expands the elongated inner tube member longitudinally along a length of the inner tube member and laterally across a width of the inner tube member thereby substantially increasing the length of the hose to an expanded condition wherein the hose contracts to a substantially decreased length when there is a decrease in pressurized water.

Abstract: A fluid controlling apparatus including an inlet through which a fluid is introduced, a channel portion connected to the inlet, an outlet that is connected to the channel portion and through which the fluid is discharged, and at least one fluid resisting portion disposed between the inlet and the outlet, as well as a filter and a biochip including the fluid controlling apparatus.

Abstract: An improved fluid pressure reduction device including a perimeter and a hollow center aligned along a longitudinal axis, and further including an inlet region at the hollow center and an outlet region at the perimeter, wherein the outlet region includes multiple dimensioned outlet areas arranged to substantially reduce outlet tone generation.

Abstract: A feed gas conditioner includes a passageway with a plurality of heating elements positioned within the passageway. A plurality of baffle assemblies can cause a fluid flowing through the feed gas conditioner to flow in a serpentine flow pattern so that the fluid flows transverse to at least a portion of the heating elements. The baffle assemblies can each include two or more baffle elements, the baffle elements being positioned at an angle relative to each other. The heating elements can pass through passages within one or more of the baffle elements.

Abstract: A downhole fluid flow control system includes a fluidic module (150) having a main fluid pathway (152), a valve (162) and a bridge network. The valve (162) has a first position wherein fluid flow through the main fluid pathway (152) is allowed and a second position wherein fluid flow through the main fluid pathway (152) is restricted. The bridge network has first and second branch fluid pathways (163, 164) each having a common fluid inlet (166, 168) and a common fluid outlet (170, 172) with the main fluid pathway (152) and each including two fluid flow resistors (174, 176, 180, 182) with a pressure output terminal (178, 184) positioned therebetween. In operation, the pressure difference between the pressure output terminals (178, 184) of the first and second branch fluid pathways (163, 164) shifts the valve (162) between the first and second positions.

Abstract: A flow control device and a method of controlling a flow, the flow control device including a flow path for a fluid therethrough and a material at least partially defining the flow path, the material operatively arranged with a surface energy less than that of the fluid for passively impeding an undesirable component of the fluid more than a desirable component of the fluid.

Abstract: A flow control device, including a flow path for a fluid therethrough; a geometry defining at least a portion of the flow path, the geometry operatively arranged to cause a pressure drop in the fluid thereacross; a material disposed along the flow path, the material having a surface energy less than that of an undesirable component of the fluid. A method of controlling inflow of an undesirable fluid including: receiving a fluid in a flow control device; and reducing an undesirable component of the fluid flowing out from the flow control device by directing the fluid along a flow path of the flow control device, the flow path at least partially defined by a geometry operatively arranged to cause a pressure drop in the fluid thereacross and at least partially defined by a material having a surface energy less than that of the undesirable component of the fluid.

Abstract: A concentrator for increasing the particle concentration in an aerosol flow is described. The concentrator comprises a sculptured acceleration plate with a number of slit-shaped and radially extending acceleration channels and a sculptured deceleration plate with a number of slit-shaped and radially extending deceleration plate channels. Acceleration channel exit openings are spaced from a base surface on an exit side of the acceleration plate and sculptured deceleration channel entry openings are spaced from a base surface on an entry side of the deceleration plate so that a relatively large gap is provided between the acceleration plate base surface and the deceleration plate base surface allowing a waste volume flow to be exhausted through this relatively large gap at low flow resistance. The plurality of openings comprises openings of at least two different lengths.

Abstract: A flow restrictor with a first disk having at least one inlet and at least one outlet and a flow path and a second disk having no flow path. The first disk and the second disk being stacked together. A mass flow controller comprising with an input, an output, a flow path, a pressure transducer and the above flow restrictor.

Abstract: A tube wave reduction system for a borehole includes a tubular member; one or more openings in the tubular member, the one or more openings having a through-passage and a deformation region surrounding the through-passage; and an absorber in fluid communication with the one or more openings.

Abstract: A baffle includes a body member having a first surface, a second opposed surface, and an outer peripheral edge. An aperture may be formed through the body member to define an inner peripheral edge. The inner peripheral edge is distorted to be non-planar. An apparatus includes a first conduit having a first end, a second end, and a first channel extending therebetween. At least one baffle is disposed in the first channel and includes a body member having a first surface, a second opposed surface, and an outer peripheral edge. At least one aperture may be formed through the body member to define an inner peripheral edge. The inner peripheral edge is distorted to be non-planar. A second conduit may be disposed inside the first conduit and extend through the aperture in the baffle. The apparatus may be an ultraviolet light reactor, a heat exchanger, or a static mixer.

Abstract: A pressure limiting valve has a control element (10) which can be acted on in an opening direction, against a first control face, by a pressure which is to be limited, and which can be acted on in a closing direction by a spring (16) and, against a second control face, by a control pressure prevailing in a control pressure space (14). The pressure prevailing in the control pressure space can be limited by means of a pilot control valve (21). A control fluid can be supplied to the control pressure space through the control element via a control fluid nozzle (48). Upstream of the first control face, a plate (38) is held on the control element. Formed between the plate and the first control face is a gap with a predefined gap dimension. Said gap is situated upstream of the control fluid nozzle.

Abstract: A production system includes, a tubular having a plurality of sets of ports therethrough spaced longitudinally therealong positionable within a structure, at least one screen radial of the tubular defining an annulus between the structure and the at least one screen, at least one solids control mechanism configured to fill the annulus, and a plurality of flow restrictors.

Abstract: A tubing incorporated into a vehicle fuel tank system including an elongated and flexible tubular shaped body having a hollow interior exhibiting pluralities of alternating inner and outer diameter spaced locations. The inner diameter locations exhibit a first plurality of annularly projecting ribs, the outer diameter locations exhibiting a second plurality of ribs exhibiting a larger dimension. In this fashion, a plurality of individual tubing sections are incorporated into each of gas vapor (outflow) vent lines and fresh intake air (inflow) lines such that an inner airflow profile is established within the body to retard the generation of sound associated with volumetric airflow.

Abstract: A system for hydrogen charging has an orifice provided as a flow restrictor between a hydrogen charging port and a hydrogen tank having a larger heat flux value. No orifice is provided on the side of a hydrogen tank having a smaller heat flux value. The orifice has a function of increasing the channel resistance. With the above, it is possible to initially have the hydrogen tank having a smaller heat flux value in the fully charged state, and thereafter the hydrogen tank having a larger heat flux value in the fully charged state. Alternatively, a check valve having a cracking pressure ?P2 can be provided as a flow restrictor on the side of the hydrogen tank having larger heat flux, and a check valve having a cracking pressure ?P1 can be provided as a flow restrictor on the side of the hydrogen tank having smaller heat flux, wherein ?P2>?P1.

Abstract: A system for venting a high-pressure flow stream is disclosed, the system comprising a device having a plurality of orifice plates, each orifice plate having a plurality of orifices, wherein the plurality of orifice plates are oriented relative to each other such that the pressure of the flow stream substantially drops.

Abstract: A flow resistor having a flow conduit with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, and a membrane forming a wall of the flow conduit, and a cross section of the flow of the flow conduit can be varied by exerting pressure on the membrane. The flow resistor has a cavity containing a medium with a positive temperature coefficient and a flow chamber; the membrane separates the cavity from the flow chamber and is both the wall of the cavity as well as the wall of the flow conduit, wherein the flow conduit is constructed as a helical recess, open to the membrane, in a surface of a lower cover that closes the flow chamber, wherein an inflow opening is arranged in the center of an area fixed by the flow conduit and wherein an outflow opening is arranged on the edge side.

Abstract: A feed gas conditioner includes a passageway with a plurality of heating elements positioned within the passageway. A plurality of baffle assemblies can cause a fluid flowing through the feed gas conditioner to flow in a serpentine flow pattern so that the fluid flows transverse to at least a portion of the heating elements. The baffle assemblies can each include two or more baffle elements, the baffle elements being positioned at an angle relative to each other. The heating elements can pass through passages within one or more of the baffle elements.

Abstract: A valve part of a hydraulic control valve for controlling flows of pressurized medium is provided. The valve part includes: a cylindrical valve housing with a valve housing hollow space that is open on one side in the axial direction, wherein the valve housing is provided with a radial first work connection (A), a radial second work connection (B), and a radial pressure connection (P), each of which opens into the valve housing hollow space, and a cylindrical control piston is held in the valve housing hollow space so that it can move in the axial direction with a control piston hollow space that is open on one side at an axial control piston hollow space opening.

Abstract: A multistage, pilot-operated pressure regulator for pressure adjustment and/or back pressure relief and/or differential pressure or flow control applications comprises a diaphragm and a plurality of plates, including a throttle plate and at least one flow control plate. In at least one embodiment, the throttle plate includes a sloped upper surface for contacting the diaphragm, and a plurality of apertures residing within a plurality of concentric rows. In addition, in at least one embodiment, at least one flow control plate is positioned downstream of the throttle plate, the at least one flow control plate including a plurality of apertures residing within a plurality of concentric rows. A method of controlling the flow of fluid in a conduit is also provided.

Abstract: An inductor assembly is configured to be attached in flow communication to receive a flow of product from a storage hopper of a product conveyance system. The product conveyance system includes a forced fluid source mounted thereon and operable to provide a forced fluid stream to the inductor assembly. The inductor housing includes an inlet configured to direct a first portion of the forced fluid stream in a path to engage the flow of product so as to generate the combined stream of forced fluid and product. The inductor assembly further includes multiple inductor segments, wherein each inductor segments defines at least one conduit having an inlet and an outlet. One or more of the inlets may be configured to restrict air and product flow therethrough.

Abstract: An orifice plate carrier for positioning an orifice plate within an orifice fitting to measure fluid flow rate through a conduit is disclosed. In some embodiments, the plate carrier has an opening therethrough and an inner surface surrounding the opening. A lip extends radially from the inner surface to support an orifice plate assembly with an orifice plate disposed therein. At least one flow port extends through the body. Each flow port is configured to allow fluid therethrough and to reduce a pressure differential between fluid up and downstream of the orifice plate during installation and extraction. At least two notches, each notch extending radially from the inner surface, engage the orifice plate and maintain the concentric position of the orifice plate within the fitting.

Abstract: An exhaust stack for an internal combustion engine includes an upstream segment having a proximal portion and a distal portion, and a downstream segment. The distal portion of the upstream segment has a non-circular cross section and at least partially defines a venturi opening. The downstream segment has a downstream proximal portion that at least partially defines the venturi opening. The distal portion defines a flow area that is less than or equal to a flow area of the proximal portion, and defines a perimeter that is greater than a perimeter of the proximal portion.

Abstract: “Annular swivel joint including an annular fixed part and an annular rotary part and having an annular trough that defines an annular volume, via which the circuits portions communicate, a stationary forward connection for receiving cooling fluid from the stationary circuit portion; a rotary forward connection for supplying cooling fluid to the rotary circuit portion; a rotary return connection for receiving cooling fluid from the rotary circuit portion; and a stationary return connection for returning cooling fluid to the stationary circuit portion; a partition dividing the annular volume into an annular external cavity and an annular internal cavity so that the forward connections are coupled via one of the external and internal cavities and the return connections are coupled via the other cavity, so that the internal cavity is at least partially surrounded by the external cavity.

Abstract: The invention provides a microfluidic device for conveying substance by diffusion in a porous substrate from a substance injection zone to a substance arrival zone, which zones are connected by a substance-channeling zone. According to the invention, the porous substrate presents a free surface that is partially covered by a mask that is impermeable and that extends from the injection zone to the arrival zone in order to define the substance-channeling zone in the substrate so as to enable the substance to evaporate through a non-covered portion of the free surface.

Abstract: A mixing apparatus is disclosed. The mixing apparatus comprises a mixing device having a constant flow area. The mixing device is configured to create a shearing environment. Several types of mixing apparatus are disclosed. Methods for producing aqueous fuel emulsions with consistently uniform dispersed phase particle sizes using a mixing apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a family of devices insertable into a pipe or pipeline for counteracting the force and controlling the rate of flow of a fluid flowing in the pipe or pipeline. The disclosed devices have an overall shape resembling a spear to improve the fluid dynamic performance and are designed to be self-centering in a pipe. The devices can be made from readily available materials using well known manufacturing techniques. Other embodiments showing extensions to the invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for treatment of material transported through the device comprising at least one porous element consisting of solid, for example metallic, structure which allows cross-flow of the material through the porous element. A device in accordance with the invention is particularly useful as mixer or heat exchanger or to carry out chemical reactions under homogenous and heterogeneous conditions. Such a device hereinafter also referred as reactor may comprises a tube (1) having a cylindrical wall (2) with one inlet end (3) and one outlet end (4). Arranged in the tube (1) is at least one cylindrical porous element (5) consisting of solid metal structure, wherein said porous element (5) comprises a plurality of hollow spaces that are connected to each other and form an interconnected cavity network and wherein the at least one porous element (5) and the cylindrical wall (2) are made in one piece. The porosity ? of the at least one porous element (5) is between 0.8 and 0.95.

Abstract: A static mixing device for mounting or other attachment within a hollow tubular conduit including a plurality of vanes generally equally spaced therein and each including a generally oblong plate radially inwardly extending from the conduit internal wall surface and wherein each of said plates is provided with a generally wing-shaped cap that downwardly, rearwardly and inwardly bends from the top of the plate to said conduit wall.