Abstract: An adhesive liquid dispensing apparatus includes a gun manifold, a dispensing module, and a dispensing orifice. The inlet port of the gun manifold is directly coupled with a reservoir of adhesive hot melt liquid that is fixedly attached to the manifold. The contents of the reservoir are under pressure so that the adhesive hot melt liquid is dispensed from the adhesive liquid dispensing apparatus without the need for heated supply hoses to connect the inlet port of the manifold to a remote source of adhesive hot melt liquid. Preferably, the adhesive liquid dispensing system is coupled with a robot that controls the positioning of the system during an adhesive liquid dispensing operation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a liquid dispensing system having a valve subsystem and pumping subsystem. The valve subsystem is configured with a pressure sensor subassembly having an electronic interface to determine the liquid level in a vehicle gasoline tank or other liquid vessel. The valve subassembly of the present invention may include a piezoelectric subassembly to detect pressure changes at a nozzle subassembly to shut off the liquid flow through the valve subsystem and from the pump subsystem. Aspects of the present invention may also sense when the nozzle subassembly has been partially removed from a liquid tank fill tube. The present invention may include wireless technology to transmit information from the valve subsystem to the pump subsystem to prevent an overfill condition in the vessel. For example, the pump subsystem will not pump without confirmatory signal from valve subassembly that all components are operating properly.

Abstract: The vacuum storage system comprises: a vacuum pump, a vacuum bus, a control system to monitor and maintain a selected vacuum level in the vacuum bus. The control system provides system shutdown and alerts or warnings when the selected vacuum level cannot be maintained within the vacuum bus. The vacuum storage system further comprises one or more canister ports wherein each of the canister ports comprises a check valve to assure that no loss of vacuum occurs in occupied canister ports when one or more of the canister ports are unoccupied and open to ambient pressure, a manual valve, and a fitment for removably attaching a canister.

Abstract: Techniques for dispensing a type of liquid in a specific amount or at a constant flow rate are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a height difference between an inlet and an outlet is maintained by an adjustable tubing assembly. An overflow assembly is provided to divert any overflow of the liquid from entering a reservoir and keep a specific level of the liquid. A valve is provided to the inlet and can be turned off when a sensor detects that there is an overflow of the liquid in the overflow assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for preventing overfilling of a plurality of fuel tanks (8) at a gasoline station, in the event that fuel tanks are filled simultaneously by multi-chamber tank vehicles (7). The fuel tanks (8) are equipped with filling level threshold indicators (3) linked to a transmitter (1) for wireless transmission of a signal. A receiver (2) mounted in the tank vehicle (7) is provided to control one or several tank valves. In order to ensure safe closure of the tank valves, the filling level threshold indicators (3) of the fuel tanks (8) at the gasoline station are connected each to a signal line (5) leading to a common interface (4). Only one transmitter (1) along with an interrogation control device is provided for connecting to said interface (4) and cooperates with the receiver (2) mounted in the tank vehicle (7).

Abstract: Disclosed is a small volume, liquid dispenser having particular application in the analytical fields. The liquid dispensers can be quickly and reliably filled to a predetermined volume without monitoring liquid flows or volumes or filling times. Various versions of the dispenser and systems utilizing one or more of the dispensers are disclosed.

Abstract: This application relates to a fuel dispensing system and method for safely regulating transfer of fuel between a fuel dispenser and a fuel recipient. The fuel dispensing system may be used, for example, to replenish electric vehicles that use refillable electrochemical power generation systems, such as fuel cell hybrid systems using hydrogen fuel. The system employs a combination of interlocks and other safety features specifically adapted for high-risk indoor environments. Fueling cannot commence until the dispenser and the recipient are electrically bonded to minimize the risk of spark generation. The system may include, for example, a fuel supply subsystem for preventing fuel flow except during a fueling session, an immobilization subsystem for preventing relative movement of the dispenser and the recipient during a fueling session, a communication subsystem for enabling data exchange between the dispenser and the recipient, and a leak detection subsystem for monitoring the fueling site for fuel leaks.

Abstract: An automatic shut-off valve suitable for watering of batteries is disclosed. The valve is formed by a chamber having an inlet and an outlet. A seat surrounds the outlet. A spring biased piston within the cylinder is movable into and out of sealing engagement with the seat to open and close the valve. A flow deflecting surface is positioned between the inlet and the piston. Water flow is directed around the piston to eliminate drag that would force the piston into engagement with the seat. A second deflector surface directs flow against the piston to bias it open. An actuator cup, fed by a nozzle extending from the outlet, draws the piston into engagement with the seat when the cup is sealed by engagement with the electrolyte surface. The valve may also employ a float actuator connected to the piston.

Abstract: A cut hole type air lock valve is disposed in an air chamber formed by allowing two outer films to be adhered to each other by means of hot sealing. A part of rims of both inner films folded together are adhered to each other and several portions of rims thereof are formed to be air inlets in the cut hole type air lock valve. Furthermore, the air inlet is connected to an air passageway between the inner films, and at least one cut hole is disposed on the inner films beside the air passageway. When outside air flows into the air passageway via the air inlet and is filled in an air chamber via the cut holes, the air chamber is caused to fill with air and inflate, and air inside air chamber thrusts the inner films so as to block the air passageway to cause the air to be locked.

Abstract: An inspection machine for inspecting the volume of liquid contained by a bottle filed to its defined fill height. A head is lowered and has a sealing plate which seals the open finish of a bottle. A fill tube assembly is part of the head and continues to be lowered until a level sensor is located to sense liquid at a pre-fill level. High and low pressure water lines which are a part of the fill tube assembly are operated to fill the bottle to the pre-fill level. The sealing plate is released and then the process is repeated lowering the sensor to the post-fill level and operating only the low-pressure line to fill the bottle to the post-fill level. The total liquid filling the bottle is then computed.

Abstract: An automatic liquid dispenser and automatic liquid dispensing method are disclosed capable of transmitting ultrasonic to an upper surface of a receptacle, and receiving the ultrasonic reflected from the upper surface of the receptacle to detect a receptacle height, whereby the receptacle height may be freely detected regardless of shape, material and surface state of the receptacle, and regardless of a position where the receptacle is placed.

Abstract: A storage device capable of detecting liquid level for liquid fuel required by a fuel cell includes a main storage tank, a measurement pipe and a liquid level detection device. The main storage tank is employed to receive the liquid fuel. The measurement pipe is independent from the main storage tank and communicates with the main storage tank via a tube section. The liquid level detection device is attached to the measurement to measure level of the liquid fuel.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously aspirating a fluid from a fluid source. A vacuum source is operatively connected to a first container forming a first chamber and a second container forming a second chamber. A fluid collection tube provides communication between the fluid source and each of the first chamber and the second chamber. A first level sensor is positioned within the first chamber and a second level sensor is positioned within the second chamber. Upon receiving a signal generated by one of the first level sensor and the second level sensor, a relay responsively exposes a vacuum within one of the first chamber and the second chamber to continuously aspirate at least a portion of the fluid from the fluid source. A shut-off valve is preferably positioned within each of the first chamber and the second chamber to prevent communication between the vacuum source and the corresponding chamber with a fluid level within the chamber at a fluid level setpoint.

Abstract: Beverage fill detection apparatuses may take the form of a coaster, where opaque beverage containers are placed on top, and a fill level for the beverage container is indicated. The apparatus includes a pressure sensor which determines the pressure associated with the beverage container, and based on comparisons to one or more reference values, determines a fill level of the beverage container and displays the fill level.

Abstract: A dispensing device dispenses drinks or similar dosable liquid foodstuffs, especially coffee, milk, soft drinks or soups. The dispensing device includes an identification device for identifying a vertical height of a container for receiving the foodstuff and for emitting a height signal, a filling device which can be arranged in such a way that the height thereof can be adjusted in relation to the container, and a control device which sets the filling device to a pre-controllable filling level in relation to the container, on the basis of the height signal, before the foodstuff is introduced into the container. In this way, a container can be filled in an optimum manner without spilling.

Abstract: A method of loading a granulated solid into a vessel having a containment zone for the granulated solid. The method comprises providing in a bottom portion of the containment zone a first substantially vertical rigid columnar portion having a horizontal cross section large enough to accommodate an operative's body. Support means is associated with the substantially vertical rigid columnar portion. Granulated solid is charged into the containment zone under control of the operative so as to distribute granulated solid around the substantially vertical rigid columnar portion. A further substantially vertical rigid columnar portion having a similar horizontal cross section to that of the first columnar portion is positioned on top of the first columnar portion. These steps are repeated a sufficient number of times until the desired amount of granulated solid has been charged to the containment zone.

Abstract: An improved elongated fuel inlet pipe having an opening on one end for inserting a fuel source and a plunger valve at an opposite end for permitting fluid to flow into a tank. The pipe has a plurality of slots in a top sidewall of the pipe, a movable closure over the slots and a spring to bias the collar to a closed position. A gate is mounted inside the pipe and is drivingly linked to the closure by a finger that extends through one of the slots for displacing the closure longitudinally toward the plunger valve when there is an increased pressure applied to the gate for permitting fluid flow through the slot.

Abstract: A shut off valve (10) is provided for use in an aircraft lavatory system (70) during maintenance sanitizing operations. The shut off valve includes an inlet passage (20) in intermittent fluid communication with an outlet passage (30) and a magnetic flapper body (40) movable between a rest position and a seal position between said inlet passage and said outlet passage. The flapper body is moved by a magnetic actuator (60) whereby upon placing said magnetic actuator within the proximity of the flapper body, the flapper body is moved form the rest position and, with the assistance of fluid flow within the valve, into the seal position, thus preventing fluid communication between the inlet passage and the outlet passage.

Abstract: A tank venting system includes a diaphragm valve movable to open and close a passageway leading to a fuel tank. The system also includes a fuel vapor recovery canister used to adsorb hydrocarbons associated with fuel vapor flowing through the passageway.

Abstract: A method of controlling a refrigerator having a shaved ice discharger to discharge shaved ice produced within the refrigerator to the outside. The refrigerator includes a shaved-ice maker equipped within a freezing compartment to produce shaved ice, a shaved ice discharge port to discharge the shaved ice produced by the shaved-ice maker to the outside through the freezing compartment door, and a shaved ice discharger connected with the shaved ice discharge port to discharge the shaved ice produced by the shaved-ice maker to the outside of the refrigerator. Since the refrigerator is controlled to maintain the open state of the shaved ice discharge port during a predetermined shaved ice discharging time set corresponding to a selected amount of the shaved ice, it is not necessary to continuously apply external force to the lever, thereby improving convenience in use of the shaved-ice maker.

Abstract: A refill apparatus for multiple containers is provided, which comprises a single piece, integrally molded primary container for holding matter. The basin of the container is comprised of a bottom with a plurality of apertures that are arranged in rows and columns for allowing drainage of matter from the containment portion through the apertures. The plurality of apertures are integrally molded and coupled with an upper portion of a corresponding number of conduits that are commensurately arranged in rows and columns along an exterior of the bottom for allowing matter from the containment portion to flow and drain into a lower portion of the conduits, which are comprised of discharge tubes for facilitating simultaneous flow and depletion of matter out of the containment portion and into a secondary set of containers.

Abstract: A beverage bottling plant and method for filling bottles with a liquid beverage material having a bottle filling machine with a filling valve for filling bottles with a liquid beverage. The filling valve having a gas cutoff element comprising a plurality of channels being configured and disposed to permit flow of a liquid into a container disposed at some distance beneath said filling element; each of the plurality of channels having a length, a width, and a height, wherein the width is substantially smaller than at least one of the height and the length, and the height is the distance from said liquid beverage inlet to the liquid beverage outlet.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pneumatic powder transfer from a powder supply container to applications such as laser sintering systems. The method and apparatus use both constant and cyclic flows of a pressurized gas to fluidize and convey powders without the need for any tilting unloading stands, vibration or other mechanical working of the powder.

Abstract: A gauge assembly includes an indicator for providing an indication of an amount of fluid in a tank and a stop-fill assembly for stopping the flow of fluid flowing into the tank once the fluid reaches a particular level. The gauge assembly has a shaft that rotates as the fluid level changes in the tank. The indicator translates the rotational position of the shaft into a fluid level. The stop-fill assembly moves from an open position, where fluid can flow into the tank, to a closed position, where fluid is prohibited from flowing into the tank, depending on the rotational position of the shaft.

Abstract: A fuel level indicator indicating a fuel level in a vehicle fuel tank and disposed proximate a cap for closing a refueling orifice extending from the fuel tank. The fuel indicator indicates the fuel level in response to a fuel level sender unit disposed in the fuel tank. According to one embodiment, the fuel level sender unit supplies fuel level information to both a dashboard-mounted gauge and the cap-proximate fuel indicator. A switch supplies power to the cap-proximate fuel indicator and the fuel level sender unit, without powering on other watercraft systems.

Abstract: An anesthetic tank (1) of an anesthetic dispensing unit is used especially for desflurane and has improved reliability of operation by mutually complementing level monitoring devices. The anesthetic tank (1) is equipped with a level tube (3) arranged in or on the outer wall with a connection line (6) into the interior space as well as with an optical level sensor (4). The optical axis (5) of the level sensor (4) is located at the same level as a mark (33) on the level tube (3).

Abstract: A container filling apparatus for topping off receiving containers that are partially filled with an initial amount of a solution of a concentrate and a diluent includes a dispenser for discharging additional concentrate into the receiving container, the dispenser being connected to a source of the concentrate. A controller is connected to the concentrate dispenser, the controller being programmed to determine the amount of the solution initially in the partially filled receiving container, and to discharge concentrate into the receiving container in an amount sufficient to provide a desired concentration of solution for a full receiving container of the solution.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing liquid crystal material including a container containing liquid crystal material, a discharge pump drawing-in liquid crystal material and discharging the drawn liquid crystal material, a nozzle dispensing the discharged liquid crystal material onto LCD panel regions as a plurality of liquid crystal droplets, and a control unit calculating a total amount of liquid crystal material to be dispensed onto each LCD panel region as a dispensing pattern of liquid crystal droplets each having an amount of liquid crystal material contained therein and for compensating the total amount of liquid crystal material by at least one of: compensating the predetermined number of liquid crystal droplets arranged within the predetermined dispensing pattern, and compensating the predetermined amount of liquid crystal material within at least one liquid crystal droplet.

Abstract: A personal care system (1) comprising a personal care appliance (2) which comprises a body (3), an additive outlet (7), and a first reservoir (8) which is connected with said additive outlet (7) and has a refill inlet (25) for refilling said reservoir (8), a refill unit (16) comprising a refill outlet (35) which can be coupled to the refill inlet (25) of the personal care appliance (2) for refilling the first reservoir (8), which refill unit (16) comprises a second reservoir (26) and means (13) for transporting additive from the second reservoir (26) to the first reservoir (8), when the personal care appliance (2) is coupled to the refill unit (16). The refill unit (16) is provided in a holder (5) for storing the personal care appliance when it is not in use. When the personal care appliance is stored in the same holder in which it is placed to be refilled, both functions are integrated into one holder.

Abstract: A method for supplying a cryogenic fluid to a network of two or more cryogenic fluid receiving stations, wherein a cryogenic liquid is routed to cryogenic fluid receiving stations in a single cryogenic vessel and is dispensed to the cryogenic fluid receiving stations as either a cryogenic liquid, a compressed gas, both a cryogenic liquid and a compressed gas, or as a mixture of a cryogenic liquid and a compressed gas.

Abstract: The integrated jet fluid level shutoff sensor vent assembly is designed for use in conjunction with a non-pressurizing tank fast fill system, and to support automatic shutoff fast fill refueling of vehicles. The integrated jet fluid level shutoff sensor vent assembly is mounted to a fuel tank and exposed inside the fuel tank for sensing a predetermined level of fuel within the fuel tank and allowing fully vented refueling.

Abstract: In a system and method for ensuring that a liquid ring vacuum pump contains an optimum amount of barrier fluid the pump and a vessel for containing barrier fluid are set at respective levels such that, when the pump is at rest and the level of barrier fluid id at its optimum the level of the fluid in the vessel is at a convenient and pre-selected level with respect to the height of the vessel. In operation of the pump, if the level of the barrier fluid in the vessel departs from the pre-selected level as detected by detecting means, the vessel is automatically charge with barrier fluid from a barrier fluid supply, or barrier fluid is automatically discharged from the vessel, as appropriate. The correct level or quantity of barrier fluid in the pump is thereby maintained.

Abstract: An adhesive liquid dispensing apparatus includes a gun manifold, a dispensing module, and a dispensing orifice. The inlet port of the gun manifold is directly coupled with a reservoir of adhesive hot melt liquid that is fixedly attached to the manifold. The contents of the reservoir are under pressure so that the adhesive hot melt liquid is dispensed from the adhesive liquid dispensing apparatus without the need for heated supply hoses to connect the inlet port of the manifold to a remote source of adhesive hot melt liquid. Preferably, the adhesive liquid dispensing system is coupled with a robot that controls the positioning of the system during an adhesive liquid dispensing operation.

Abstract: This drop tube loading arm assembly is adaptable for loading asphalt into tank trailers at marketing terminals. The telescoping drop tube employs guides made of steel rollers of polymers such as fluorocarbon polymers and aluminum. The guides are located in the annular space between the tubes in combination with increased radial clearance between the tubes or sleeves and in combination with protection for the overfill probe. With the addition of vapor control systems and overfill protection probes, the telescoping drop loading spouts are less susceptible to cold weather sticking problems.

Abstract: Drop tube segments are provided. Each drop tube segment may be attached to another drop tube segment of a drop tube assembly. The drop tube segments include a wall with a fastener receiving structure that is devoid of any opening extending between inner and outer surfaces of the wall. Methods of making a drop tube assembly are also provided. The methods include the step of inserting a second end portion of a first conduit over a first end portion of a second conduit while edges of an aperture extend radially outwardly away from an outer surface of a first wall of the first conduit.

Abstract: In a liquid treating equipment to maintain a small amount of liquid to a desired liquid level with constantly supplying an additional liquid into a small capacity vessel, a storage vessel 13 to store the small amount of liquid, an injection tube 16 to inject the small amount of liquid into the storage vessel 16, liquid supplying apparatus 23–25 to supply the small amount of liquid into the storage vessel through the injection tube, a flow path 15 of which one end is joined with the storage vessel, a discharge vessel 14, joined with the storage vessel 13 via the flow path, having a larger surface area than that of the storage vessel, a discharge tube 17 of which the discharging inlet is positioned at the same level position as a desired liquid level of the small amount of liquid in the storage vessel and liquid discharging apparatus 27–29 to discharge the liquid from the discharge vessel through the discharge tube are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, systems, and computer program products to prevent a delivery vehicle from making an unauthorized delivery of liquid product to a liquid product storage tank at a retail store facility. A retail system and/or a centralized inventory management system can monitor one or more tanks at the retail facility for liquid product delivery from the carrier. The retail system and/or the centralized inventory management system can automatically interrupt delivery of liquid product when the delivery vehicle begins to delivery the liquid product to an unauthorized tank.

Abstract: A discharge nozzle for the filling pipe of a motor vehicle fuel tank for the introduction of fuel into the tank includes a check flap which is held by spring loading in a closed position, being caused to bear pivotably against the mouth opening of the nozzle. The check flap is sealed in relation to the mouth opening of the nozzle by way of at least one sealing element with a peripherally extending sealing lip. The sealing lip extends radially outwardly in relation to the cross-section of the discharge mouth opening.

Abstract: A beverage dispenser for filling a container preferably has a nozzle through which the beverage is discharged and a pivoting lever located underneath the nozzle that detects the placement of a container so as to regulate the actuation of the dispenser. A conductive probe is in line with the discharged beverage stream, the lever also being conductive. A signal generator generates a varying-over-time signal that is applied to the probe or lever. As a result of beverage overflowing the container, the beverage stream establishes a conductive path between the probe and lever. The signal through this conductive path is compared to the signal produced by the signal generator. If the signals are substantially identical for a select period of time, the dispensing system is considered to be in an overflow state, and beverage dispensing is terminated.

Abstract: A liquid crystal dispensing system includes a container, a discharge pump, a nozzle, and a control unit. The discharge pump draws in and discharges liquid crystal that is contained in the container. The nozzle dispenses the liquid crystal discharged from the discharge pump onto a substrate. The control unit determines a dispensing amount of liquid crystal based on a spacer height formed at the substrate and to control the discharge pump in order to dispense the determined amount of liquid crystal onto the substrate.

Abstract: A method of estimating composition of fuel in the fuel tank of a vehicle. A refuel event is detected. Fuel consumption is monitored during a plurality of stages after the refuel event. A plurality of fuel trim shift values are determined relative to the stages. The fuel trim shift values are used to estimate a fuel composition change. This method eliminates a need for a hardware fuel composition sensor and also provides dynamic filtering of fuel trim values.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for controllably delivering liquid, preferably foam producing liquid, from a remote supply tank to a holding tank for replenishment of liquid in the holding tank. The apparatus utilizes a pressurized air source of a vehicle to supply the energy to move the liquid. A liquid level sensing, signaling element is adapted to automatically control the filling of the holding tank and terminating operation when the holding tank is no longer being replenished.

Abstract: A fuel tank system includes a fill tube in communication with a tank, and a nozzle guide having surfaces oriented so as to guide a nozzle spout in the nozzle tube during a filling operation of said tank with a fuel. The system also includes a sealing device in the fill tube downstream from the nozzle guide, wherein the sealing device includes at least one lip configured to contact an outer surface of said nozzle spout during said filling operation that seals the fill tube from an outside environment during the filling operation. A vent valve is mounted on the tank, the vent valve being open during the filling operation and during periods of normal use of the tank and being closed at least when the tank is upside down or when the fuel reaches a predetermined level in the tank.

Abstract: A fill limit vent valve assembly includes a cover assembly, a valve assembly and a fill control system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for monitoring a liquid level in a closed tank with a differential pressure sensor module disposed in a bottom portion of the tank, by routing a pressure reference tube extending from the pressure sensor module through the interior of the tank and attaching an opposite, open, vented end of the pressure reference tube to the tank at a point inside of the tank in an upper portion of the tank.

Abstract: An automated medication preparation system including reconstitution of medication and its delivery to a syringe. An automated fluid delivery device that is movable in at least one direction and is adapted to perform at least one of the following operations: receiving and discharging diluent in a prescribed amount to reconstitute the medication in a drug vial; and aspirating and discharging reconstituted medication from the vial into the syringe. Further including a transfer device that includes a first section for piercing a septum of the vial and a second section for releasably mating with the fluid delivery device. The transfer device can remain within the vial for multiple uses without the need to repierce the septum. The transfer device has a first channel for carrying diluent or reconstituted medication and a second channel in fluid communication with a vent formed as part of the transfer device to permit airflow into the vial.

Abstract: A drop tube segment includes a conduit with a first end portion and a second end portion. The drop tube segment further comprises a valve assembly with a valve member associated with the first end portion, a float, and a linkage device pivotally connected with respect to the valve member. The linkage device is adapted for communication with the float such that the float may facilitate in adjusting the position of the valve member with respect to the first end portion of the conduit in response to a liquid level in a liquid reservoir. The drop tube segment further includes a fastening section located at the second end portion of the conduit for fluid tight fastening with an end portion of another drop tube segment. The fastening section comprises a sealing surface and a threaded portion adapted for threaded engagement with a threaded portion of another drop tube segment.

Abstract: A transportable container for high purity, high cost, liquid chemicals capable of maximizing dispensing of the liquid chemical content of the container at deviations from an upright position, comprising; a top wall, a side wall and a bottom wall, the bottom wall having an internal surface contacting liquid chemical with a concave upward contour having a lowest most point axially central to the container, an inlet, an outlet comprising a diptube through which the liquid chemical can be dispensed from said container with an outlet end adjacent the top surface and an inlet terminal end adjacent the lowest most point, a level sensor assembly having an output end adjacent the top surface and a terminal end adjacent the lowest most point; the diptube and the level sensor assembly being more proximate to one another at their terminal ends than their ends adjacent the top surface.

Abstract: To provide an automatic air supply mechanism for a pneumatic tire which can automatically supply air to a pneumatic tire by rotation of the pneumatic tire with respect to an axle when the air pressure in the pneumatic tire becomes a prescribed value or lower. There is provided an axle 101 and a wheel body rotatable with respect to the axle 101. An automatic air supply mechanism 1 is provided on the wheel body. The automatic air supply mechanism 1 has a constant pressure maintaining section 2 and a compression section 3. The constant pressure maintaining section 2 is configured to maintain the air pressure therein at a constant value and connected to the pneumatic tire mounted on the wheel body 110 in air flow communication. The compression section 3 compresses air when the wheel body 110 is rotated with respect to the axle 101 and feeds the compressed air into the constant pressure maintaining section 2.

Abstract: An automatic liquid filling system including a liquid supply, a liquid-retaining structure, and a filling apparatus in fluid communication with the liquid supply and the liquid-retaining structure. The filling apparatus is configured to automatically supply liquid to the liquid-retaining structure when the liquid recedes below a low level that is based on a position of the filling apparatus in relation to the liquid-retaining structure.