Abstract: A process for preparing a treated magnesium and/or magnesium alloy component comprising (A) treating the magnesium and/or magnesium alloy component with a surface treating agent containing a phosphate,

Abstract: The present invention provides a corrosion inhibitor composition for magnesium or magnesium alloys which contains as an effective component, at least one compound selected from among aromatic carboxylic acids and salts thereof as an effective component. Further, the present invention provides a surface treating agent for magnesium and/or magnesium alloy components which contains a phosphate, at least one compound selected from among aromatic carboxylic acids and salts thereof, and further, as required, at least one compound selected from among pyrazole compounds and triazole compounds,and surface-treating method using the surface treating agent.

Abstract: In a method for the pretreatment of work pieces having a surface made of aluminium or aluminium alloys, for non-cutting shaping and/or the connection by welding or gluing to work pieces as well as for a subsequent permanent corrosion-preventing treatment, the work pieces are subjected to a three-stage treatment by a) rinsing with an aqueous, acidic solution containing a mineral acid, b) rinsing with water, c) bringing them into contact with an aqueous, acidic solution which is chromium-free and polymer-free and contains Ti and Zr as complex fluorides in a weight ratio of Ti:Zr of 2:1 to 1:2, in such a way that, after the subsequent drying off, a layer weight of 2 to 15 mg/m2 (calculated as Ti/Zr metal) results, wherein depending on the type of application, solutions having different concentrations and different pH values are used.

Abstract: A treatment method for hydrophilicity for a heat exchanger which can maintain the deodorizing property and hydrohilicity even after a long-time use, and a heat exchanger thus treated for hydrophilicity by said method are provided.

Abstract: Tri-cation zinc phosphate conversion coating compositions are disclosed. The compositions include a phosphate component, ions of nickel, manganese, and zinc, and a glycerophosphate component, such as disodium glycerophosphate. Coatings formed from these compositions provide improved corrosion resistance to metal substrates and provide a uniform layer for the application of paint finishes. Processes of making and using these compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: An article is protected with a wear-resistant coating. The wear-coated article is thereafter treated to produce a chemical conversion coating on any portions of the surface of the article accessible through micropores in the wear-resistant coating. For steel articles, the wear-resistant coating is preferably a titanium nitride-based intermetallic compound such as TiN, Ti2N, (TiAl)N, Ti(CN), (TiAl)(CN), ZrN, and CrN, and the chemical conversion coating is preferably a phosphate-based compound.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to impart coating film adhesion, corrosion resistance and rust prevention to magnesium alloys.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing method for preventing elution of lead in a lead-containing copper alloy to prevent lead from eluting from a faucet metal, etc. made of a lead-containing copper alloy, and a drinking water service fitting made of a lead-containing copper alloy in which elution of lead has been prevented. By forming a chromate film on the surface of a lead-containing copper alloy material, it is possible to reduce elution of the lead left in a limited amount on the surface. A drinking water service fitting made of a lead-containing copper alloy is immersed in an alkaline etching solution in a pre-processing step for a nickel chromium plating step to selectively remove lead on the surface of the lead-containing copper alloy material and is then activated in a solution such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: A method of coating a substrate is provided. A metallic layer comprising at least about 8% nickel is deposited by thermal spraying on a substrate. The metallic layer has an average density greater than about 80%. A slurry layer comprising from about 10% to about 90% aluminum or alloy thereof is deposited on the metallic layer. Heating to a temperature in excess of 500° C. (932° F.) results in the formation of an intermetallic layer of NiAl. The resulting coating is particularly suited for protecting the surfaces of incinerators or other combustion chambers.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a surface-treated steel sheet which has highly balanced corrosion resistance and formability, and satisfies fundamental properties required mainly for steel sheets for automobile body, and a manufacturing method thereof. The surface-treated steel sheet of the invention is excellent in corrosion resistance and formability, comprising an amorphous inorganic film containing at least 5% magnesium and having a weight within a range of from 0.1 to 2.0 g/m2, formed on the surface of a zinc or zinc alloy plated steel sheet; wherein the inorganic film is soluble in an acidic solution and hardly soluble in a neutral or alkaline solution, and a manufacturing method thereof is provided. A zinc phosphate film may be provided between the galvanized steel sheet and the amorphous inorganic film.

Abstract: A high quality lubricant carrier for lubrication in cold plastic working of iron and steel is provided by a process in which the surfaces of objects to be worked are first treated with a surface conditioning liquid composition that contains dispersed fine particles of at least one of a Jernstedt salt, zinc phosphate, zinc calcium phosphate, and calcium phosphate, and is then treated by a phosphatizing solution that contains calcium cations.

Abstract: A process is disclosed in which hot rolled steel articles, such as rail car articles, LP tanks and barge articles are cleaned and conversion coated. The cleaning compositions comprise aqueous phosphoric acid, and the conversion coating compositions comprise aqueous phosphate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition and a process for anticorrosive treatment of the surface of non-ferrous metal. The composition is obtainable by treating an aqueous solution of CrO3 and an inorganic acid with phosphorous acid as a reducing agent until substantially 100% of hexavalent chromium contained in the starting solution is reduced.

Abstract: A process is disclosed in which hot rolled steel articles, such as rail car articles, LP tanks and barge articles are cleaned and conversion coated. The cleaning compositions comprise aqueous phosphoric acid, and the conversion coating compositions comprise aqueous phosphate.

Abstract: An improved method and/or process for preparing and handling formulations useful in metal treatment baths which includes packaging formulations useful in preparing and/or replenishing aqueous-based baths in water soluble pouches or containers. The present invention includes the selection of components effective in treating metallic surfaces, which may be blended and effectively stored in containers or pouches consisting of polyvinylalcohol film. The present invention reduces the necessity or frequency of personal hand contact by workers with these blends.

Abstract: A pretreatment before phosphating conversion coating is effected by contacting a metal substrate to be coated with a pretreatment composition that has a pH from 4 to 13 and contains dispersed fine particle size alkali metal or ammonium salts and divalent or trivalent metal phosphates. The conditioning achieved is as good as with conventional Jernstedt salts and the pretreatment compositions according to the invention are more storage stable.

Abstract: A surface treatment aqueous solution is provided which is superior in corrosion resistance and coating adhesiveness as well as in ability of inhibiting the production of precipitate. A tinned DI can, which has been degreased, is conversion coating processed in a treatment bath filled with a surface treatment aqueous solution containing at least phosphate ions, organophosphonate compound and tin ions with a pH value of 5 or less. After the conversion coating, the DI can is washed with water and dried. A preferable organophosphonate compound is one in which a phosphorus atom constituting a phosphonate group is bonded to a carbon atom.

Abstract: This invention describes the coating of a nickel-phosphorous bond on steel sheets or pipes of common carbon steel with the aim of forming an Fe--Ni--P bond, using a process of diffusion and enabling the resistance of the exhaust gases to corrosion. The deposit, when submitted to continual use of the vehicle, forms an intermetallic layer, which each time protects the substrate against corrosion.

Abstract: A method of treating a potable water supply component, for example a pipe, pipe coupling or tap body, made of a leaded copper-based alloy such as a brass or gun metal, in order to inhibit the leach out of lead from the alloy by potable water during service, comprises treating at least internal surfaces of the component with an aqueous solution of an acid that forms a substantially water insoluble compound with lead. The acid is preferably ortho-phosphoric acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a highly durable surface-conditioning agent for use in a pretreatment step for a phosphate coating treatment of metallic materials, which is an aqueous solution comprising 1 to 50 ppm of titanium ion, 50 to 1,000 ppm or phosphate ion, 50 to 400 ppm of tripolyphosphate ion and 20 to 1,500 ppm of carbonate ion, with a tripolyphosphate ion/titanium ion weight ratio of 10 to 100, and having a pH of 8.5 to 10.0.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for the pre-rinsing of a metal surface prior to phosphating, a method for preparing the composition, and a method for using the composition to pre-condition the metal surface. The composition is an aqueous suspension containing a water-insoluble manganese phosphate having the formula Mn.sub.x X.sub.y H.sub.2 (PO.sub.4).sub.4.nH.sub.2 O, in which X is a divalent metal ion other than manganese, x+y is 5 and x is a positive number of from 1 to 5, y is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and n is less than 4.

Abstract: The invention is a process for applying a phosphate coating to a metal substrate in which the metal substrate is contacted with an aqueous activating bath before the phosphate coating is applied. The improved process is obtained by applying ultrasonic vibration energy to the aqueous activating bath. The ultrasonic energy can be applied to the aqueous activating bath when the aqueous activating bath is in contact with the metal substrate or when the metal substrate is not in contact with the aqueous activating bath.

Abstract: Process in which the said surface is pickled and then treated in two steps, a first treatment step of so-called "amorphous" phosphatization, suitable for depositing a coat of at least 0.2 g/m.sup.2, followed by a second treatment step called "nickel plating".In this way, it is possible to limit the amount of sludge at pickling while at the same time obtaining good adhesion of the enamel.In a complete sequence for manufacturing an article formed from direct-on enameled metal sheet, the sheet may be formed after pickling, especially after the first step called phosphatization and before the second step called nickel plating.

Abstract: A process for forming a protective layer on a rigid surface, such as a metal or wood surface, to provide protection against abrasion, corrosion, heat and fire. The process comprises first preparing the surface of the article. On metal articles, the surface can be prepared by cleaning the surface and then exposing the surface to concentrated phosphoric acid. On wood, the surface can be prepared by thoroughly cleaning the surface with hot water and detergent only. Preferably, the surface is prepared such that a uniform, continuous layer of liquid can be formed thereon. After the surface is prepared, a 10-16% (v/v) silicate-containing solution is then applied for 20 seconds and allowed to dry completely at 305.degree. F. to form a layer of silicate material over the surface. During the drying process, at least a portion of the sodium silicate is converted into silicon dioxide. An acid is then applied to the surface to form the protective layer on the surface.

Abstract: Concentrate for activating and refining bath employed in processes of zinc phosphatization, characterized by the fact that it is based on an aqueous dispersion containing from 2 to 20% by weight of Jernstedt salts, the concentration of titanium in the dispersion consequently being from 140 to 10,000 ppm of Ti, this dispersion in addition containing:a proportion of from 0.2 to 8% by weight of at least one dispersing or sequestering agent anda proportion of from 0.05 to 7% by weight of at least one thickener based on polysaccharide.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of pretreating aluminum or aluminum alloy surfaces before application of a permanent corrosion-protective conversion coating treatment, in particular before phosphating in acidic phosphating baths containing zinc, a chromating treatment, or a chromate free treatment. The method is characterized in that the surfaces are brought into contact with acidic aqueous treatment solutions containing complex fluorides of the elements boron, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium, alone or in mixtures with each other, at total concentrations between 100 and 4000 mg/L and at a pH between 0.3 and 3.5. Following the pretreatment, the aluminum or aluminum alloy parts may, after shaping if necessary, be joined by adhesive bonding and/or welding to each other or to parts made of steel, zinc plated and/or zinc alloy plated steel, and/or aluminum or aluminum alloy plated steel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved titanium containing phosphate composition and a process for preparing the titanium containing phosphate composition. The composition in the form of a dilute aqueous dispersion is useful as a rinse conditioner for activating ferrous, zinc and aluminum metal surfaces prior to the application of phosphate conversion coatings. The rinse conditioner forms stable baths and can be used for activating metal surfaces for extended periods of time.

Abstract: A chromium free conversion coating at least equivalent in corrosion protective quality to conventional chromate conversion coatings can be formed on metals, particularly cold rolled steel, by a dry-in-place aqueous acidic liquid comprising:(A) a component of anions, each of said anions consisting of (i) at least four fluorine atoms and (ii) at least one atom of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, and boron, and, optionally, (iii) ionizable hydrogen atoms, and, optionally, (iv) one or more oxygen atoms;(B) a component of cations of elements selected from the group consisting of cobalt, magnesium, manganese, zinc, nickel, tin, zirconium, iron, and copper; the ratio of the total number of cations of this component to the total number of anions of component (A) being at least 1:5;(C) sufficient free acid to give the composition a pH in the range from 0.5 to 5.

Abstract: A chromium free conversion coating at least equivalent in corrosion protective quality to conventional chromate conversion coatings can be formed on metals, particularly cold rolled steel, by a dry-in-place aqueous acidic liquid comprising:(A) a component of anions, each of said anions consisting of (i) at least four fluorine atoms and (ii) at least one atom of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, and boron, and, optionally, (iii) ionizable hydrogen atoms, and, optionally, (iv) one or more oxygen atoms;(B) a component of cations of elements selected from the group consisting of cobalt, magnesium, manganese, zinc, nickel, tin, zirconium, iron, and copper; the ratio of the total number of cations of this component to the total number of anions of component (A) being at least 1:5;(C) sufficient free acid to give the composition a pH in the range from 0.5 to 5.

Abstract: An aluminum sheet for use in spot welding has an anodic oxide film with a thickness of 50 .mu.m or less on at least one surface thereof. The anodic oxide film is preferably overlaid with a plating layer predominantly comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cr, Co, Ni, Fe, and Mn. The aluminum sheet can be produced by subjecting an aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet to anodic oxidation in an acidic solution having a pH of 4 or less conditions of from 2 to 200 V in voltage and from 0.2 to 200 seconds in duration, optionally followed by electroplating in an acidic plating bath.

Abstract: After preliminary treatment of their surfaces, the parts are brought into contact within a solution containing, essentially, protons, phosphate anions and cations chosen from Ca.sup.2+, Sn.sup.2+ and Mn.sup.2+. The preliminary treatment results in the formation, on the surface, of a layer that comprises, per 1000 atoms, at least 150 atoms of free iron and from 5 to 150 atoms of sulphur, and has a porosity defined by an actual surface area to macroscopic surface area ratio of at least 20. According to an embodiment, these surface characteristics are obtained by nitriding in a bath of molten salts containing sulphur-containing species. According to a second embodiment, these surface characteristics are obtained by nitriding in a bath of molten salts followed by a conventional sulphiding operation. According to a third embodiment, these surface characteristics are obtained by depositing metal, followed by a conventional sulphiding operation.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a metal surface includes covering the portion of the metal surface with a cleaning tape. The cleaning tape is chromium in combination with a fluoride ion source bound together by fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene. This is applied to the portion of the area to be cleaned and is subject to heat treatment at about 1800.degree. F. and a reducing atmosphere of preferably hydrogen. This effectively cleans only the area covered by the tape. Further, the tape and binder format acts to force fluoride ions into the cracks on the surface providing a significantly improved cleaning operation.

Abstract: An otherwise conventional Jernstedt salt dispersion for activating metal surfaces to improve the quality of subsequently deposited phosphate conversion coatings on the activated metal surface is stabilized against deterioration in storage for at least six months by utilizing in the dispersion a mixture of sodium and potassium salts, preferably condensed phosphate salts, in such amounts that the ratio of potassium to titanium is within the range from 8.0:1.0 to 40:1.0 and the ratio of potassium to sodium is within the range from 0.9:1.0 to about 2.5:1.0.

Abstract: A process for forming a protective barrier on metallic or wood surfaces to provide protection against abrasion, corrosion, heat, and fire. The process is begun by first forming a fixed surface on the metallic or wood article. On metallic articles, the fixed surface is formed by cleaning the surface and then exposing the surface to concentrated phosphoric acid. On wood, the fixed surface is formed by thoroughly cleaning the surface with hot water and detergent only. After the fixed surface is prepared, it is then exposed to a 10-16% silicate salt for at least one minute and then allowed to dry completely at 305 degrees Fahrenheit to form a first layer of silicate salt over the fixed surface. During the drying process, a portion of the sodium silicate is converted into silicon dioxide. A plurality of sodium silicate layers are then formed over the first layer of sodium silicate.

Abstract: The activating agent which is based on titanium(IV) phosphate and intended for use in the activation of metal surfaces before a zinc phosphating treatment contains one or more copper compounds and has a Ti:Cu weight ratio of 1:100 to 60:1 and optionally contains in addition at least one of the components consisting of condensed phosphate, silicate, complexing agent, water-soluble organic polymer, thickening agent, and surfactant. It is used to prepare aqueous activating baths for activating iron, steel, galvanized steel, zinc alloy-plated steel, aluminum-plated steel and aluminum before a zinc phosphating treatment, which baths contain 0.001 to 0.060 g/l Ti, 0.020 to 1.2 g/l orthophosphate (calculated as P.sub.2 O.sub.5), and 0.001 to 0.1 g/l Cu and so much alkali that the bath has a pH value of 7 to 11, preferably of 7.5 to 10.

Abstract: A titanium composite material is disclosed which comprises a titanium or titanium alloy substrate, a base layer formed thereon of a calcium phosphate compound resulting from calcination of a hydrochloric or nitric acid aqueous solution of the calcium phosphate compound, and a covering layer thereon of a calcium phosphate compound formed by sintering a suspension of the calcium phosphate compound applied to the base layer. The composite material is useful as a biological implant. It is produced by activating the surface of the substrate, forming the base layer by calcining the solution coated on the substrate and then forming the covering layer by sintering the suspension coated on the base layer. The covering layer may be hydrothermally treated to increase its crystallinity.

Abstract: For phosphating metal surfaces which consist at least in part of aluminum, by means of phosphating solutions which contain zinc, phosphate and fluoride, any titanium which has entered the phosphating solution and would disturb the formation of the layer is precipitated by an addition of SiO-containing compounds and after the precipitate has been removed, the content of free fluoride is readjusted to the required concentration. Particularly suitable compounds which contain SiO, consist of alkali metasilicate, alkali orthosilicate and/or alkali disilicate, preferably used in an amount of 0.05 to 1 g/l of the phosphating solution, or of silica, which is preferably used in an amount of 0.5 to 10 g per liter of the phosphating solution (calc. as Si).

Abstract: A method of producing grain oriented silicon steel sheets each having a low watt loss, at an inexpensive cost and a high operational efficiency, wherein surfaces of each silicon steel sheet are given a mirror surface is disclosed. After completion of a finish annealing, forsterite films on the surface of each grain oriented silicon steel sheet are removed therefrom, and thereafter, the silicon steel sheet is annealed within the temperature range of 1000.degree. C. or higher in an atmosphere composed of a mixture gas comprising 20 to 80% by volume of hydrogen gas and 0 to 80% by volume of an inert gas, whereby surfaces of the silicon steel sheet are given a mirror surface. Subsequently, tensile stress additive films are formed on the surfaces of the silicon steel sheet, and consequently, the resultant silicon steel sheet exhibits a remarkably reduced watt loss.

Abstract: Effective, titanium-free agents for activating metal surfaces prior to phosphating these surfaces with phosphating baths containing zinc ions can be made by reacting alkali metal phosphates with 1,1-diphosphonic acids and their alkali metal slats and/or poly(aldehydocarboxylic acids) and their alkali metal salts.

Abstract: Compositions and process for activating metal surfaces prior to coating with zinc phosphate are disclosed. A Jernstedt salt concentrate is provided which can be employed to prepare Jernstedt salt baths of the type desired by combining the concentrate with additional alkali metal phosphate. Improved activation of metal surfaces are achieved by incorporating a chloride ion producing compound in the activating bath.

Abstract: A method for making a dark, adherent coating on exposed metal surfaces of a color-selection electrode assembly of a CRT includes the steps of applying a first solution of aqueous phosphoric acid to the metal surfaces of the assembly; contacting the metal surfaces with a second solution of selenium dioxide and methanol; rinsing the assembly; and then, applying a sealing solution to the surfaces of the assembly.

Abstract: A method for applying a phosphate conversion coating atop an iron-rare earth-boron alloy not normally susceptible to phosphating includes the step of applying a compatible metal layer to the alloy substrate before phosphatizing. The metal layer can be an alloy or an elemental metal, preferably zinc or nickel, and optimally nickel. The rare earth in the alloy is optimally neodymium. Any of the conventionally known metal coating and phosphating procedures can be generally employed in the method of the invention. An article having an iron-rare earth-boron substrate and a phosphate conversion coating atop the substrate, preferably formed as the product of the disclosed method, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Effective, titanium-free agents for activating metal surfaces prior to phosphating these surfaces with phosphating baths containing zinc ions can be made by reacting alkali metal phosphates with 1,1-diphosphonic acids and their alkali metal salts and/or poly(aldehydocarboxylic acids) and their alkali metal salts.

Abstract: Compositions and process for activating metal surfaces prior to coating with zinc phosphate are disclosed. A Jernstedt salt concentrate is provided which can be employed to prepare Jernstedt salt baths of the type desired by combining the concentrate with additional alkali metal phosphate. Improved activation of metal surfaces are achieved by incorporating a chloride ion producing compound in the activating bath.

Abstract: A procedure for the application of PTFE-based, self-lubricating coating on a steel bearing element whose chrome and nickel contents are less than 5%, is disclosed. The procedure is characterized by a working process whereby the element undergoes a preparatory treatment during which crystal nuclei form, followed by phosphatization treatment which forms a microcrystalline layer composed of an iron and manganese compound, then by the application of PTFE on the surface and between the crystals.

Abstract: An inhibitor composition of sodium hexametaphosphate and a water soluble orthophosphate, together with a pH adjusting, water-soluble alkali, effectively prevents corrosion of metal surfaces by sodium chloride brines. This corrosion inhibitor can be used to prevent corrosion of motor vehicles and steel reinforcing members and structures by brines formed by roadway deicing salt.

Abstract: Activation of metal surfaces prior to phosphating can be improved by using aqueous dispersions of polymeric titanium(IV) phosphates in which at least 95% by weight of the polymeric particles have a particle diameter of less than 200 nm. This low particle diameter is attained by adding a titanium(IV)-complexing agent before or during an otherwise conventional reaction between a titanium(IV) compound, acid or phosphate, and water. The complexing agent is used in an amount of less than the stoichiometric amount, based on the titanium(IV) content. The best complexing agents are poly(aldehydocarboxylic acids), 1,1-diphosphonic acids, and/or the alkali metal salts of these types of acids.

Abstract: The power handling capacity of nickel-iron-based flat tensioned foil shadow masks for flat faceplate cathode ray tubes (CRTs) is enhanced by providing the flat tensioned mask (FTM) with a thin surface layer which is enriched in nickel, which is converted to a nickel phosphide compound. The nickel phosphide surface layer is formed on the mask by immersing the mask in a first bath of a strong reducing acid followed by immersing the mask in a second strong reducing acid having an effective amount of hypophosphite ion. The thin surface layer of a nickel phosphide compound increases the FTM emissivity and reduces FTM color impurity at high electron beam energies. The nickel phosphide compound may be stabilized in the frit-lehr cycle during CRT assembly or in a separate heating operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition and process for metal finishing involving the formation of zinc phosphate coatings of desired morphology on a ferrous surface. The inclusion of a hydroxylamine agent in the phosphating bath expands the range of zinc concentrations over which the desired coating morphology is obtained. Zinc and aluminum surface can also be coated with this composition and process.

Abstract: This process for treating surfaces of products dip-coated in a bath of molten zinc and aluminum, and intended to be phosphated, involves pickling, preceding the phosphating, with a highly alkaline solution of high pH and containing zinc in solution. The process applies chiefly to products whose coating contains a high proportion of aluminum, particularly in the case of galvanized sheet metal, which it makes easier to phosphate. It is used for painted sheet metal for motor vehicles.