Abstract: A method for hot forming a steel component is provided. The steel component is heated into a range of complete or partial austenitization in a heat treatment step. The heated steel component is both hot-formed and quench-hardened in a forming step. A first pretreatment step precedes the heat treatment step in terms of process, in which first pretreatment step the steel component is provided with a corrosion-resistant protective layer in order to protect against scaling in the heat treatment step. Before the heat treatment step is performed, a surface oxidation process occurs in a second pre-treatment step, in which a weakly reactive, corrosion-resistant oxidation layer is formed on the scale protection layer by means of which oxidation layer abrasive tool wear is reduced in the forming step.

Abstract: A high-strength cold-rolled steel sheet includes, as a component composition, by mass %: C: 0.075% to 0.300%; Si: 0.30% to 2.50%; Mn: 1.30% to 3.50%; P: 0.001% to 0.050%; S: 0.0001% to 0.0100%; Al: 0.001% to 1.500%; and N: 0.0001% to 0.0100%, in which a surface microstructure contains residual austenite of 3% to 10% and ferrite of 90% or less by volume fraction, an inner microstructure at a depth of t/4 from the surface assuming that a sheet thickness is t contains residual austenite of 3% to 20% by volume fraction, a ratio Hvs/Hvb between a surface hardness Hvs of the steel sheet surface and a hardness Hvb at a depth of ¼ of the thickness is more than 0.75 to 0.90, and a maximum tensile strength is 700 MPa or more.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inorganic aqueous surface treatment agent for a single-face electrogalvanized, chromium free surface treated steel plate, a single-face electrogalvanized, chromium-free surface treated steel plate used for fuel tanks and a process of making the same.

Abstract: An organic-coated, chrome-plated fastener includes a fastener body having one or more friction regions that are adapted to slidably engage another structure when the fastener is used for fastening. Some or all of the fastener body may be chrome-plated, including at least one of the friction regions. The at least one chrome-plated friction region may be coated with an organic composition that is selected to control a coefficient of friction of the at least one chrome-plated friction region.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing solution used for forming a hexavalent chromium free, black conversion film, which is applied onto the surface of zinc or zinc alloy plating layers, and which has corrosion resistance identical to or higher than that achieved by the conventional hexavalent chromium-containing conversion film.

Abstract: The invention refers to a process for producing an anticorrosive coating in which a surface to be treated is brought into contact with an aqueous treatment solution containing chromium(III) ions and at least one phosphate compound and an organosol. The corrosive protection of metal surfaces, in particular those containing zinc and zinciferous surfaces with conversion layers is improved. The decorative and functional properties of the surfaces are retained or improved. In addition, the well-known problems associated with the use of compounds containing chromium(VI) or with multi-stage processes are avoided in which a passivation layer containing chromium ions and a sealing are applied one after the other.

Abstract: A process for making a corrosion-resistant metal component. The process having the steps of: combining water, at least one zinc phosphate compound and at least one chromium compound, being chromium (III) or chromium (IV) compounds, to form a first solution; separately combining at least one silicate compound with water to form a second solution; combining the first solution with the second solution such as to form a mixed aqueous solution; optionally combining the mixed aqueous solution with at least one acrylic resin to form a coating mixture; and, applying the coating mixture to a metal substrate having a zinc or zinc-alloy surface to form a coating on the metal substrate, the coating providing chemical resistance for at least 150 hours in accordance with ASTM B117 standards where the zinc or zinc-alloy coating of the metal substrate has a weight of 0.04 oz/ft2 (12.20 g/m2).

Abstract: A method for adhesively bonding a metallic substrate and a component together includes treating the metallic substrate to form an oxide layer thereon, treating the oxide layer with a conversion coating solution to form a bond promoter coating on the oxide layer, and depositing an adhesive material on the bond promoter coating to bond the component and the metallic substrate together.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing solution used for forming a hexavalent chromium free, black conversion film, which is applied onto the surface of zinc or zinc alloy plating layers, and which has corrosion resistance identical to or higher than that achieved by the conventional hexavalent chromium-containing conversion film. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing solution for forming a hexavalent chromium free, black conversion film on zinc or zinc alloy plating layers, the processing solution comprising: nitrate ions and trivalent chromium in a mole ratio (NO3?/Cr3+) of less than 0.

Abstract: A corrosion-inhibiting coating, process, and system that provides a tight, adherent zinc- or zinc-alloy coating that is directly deposited onto steel or cast iron surfaces for enhanced corrosion protection. A process for applying the coating is also provided. The process includes the application of two sequential aqueous baths. The first bath contains a precursor zinc compound while the second bath contains a reducing agent to deposit the zinc directly upon the steel or cast iron.

Abstract: A treatment solution that is used to form a chemical coating of trivalent chromium free of hexavalent chromium having uniform black appearance and good corrosion resistance on the surface of zinc or zinc alloy and that attains prolongation of treatment bath lifetime; and a method of forming a black trivalent chromium chemical coating on the surface of zinc or zinc alloy. There is provided a treatment solution for forming of a black trivalent chromium chemical coating on zinc or zinc alloy, comprising trivalent chromium ions, a chelating agent capable of forming a water-soluble complex with trivalent chromium, zinc ions, a sulfur compound and phosphite ions.

Abstract: A polymer battery module packaging sheet includes, as essential components, a base layer (61), an aluminum layer (62), chemical conversion coatings (64a, 64b) coating the opposite surfaces of the aluminum layer (62), and an innermost layer (63). The chemical conversion coatings (64a, 64b) are formed by processing the opposite surfaces of the aluminum layer (62) by a phosphate treatment method. The base layer (61) and the innermost layer (63) are bonded to the chemical conversion coatings (64a, 64b) of the aluminum layer (62) with adhesive layers (65a, 65b), respectively.

Abstract: A plating solution containing zinc, an electrically conductive salt, an adsorbent, and at least one of mono- to hexavalent metal ions. A treatment using either a solution which contains, all per liter, 2–60 g Zn, 40–300 g caustic alkali, 0.01–50 g adsorbent, 0.002–10 g Fe, 0.002–10 g Co, 0.05–30 g Mn, 0.001–2 g Cu, 0.005–10 g Ni, 0.002–3 g of at least one chosen from among Mo, W, V, Ti, Al, Ca, Ba, and Sn, and 0.01–30 g aliphatic amine or aliphatic amine polymer or a solution which contains, all per liter, 2–40 g Zn, 40–170 g caustic alkali, 0.01–50 g adsorbent, either 0.001–3 g Fe and 0.001–3 g Co or 0.005–5 g Fe and 0.005–5 g Ni, and 0.01–30 g aliphatic amine or aliphatic amine polymer.

Abstract: A chromium(VI)-free, chromium(III)-containing and substantially coherent conversion layer on zinc or zinc alloys presenting, even in the absence of further components such as silicate, cerium, aluminum and borate, a corrosion protection of approx. 100 to 1000 h in the salt spray test according to DIN 50021 SS or ASTM B 117-73 until first attack according to DIN 50961 Chapter 10; being clear, transparent and substantially colorless and presenting multi colored iridescence; having a layer thickness of approx. 100 nm to 1000 nm; and being hard, adhering well and being resistant to wiping.

Abstract: A corrosion-inhibiting coating, process, and system that provides a tight, adherent zinc- or zinc-alloy coating that is directly deposited onto steel or cast iron surfaces for enhanced corrosion protection. A process for applying the coating is also provided. The process includes the application of two sequential aqueous baths. The first bath contains a precursor zinc compound while the second bath contains a reducing agent to deposit the zinc directly upon the steel or cast iron.

Abstract: A rustproofing agent for a zinc plated steel sheet is provided which contains (A) a chromium aqueous solution containing an organic substance and (B) an acid metal such as a metal salt of nitric acid or phosphoric acid. All of the chromium in the chromium aqueous solution of component. A is trivalent chromium. It is preferable if the organic substance in component A contains at least one type of oxy acid or oxide thereof. The metal in the acid metal salt of component B is an alkaline earth metal, cobalt, nickel, iron, zirconium, titanium, etc. It is also preferable if (C) a water-dispersible silica is contained as an additional component. The present invention also provides a zinc plated steel sheet, in which at least one side of the surface of a zinc plated steel sheet is coated with the zinc plated steel sheet rustproofing agent and the rustproofing agent dried to form a coating with a dry coating weight of 0.01 to 3 g/m2.

Abstract: A surface-treated steel sheet includes a steel sheet, an Al—Zn-base alloy plating layer formed on the steel sheet, a chemical conversion film provided on the alloy plating layer, and a concentric layer of a Cr compound that is formed on the alloy plating layer of the chemical conversion film. The surface-treated steel sheet may include a steel sheet, an zinc-base plating layer formed on the steel sheet, and a film that contains chromium and calcium and that is formed on the zinc-base plating layer.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing method for preventing elution of lead in a lead-containing copper alloy to prevent lead from eluting from a faucet metal, etc. made of a lead-containing copper alloy, and a drinking water service fitting made of a lead-containing copper alloy in which elution of lead has been prevented. By forming a chromate film on the surface of a lead-containing copper alloy material, it is possible to reduce elution of the lead left in a limited amount on the surface. A drinking water service fitting made of a lead-containing copper alloy is immersed in an alkaline etching solution in a pre-processing step for a nickel chromium plating step to selectively remove lead on the surface of the lead-containing copper alloy material and is then activated in a solution such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface-treated steel sheet coated with a chromate layer having excellent corrosion resistance, fuel resistance and seam weldability, and a chromate solution used for preparing the surface-treated steel sheet. Specifically, the chromate solution of the present invention comprises (a) a main solution prepared by adding to a chrome solution having 0.4 to 0.8 of trivalent chrome composition and 7 to 50 g/l of dissolved chrome, on the basis of the chrome in the chrome solution, 50 to 80 w % of phosphate, 20 to 40 w % of fluoric acid, 300 to 2000 w % of colloidal silica, 5 to 15 w % of sulfuric acid, and 25 to 40 w % of sodium phosphate, and (b) a hardener solution containing added epoxy silane or glycidyl silane of 2 to 10 w % on the basis of total hardener solution, the pH of which is controlled between 2 and 3, wherein 10 to 60 w % of the hardener solution being added to the main solution.

Abstract: A process for treating a chromium coating and/or the surface of a chromium alloy to increase hardness, and/or to decrease coefficient of friction; chromium alloys and/or chromium coatings with surfaces having increased hardness and/or decreased coefficient of friction; and, components comprising chromium alloys and/or chromium coatings with surfaces having increased hardness and/or decreased coefficient of friction.

Abstract: Metal surfaces, particularly the zinciferous surfaces of zinc-coated steel, can be given a chromate conversion coating that is superior in terms of blackening resistance and white rust resistance by drying into place on the surfaces a layer of a treatment liquid that contains water, hexavalent chromium atoms, trivalent chromium cations, nitrate ions and one or more types of metal ions selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Zn and Al, the molar ratio of the total of these metal ions to nitrate ions being in the range from 0.05 to 1.0, the molar ratio of trivalent chromium ions to hexavalent chromium atoms being in the range of 0.11:1.0 to 1.0:1.0, and the molar ratio of nitrate ions to total chromium atoms being in the range of 2.1 to 5.5. Preferably, the coating formed has a chromium content of 10 to 100 mg/m2.

Abstract: A surface-treated sheet for fuel tanks includes a cold-rolled steel sheet with a low carbon content, a zinc or zinc-based alloy plating layer formed on the steel sheet, and a chromate film coated on the zinc or zinc-based alloy plating layer. The chromate film is formed from a chromate solution. The chromate solution includes a subject solution and an aqueous silane solution in an amount ranging from 5 to 50% by weight of the subject solution. The subject solution contains a chrome aqueous solution where the concentration of chrome is in the range of 5-50 g/l and the ratio of trivalent chrome to the chrome content is in the range of 0.4 to 0.8.

Abstract: A composition and method for coating and touching up a metal surface is provided. The composition contains from about 0.5 to about 240 millimoles per kilograms of a fluorometallate ion, from about 0.5 grams/liters to about 10 grams/liter of phosphorous-containing inorganic oxy anions calculated at their stoichiometric equivalent as H3PO4; from about 0.05 g/l to about 3.5 g/l of hexavalent chromium and from about 0.10 g/l to about 2.20 g/l of trivalent chromium ions.

Abstract: In a chromating solution comprising a water-soluble chromium compound and a reducing agent and in which hexavalent chromium ions produced by dissolution of the water-soluble chromium compound have been partly reduced with the reducing agent to trivalent chromium ions, an oxycarboxylic acid compound is used as the reducing agent. This chromating solution causes neither gelation nor sedimentation of the solution even when hexavalent chromium ions are reduced to trivalent chromium ions at a reduction percentage of more than 50%. The chromating solution and a chromate film formed on a steel sheet may also contain an organic resin, phosphoric acid or a phosphoric acid compound, or a silica sol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition and a process for anticorrosive treatment of the surface of non-ferrous metal. The composition is obtainable by treating an aqueous solution of CrO3 and an inorganic acid with phosphorous acid as a reducing agent until substantially 100% of hexavalent chromium contained in the starting solution is reduced.

Abstract: A chromium(VI)-free, chromium(III)-containing and substantially coherent conversion layer on zinc or zinc alloys presenting, even in the absence of further components such as silicate, cerium, aluminum and borate, a corrosion protection of approx. 100 to 1000 h in the salt spray test according to DIN 50021 SS or ASTM B 117-73 until first attack according to DIN 50961 Chapter 10; being clear, transparent and substantially colorless and presenting multi-colored iridescence; having a layer thickness of approx. 100 nm to 1000 nm; and being hard, adhering well and being resistant to wiping.

Abstract: A heat curable bonding composition of the present invention comprises an aqueous solution containing phosphate ion (PO4−3) and chromium(III) ion (Cr+3, or trivalent chromium) and is substantially free of hexavalent chromium ions. The bonding composition may further contain at least one secondary cationic species. The bonding composition has a pH in the range of about 1 to about 3.5.

Abstract: In a chromating solution comprising a water-soluble chromium compound and a reducing agent and in which hexavalent chromium ions produced by dissolution of the water-soluble chromium compound have been partly reduced with the reducing agent to trivalent chromium ions, an oxycarboxylic acid compound is used as the reducing agent. This chromating solution causes neither gelation nor sedimentation of the solution even when hexavalent chromium ions are reduced to trivalent chromium ions at a reduction percentage of more than 50%. The chromating solution and a chromate film formed on a steel sheet may also contain an organic resin, phosphoric acid or a phosphoric acid compound, or a silica sol.

Abstract: An improved aluminide coating especially for superalloy substrates. Slurry coating compositions of eutectic metal alloy powders and of non-eutectic metal powders, including an elemental powder of a silicide-former in a heat-curable liquid binder. A process for coating the substrates and the coated metal parts. The coatings have improved resistance to developing cracks and to hot corrosion and oxidation.

Abstract: A metallic surface treating solution characterized in that it is an aqueous solution at pH 0.1 to 6.5 comprising a source of at least one selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, Ce, Sr, and trivalent chromium, an oxidizing substance source, and an oxyacid or oxyacid salt of phosphorus or its anhydride, a surface treating method using the treating solution, and metals thereby treated on the surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an applicator for flowable materials which comprises a generally cylindrical housing having a chamber, a discharge opening, a wick projecting through said discharge opening, and a projecting structure for shielding the user from flowable materials and for preventing placement of the applicator in inappropriate receptacles. Further, the present invention relates to a storage and shipping rack for said applicators and to a method of dispensing flowable materials onto a surface. Preferably, the applicator is filled with metal coating and treating compositions such as aqueous acidic chromate compositions. Most preferably, the acidic compositions contain a very low concentration of a fluorinated surfactant.

Abstract: A concentrated aqueous solution containing:(A) a component of dissolved phosphate ions;(B) a component of dissolved hexavalent chromium;(C) a component of dissolved anions selected from the group consisting of BF.sub.4.sup.-, AlF.sub.6.sup.-3, SiF.sub.6.sup.-2, TiF.sub.6.sup.-2, FeF.sub.6.sup.-3, SnF.sub.6.sup.-2, ZrF.sub.6.sup.-2, and HfF.sub.6.sup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an applicator for flowable materials which comprises a generally cylindrical housing having a chamber, a discharge opening, a wick projecting through said discharge opening, and a projecting structure for shielding the user from flowable materials and for preventing placement of the applicator in inappropriate receptacles. Further, the present invention relates to a storage and shipping rack for said applicators and to a method of dispensing flowable materials onto a surface. Preferably, the applicator is filled with metal coating and treating compositions such as aqueous acidic chromate compositions. Most preferably, the acidic compositions contain a very low concentration of a fluorinated surfactant.

Abstract: A zinc-base galvanized sheet steel which comprises zinc-base plated sheet steel and, formed on the plating layer surface, an inorganic covering layer which contains at least one inorganic oxide in an amount of 1-500 mg/m.sup.2 in terms of the weight of metallic elements exclusive of oxygen and optionally contains at least one oxoacid or inorganic oxide colloid in an amount of 1-500 mg/m.sup.2 and further, as desired for improving weldability, a Zn oxide film formed between the inorganic covering layer and the zinc-base plating layer, and the process for producing said galvanized sheet steel.

Abstract: A highly corrosion-resistant, highly alkali-resistant, and very paintable chromate film on the surface of a steel substrate coated with Zn-containing metal is formed by coating the substrate with an aqueous chromate bath and drying into place, preferably at a substrate temperature of 60.degree. to 200.degree. C., without a water rinse. The bath contains Cr.sup.6+, Cr.sup.3+, phosphate ions, water-soluble glycol ether (WSGE) and/or poly{vinyl alcohol} (PVA), and optionally silica sol, in amounts giving ratios of Cr.sup.3+ /Cr.sup.6+ =0.25 to 4.0, PO.sub.4 /total Cr=0.1 to 2.5, and (WSGE+PVA)/Cr.sup.6+ =0.1 to 0.5 in the bath.

Abstract: The paint adhesion and corrosion resistance of surfaces of aluminum and its alloys, particularly when using a paint based on poly{vinyl chloride}, is improved by using a conversion coating solution having a pH in the range from 1.0 to 3.0 and consisting essentially of water and:(A) an amount of phosphate ions that is stoichiometrically equivalent to at least 5.0 g/L of phosphoric acid;(B) at least 1.0 g/L of hexavalent chromium;(C) at least 0.1 g/L of fluoride ions; and(D) a complex fluoride ion component selected from the group consisting of:(i) at least 4.0 g/L of fluosilicate ions,(ii) at least 0.5 g/L of fluoborate ions,(iii) at least 2.0 g/L of fluozirconate ions, and(iv) at least 2.0 g/L of fluotitanate ions.

Abstract: A method is described for preparing a black chromium-containing conversion coating on a zinc-nickel alloy surface containing at least about 8% nickel in the alloy or on a zinc-iron alloy surface. The method of the invention comprises contacting said surfaces with an aqueous acidic solution comprising trivalent chromium and an amount of a phosphorus acid selected from phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, and mixtures thereof effective to provide a solution having a pH of from about 1.0 to about 2.5. Metal articles having zinc-nickel alloy surfaces containing at least about 8 % nickel in the alloy or having zinc-iron alloy surfaces which have been treated in accordance with the method of the invention exhibit the desired blackened surfaces and are characterized by improved corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A method is described for producing an iridescent chromium coating on a zinc-nickel alloy surface containing at least about 8% nickel in the alloy. The method of the invention comprises(A) contacting said surface with an aqueous acidic solution maintained at a temperature of from about 38.degree. C. to about 75.degree. C., wherein the solution comprises trivalent chromium as substantially the only chromium ion present, and a phosphorus acid selected from phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to provide a solution having a pH of from about 1.0 to about 2.5; and(B) drying the surface.Metal articles having zinc-nickel alloy surfaces containing at least about 8% nickel in the alloy which have been treated in accordance with the method of the invention exhibit the desired iridescent coating and are characterized by improved corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A chromate conversion coating with excellent cold workability and protection against corrosion after subsequent painting can be formed on metal surfaces, particularly on galvanized steel sheet, by drying in place on the metal an amount of an acidic aqueous composition comprising (A) from 4.0 to 51.0 g/L of hexavalent chromium; (B) from 6.0 to 38.0 g/L of trivalent chromium; (C) from 0.5 to 97.0 g/L of phosphate ions; (D) a component selected from the group consisting of sulfate ions, nitrate ions, fluoride ions, and mixtures thereof; and (E) a component selected from the group consisting of cations of Cu, Co, Ni, Sn, Fe, and Pb and mixtures thereof, wherein the trivalent chromium/hexavalent chromium weight ratio is in the range from 0.2 to 1.4. Preferably the amount of aqueous composition used is such as to produce a chromium add-on of from 20-160 mg/m.sup.2.

Abstract: A chromating treatment composition particularly suitable for preparing aluminum and stainless steel for clear coating comprises water, anions containing hexavalent chromium, trivalent chromium cations, phosphate ions, dry process finely divided silica, and acrylic and/or methacrylic acid polymer or copolymer in such amounts that:(A) the concentration of the total of hexavalent and trivalent chromium atoms is in the range from 1 to 60 g/L;(B) the (trivalent chromium atom)/(hexavalent chromium atom) weight ratio is in the range from 0.6 to 2.5;(C) the (phosphate ion)/(total chromium atoms in hexavalent chromium ions and trivalent chromium ions) weight ratio is in the range from 0.5 to 4.5;(D) the (dry process silica)/(total chromium atoms in hexavalent chromium ions and trivalent chromium ions) weight ratio is in the range from 0.1 to 5.

Abstract: A method is described for producing an iridescent chromium coating on a zinc-nickel alloy surface containing at least about 8% nickel in the alloy. The method of the invention comprises(A) contacting said surface with an aqueous acidic solution maintained at a temperature of from about 38.degree. C. to about 75.degree. C., wherein the solution comprises trivalent chromium as substantially the only chromium ion present, and a phosphorus acid selected from phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to provide a solution having a pH of from about 1.0 to about 2.5; and(B) drying the surface.Metal articles having zinc-nickel alloy surfaces containing at least about 8% nickel in the alloy which have been treated in accordance with the method of the invention exhibit the desired iridescent coating and are characterized by improved corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a metal surface includes covering the portion of the metal surface with a cleaning tape. The cleaning tape is chromium in combination with a fluoride ion source bound together by fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene. This is applied to the portion of the area to be cleaned and is subject to heat treatment at about 1800.degree. F. and a reducing atmosphere of preferably hydrogen. This effectively cleans only the area covered by the tape. Further, the tape and binder format acts to force fluoride ions into the cracks on the surface providing a significantly improved cleaning operation.

Abstract: A chromating composition including hexavalent and trivalent chromium, phosphate ions, silica, and a silane coupling agent and with ratios among its components within certain specified ranges produces a protective layer on the surface of zinc coated steel treated with the composition that has an excellent alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, coatability, and welding tolerance.

Abstract: A multilayer pipe surface coating for water system elements requiring high corrosion resistance includes at least one conversion layer and one thermosetting synthetic resin layer.

Abstract: A process for obtaining a multilayer material suitable for transformation by drawing or drawing and ironing into a hollow body having a height to diameter ratio greater than 2.5. The process comprises subjecting an aluminum alloy substrate to an anodizing or chemical conversion surface treatment for improving adherence thereto, covering one of the surfaces of the substrate by adhering a plastic material film thereto, and covering the other of the surfaces with a coating of varnish including a solid lubricant in the form of particles which are harder than the varnish. The coated substrate is subsequently drawn or drawn and ironed into a hollow body utilizing tools having a hardness which is greater than the particles.

Abstract: There is provided a method of treating a copper or copper alloy substrate to provide improved resistance to both oxidation and to chemical attack. The substrate is immersed in an aqueous solution containing both chromium (VI) ion and phosphate ions. The treatment is particularly effective for protecting imaged printed circuit boards during storage, handling and use.

Abstract: A process for forming a chromium/silica/phosphate protective conversion coating on a metal surface is improved by pretreating the surface with a composition comprising at least one of (i) H.sub.2 TiF.sub.6, (ii) H.sub.2 SiF.sub.6, and (iii) a derivative of poly{alkenylphenol} before applying the conversion coating. The process of the invention results in a protective base coating having superior adhesion to paint at a relatively high coating weight which is desirable for improved corrosion resistance. This process is especially useful in forming such protective conversion coatings on continuous cast aluminum surfaces.

Abstract: A chromating liquid for forming a chromate film on a Zn or Zn-alloy plated steel sheet, is prepared by adding and mixing a silane coupling agent in a molar ratio of from 0.05 to 0.3 relative to Cr.sup.6+ contained in an aqueous chromating liquid which contains 1-30 g/l of Cr.sup.6+ and 1-30 g/l of Cr.sup.3+ at a weight ratio of Cr.sup.6+ /Cr.sup.3+ ranging from 0.1 to 2.0; and further contains 1-59 g/l of hydrofluoric acid and 1-59 g/l of phosphoric acid at total of hydrofluoric acid and phosphoric acid ranging from 2 to 60 g/l and at a weight ratio of (fluoride ions+phosphate ions)/Cr.sup.3+ ranging from 0.5 to 3.5. and, further said chromating liquid is applied on a surface of the zinc-based plated steel sheet and is then dried, thereby forming the chromate film having a coating amount of from 10 to 150 mg/m.sup.2 in terms of the chromium.

Abstract: A metallic surface treating solution characterized in that it is an aqueous solution at pH 0.1 to 6.5 comprising a source of at least one selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, Ce, Sr, and trivalent chromium, an oxidizing substance source, and an oxyacid or oxyacid salt of phosphorus or its anhydride, a surface treating method using the treating solution, and metals thereby treated on the surface.

Abstract: A composition and method for coating and touching up a metal surface is provided. The composition contains from about 0.5 to about 240 millimoles per kilogram of a fluorometallate ion, from about 0.5 grams/liters to about 10 grams/liter of phosphorous-containing inorganic oxy anions calculated at their stoichiometric equivalent as H3PO4; from about 0.05 g/l to about 3.5 g/l of hexavalent chromium and from about 0.10 g/l to about 2.20 g/l of trivalent chromium ions and a surfactant.