Abstract: A seal having a body defining an inner surface and an outer surface. The seal includes a layer of coating deposited on the body, the layer of coating including a material exhibiting oleophobic and hydrophobic properties for both the inner surface and the outer surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process alternative to the zinc phosphating and phosphodegreasing processes, which comprises: >Zinc phosphating replacement a. a step of alkaline degreasing of the article to be phosphated; b. a first wash with tap water; c. a second wash with demineralized water; d. a conversion treatment in a bath containing zirconium salts, phosphates, fluoride complexes, ammonia, at least one corrosion inhibitor, at least one process accelerator, at least one sequestering agent, a reaction sludge thickening system, and optionally, titanium and vanadium compounds; e. a final wash before treatment of the article in the oven. >Phosphodegreasing process replacement a. a conversion treatment in a bath containing zirconium salts, phosphates, fluoride complexes, ammonia, at least one corrosion inhibitor, at least one process accelerator, at least one sequestering agent, at least one surfactant, a reaction sludge thickening system, and optionally, titanium and vanadium compounds; b. a wash with tap water; c.

Abstract: A process for multilayer coating of a metal substrate includes pretreating the metal substrate with an acidic aqueous composition comprising phosphate ions and/or a water-soluble titanium and/or zirconium compound, and water. The pretreated metal substrate optionally is flashed off and a surfacer layer of an organic-solvent based surfacer coating composition is applied. The organic-solvent based surfacer coating composition includes a polyaspartic acid ester, a polyisocyanate cross-linking agent with free isocyanate groups, a pigment and/or extender, and an organic solvent. The surfacer layer is cured.

Abstract: A multistage method for treatment of composite metal structures containing metallic surfaces of aluminum, zinc and optionally iron, is provide wherein in a first step, selective zinc phosphating of zinc and ferrous surfaces proceeds using a phosphating solution containing a quantity of water-soluble inorganic silicon compounds sufficient to suppress white spot formation on zinc, but less than the quantity where zinc phosphating loses selectivity. In a following second step, aluminum surfaces are passivated with an acidic treatment solution. Also provided is a zinc phosphating solution suitable for said method containing at least 0.025 g/l, but less than 1 g/l of silicon as water-soluble inorganic compounds calculated as SiF6, wherein the product (Si/mM)·(F/mM) of the concentration of silicon [Si in mM] in the form of water-soluble inorganic compounds and the concentration of free fluoride [F in mM] divided by the free acid point number is no greater than 5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for applying manages phosphate layers to iron or steel surfaces using phosphating solutions containing manganese, phosphate, iron (II) ions as well as nitroguinidine, as well as its application to workpieces that are subject to sliding friction.

Abstract: The present invention provides metallic materials for electronic components, having low degree of whisker formation, low adhesive wear property and high durability, and connector terminals, connectors and electronic components using such metallic materials.

Abstract: A metal material is contacted with a treatment solution containing zirconium and/or titanium compound, and a polyamine compound having a number average molecular weight from 150 to 500,000 and containing from 0.1 mmol to 17 mmol of primary and/or secondary amino group per 1 g of solid content and at least one siloxane unit. Concentration of zirconium and/or titanium compound in the metal surface treatment composition is from 10 ppm to 10,000 ppm with respect to the metal element, and mass ratio of the zirconium and/or titanium element is from 0.1 to 100 with respect to the polyamine compound. The metal material is washed with water after contacted by the treatment solution.

Abstract: A tin or tin alloy plating film surface treatment aqueous solution that can reduce whiskers on the surface of a tin or tin alloy plating film, and can provide a favorable tin or tin alloy plating film using a simple method for tin or tin alloy plating films that are used on electronic components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for improving the heat and corrosion resistance of stainless steel by means of a novel passivation process. This process comprises a chemical treatment with an aqueous solution comprising a complexing agent combination of at least one oxidant, a subsequent rinsing and a subsequent treatment at elevated temperature in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. The stainless steel surfaces obtained according to the invention have a homogeneous passive layer having increased chemical resistance and resistance to thermal discoloration.

Abstract: A method for conversion treating a surface of a magnesium alloy workpiece includes the steps of degreasing, acid pickling, alkali pickling, and chemical converting. A phosphating solution is used in the step of chemical converting and includes the following solution concentrations: 2.89 gram/liter to 8.67 gram/liter of phosphoric acid, 0.3 gram/liter to 1.0 gram/liter of carbamide, 0.39 gram/liter to 1.56 gram/liter of nitric acid, 6 gram/liter to 30 gram/liter of manganese dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.2 gram/liter to 0.6 gram/liter of tannin.

Abstract: A method for the treatment or pre-treatment of surfaces of metal objects by means of an acidic, aqueous solution containing zinc and phosphate. The phosphating solution contains between 0.1-10 g/L, zinc, 4-50 g/L phosphate calculated as PO4, between 0.03-3 g/L, of at least one guanidine compound comprising at least one nitro group calculated as nitroguanidine, and between 0.001-0.9 g/L hydrogen peroxide and has a temperature of less than 80° C. The corresponding acidic, aqueous composition and finished products are also disclosed.

Abstract: An exemplary phosphating solution is used for conversion treating a surface of a magnesium alloy workpiece. The phosphating solution includes: 2.89 gram/liter to 8.67 gram/liter of phosphoric acid, 0.3 gram/liter to 1.0 gram/liter of carbamide, 0.39 gram/liter to 1.56 gram/liter of nitric acid, 6 gram/liter to 30 gram/liter of manganese dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.2 gram/liter to 0.6 gram/liter of tannin. A method for conversion treating a surface of a magnesium alloy workpiece is also provided.

Abstract: A surface conditioning composition is provided in which a titanium phosphate compound can be stored in the state of a dispersion liquid for a long period of time while being stably present in the dispersion liquid, with favorable stability also in the bath, and with the composition being capable of forming a conversion coating film in a sufficient amount of the film even in the case of application to conversion resistant metal materials such as high-tensile steel sheets.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are described for inhibiting corrosion of corrodible metals present in contact with water in cooling water and other water storage systems. The compositions include concentrated stannous salts and agents to solubilize such salts.

Abstract: An exemplary phosphating solution is used for conversion treating a surface of a magnesium alloy workpiece. The phosphating solution includes: 2.89 gram/liter to 8.67 gram/liter of phosphoric acid, 0.3 gram/liter to 1.0 gram/liter of carbamide, 0.39 gram/liter to 1.56 gram/liter of nitric acid, 6 gram/liter to 30 gram/liter of manganese dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.2 gram/liter to 0.6 gram/liter of tannin. A method for conversion treating a surface of a magnesium alloy workpiece is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for pre-treating a metal surface with a corrosion inhibitor prior to painting, a method for inhibiting corrosion in a cooling system, wherein the cooling system includes a metal surface and a coolant; and a method for inhibiting corrosion of a reinforcement steel in concrete wherein the method comprising the step of adding to a concrete mixture an anti-corrosive mixture.

Abstract: Chromate-free treatments and compositions, for applying a conversion or passivation coating to zinc coated metal surfaces. The compositions comprise a polyamidoamine/epihalohydrin polymer or cationic polyamine/epihalohydrin polymer component, fluoacid, H3PO4, and a film forming polymer latex component. The requisite metal surfaces are contacted by the compositions and dried. Rinsing is optional.

Abstract: Alkyl-substituted hydroxylamines are useful as aids in the phosphating of metal substrates. In particular, the rate of phosphating and the rate at which manganese compounds are dissolved into aqueous phosphoric acid solutions may be accelerated by alkyl-substituted hydroxylamines.

Abstract: Metallic surfaces are coated with an aqueous, acidic phosphate solution containing 10 to 60 g/l zinc, 0.5 to 40 g/l manganese, 50 to 300 g/l phosphate ions calculated as P2O5, and optionally other components.

Abstract: The inventive aqueous pickling agent on the basis of sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid and hydrogen fluoride for stainless steels, which pickling agent is free of wetting and emulsifying agents, contains (each as 100 wt-% substance) 1.5 to 16 wt-% sulfuric acid or 2.0 to 30 wt-% phosphoric acid as well as 0.5 to 14 wt-% hydrogen fluoride and 0.5 to 15.5 wt-% acid-soluble aromatic nitro compound. An iron(III) compound is not supplied to said pickling agent. Merely in the starting phase, an oxidizing agent can be supplied, which oxidizes iron(II) to form iron(III). As acid-soluble aromatic nitro compound m-nitrobenzene sulfonate and/or 3-nitrophthalate are particularly advantageous. The inventive pickling agent can be used as bath pickle and —when adding 2.5 to 5.5 wt-% magnesium and/or magnesium compound (calculated as Mg)—also as spraying pickle or brush pickle.

Abstract: An aqueous metal surface treatment composition comprising the following ingredients: (A) an aqueous dispersion of a phenolic resin that includes a reaction product of (i) a phenolic resin precursor; (ii) a modifying agent, comprising a hydrocarbyl moiety bonded to at least one functional moiety that enables the modifying agent to react with the phenolic resin precursor; and at least one ionic moiety comprising an ionizable sulfur or phosphorous group; and (iii) at least one multi-hydroxyphenolic compound; and (B) optionally an acid where (iii) in (A) is optional where the reaction product contains two or more reactive phenolic methylol groups.

Abstract: A method, a composition and a method for making the composition for anodizing metal surfaces, especially magnesium surfaces is disclosed. The composition is a basic aqueous solution including hydroxylamine, phosphate anions and nonionic surfactants. A complementary method, composition and method for making the composition for rendering an anodized metal surface, especially a magnesium surface, conductive is disclosed. The composition is a basic aqueous solution including bivalent nickel, pyrophosphate anions, sodium hypophosphite and either ammonium thiocyanate or lead nitrate.

Abstract: A chromium- and nitrogen-free brightening and passivating treatment for metal surfaces, particularly iron and steel, comprises: at least one acid; at least one substance containing a peroxy moiety; and at least one organic substance selected from the group consisting of; molecules that contain both at least one ether moiety and at least one hydroxyl moiety; molecules that contain at least two ether moieties; and molecules that contain in each molecule both at least one ether moiety and one nitrogen atom that is covalently bonded to at least three carbon atoms. Preferably part of the acid contains phosphorus, which has been found to act synergistically with the organic substance to stabilize peroxy compounds against decomposition, particularly in the presence of metal ions.

Abstract: Excellent adhesion to subsequently applied paint or elastomer is obtained by coating a metal substrate with a phosphate conversion coating by contact with a liquid phosphating solution that contains zinc cations, phosphate anions, and at least one adhesion promoter selected from (i) film-forming organic substances, (ii) polymers of vinyl phenols modified by substitution of substituted aminomethyl moieties on their aromatic rings, (iii) inorganic oxides of one of the elements silicon, aluminum, titanium, and zirconium. Preferably, the phosphating solution also contains manganese and nickel cations and either iron cations or hydroxylamine. If adhesion to paint is desired, the adhesion promoter preferably is an acrylic film-forming substance, while if adhesion to elastomers is desired, the adhesion promoter preferably is a polymer of vinyl phenol and the phosphating solution preferably also contains calcium cations.

Abstract: A corrosion-inhibiting coating, process, and system that provides a tight, adherent zinc- or zinc-alloy coating that is directly deposited onto steel or cast iron surfaces for enhanced corrosion protection. A process for applying the coating is also provided. The process includes the application of two sequential aqueous baths. The first bath contains a precursor zinc compound while the second bath contains a reducing agent to deposit the zinc directly upon the steel or cast iron.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for applying manganese phosphate layers to iron or steel surfaces using phosphating solutions containing manganese, phosphate, iron (II) ions as well as nitroguinidine, as well as its application to workpieces that are subject to sliding friction.

Abstract: A universal aqueous composition and a process for using such a composition for pretreating metal substrates is provided. The aqueous composition includes a hydroxy functional cyclic compound, such as a tannin, in an amount of at least about 500 ppm, phosphate ions, an oxidizer-accelerator, and at least one Group IVB metal compound capable of converting to a metal oxide upon application to the metal substrate, such as a fluorozirconate or fluorotitanate. The composition may further contain fluoride ions and/or iron. The composition is particularly useful for corrosion resistance with a variety of metals such as iron, steel, zinc-coated surfaces, aluminum, and alloys thereof. A disaccharide may further be provided to prolong the useful life of the composition, particularly when used in spray applications.

Abstract: A chromium free conversion coating at least equivalent in corrosion protective quality to conventional chromate conversion coatings can be formed on metals, particularly cold rolled steel, by a dry-in-place aqueous acidic liquid that preferably has a pH value between 0.5 and 5.

Abstract: Rinsing or sealing solutions based on cobalt are described for barrier films such as anodic coatings, phosphate coatings, or “black oxide” coatings. The treated films contain a trivalent or tetravalent cobalt/valence stabilizer complex. The rinsing or sealing bath may also contain an optional preparative agent or an optional solubility control agent. The oxidized cobalt is present in the coating in a “sparingly soluble” form. The valence stabilizers can be either inorganic or organic in nature. Cobalt/valence stabilizer combinations are chosen based on the well-founded principles of cobalt coordination chemistry. A number of cobalt/valence stabilizer combinations that match the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium systems are presented.

Abstract: A liquid iron phosphating concentrate is provided which contains dispersed aromatic carboxylic acid. The aromatic carboxylic acid remains dispersed in the concentrate by incorporation of a thickener in the composition.

Abstract: By including nitric acid and hydroxylamine in a manganese phosphating composition and controlling the ratio of nitric to phosphoric acids and the ratio of Total Acid to Free Acid within a specified range, satisfactory manganese phosphate conversion coatings can be obtained within a reasonable time at temperatures much lower than has previously been thought necessary for operating a manganese phosphating composition with no other metal cations (except possibly for iron).

Abstract: The present invention provides a corrosion inhibitor composition for magnesium or magnesium alloys which contains as an effective component, at least one compound selected from among aromatic carboxylic acids and salts thereof as an effective component. Further, the present invention provides a surface treating agent for magnesium and/or magnesium alloy components which contains a phosphate, at least one compound selected from among aromatic carboxylic acids and salts thereof, and further, as required, at least one compound selected from among pyrazole compounds and triazole compounds,and surface-treating method using the surface treating agent.

Abstract: A process for controlling the layer weight during the phosphating of steel strip zinc-coated on one or both sides, using a phosphating solution which contains 1 to 6 g/l zinc ions and 10 to 30 g/l phosphate ions, characterized in that a Fe(II) ion content within the range of 3 to 100 mg/l is established in the phosphating solution. The higher the Fe(II) content, the lower is the layer weight. An alteration in the Fe(II) content of 3 to 20 mg/l results in an alteration in the layer weight of about 0.1 g/m2.

Abstract: A process for pretreating surfaces made from steel, galvanised steel and/or aluminum and/or alloys thereof, wherein, in a first process stage, phosphating is performed using a low-nickel zinc phosphating solution; in a second process stage, the phosphated surfaces are post-rinsed using an aqueous solution which contains 0.001 to 10 g/l of lithium ions; copper ions and/or silver ions; and, in a third process stage, a low-lead cathodically depositable electrocoating lacquer is applied which contains no more than 0.05 wt. % of lead, relative to the dry solids content of the lacquer.

Abstract: A chromium-free agent for treating metallic surface comprising the following (i)-(iv):

Abstract: A process for phosphating metal surfaces in which a nitrite- and nickel-free zinc-containing phosphating solution is applied to the metal surfaces which, if desired, are then rinsed and subsequently after-rinsed with an aqueous solution with a pH value of 3 to 7 which contains 0.001 to 10 g/l of one or more of the cations of Li, Cu and Ag.

Abstract: An aqueous metal surface treatment composition that includes (A) an aqueous dispersion of a phenolic novolak resin that includes water and a reaction product of a phenolic resin precursor, a modifying agent and a multi-hydroxy phenolic compound wherein the modifying agent includes at least one functional moiety that enables the modifying agent to react with the phenolic resin precursor and at least one ionic moiety, (B) an acid and, optionally, (C) a flexibilizer. According to one embodiment the modifying agent is an aromatic compound. According to another embodiment the ionic moiety of the modifying agent is sulfate, sulfonate, sulfinate, sulfenate or oxysulfonate and the dispersed phenolic resin reaction product has a carbon/sulfur atom ratio of 20:1 to 200:1.

Abstract: An acidic aqueous phosphating solution is presented having 0.2 to 3 g/l of zinc ions, 3 to 50 g/l of phosphate ions expressed as PO4−3, and 0.05 to 4 g/l of an organic N-oxide containing a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic 5- or 6-membered ring system, where the N atom of the N-oxide is part of said ring system, and where the ratio by weight of phosphate ions to zinc ions is from 3.7 to 30:1. The solution is free of hydroxylamine and useful in phosphating metal surfaces.

Abstract: Concentrates containing (a) an hydroxylamine sulfate accelerator, and (b) zinc, nickel, manganese, and phosphate ions are formulated into aqueous coating solutions for treating metal surfaces, such as ferrous, zinc, and aluminum surfaces. In the process of using this solution, hydroxylamine ions become depleted or reduced in concentration in the applied solution. A replenishing solution is added for reusing the solution until the replenished coating solution reaches a sulfate level of no more than 14 g/l.

Abstract: A high quality lubricant carrier for lubrication in cold plastic working of iron and steel is provided by a process in which the surfaces of objects to be worked are first treated with a surface conditioning liquid composition that contains dispersed fine particles of at least one of a Jernstedt salt, zinc phosphate, zinc calcium phosphate, and calcium phosphate, and is then treated by a phosphatizing solution that contains calcium cations.

Abstract: A process for the phosphatizing of metal surfaces composed of steel, zinc-coated steel or steel coated with zinc alloy, of aluminum and/or of aluminum-magnesium alloys, characterized in that the phosphatizing solution contains:

Abstract: Processes and solutions for phosphating metal surfaces. The solutions are acidic aqueous phosphate solutions containing a) from 0.1 to 1.5 g/l of zinc ion; b) from 5 to 50 g/l of phosphate ion; c) from 0.2 to 4 g/l of manganese ion; d) at least 0.05 g/l of fluoride ion; e) less than 0.5 g/l of chloride ion; and f) a phosphating accelerator. The metal surface phosphated with the solution including galvanized steel, is free of white spots and is suitable for electrocoating.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing an aqueous zinc phosphatizing solution for producing phosphate coatings on metallic surfaces of iron, steel, zinc, zinc alloys, aluminum or aluminum alloys, which comprises: (1) 0.3 to 5 g Zn2+/1; (2) 0.1 to 3 g nitroguanidine/1 as an accelerator; (3) phosphate where the acid value is 0.03 to 0.3 indicating the ratio of free acid, calculated as free P2O5 to the total P2O5, and the weight ratio of Zn to P2O5 is 1:5 to 1:30; and (4) balance water, where the solution produces finely crystallite phosphate coatings in which the crystallites have a maximum edge length <15 &mgr;m, which comprises the steps of: (a) preparing a concentrate comprising the Zn2+ and the phosphate in water; (b) supplying additional water to the concentrate so that the Zn2+ concentration in the phosphatizing solution is 0.

Abstract: A phosphating solution that contains from 3 to 30 g/l of zinc ions, from 0.1 to 20 g/l of ferrous ions, from 5 to 60 g/l of phosphate ions, from 5 to 60 g/l of nitrate ions, and a source of hydroxylamine in a concentration corresponding stoichiometrically to from 0.5 to 4 g/l of hydroxylamine and in which there is a weight ratio of zinc to phosphate that is from 0.1:1 to 1:1 deposits on steel to be cold worked a phosphate conversion coating suitable as a lubricant carrier. This phosphating solution, which may optionally contain one or more of calcium, nickel, cobalt, and copper cations and simple and complex fluorine-containing anions, makes it possible to lower the temperature of the treatment solution, reduce the amount of sludge, improve the quality of the coating film, and allow single-liquid type replenishment to be used. Preferably the surface to be phosphated is immersed in the phosphating solution, maintained at a temperature of 35 to 80° C., for 2 to 20 minutes.

Abstract: A surface treated metal sheet which is coated with a layer comprising, as main components, a complex and/or salt between a rare earth metal element and an organic compound having in the molecule one or more functional groups selected from among —O—, ═O, —OH, —COOH, —NH2, ═NH, ═N—, —SH, —SO3H and phosphoric groups, and a matrix which physically holds the above and has adhesive power for metal sheets, as well as a metal surface treatment solution used therefor.

Abstract: An aqueous zinc phosphate conversion coating that contains 5 to 50 g/L of phosphate ions, 0.2 to 10 g/L of zinc ions, and 0.5 to 4.0 g/L as hydroxylamine of a hydroxylamine source, and also: (1) contains 0.01 to 5.0 g/L polycarboxylic acid or salt thereof and/or starch phosphate; or (2) has a zinc ions/phosphate ions weight ratio below 0.27 and a zinc ions concentration of at least 2.0 g/L forms high quality zinc phosphating coatings on metal surfaces even if the surfaces have not been previously conditioned by contact with a dispersion of colloidal titanium.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid surface treatment composition having a pH value not more than 6.5 and containing phosphoric acid ions, condensed phosphoric acid ions, an oxidizing agent, and a water-soluble polymer consisting, except for end groups, of polymer units expressed by formula (I), in a weight ratio of 0.1 to 30:0.1 to 10:0.1 to 10:0.1 to 20 respectively, when brought into contact with an aluminiferous metal surface, rapidly forms on the surface a conversion coating that has good corrosion resistance and adhesion to subsequently applied organic coatings such as paint and is less easily damaged by mechanical stresses than prior art conversion coatings.

Abstract: A solution and a process for non-chromium rust proof coating is disclose. The rust proof coating solution includes a composite of which the main components are an aqueous resin and water, with 0.2-20 g/l of triazine thiol compound and 0.1/5 g/l phosphoric acid contained therein. The rust proof process is a process for coating a zinc-coated steel or a non-coated steel with the rust proof coating solution as described above.

Abstract: A process for phosphating metal surfaces in which a nitrite- and nickel-free zinc-containing phosphating solution is applied to the metal surfaces which, if desired, are then rinsed and subsequently after-rinsed with an aqueous solution with a pH value of 3 to 7 which contains 0.001 to 10 g/l of one or more of the cations of Li, Cu and Ag.

Abstract: A surface of aluminiferous metal is brought into contact at 25 to 65.degree. C. for 2 to 100 seconds with a surface treatment bath with a pH of 1.0 to 6.0 that contains phosphate ions, dissolved titanium and/or zirconium compounds, dissolved fluorine-containing anions, and a water soluble polymer in the following weight proportions: 1-100:1-50:1-200:1-200. This is followed by a water rinse and drying. The water soluble polymer has a chemical structure conforming to formula (I), in which each of X.sup.1 and X.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 alkyl group, or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 hydroxyalkyl group; each of Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a moiety "Z" that to formula (II) or (III), wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl group or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 hydroxyalkyl group; the average value for the number of Z moieties substituted on each aromatic ring in the polymer molecules is from 0.2 to 1.