Abstract: Disclosed are plastisol compositions comprising a poly(vinyl chloride) resin, a plasticizer for the resin in an amount sufficient to form a plastisol, and from about 4 to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, of a saturated, thermoplastic polyester dispersed in the plastisol, the polyester being in particulate form, having a melting point of about 70.degree. to about 200.degree. C., a heat of fusion of about 10 calories per gram or less, and an inherent viscosity of about 0.3 to about 1.0.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a seal between a ceramic and an alloy comprising the steps of prefiring the alloy in an atmosphere with a very low partial pressure of oxygen, firing the assembled alloy and ceramic in air, and gradually cooling the fired assembly to avoid the formation of thermal stress in the ceramic. The method forms a bond between the alloy and the ceramic capable of withstanding the environment of a pressurized water reactor and suitable for use in an electrical conductivity sensitive liquid level transducer.

Abstract: A process of producing reinforced laminates from crosslinkable thermoplastic olefin polymer material. In the process, a normally solid, high molecular weight crosslinkable thermoplastic olefin polymer containing a catalyst which reacts with and effects crosslinking of the polymer and which has a decomposition temperature above the melting temperature of the polymer, is heated to a molten state at a temperature above the polymer melting temperature but below the catalyst decomposition temperature. A continuous nonreinforced sheet is then formed from the molten polymer at a temperature below the decomposition temperature and is applied to at least one surface of a substrate to form a laminate. The laminate is then heated under pressure to a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the catalyst to effect substantially complete crosslinking of the polymer and is cooled to a temperature below the polymer melting temperature to a self-supporting state to fix the shape of the laminate.

Abstract: A method and device for producing multilayer printed circuit boards, under the application of heat and pressure to a stack of printed circuit boards and interposed layers of thermosetting plastic, the multilayer stack being heated in a first press to a curing temperature above the flux point of the bonding layers, then precooled under continued pressure to a transfer temperature below the flux point and transferred to a second press, where it is aftercooled under pressure to ambient temperature. The press installation of the invention includes two independently operating multi-stage presses in a common press frame. The plates of the press stages are horizontally aligned in the open position of the two presses.

Abstract: Sleeve for a printing cylinder, said sleeve comprising a thin-walled cylindrical sieve, for instance a non-designed (plain-mesh) screen functioning as a support element, upon the outer face of which a photopolymer sheet is directly attached, said sheet being hardenable under the influence of radiation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for bonding two pieces of thermoplastic material to one another. The method includes the steps of heating the edges of the plastic materials to be joined to at least their fusing temperatures and then forcing the heated edge portions against one another to thereby form a bonded junction. A bead is formed along at least one edge of the junction of the plastic materials as a result of the pressure of the two plastic materials bearing against one another. The welded junction is heated, optionally at elevated pressure, to at least its fusion temperature and is then rapidly cooled. The resulting weld has a high impact and dielectric strength and has a smooth overall appearance.

Abstract: This invention relates to construction panels comprising metal-thermoplastic-metal laminates and a process for preparing same, said laminates possessing in combination critical service properties of high heat distortion temperature, low coefficient of linear thermal expansion, low inelastic ratio, and lightness in weight.

Abstract: There is disclosed a lattice cable and a method of making said, said lattice cable having a plurality of elongated insulated elements extending parallel to one another and uniformly spaced apart by integrally formed insulative ribs there between, the elongated insulative elements and the insulative ribs being constructed of a material having a first dielectric constant. At least every other one of the elongated insulative elements having an elongated electrical conductor partially embedded in the surface thereof so that a portion of the surface of the elongated electrical conductor is exposed along the length thereof, the elongated electrical conductors passing through and being covered by the integrally formed insuative ribs so that the exposed portion of the elongated electrical conductors is located between the insulative ribs. Each lattice cable thus formed may be placed in a layered combination with one or more other lattice cables.

Abstract: The present invention relates to laminates comprising a polyvinylidene fluoride resin layer, a thermoplastic resin layer, and an intermediate polyalkyl methacrylate layer and to the method of making such laminates, preferably by coextrusion.

Abstract: A method to eliminate stresses and consequent warping in elevated-temperature cured adhesive bonded parts with different coefficients of thermal expansion.

Abstract: Fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminate is formed by extruding first and second sheets of thermoplastic resin containing nonsiliceous fibers. A layer of nonsiliceous fibers is applied to one side of the first sheet. The second sheet is laminated to the first sheet and the layer of nonsiliceous fibers at a temperature ranging from the melting point of the thermoplastic resin to about 650.degree. F.

Abstract: A stapling apparatus and method together with thermoplastic staples used therewith are disclosed and each staple is made entirely of thermoplastic material and has a bight and a pair of legs the outer portions of which are permanently heat shaped in clinched relation followed by immediate cooling.

Abstract: The multi-layer polyester/polyolefin shrink film of this invention provides a combination of shrink tension, hot seal strength, sealability, and shrink temperature range heretofore unobtainable in an oriented, monolayer polyolefin material. The preferred film has five layers in which the middle layer comprises a polyester or copolyester, two inner layers adjacent the middle layer comprise ethylene-vinyl actate copolymer, and the skin or outer layers comprise an ethylene-propylene copolymer.

Abstract: A metal cap having a primer layer thereon which has a thermal adhesiveness with respect to a lining layer and wherein part of the lining at the bottom of a cap is thermally adhesively fixed to the primer layer.A method of manufacturing a metal cap including steps of applying a primer to the cap which has a thermal adhesiveness with respect to a lining layer and heating only a portion of the bottom of the cap to cause only part of the lining to become affixed to the primer.

Abstract: A method for the sealing of a cover strip onto packing containers, in particular non-returnable containers for liquid foodstuffs, which containers are of the type which are manufactured from laminated material comprising layers of, among others, thermoplastics, is disclosed. Packing containers of this type are generally provided with an opening arrangement in the form of a pouring opening punched out in the top side of the container, which is covered by a tear-off cover strip. The cut edge extending around the pouring opening is in this case situated inside the container which makes necessary special measures in order to prevent the occurrence of bacteria-collecting corners and pockets. This is a problem in particular in the relatively thick type of packing laminate which comprises layers of foamed thermoplastic material. It is often also necessary to seal off the free cut edge, since the laminate occasionally comprises layers which for various reasons must not come into contact with the contents.

Abstract: Two sheets of an air impermeable plastic coated fabric are placed horizontally, with a core of a resilient open cell foam material positioned between the two sheets. Heated platens are applied to this layup, followed by applying a vacuum to the interior, cooling the assembly, and then moderately pressurizing the then bonded assembly.

Abstract: The method of fabrication of a laminate formed by at least two transparent sheets consists in forming a stack of sheets after coating the sheet interfaces with a polymerizable adhesive, in subjecting the stack to an overpressure below or equal to 2 bar, in maintaining at the same time a temperature T below the maximum temperature of stability of the adhesive for a sufficient period of time to obtain prepolymerization of the adhesive, then in maintaining the stack temperature below or equal to the temperature T for a period of less than sixteen hours.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are described for making cushioned shipping packet bags. A pocket within the cushioned bag is defined between two resilient, lightweight, flexible cushioning layers of polypropylene microfoam material which advantageously exhibits a relatively "non-slip" frictional gripping action on the item or items contained within the sealed packet bag. The cushioned bag is produced on a continuous motion machine having capability for adjusting the length and width of the cushioned bags produced. Two packages can be simultaneously produced end-to-end when their combined lengths do not exceed the overall width of the machine. To enable the protective outer kraft paper layers of the bag to be sealed together in spite of the intervening polypropylene material, this material is burned away from between the outer layers during the heat sealing of a polyethylene coating on the inner surfaces of the kraft paper enclosure by heat energy conducted through the kraft paper.

Abstract: A method of continuously manufacturing honeycomb sandwiches is provided wherein skin panels of various materials may be more easily and effectively adhered to the honeycomb core. Thermoplastic adhesives which soften at temperatures above the laminate thermosetting temperature are used to provide firm bonding. Bondline voids, therefore, become less frequent and more easily repairable.

Abstract: A composite lamination film for electrophoretically toned images deposited on a plastic receptor sheet, comprising, in combination, an optically transparent, flexible support layer, an optically transparent, flexible intermediate layer of a heat softenable film applied to one side of said support layer, and an optically transparent, flexible adhesive layer of a heat softenable film applied to the free side of said intermediate layer, said adhesive layer having good adhesion to said intermediate layer, said receptor sheet and said toned images deposited on said receptor sheet, the laminate thereof and the process for producing the laminate.

Abstract: A mirror construction and method wherein shatter resistant optical quality first surface mirrors may be inexpensively fabricated. A styrene sheet is press polished and the polished surface is coated with a reflective layer. The press polished, reflectively coated styrene sheet may be subjected to further processing steps in order to produce a highly rigid and flat mirror. A surface of the styrene sheet is scored along a straight line to a depth that does not penetrate the front mirrored surface, but rather leaves a relatively thin region along the scored line having a minimal extent in the plane of the sheet. The styrene sheet is then folded, bringing portions on either side of the scored line towards each other and partially splitting the thin region. A membrane remains along the scored line to form a semi-flexing hinge. The ability of the membrane to withstand cracking can be improved somewhat by carrying out the folding step at a temperature generally greater than approximately 20.degree. C.

Abstract: A flexible, e.g. polyurethane, open cell foam sheet is impregnated with a controlled amount of a liquid polymerizable resin system which cures at ambient temperature, and the resin impregnated sheet is immediately chilled at a suitably reduced temperature, e.g. 40.degree. F. or below, to arrest polymerization or hardening. The resulting resin impregnated sheet is stored at such reduced temperature. When needed for adhesive bonding the chilled resin impregnated sheet, cut to the desired pattern or size, is applied between the surfaces of objects to be bonded, e.g. fiber reinforced polyurethane insulation blocks and plywood strips, or such insulation blocks and the steel hull of a liquid natural gas (LNG) container or marine tanker.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for joining together edge surfaces of polytetrafluoroethylene material by a butt joint in which abutting surfaces of the material are placed in a chamber bounded by clamps along the abutting surfaces which press together the abutting surfaces, and heating elements in the space between the clamps to heat both sides of the material between the clamps, the boundaries of the chamber inhibiting the volume expansion of the material resulting from heating. Pressure generated in chamber may be controlled by moving a heating element. Additional pressure during cooling-down is exerted on the butt joint by moving one clamping in the direction of the butt joint. A thin foil of a fluorine-containing thermoplastic inserted between the abutting surfaces facilitates joining of the surfaces.

Abstract: Magnetic cores suitable for use in transformers, generators and motors are provided. The core is formed of a laminate of layers of substantially amorphous metal laminae compressed to a rigid composite.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for joining together edge surfaces of polytetrafluoroethylene material by a butt joint in which clamps along the abutting surfaces press together the abutting surfaces, heating means spaced from and out of direct contact with a strip between the clamps heats the strip by radiation or convection, and a cooling arrangement is provided via the clamps to remove heat from the clamping zone. A thin foil of a fluorine-containing thermoplastic inserted between the abutting surfaces facilitates joining of the surfaces.

Abstract: Laminar thermoplastic films are provided which exhibit improved heat seal strengths as well as heat seal temperature ranges. The laminates comprise a predominantly propylene-based polymer substrate or core, the propylene core layer being coated with continuous skins, the skins being fabricated from ethylene based resin with a density of less than 0.939.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for laminating surfacing materials, such as high and low pressure laminates, paper, wood veneers, metal foils and the like to core material, such as plywood, particle board, flake board, hard board, rigid plastic foams and the like.The disclosure includes a machine and a method of laminating, particularly utilizing high viscosity, hot melt adhesives. A sandwich is formed at ambient temperature with the adhesive between the laminate and core either as sheet material or precoated on the laminate or the core. The method employs a progressive heating of the adhesive and adjacent parts of the sandwich from ambient temperature through tackiness to an activating temperature followed immediately by a physical migration of the adhesive to wet out adjacent surfaces followed by a cooling of the sandwich to a mechanical bonding adhesive temperature.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of composite laminate structures of glass cloth preimpregnated with polybismaleimide resin and adhered to a polybismaleimide-glass or aromatic polyamide paper honeycomb cell structure filled or partially filled with a syntactic foam consisting of a mixture of bismaleimide resin and carbon microballoons.The carbon microballoons are prepared by pyrolyzing phenolic microballoons and subsequently bonded using a 2% bismaleimide solution. The laminate structures are cured for two hours at 477.degree. K. and are adhered to the honeycomb bismaleimide adhesive using a pressure of 700 kN/m.sup.2 pressure at 450.degree. K. The laminate composite is then post-cured for two hours at 527.degree. K. to produce a composite laminate having a density in the range from about 95 kilograms per cubic meter to 130 kilograms per cubic meter.

Abstract: A plane plate of corrugated paperboard, which is produced by bonding a corrugated medium and at least one liner board with a thermoplastic resin, is shaped into a curved plate by means of a hot-press so that the resin fluidifies and allows the medium and each liner board to make individual and slipping movements during press-forming. The resin hardens upon subsequent temperature reduction and affords the curved heat and sound insulator plate a good shape retentivity. This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 686,314 filed May 14, 1976, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,093,482.

Abstract: A coupling element comprising elongate thermo-plastic strip material structured to provide that, on application thereto of heat in the range from about 300.degree. to about 500.degree. F. the outer portion thereof becomes fluidly adhesive, and is particularly adapted thereby to quickly form a ready bond and a clean seal between different materials, especially between glass and metal parts. While under the application of heat in the range specified, the outer portion of the element becomes fluidly adhesive, the inner or core portion of the element retains, as originally provided, an essentially stable form which accommodates and conforms to the contour of an applied load.On self cooling in place the strip coupling device provides a uniquely complete and extremely strong bond and seal between parts of unlike materials. In preferred embodiments and applications the invention provides for an improved installation of a window, windshield or like unit.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for laminating surfacing materials, such as high and low pressure laminates, paper, wood veneers, metal foils and the like, to core material, such as plywood, particle board, flake board, hard board, rigid plastic foams and the like.The disclosure includes a machine for laminating, particularly utilizing high viscosity, hot melt adhesives within the ambient conditions of a factory. A sandwich is formed at ambient temperature with the adhesive between the laminate and core either as sheet material or precoated on the laminate or the core. The method employs a progressive heating of the adhesive and adjacent parts of the sandwich from ambient temperature through tackiness to an activating temperature followed immediately by a physical migration of the adhesive to wet out adjacent surfaces followed by a cooling of the sandwich to a mechanical bonding adhesive temperature.

Abstract: A resin reinforced fiber structure is formed by drawing fibers under tension, in spaced relation to each other through a bath containing a molten heat curable resin, combining the fibers in mutual contact for removal of excess resin, spreading the fibers for passage through a preheating zone and then in a recombined state through a plurality of radiant heating zones and relatively narrow cold shaping dies in series. The preheating and heating zones provide heated surfaces in spaced relation to the resin coated fibers, effect a viscosity break to enable the resin to more completely wet the fibers and advance polymerization towards a gel point. The narrow cold shaping dies provide the desired shape to the final article and remove excess resin as cure is advanced. The fiber reinforced resin structure at about the resin gel point is passed through a final cold shaping die, and then to a final curing zone.

Abstract: The book cover applicator is suitable for use in applying covers to multiple sheet fillers which have been secured together along the spine by a hotmelt adhesive. The applicator comprises means for holding the filler and cover at a bonding station and bonding means mounted adjacent the bonding station, the bonding means including a heater bar for applying heat to melt the hotmelt adhesive, and a set bar for holding the cover square up against the filler and conducting heat away from the adhesive for a fast and perfect set. The hotmelt adhesive provides a strong, flexible bond between the filler spine and the cover.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for forming sheet material into continuous structural shapes, particularly adaptable to the forming and joining of reinforced plastic sheet material, wherein the material is heated, formed, joined, consolidated, and cooled in a continuous process.

Abstract: Two sheets of an air impermeable plastic coated fabric are placed horizontally, with a core of a resilient open cell foam material positioned between the two sheets. Heated platens are applied to this layup, followed by applying a vacuum to the interior, cooling the assembly, and then moderately pressurizing the then bonded assembly.

Abstract: Method and machine for fabricating plasticboard wherein areas of bonding are created with localized heating and pressure.

Abstract: A method of producing dry-process composition paper board from waste paper. Waste paper is particulated into flakes and the like fragments, conditioned for moisture content, and blended with an adhesive such as a synthetic thermosetting resin prior to forming by compression into mats which are cured under high pressure and temperature to form a rigid, cohesive paper flake board.The method obviates the need of sorting, pulping, cleaning and purification of waste paper and permits manufacture of structural panel boards in small recycling plants.

Abstract: A label is placed in due contact with the surface of an article being extruded and then forcibly urged to a preselected depth in the plasticized article. The label and the article are thereafter cooled.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for making laminated sheets in which a fusion adhesive is applied to both sides of a sheet core, the melting point of the adhesive being below the conversion point of the sheet core, the core being provided with covering sheets, heated to the melting point of the adhesive, moulded and cooled.

Abstract: A process for lining an air-permeable container, such as a paper cup, with a thermoplastic foil by directing a warm pressurized stream of gas to press the foil into place and varying either the flow rate or temperature of the gas stream or both to guarantee the foil shape within the container while it is thus controllably cooled and solidified. The apparatus includes a controllable discharge valve, such as a relief valve formed at the edge of a spring loaded cover through which gas is supplied, for allowing a faster gas flow for cooling than used for deep drawing the foil. Either one or two gas supplies may be used. In the case of two, the gas supply for cooling is at a higher pressure than that used for deep drawing and is preferably at a lower temperature.

Abstract: A sheath for battery electrodes is made by introducing a fibrous tubular material along a mandrel. A perforated thermoplastic material is applied around the outside of the fibrous material. Subsequent to applying the fibrous material, the mandrel is heated, thereby heating the fibrous material. The latter heats and softens the inside of the thermoplastic material at their points of mutual contact. The thermoplastic material is then subjected to external pressing forces and external cooling temperatures to press the thermoplastic material against the fibrous material while cooling the thermoplastic material.

Abstract: A jointer for laminated tapes for use in the production of sheathed cables formed by longitudinally or helically wrapping cable cores with metal tapes laminated with plastic films and by joining the overlapped portions of said tapes by way of heat fusion is disclosed. The method comprises the use of pressing blocks consisting of metal material having a high heat conductivity and respectively having machined surfaces opposing in parallel to each other for the application of uniform pressure to both surfaces of the laminated tapes held therebetween. A heating piece is provided which is electrically insulated from and mounted to the bottom of the pressing block and having relatively high electric resistance and being supplied with electric current thereby pulse heating the portions of the laminated tapes to be spliced.

Abstract: A process for preparing relatively thick composite laminate structures wherein thin layers of prepreg tapes are assembled, these thin layers are cut into strips that are partially cured, stacked into the desired thickness with uncured prepreg disposed between each layer of strips and the thus formed laminate finally cured and thereafter machined to the desired final dimensions.

Abstract: A two-state oven type laminating apparatus including two heater systems operating at different temperatures whereby conventional polyester-polyethylene combinations may be laminated relatively bubble-free and without distortion of the polyester.

Abstract: A method of tacking a honeycomb core to a base sheet, the core member having coatings of adhesive, one provided on the ends of the cells of each face of the core. The core is engaged with the base sheet so that one coating of adhesive contacts the base sheet while moving the core and the base sheet as a unit along a rectilinear path of travel. While engaging the core with the base sheet, the base sheet is (a) heated to temperatures within a wetting temperature of the adhesive but below the curing temperature of the adhesive, (b) maintained at temperatures within said wetting temperature range for a time sufficient to allow the one coating of adhesive to be heated, to flow and to form a fillet between the base sheet and the core but insufficient to allow undue heating of the other coating of adhesive, and (c) the base sheet, the adhesive, and the core are rapidly cooled to a discharge temperature which is below the wetting temperature range of the adhesive, thereby to tack the core to the base sheet.

Abstract: Process for preparing a synthetic suede product from three or more separate layers of non-fibrous materials welded together: two outer layers with outwardly extending polyurethane fibers and at least one inner layer of polyurethane film, sheet, web, or foam. The process comprises continuously feeding at least three separate films, sheets or webs of the appropriate non-fibrous feed materials into the nip formed by two rotating, heated cylinders wherein the feed materials are contacted under pressure with two heated flexible molding bands provided with a multiplicity of molding cavities whereby outwardly extending fibrous polyurethane surfaces are formed and wherein the separate layers are welded together. The novel synthetic suede product obtained by this process is also disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: This invention includes a plastic name tag holder; a method for manufacturing said name tag holder; and apparatus for manufacturing said name tag holder. The preferred name tag holder is rectangular and has a central cavity open at one end for insertion of the name tag. The holder has a rigid plastic bottom sheet and a rigid plastic parallel top sheet which is turned down around three sides of its periphery and is sealed to the bottom sheet on three sides to provide the central name tag slot. The slot is substantially rectangular in vertical cross-section.The apparatus and method of manufacturing a plurality of name tag holders include hinged horizontal insert fingers mounted on the lower platen to separate the top and bottom vinyl sheets and to provide a plurality of male molds corresponding to the central cavities. A plurality of U-shaped electrode dies draws the top sheet down and around the U-shaped insert fingers and seals the top sheet to the bottom sheet beyond the perimeter of the insert fingers.

Abstract: A low-cost, throw-away receptacle such as a cup, picnic plate, or container, and closures for such receptacles, are made from foamed plastic material, preferably foamed polystyrene, which is lined on one or both sides with unoriented polyolefin film, preferably polypropylene. The film is secured to the foamed plastic base material using as a heat-sensitive adhesive a vinylic polymer or polyamide resin. Preferred vinylic polymers are based on vinyl acetate, and include polyvinyl acetate maleate copolymer. The film is coated with the initially wet adhesive which is dispersed in an emulsion or solvent carrier, and dried before laminating the film to the foam material. Laminating is done by heating the foam material to a temperature of from 250.degree.-275.degree. F., preheating the coated film to from 100.degree.-180.degree. F., and pressing the coated film surface against the heated foam using a cold platen or roller for from 10 to 15 seconds.

Abstract: A process for the heat lamination of a first film of polyethylene, polyamide, polyester, and such films coated with polyvinylidene chloride, to a second film of polyethylene, ionomer, and such films coated with polyvinylidene chloride. The surface of the first and second films has been treated with a corona discharge prior to heat lamination, and preferably the second film has an adhesion promoter on its surface. The process has the steps of (a) bringing the first and second films into contact, (b) contacting the combined films with a roll heated to a temperature greater than that required to produce low peel strength but less than that at which the laminate adheres to it, (c) passing the laminate through a heated zone to increase the peel strength, and (d) cooling the laminate.

Abstract: An amide/olefin polymeric film laminate suitable for packaging, water cooking, and storing food within the package is prepared by coextruding polyamide and polyolefin layers to form a laminate and then cross-linking the laminate by irradiation. Prior art polyolefin/polyamide laminates delaminate readily when subjected to agitation in hot water, but this tendency is significantly reduced by laminates according to the present invention.