Abstract: The axes of a first press roll (1) and of a second press roll (3) lie in a press plane (E). Each of the press rolls has a respective journal (2, 4). The first press roll is supported in a first bearing bracket (5). The second press roll rests in a second bearing bracket (6) which is coupled, by means of flexurally soft tie-bar groups (7a, 7b . . . , 8a, 8b . . . ), to the first bearing bracket (5). In the unloaded condition of the roll press, the second bearing bracket (6) rests on the first bearing bracket (5). In the loaded condition, however, a clearance (p) is established between the bearing brackets (5, 6), which permits the bearing brackets (5, 6) to be displaceable relative to each other in the axial direction of the press rolls.

Abstract: Paper machine deckle defining structure is protected from fiber accumulations by a uniformly distributed water film that continuously flows from a flat, horizontal upper surface over all smoothly faired lower surfaces of the deckle elements.

Abstract: A paper machine deckle board is supported and protected from fiber accumulations by a multi-functional structure which adjustably positions the deckle board with an integrated flushing water conduit and film distribution fountain.

Abstract: Paper machine deckle defining structure is protected from fiber accumulations by a uniformly distributed water film that continuously flows from a flat, horizontal upper surface over all smoothly faired lower surfaces of the deckle elements.

Abstract: The axes of a first press roll (1) and of a second press roll (3) lie in a press plane (E). Each of the press rolls has a journal pin (2) and (4) respectively. The first press roll is supported in a first bearing pedestal (5). The second press roll rests in a second bearing pedestal (6) which is coupled to the first bearing pedestal (5) by utilizing flexurally soft tension bars (7, 8). In the unloaded condition of the roll press, the second bearing pedestal (6) rests on the first bearing pedestal (5). In the loaded condition, play (p) is established between the bearing pedestals (5 and 6) so that the bearing pedestals (5 and 6) are displaceable axially relative to each other.

Abstract: To protect the paper machine fourdrinier screen, deckle blades are fabricated with a soft polymer (polytetrafluoroethylene) lower edge having little adhesive affinity for either papermaking fiber or traditional plastic bonding compounds. Necessary structural rigidity is contributed to the assembly by a mechanical cladding of suitably stiff polymer plates that are adhesively bonded to a compatible plastic mounting body.

Abstract: Paper machine cupping rails for curling the lateral edges of a web formation screen are protected from fiber accumulations by a uniformly distributed water film that continuously flows from a flat, horizontal upper surface respective to a plurality of conduit length increments.

Abstract: In a doctoring apparatus, blade edge loading is controlled along the sides of the surface being doctored.

Abstract: The framework for the press of a papermaking machine or the like includes interconnected opposite side frames each having two columns. Each column on the operational side of the machine has a section that is removable to permit exchange of an endless press felt and/or other belt extending through the press nip. All four columns are axially prestressed with a force exceeding by a safety margin the tensile force induced in the respective column during operation of the press. The columns preferably are box beams. They are prestressed by hydraulic nuts connected to tension rods disposed within and extending axially of associated ones of the columns. The tension rods in the columns having a removable section are formed in two parts interconnected by a quick connect/disconnect coupling that is located proximate to the removable column section. Disengagement of the coupling permits movement by an actuator of one of the two rod parts away from the other and from the removable column section.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and a device for removing water out of the perforations in a suction roll wherein a doctor blade is brought into contact with the face of the suction roll. The doctor blade is mounted with its slat face in such an angular position in relation to the face of the suction roll that the angle between the face plane of the doctor blade and the tangential direction of the face of the suction roll, when the tangent is drawn at the contact point between the tip of the doctor blade and the face of the suction roll, is from about 2.degree. to about 10.degree.. In the method, water is removed by means of the inlet-side surface plane of the doctor blade, the inlet side being seen in the sense of rotation of the suction roll, and the water is allowed to flow smoothly over the doctor blade out of contact with the construction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polishing doctor blade for resurfacing the surface of a metal calendering roll while in operation, comprising a working surface containing diamond abrasive particles harder than the surface material.

Abstract: Apparatus utilized in the continuous manufacture of sheet material, such as paper, includes a frame having at least one hollow beam for carrying means such as sheet-gauging heads operatively associated with the sheet material being fabricated. Thermal stability of the at least one hollow beam is enhanced by circulating fluid within the beam. Fluid displacement means which may be in the form of a series of inserts disposed end-to-end within the hollow beam define with the interior wall of the beam a fluid conduction channel. The fluid displacement means may also include generally helically oriented guides projecting into the fluid conduction channel for inducing turbulence in the circulating fluid.

Abstract: The press roll cooperates with a counter roll to form a press with a long nip for paper or board machines. The press roll has two end walls; a flexible jacket secured to the end walls; and support members for the end walls. The end walls have bearings for permitting rotation of the jacket and the end walls in relation to the support members. A press shoe of the press roll cooperates with the counter roll to form a pressing zone. Attachment assemblies each have a circular clamping member, which includes a wedge body, and a circular groove disposed on the inside of the end wall to receive the edge portions of the jacket and the wedge body, the groove and wedge body being provided with cooperating wedge forming surfaces. Further, the clamping member includes bolts for pushing the wedge body into the groove and retaining it therein in order to clamp the edge portions of the jacket by means of wedge action, against the end wall.

Abstract: Press section for a paper machine and a frame construction for the same which comprises a front frame and a rear frame. Press rolls are mounted on the front and rear frames and form a press roll combination in which press fabric is passed through nips formed thereby. An at least partially open space is situated between the front and rear frames which are not directly connected to one another and above the press roll combination, through which at least most of the press rolls can be replaced. This space also facilitates replacement of upper press fabric. A suction roll is mounted in conjunction with a rear side of the front frame, while a hollow-faced press roll is mounted in conjunction with the front frame. A smooth-faced center roll of the press is mounted in conjunction with the rear frame or with a separate intermediate frame, preferably in conjunction with a projection part of the frame.

Abstract: A doctor blade is made from an elongated strip of reinforced composite material which material forms fibrillated protrusions when cut. A plurality of cuts are made in the material which form recesses or tabs. The recesses are offset to increase the effective thickness of the strip so that it can be inserted longitudinally or transversely into a doctor blade holder. The fibrillated protrusions maintain the recesses in an offset position.

Abstract: Press section of a paper machine provided with a frame construction which includes first a front frame and than a rear frame in a direction of running of a paper web through the machine. Press rolls are mounted on the front and rear frames. Between the front frame and the rear frame, and above the press roll combination, there is an at least partially open space through which at least most of the press rolls can be replaced. The space also facilitates replacement of the upper press fabrics. The press roll which forms the second nip is the press section is attached to a first intermediate frame part separate from the rear and intermediate frames and arranged to be pivotable by means of power units around horizontal articulation shafts in conjunction with the front frame. This press roll is connected to the first intermediate frame part through a second intermediate frame part by means of horizontal joints.

Abstract: The press roll cooperates with a counter roll to form a press with a long nip for paper or board machines. The press roll has two end walls; a flexible jacket secured to the end walls; and support members for the end walls. The end walls have bearings for permitting rotation of the jacket and the end walls in relation to the support members; and a press shoe intended together with the counter roll to form a pressing zone. Attachment assemblies each have a circular clamping member, which includes a wedge body, and a circular groove disposed on the inside of the end wall to receive the edge portions of the jacket and the wedge body, the groove and wedge body being provided with cooperating wedge forming surfaces. Further, the clamping member includes bolts for pulling the wedge body into the groove and retaining it therein in order to clamp the edge portions of the jacket by means of wedge action, against the end wall.

Abstract: A self-cleaning filter comprises a filter element and a housing. A cleaning unit, movable with respect to the filter element, removes filtered-out solids from the upstream face of the filter element. A movable cleaning element is engagable with the filter element. Indexing structure removes the cleaning element from the filter element for removing accumulated solids from the cleaning element while a second cleaning element engages the filter element for cleaning same in substitution for the first cleaning element.

Abstract: In order to increase the life of a flexible jacket in a shoe type press roll having a flexible jacket (11), end wall displacing element (28) and jacket stretching element (27), the end wall displacing element (28) are designed to permit a setting of an arbitrary operating position for one roll end wall (18) between two end positions on one of the two stub shafts (13) of the roll, and the jacket stretching element (27) are designed to maintain the stretching force substantially constant, whereby the other roll end wall (22) will be self-positioning and will automatically follow each axial displacment of said one roll end wall (18).

Abstract: The invention is a cleaning means used to clean a slice in a paper manufacturing machine. The slice cleaning means is made up of a scraping body, a bias means which is attached at one end to the scraping body, and a foot which is attached to the opposite end of the bias means. The scraping body matingly conforms to the outer surface of the upper plate of the slice, and the foot rests on the lower plate of the slice. The slice cleaning means is driven laterally along the slice to remove foreign particles.

Abstract: An improved conveyor edge product containing device for typical paper making machinery comprised of the main body (20) typically made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene conventionally machined with an elongated chamber (30) for fluid distribution to equally spaced nozzles (32) in the machine nozzle slot (34). The device generates a continuous overlapping fan spray pattern (66) creating a seal between the conveyor (52) and the device eliminating side discharge of paper pulp slurry (60).

Abstract: An extended-nip press for dewatering of a paper or board web, comprising a counter-member (10), which forms an extended press zone (S) together with a press-glide shoe (33) and a glide belt (40) running around the shoe. Through said zone (S), at least one dewatering fabric (50) and the web (W) from which water is removed and which is supported by said fabric are passed. The glide belt (40) is passed over a leading and tensioning member (43; 70), and the closed loop of the glide belt (40) is guided around its leading and tensioning member (43; 70) so that, between said leading and tensioning member (43; 70) and the glide shoe (33) and its possible guide parts (33a, 33b), if any, the glide belt (40) has, as a rule, substantially straight runs (40a, 40b).

Abstract: The invention concerns a double doctor (10) for a paper machine, comprising the first doctor blade (12) and a second doctor blade (14), which are fitted to scrape the same roll face (T.sub.1). The double doctor (10) includes a first doctor beam (11) and therein a first doctor blade (12) as well as a second doctor beam (13) and therein a second doctor blade (14). The first doctor beam (11) and the second doctor beam (13) are interconnected at their ends by means of end plates (15a, 15b), whereby an opening (C) remains between the doctor beams (11, 13) and the end plates (15a, 15b), through which opening (C) the material or paper web scraped off the roll face (T.sub.1) can be passed freely into a pulper. The invention also concerns a method for adjustment of the double doctor.

Abstract: An extended nip press apparatus is disclosed for pressing water from a web of paper. The press includes a blanket which defines an endless loop and a first and a second lateral edge. Edge seals cooperate with the edges for sealing the edges of the blanket against egress of lubricant disposed between the shoe and the blanket. The edge seals include a head rotatably secured to a frame and an extension which extends from the head. The extension cooperates with the first edge of the blanket and defines a duck's bill configuration in a cross-machine sectional view such that the first edge of the blanket conforms to a surface defined by the extension. The surface has a first portion which undulates radially away from the head in an outward direction, and a second portion which undulates radially inwardly towards the head in an outward direction. A clamp adjustably secures the first edge of the blanket to the extension so that flow of lubricant from between the shoe and the blanket past the head is inhibited.

Abstract: The breast box nozzle comprises a nozzle-type pulp stock duct formed by stream-guiding walls of the same width as the machine. The pulp stock duct is limited at its pulp stock discharge gap by a surface which extends over the width of the machine and is not touched by the pulp stock. Deposits in the area of the breast box nozzle which are caused by spray mists may cause defects in basis weight/cross section of the web being produced.The precipitation of the spray mist on the surface not touched by the pulp stock is prevented by a device which discharges a gaseous fluid into the space lying in front of this surface.

Abstract: A creping doctor (2) for creping a soft paper web (3) off a yankee cylinder (1) is described which comprises a supporting beam (4) disposed close to the envelope surface of the yankee cylinder (1) and provided with an internal space, the internal space being divided into a first longitudinal suction chamber (24) and a second longitudinal suction chamber (25). The creping doctor also produces a subatmospheric pressure in the suction chambers (24, 25); a first suction connection (18, 19, 21) connecting the first suction chamber (24) of the supporting beam (4) to an external dust-generating space (7) located between the doctor blade (6) and the soft paper web (3) creped off; and a second suction connection (40, 42, 43) connecting the second suction chamber (25) of the supporting beam (4) with an internal dust-generating space (8) located between the doctor blade (6) and the envelope surface of the yankee cylinder (1).

Abstract: A creping doctor (2) for creping a soft paper web (3) off a yankee cylinder (1) is described which comprises a supporting beam (4) disposed close to the envelope surface of the yankee cylinder (1) and provided with an internal space, the internal space of the supporting beam (4) is divided into a first longitudinal suction chamber (24) and a second longitudinal suction chamber (25). The creping doctor also produces a subatmospheric pressure in the suction chambers (24, 25); a first suction connection (18, 19, 21) connecting the first suction chamber (24) of the supporting beam (4) to an external dust-generating space (7) located between the doctor blade (6) and the soft paper web (3) creped off; and a second suction connection (40, 42, 43) connecting the second suction chamber (25) of the supporting beam (4) with an internal dust-generating space (8) located between the doctor blade (6) and the envelope surface of the yankee cylinder (1).

Abstract: A long nip press roll includes a stationary support member and a flexible, tubular, inflatable press shell which is supported to rotate around the support member by axially separated support discs rotatable around the support member. A radially displaceable press shoe is supported on the support member for pressing outward against the press shell against a counter roll in the press plane. To enable the press roll to be used in a press where it is disposed either beneath or above the counter roll, all of the internal lines in the support member, e.g. those for the supply and discharge of pressure oil, lubricant and cooling oil and press shell pressurizing air, include two sets of coupling for coupling them to external lines, a respective set of the couplings being located at each axial end of the press roll. During assembly, one of the sets of couplings at one end is connected to external lines, and the other set of couplings is closed.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the finishing of a fiber web (W) by means of an on-machine calender connected to a paper machine or the like. The calendering apparatus includes a first hard roll (1) and a second hard roll (2) which is at a distance from the first one, and at substantially the same horizontal level, and in addition at least two elastic rolls (3,4,5) mounted on bearings borne by movable support (9,10,11,12). The elastic rolls (3,5) define in a working position calendering nips with the hard rolls (1,2). A number of paper guiding rolls (6,7,8,9,10,11) lead the course (W.sub.in .fwdarw.W.sub.out) of the web (W) through the calendering nips. The elastic rolls (3,4,5) have been arranged with respect to the hard rolls (1,2) so that the calendering nips (N.sub.1, N.sub.10, N.sub.11,N.sub.2, N.sub.20, N.sub.21) can be defined against the upper quadrant of the hard rolls (1,2) at substantially the same horizontal level with each other.

Abstract: Apparatus for the pressure treatment of webs of material, such as the wet section of a paper-making machine, including a damping device fixedly connected to the protruding end of the roll for damping vibrations of the roll occuring during rotation thereof. The damping device comprises a pair of annular mass rings which surround the protruding roll end and are resiliently supported within an enclosed housing which includes frictional elements bearing against the rings.

Abstract: In a tissue paper machine, the dust that is released when the web is creped off the Yankee dryer (3) constitutes a major work environment problem. To provide an improved extraction of the dust and thereby improve the work environment for the operating personnel involved, a dust extractor (25") having an internal space (39") and a web stabilizing, imperforate plane (37") is mounted immediately adjacent to an intended path of travel for the creped web (1) so that the web during its transportation will place itself in a fixed position close to the imperforate plane (37"), and, at least an essential part of an entrained boundary layer of dust containing air is eliminated through suction only, to the internal space (39"). The suction is carried out at the rear and/or front edge of the extractor (25), and suitably both on the overside and underside of the web (1).

Abstract: A pressurized tank filter for filtering oversized solids from a liquid wherein fluid passes through a filter media on which oversized solids are collected. A doctor blade assembly is provided for biasly engaging the filter and accumulating the solids collected thereon, where upon on each rotation of the doctor blade they engage a wiper means which causes a cleaning thereof.

Abstract: The frame construction in the press section of a paper machine in which the press section includes a combination of rolls which form at least one nip, members for guiding the paper web through the press section and members for guiding at least one felt into contact with the press section. The frame construction comprises a front frame, a rear frame and an intermediate frame connecting these two from above the press section. The connections of the intermediate frame both to the front frame and to the rear frame are releasable in order to remove the intermediate frame in a substantially horizontal and longitudinal direction from above the roll combination into a supporting member.

Abstract: An extended nip press apparatus is disclosed for pressing water from a web. The apparatus includes a press frame and a backing roll rotatably secured to the frame. An elongate shoe is connected to the frame, the shoe being movable relative to the roll. The shoe defines a concave surface having a lubricant thereon. The concave surface cooperates with the roll for defining therebetween an extended nip. An endless blanket having a first and a second lateral edge is slidable relative to the shoe, the blanket extending contiguously with the web through the nip such that the web is disposed between the blanket and the roll for pressing water from the web. First and second beads are connected to the first and second edges respectively, the beads extending continuously around the respective edges.

Abstract: Process of manufacturing a papermakers' wet press felt for the wet end and a felt produced thereby with one or two flaps (14, 10), made of two batts (12, 13) needled onto each side of the felt (1), which ends in two rows of loops (4, 5) that are intended to seam the felt, characterized in that the rows of loops (4, 5) are joined during needling by temporary, removable connecting means (6) placed in relation to the flap(s) (14, 16) which have a greater width than the widths of the finally cut flaps (14, 16).The flap(s) (14, 10) are not damaged during the needling operation and are easily loosened without damage by removing the spiral (7) which form the temporary joining means (6).

Abstract: A pressure device for machines for dewatering or filtering of suspensions, sludges or the like or for material to be pressed for the exertion of surface pressure on at least one circulating pressure belt which can be provided for supporting an equally circulating filter belt, which pressure device consists of an essentially completely hollow pressure bladder in the form of a closed frame in particular of essentially quadrangular shape viewed in top view of the pressure belt, which pressure bladder is subjectable to pressure medium and forms a very small, self-adjusting gap on the edge.

Abstract: In a press-dehydrating section in a paper making machine, for the purpose of facilitating the replacement of a roll by lifting it up and axially moving it with crabs and wires, a portion of a frame of the press-dehydrating section positioned above the roll to be replaced is cut out, and both frame portions facing the cut-out portion are coupled by another frame member that is swingable over a predetermined angle in a horizontal plane. Thus, a dangerous and troublesome operation of rehanging a roll lifted up with crabs and wires by another wire can be dispensed with.

Abstract: A doctor blade assembly has a doctor blade supported in a blade holder. The blade has a projecting front edge adapted to be placed in contact with a moving surface to be doctored, and a rear edge adapted to be received in the blade holder. The blade is preloaded in a manner such that tensile stresses are induced in the front edge thereof. The level of such tensile stresses is below the yield strength of the blade material, yet high enough to prevent compressive stresses from developing at the blade front edge as a result of heat being generated by frictional contact between the blade and the moving surface being doctored.

Abstract: An extended nip press has a looped belt mounted over a shoe having a concave surface which presses the belt against a mating surface on a roll to provide an extended nip. The shoe has a support which is movable in a skewing sense relative to the longitudinal axis of the roll. Lateral movement of the belt is monitored. When it has moved beyond predetermined limits in either direction, the shoe is skewed to alter the frictional forces on the belt as it passes over the shoe's surface. This controls the position of the belt and keeps it centered in the nip.

Abstract: Removable apparatus for cleaning excrescent material from air ports in a chemical recovery furnace. A metal cleaning head having a cage-like configuration is pivotally mounted inside a wind box associated with the furnace to a frame adjacent an air port, and is adapted for insertion into the air port for cleaning the peripheral edges of the air port without blocking air flow through the port or obstructing the viewing path through the air port of sensing devices mounted exteriorly of the wind box. The frame to which the cleaning head is attached rests inside the wind box on the floor thereof, and is adjustably attached for positioning adjacent the air port to a mounting plate affixed to the outer wall of the wind box. The mounting plate pivotally carries an actuating cylinder which is coupled to the cleaning head by an actuating rod.

Abstract: For the purpose of cleaning the doctor blade of a roller of a paper mill, a blade scraping device mounted upon an end of the frame retaining the doctor blade, the device having spring loaded scraping jaws between which the blade is drawn upon being withdrawn from its operating position.

Abstract: Removable apparatus for cleaning obstructions such as oxidized or encrusted smelt from a smelt spout of a chemical recovery furnace. A metal cleaning head having a rod-like shape depends, at rest, from a housing attached exteriorly of the furnace above the smelt spout. Periodically, an actuating mechanism in the housing moves the cleaning head downward and inward into the smelt spout to dislodge any obstructions that may have accumulated therein, and subsequently retracts the cleaning head to the at-rest position. Channel scraping members attached to the cleaning head are hinged to retract upon insertion of the cleaning head into the smelt spout an extend into the smelt spout channel to urge obstructions out of the channel when the cleaning head is retracted.

Abstract: A belt filter device mounted on a frame carrying an endless conveyor belt has a casing arranged below an upper run of the belt, and application of subatmospheric pressure to interior regions of the casing causes liquid to be withdrawn from material lying on the conveyor belt through drainage holes provided in the belt. The casing is pivotal with respect to the frame between a first, operational position and a second, cleaning position, and a separating means shifts the casing away from a cover or support means simultaneously with movement of the casing from its operational position toward its position for cleaning.

Abstract: A frame construction and method in a paper machine press section having a compact press roll combination forming at least two press nips through which a paper web runs, the frame construction and method facilitating the removal and replacement of the fabrics and/or press rolls. The frame construction includes a front frame situated before the press roll combination and a rear frame separate from the front frame situated after the roll combination. The space above the roll combination and between the front and rear frames is opened or openable by pivoting an intermediate frame situated above the roll combination into an open position. The replacement of fabrics and press rolls are carried out by utilizing the open space obtained by pivoting the intermediate frame.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a stand with two end rolls, over which an endless perforated steel web runs. A head box for the pulp is located at the first end roll, and a device for picking-up the treated pulp is located at the second end roll. Along the web means are provided for supplying treatment liquid to the pulp layer. Beneath the web, in the stand vacuum containers are attached detachably for receiving liquid. These containers are individually lowerable and in lowered position movable in the longitudinal direction of the web. The stand further is designed to permit the removal in lateral direction of a container lowered in this way.

Abstract: A frame construction and method in a paper machine press section having a compact press roll combination forming at least two press nips through which a paper web runs, the frame construction and method facilitating the removal and replacement of the fabrics and/or press rolls. The frame construction of the press section includes, in the direction of web run through the press section, a front frame situated before the press roll combination and a rear frame separate from the front frame situated after the roll combination. The space above the roll combination and between the front and rear frames is open or openable through the provision of an intermediate frame situated above the roll combination. The intermediate frame is pivotally mounted on the rear frame about a transverse axis located at a longitudinal side of the roll combination.

Abstract: In a belt pressing unit, which preferably serves as wet press of a paper machine, an elastic tubular press belt travels around a supporting body and, together with a back roll, forms an extended press zone. Beyond the press zone along the path of the press belt, liquid is fed to the inner side of the press belt in order to cool the press belt. This liquid is permitted to travel, together with the press belt, around the supporting body. Most of the liquid is then removed from the press belt, preferably at a position in front of the press zone. The liquid may then be cooled and fed back to the press belt. In addition, liquid may also be fed to the inner side of the press belt where the press belt enters the press zone, for cooling and lubricating a pressing surface of a press shoe which presses the press belt toward the back roll.

Abstract: Perforated sheet for a head box of a paper machine, the perforated sheet being provided with a number of parallel flow passages starting from a common front face. The perforated sheet is provided with a set of feeding ducts which can be connected to a source of flushing liquid and which is connected, by means of flushing ducts, to the front face of the perforated sheet. The perforated sheet preferably consists of several rod elements, each of which is provided with a flow passage and which have been assembled as parallel to each other, side by side and one above the other, into an integrated package.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a headbox assembly wherein a headbox is subjected to extraneous vibrational energy from adjoining machinery or the like and provides at least one vibration absorber rigidly secured to the headbox in the plane of vibration of the extraneous vibration, the vibration absorber creating a node at the headbox to absorb vibrational energy transmitted thereto.

Abstract: Apparatus to supply steam to a paper sheet that passes by the apparatus from a leading edge to a trailing edge of the apparatus. The apparatus is adapted to be positioned adjacent the nip of two rolls and comprises a first header for steam and a first chamber to receive steam from the first header. Passages for steam are formed between the first header and the first chamber. An outlet in the first chamber permits steam to be forced against the paper sheet adjacent the leading edge of the apparatus to form a steam curtain to reduce the amount of air drawn under the apparatus by the paper sheet. A second chamber receives steam from the first header. There are passages for steam between the first header and the second chamber and outlets in the second chamber so that steam may be forced against the paper sheet to heat the sheet. The flow of steam along the length of the apparatus can be controlled.