Abstract: An electrical cabinet for receiving functional electrical units, each including a plurality of electrical devices arranged on a bracket; and a mechanism for attaching the functional electrical units, the attaching mechanism configured to receive the functional electric units along a separation plane defining a first space located toward a front portion, and a second space located toward a back portion; a partition dividing the second space into a first subspace located toward the front portion and a second subspace located toward the rear portion, the partition configured in the electrical cabinet to form at least two passages enabling an airflow to circulate between the first subspace and the second subspace; and a cooling source arranged to be in contact with the airflow.

Abstract: A first cooling mechanism is equipped with a heat exchange unit, in which heat exchange between a substrate and a cooling medium takes place, and flexible plastic tubing for channeling the cooling medium to the heat exchange unit; a second cooling mechanism for cooling the substrate by heat transfer; and a cooling mechanism control unit which, at least when the target substrate cooling temperature of the substrate is not higher than the critical cold resistance temperature of the plastic tubing, cools the substrate using the second cooling mechanism while channeling the cooling medium at a temperature higher than the critical cold resistance temperature through the plastic tubing. In addition, comprises temperature sensors are provided that measure the temperature of the substrate and a cooling mechanism control unit which, with controlling the temperature of the cooling medium in the first cooling mechanism, is configured to control the second cooling mechanism.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of using effluent from a wastewater treatment plant are provided, where treated wastewater can exploit geothermal energy while delivering usable thermal energy to buildings by passing through an effluent distribution system including mains. The effluent distribution system mains can also recover the effluent used in each building and return the thermally exploited effluent to one or more ecological recharge basins, where at each basin the mains can join an infrastructure to distribute effluent to vegetation or exploit geothermal energy throughout the basin before redistributing the geothermally regulated effluent to buildings, or export the effluent to a network of EDS, or import effluent from a network of EDS.

Abstract: An evaporative air conditioning heat transfer apparatus comprising a collection surface for diverting liquid into a channel, a reservoir capable of receiving and storing the diverted liquid, at least one conduit for transferring liquid from the reservoir to a liquid dispersion point, and a regulator positioned between the reservoir and the liquid dispersion point and configured to control the amount of liquid released at the liquid dispersion point, wherein the liquid dispersion point is configured to distribute the liquid over a condensing coil.

Abstract: A device for cooling glassware is described herein. The device can be arranged with existing glass containers and can efficiently cool heated glassware to room temperature, reducing instances of thermal shock and resulting microfractures. The device comprises a body 102, a cooling element 104, a power supply 106, and a control element 108. The device is particularly useful in the context of restaurant and food services operation and increases productivity and safety while reducing space requirements and inventory costs.

Abstract: A mounting system for an industrial compression system including a first component close-coupled to a second component includes a first support for the first component. The first support is configured to resist movement of the first component in a first direction substantially horizontal relative to the first component, a second direction substantially vertical relative to the first component, and an axial direction relative to the first component. The mounting system also includes a second support for the second component. The second support is configured to resist movement of the second component in a first direction substantially horizontal relative to the second component and a second direction substantially vertical relative to the second component, wherein the second support permits movement of the second component in an axial direction relative to the second component.

Abstract: A control system for providing thermal management of electronic equipment housed in a cabinet enclosure. The system can include a plurality of sensors in proximity to the cabinet enclosure for monitoring a temperature, a pressure and a humidity associated with the electronic equipment; and a controller in communication with the sensors for receiving data from the sensors, where the controller adjusts the temperature, the pressure and the humidity associated with the electronic equipment.

Abstract: A mast arrangement comprises: a mast arranged for carrying a first module of a radio network node, a holding structure adapted to receive a lower portion of the mast, and a housing for a second module of the radio network node. An air inlet channel in the mast is connected to the housing via an inlet passage, and an air outlet channel in the mast is connected to the housing via an outlet passage. An interior of the housing is arranged to direct an airflow from the inlet passage along, and/or through, the second module to the outlet passage. Further, a radio network node and a method of cooling the second module in a radio network node are provided.

Abstract: Embodiments of the subject invention relate to a method and apparatus for thermally protecting a product, such as when storing and/or shipping a product, so as to control the temperatures the products are exposed to. Embodiments can increased the amount of time the product and/or portions of the product experience a desired temperature range and/or reduce the amount of time the product and/or portions of the product experience temperatures outside of the desired temperature range and/or experience an undesirable temperature range. Embodiments can incorporate thermally conductive materials, such as aluminum sheets, positioned around and/or near the product positioned inside a packaging container, such that the conductive materials conduct heat from one or more locations in the interior of the package to one or more other locations in the interior of the package. These thermally conductive materials can be referred to as conductive equalizers.

Abstract: Heat exchanger element for installation in sewage pipelines, the top side of which heat exchanger element has a heat-conducting exchange surface with heat exchanger chambers arranged on it, the heat exchanger element has in cross section a run-in gutter and run-off surfaces contiguous to the latter on both sides, and, in the region of the run-in gutter and the run-off surfaces, lines for the forward run, return run and distribution of a heat exchanger medium are arranged, the floor point of the run-in gutter, the lower region of the lines and/or the free margins of the run-off surfaces being designed as bearings for arranging the heat exchanger element in the sewage pipeline.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for an electronics rack is provided which includes a door assembly coupled to the electronics rack at an inlet or air outlet side of the rack. The door assembly includes: an airflow opening configured to facilitate ingress or egress of airflow through the electronics rack with the door assembly mounted to the rack; an air-to-coolant heat exchanger disposed so that airflow through the airflow opening passes across the air-to-coolant heat exchanger, the air-to-coolant heat exchanger being configured to extract heat from the airflow passing thereacross; and a vapor condenser configured to facilitate condensing of dielectric fluid vapor egressing from at least one immersion-cooled electronic component section of the electronics rack. The cooling apparatus, including the door assembly, facilitates air-cooling and immersion-cooling of different electronic components of the electronics rack.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for an electronics rack is provided which includes a door assembly configured to couple to an air inlet side of the electronics rack. The door assembly includes: one or more airflow openings facilitating passage of airflow through the door assembly and into the electronics rack; one or more air-to-coolant heat exchangers disposed so that airflow through the airflow opening(s) passes across the heat exchanger(s), which is configured to extract heat from airflow passing thereacross; and one or more airflow redistributors disposed in a direction of airflow through the airflow opening(s) downstream of, and at least partially aligned to, the heat exchanger(s). The airflow redistributor(s) facilitates redistribution of the airflow passing across the air-to-liquid heat exchanger(s) to a desired airflow pattern at the air inlet side of the electronics rack, such as a uniform airflow distribution across the air inlet side of the rack.

Abstract: A heat exchanger system extracts heat from sewer waste water. Preferably, a first surface is narrow band in an interior surface of a pipe, and the band is preferably oriented transverse to a direction of fluid flow. In the case of a horizontal pipe, the band may be a partial band, and may be limited substantially to a wetted portion of the pipe in order to reduce the size of the band.

Abstract: An aircraft support pylon designed to attach a turbomachine housed in a nacelle to an aircraft fuselage is disclosed. The pylon includes a cooler, located substantially in the vicinity of a leading edge of the pylon, and able to be heated by a hot fluid, the hot fluid intended to be cooled by heat exchange with cold air outside the cooler. The pylon also includes at least one air evacuation duct, at the exit from the cooler and extending longitudinally in an internal volume of the pylon to a trailing edge of the pylon.

Abstract: A heat dissipating protective cover for electronic devices includes a bottom plate, a protective edge disposed around the periphery of the bottom plate, a containing space defined by an enclosure jointly formed by the bottom plate and the protective edge for containing an electronic device, and a heat dissipating plate installed in the bottom plate, so that the heat generated by the electronic device installed with the protective cover is dissipated through the heat dissipating plate to the outside to achieve a good heat dissipation effect during the operation of the electronic device without the need of removing the protective cover and assure the service life of the electronic device. Meanwhile, the electronic device can be operated without removing the protective cover, so that the protective cover will not be lost easily, and this design can eliminate the trouble and inconvenience of the users.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat collection system for a roof, the system including a roof deck, a membrane upwardly adjacent of the roof deck; a fluid channel disposed between the membrane and the roof deck, the fluid channel having a defined entry port and a defined exit port, the entry port and the exit port being disposed in fluid communication via the fluid channel.

Abstract: A method is provided for conditioning a heat/cold storage device of a vehicle by electric energy, as well as a vehicle configured to perform the method. The heat/cold storage device may be provided for heating and/or cooling a vehicle component or a passenger compartment of the vehicle. The electric energy used for conditioning is generated partially or completely from the kinetic energy of the vehicle by a generator which is provided in the vehicle during braking actions or in the overrun mode of the vehicle.

Abstract: When a predetermined seat air conditioning command is provided to air-condition a predetermined seat, a control part allows conditioned-air to be blown off only from an air outlet air-conditioning the predetermined seat as a control for a predetermined seat state. In the predetermined seat state, when a stop command is provided to stop an air conditioning blower, the control part controls the air conditioning blower to stop sending air, and controls at least one air outlet of a plurality of air outlets into an open state, the at least one air outlet air-conditioning the other seat except the predetermined seat.

Abstract: A method and a device for influencing the temperature of at least one electromechanical component situated in a motor vehicle, in which a transmission situated in the motor vehicle is cooled by a transmission oil flowing in a transmission cooling circuit. A cooling circuit branch is provided for influencing the temperature of the electromechanical component. The transmission oil also flows in the cooling circuit branch as a heat carrier. The flow rate of the transmission oil in the cooling circuit branch is influenced for influencing the temperature of the electromechanical component as a function of the setpoint operating temperature and/or the actual operating temperature of the electromechanical component.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment is an article, the article comprising: a material, which adjusts at least one surface property in response to a climate condition to affect energy exchange between the exterior and the interior of the article. Another embodiment provides a structure, comprising: a building facade envelope, comprising a material: wherein the envelope adjusts at least one surface property in response to a climate condition, to affect energy exchange between the exterior and the interior of the envelope.

Abstract: An automobile including an electric motor, a passenger compartment, an electronic power circuit, and a cooling circuit for the electronic power circuit, in which a coolant flows and which includes: a heat exchanger configured to discharge calories carried by the coolant to outside of the vehicle; a heating radiator provided upstream from the exchanger and configured to transfer the calories carried by the coolant to air in the passenger compartment; and an adiabatic tank configured to store at least a fraction of the coolant flowing in the cooling circuit.

Abstract: An integrated cooling and climate control system for an offshore wind turbine featuring a reservoir having first and second chambers located in an upper region of the tower. Upper and lower cooling circuits distribute coolant fluid through heat generating structures in the nacelle to a lower portion of the wind turbine where the heated coolant fluid is thermally connected to a sea water heat sink. The cooled coolant fluid is then distributed back to the reservoir. The reservoir has a hollow center and is positioned on a platform having a hollow center. The inlet and outlet pipes of the upper cooling circuit freely hang inside the reservoir chambers so that they may be displaced as the nacelle yaws in order to maintain sufficient circulation of the coolant fluid in the upper cooling circuit. In jacket foundation configurations, the tubular support structures may serve as the lower cooling circuit pipes.

Abstract: A synthetic jet equipment is provided, including a base, a frame fixed to the base, a first member, a pump diaphragm, a second member, and a valve diaphragm. The pump diaphragm connects the first member to the frame, and the valve diaphragm connects the second member to the frame. The base, the frame, the first member, the pump diaphragm, the second member, and the valve diaphragm define a chamber forming an intake and an outlet. When the first member moves in a first direction, the second member moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction and the external air flows into the chamber through the inlet. When the first member moves in the second direction, the second member moves in the first direction, such that the air is exhausted from the chamber through the outlet.

Abstract: A radiant climate control system having a panel system. The panel system includes a first panel and a second panel. The first panel has an attachment surface. An impermeable channel is formed in the attachment surface. The second panel is attached to the attachment surface and covers at least a portion of the impermeable channel. The second panel has a greater thermal conductivity than the first panel to promote thermal energy transfer between a fluid in the impermeable channel and an environment proximate the panel system through the second panel. The panel system is joined with a compatible panel system, and the impermeable channel of the first panel is mated with a compatible channel of the compatible panel system, thereby allowing fluid communication between the panel system and the compatible panel system.

Abstract: At least one heat generating radio unit in an active antenna system unit, the cooling system comprising at least one fan and an air duct, where each heat generating radio unit to be cooled by the cooling system is arranged connected to a heat sink unit comprising cooling fins, the heat sink unit being arranged to transfer heat between the radio unit and the ambient air, where the at least one fan is arranged to generate a primary air flow of ambient air in the air duct between at least one air duct inlet and at least one air duct outlet, where the air duct is arranged to extend in the longitudinal direction (A) of the active antenna system unit along each of the said heat sink units and to border on each of the said heat sink units.

Abstract: Provided is a thermal energy network system including: a first thermal station that stores first thermal energy using a first heat source and supplies the first thermal energy to a first demand source used for residence or commerce; and a second thermal station that stores second thermal energy using a second heat source and supplies the second thermal energy to a second demand source used for industry, wherein the first thermal station and the second thermal station manage a base load of a thermal energy network, and the first thermal energy and the second thermal energy are transferred between the first thermal station and the second thermal station as needed.

Abstract: A conveyor for moving hot material at temperatures on this order of 1000° F. or higher along a conveyor trough receiving the material has one or more coolant liquid flow vessels extending over but spaced from the outer surface of a trough inner wall to indirectly cause cooling of the inner wall. A heat transfer path is established between a separate coolant flow vessel and the hot trough defined by a packed together mass of heat conductive beads interposed to controllably transfer heat into the coolant liquid flowing through the flow vessel to prevent boiling of the coolant while allowing heat to be transferred from the through into the coolant in the separate flow vessel. The arrangement of a mass of heat conductive beads is also used to provide a non rigid mechanical support of fluid carrying tubing, the support having a predetermined thermal conductivity.

Abstract: A heat transfer system includes a steam chamber that communicates in an open-loop arrangement with a first steam source for supplying steam to the steam chamber, the steam chamber including a steam exit for supplying steam to air at atmospheric pressure. A heat transfer tube communicates in a closed-loop arrangement with a second steam source for supplying steam to an interior surface of the heat transfer tube, the heat transfer tube vaporizing condensate forming within the heat transfer system back to steam that is supplied to the air via the steam exit. The outer surface of the heat transfer tube is configured to contact the condensate and vaporize the condensate back into steam, wherein the heat transfer tube includes a plurality of pockets formed on the outer surface of the tube, each pocket including a pocket exit/entry portion having a smaller cross-sectional area than the cross-sectional area of the pocket at a root portion thereof adjacent the outer surface of the tube.

Abstract: A film deposition apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a reaction chamber, a susceptor, a heating module, a driving module, and a cooling module. The susceptor is used for bearing at least one wafer; the heating module is used for heating the wafer; the driving module is used for driving the susceptor to rotate. The cooling module is disposed between the heating module and the driving module. The cooling module is configured to make the temperature distribution between the heating module and the driving module discontinuous.

Abstract: A windshield washer fluid heater having a housing which defines a housing chamber. A subhousing is disposed in the housing chamber. This subhousing is constructed of a thermally conductive material and divides the housing chamber into an outer housing chamber between the housing and the subhousing, and an inner housing chamber inside the subchamber. The outer housing chamber and inner housing chambers are fluidly isolated from each other. A core is disposed in the inner housing chamber thus forming an annular fluid chamber between the core and the subhousing. A washer fluid inlet on the housing is open to one end of the annular chamber while a washer fluid outlet at the other end is open to the other end of the annular chamber. An engine coolant inlet is open to the outer chamber while an engine coolant outlet is also open to the outer chamber at a position spaced from the inlet so that fluid flow into the coolant inlet flows through the outer housing chamber and to the coolant outlet.

Abstract: A heat-dissipating module is disposed within an electronic device. The heat-dissipating module includes at least one vibration element, a bracket, and a driving unit. The vibration element includes a working part and a free end. The bracket is connected with the working part of the at least one vibration element. The driving unit is connected with the bracket. When the driving unit drives the bracket to vibrate at a vibration frequency, the vibration element is moved with the bracket, and a resonant vibration causes the free end of the vibration element to generate a displacement, so that an airflow is generated at the free end of the vibration element to cool the electronic device.

Abstract: A heat dissipation substrate comprises a substrate material and a heat conductive liquid. The substrate material comprises a plurality of holes and the heat conductive liquid is permeated into the holes. The thermal expansion coefficient of the heat conductive liquid is larger than that of the substrate material. A heat dissipation substrate manufacturing method comprises steps of mixing a sinter powder and an adhesive to form a substrate material; placing the substrate material into a furnace to perform a sintering process in order to form a plurality of holes in the substrate material; and permeating a heat conductive liquid into the holes.

Abstract: An ventilating and air conditioning apparatus includes a circulating fan for sucking air from a sucking port open to a first indoor space and blowing the air through a blowout port into the first indoor space, a ventilating fan for sucking air from an exhausting port open to a second indoor space and evacuating the air to the outdoors for ventilation, and a refrigerant circuit formed of a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger for exchanging heat of air blown into the first indoor space by the circulating fan with the refrigerant, an expanding mechanism for expanding the refrigerant, and a second heat exchanger for exchanging heat of air blown into the second indoor space by the ventilating fan with the refrigerant. The compressor, first heat exchanger, expanding mechanism, and second heat exchanger are coupled together with pipes for the refrigerant to circulate therethrough in this order.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for holding and cooling substrates during processing. A substrate clamp has an engagement portion for engaging a substrate about the inside diameter as well as a portion of the substrate surface immediately adjacent to the inside diameter. The clamp has a retracted position which enables the engagement portion to fit through the substrate ID, and an expanded position which enables the engagement portion to engage the substrate ID and the substrate surface immediately adjacent to the inside diameter. The clamp can include a conformal coating to enhance engagement between the substrate and the engagement portion. The clamp can also include an energy absorbing coating on one or more surfaces to maximize the absorption of radiative energy emitted from the substrate. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An apparatus for tracking a portable asset includes a solar panel, an electronics assembly integrated into an enclosure, and a heat spreading assembly adjacent the solar panel, the heat spreading assembly located to form an air gap separating the heat spreading assembly from the electronics assembly such that heat generated by the solar panel is dissipated in the air gap before reaching the electronics assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus for transferring thermal energy to or from a battery cell is disclosed, which includes a thermally conductive plate enclosing a conduit in communication with an inlet for receiving a heat transfer fluid stream and being configured to cause the fluid to flow through the plate to an outlet. The plate has a surface for receiving thermal energy generated by operation of the battery cell and is operable to couple thermal energy to the fluid. In one aspect the plate includes first and second opposing walls and the conduit includes a first conduit portion formed in the first wall and a second corresponding conduit portion formed in the second wall defining the conduit. In another aspect the conduit includes an aperture in a central wall and first and second cover walls on either side of the central wall. The cover walls enclose aperture and provide a seal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carrier structure (1) for partitioning and/or inner partitioning with integrated heating and/or cooling. The structure is characterized in that it comprises mounts (2) that can be fixed to the structure of a building and adapted for receiving a cladding (8); through chutes (5) formed so that they can be attached on said mounts (2); and a network of heating and/or cooling members (6) extending in a portion or the totality of said chutes (5). The invention also relates to a mount and a chute for realizing such a structure, and to a partitioning or inner partitioning for implementing the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and circuit arrangement for recovering heat from wastewaters, comprising—a wastewater circuit having a sewage intake shaft (4) connected to a common sewer (1) through a raw sewage line (2), and at least one heat exchanger (7) connected to the sewage intake shaft (4,—a primary circuit having at least one heat pump (8), and—a secondary circuit comprising at least one storage tank (9) and at least one heat utiliser, where the wastewater circuit, the primary circuit, and the secondary circuit are arranged to be in heat-transfer connection, and,—where the sewage is fed to one side of the wastewater circuit heat exchanger (2) and the working medium of the heat pump (9) of the primary circuit is fed to the other side of the same heat exchanger (9), with the working medium of the heat pump (8) being fed in a storage tank (9) and the storage tank (9) is connected to a heat utiliser.

Abstract: A condenser or heat exchanger includes a circulation system for moving a cooling fluid, and a graphite foam in thermal communication with the circulation system. The condenser or heat exchanger can be used to remove water, or more particularly freshwater from water vapor or steam produced from seawater.

Abstract: A cooling system includes a first cooling part to cool a connecting part of a heating element with a first coolant having an electrical insulating property, the connecting part providing electrical connection between the heating element and a board, and a second cooling part to cool another part of the heating element with a second coolant, said other part being different from the connecting part.

Abstract: An exhaust impingement cooling device for reducing heating effects of an exhaust plume on an impinged surface. An exhaust nozzle exit screen is positioned across an exhaust plume flow path, and includes a plurality of flowpath diverging apertures that spread at least a portion of an exhaust plume that is being emitted along the exhaust plume flow path from an exhaust plume source. Flow control jets are arrayed within the exhaust plume flow path in respective positions where their operation will augment the flow of exhaust plume gases through the screen, thereby increasing the momentum and mixing of the exhaust plume with cooler ambient air.

Abstract: A heat sink includes a main structure and a peripheral structure. The main structure includes a bottom surface and a wall portion. The wall portion surrounds the outer edge of the bottom surface. The wall portion has a plurality of vents. The peripheral structure surrounds the outer edge of the main structure. The peripheral structure has a plurality of first flow paths and a plurality of second flow paths. Each of the first flow paths is located adjacent to the outside of the wall portion. Each of the second flow paths is communicated to the bottom surface via the corresponding vent.

Abstract: A seat cooling system for a vehicle seat comprising: a cooling fluid container; a mechanism to transfer cooling fluid from the cooling fluid container into a bottom portion of the seat; and a mechanism to transfer cooling fluid from the cooling fluid container into a lumbar portion of the seat. In one exemplary embodiment, the mechanism to transfer cooling fluid from the cooling fluid container into a bottom portion of the seat may include a plurality of coils. Furthermore, the mechanism to transfer cooling fluid from the cooling fluid container into a lumbar portion of the seat may also include a plurality of coils.

Abstract: A cooling cabinet includes a cabinet and a heat exchange member and an air ventilation member are received therein. A first pipe group and a second pipe group are located in the heat exchange member and each of the first and second pipe groups includes multiple parallel circulation pipes. Two respective first ends of the first pipe group and the second pipe group are in communication with each other, and two respective second ends of the first and second pipe groups are respectively in communication with a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet. The refrigerant flows through the first pipe group via the refrigerant inlet and then flows through the second pipe group and exits from the refrigerant outlet. The air ventilation member is located beside the heat exchange member and ventilates the air inside and outside of the cabinet via the heat exchange member.

Abstract: A compact hydronic space and water heating apparatus and system is disclosed for use in a recreational vehicle. A liquid heating medium, stored within a low pressure tank, is recirculated through a gas fired heater thereby maintaining a desired set point temperature. The liquid heating medium is further circulated through the vehicles hydronic space heaters to heat the interior of the vehicle. Further fresh domestic water is passed through a heat transfer coil within the tank whereby hot domestic water may be provided. An auxiliary heating device is attached to the tank whereby hot combustion engine coolant may assist in maintaining the temperature of the liquid heating medium within the tank and/or reversed to pre heat the combustion engine if and when needed.

Abstract: A heat sink apparatus for an exothermic element includes a first copper heat plate for accumulating heat of an exothermic element, a copper heat path for conducting the accumulated heat in an extended direction of the copper heat path, a second copper heat plate for dispersing the conducted heat, and a heat fin for discharging the accumulated or discharged heat to the outside.

Abstract: A temperature control device for a climate control loop comprising at least one handle piece.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a wind power installation comprising a pod having at least one fluid-cooled component and a heat exchanger. To simplify transport and construction of a wind power installation with a heat exchanger and thus to eliminate or at least reduce sources of error in the wind power installation of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification the heat exchanger is integrated into the external contour of the pod. In that respect the present invention is based on the realization that in that way when transporting and handling the pod, there is no need for any alterations worth mentioning, at the same time however the heat exchanger can also be installed upon assembly of the pod in the factory and can be tested for satisfactory functioning. That leads to a simplification in transporting and constructing the wind power installation and at the same time eliminates possible error sources.

Abstract: The system and apparatus according to the invention includes a panel of material which is made up of a body of open cell, reticulated, porous material (e.g., polyurethane foam) surrounded on the sides and bottom by a barrier of waterproof material. A layer of highly reflective, water permeable material is positioned on top of and covers substantially all of the top surface of the body of porous material. A drain can be positioned at the bottom of the panel to provide a slow, gravity feed to release water from the panel.

Abstract: A heat transfer system is provided by the present disclosure that includes, in one form, a structural member having an upper skin, a lower skin, and a foam core disposed between the upper skin and the lower skin. At least one heat conducting array extends through the foam core and between the upper skin and the lower skin, the heat conducting array defining at least one upper cap, at least one lower cap, and a wall portion extending between the upper cap and the lower cap, the upper cap being disposed proximate a heat source. A heat conducting spreader is disposed between the lower cap of the heat conducting array and the lower skin of the structural member.