Abstract: Low energy demand structure with side walls, roof, and foundation is disclosed wherein the side walls have inner and outer structures, the outer structure of frame construction with very heavy insulation substantially filling the outer structure. The inner surface of the outer wall structure is provided with a panel cover to hold the insulation in place and over the panel a moisture impermeable seal is placed. The inner wall structure is of vertical frame construction and provides circulating air passages and a finish interior surface. The ceiling is of similar structure with the circulating air passages of the ceiling and walls in communication with each other. The upper portion of the structure rests on foundation walls which extend at least 3-4' below the frost line and which are faced with rigid foam insulation also extending 3-4' below the frost line.

Abstract: Temperature control apparatus comprising a system of conduits or pipes at least a portion of which are perpendicularly related and connected by means accommodating the movement therethrough of heat exchange fluid feature interconnecting means which are free of weldments. In a preferred embodiment of the system so provided, at least a portion of the conduits or pipes are embodied as integral parts of upright and/or horizontal members fabricated of heat conductive material. The preferred material of said conduits or pipes and the members of which they form a part is aluminum. The interconnecting means include elements which have a plug-like form and embody one or more passages for flow therethrough of the heat exchange fluid.

Abstract: A double floor with framed floor plates of heat-conductive and/or heat storage materials, particularly a mineral material such as anhydrite in a metal vat-shaped outer armature. A system of pipes carrying a heating or cooling medium is held in heat-conductive contact with the bottom surfaces of the framed floor plates.

Abstract: In a hot water system, a receptor heat exchanger unit mounted in a wall with a flat surface exposed in a room. A refrigerator positioned in that room has a plate with a condenser coil thereon. The plate is exposed, and it extends outwardly beyond the wall of the refrigerator body and at the wall, and the plate is positioned in heat transfer engagement with the exposed surface on the receptor heat exchanger unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solar heater for heating water comprising two sheets of blackened materials constituting one unit connected to each other by partition walls constituting longitudinal channels for the water to be heated and at both sides manifolds suitably closed at their ends having an inlet or outlet for the cold and hot water, respectively. The invention relates also to a method for the preparation of said solar heater.

Abstract: A device for controlling the temperature of rooms in a building comprising curtain walls having a skeleton made up of columns and horizontal members to which facade elements and, if required, window surfaces are secured so as to be substantially free from heat bridges, comprising a temperature-control facility substantially in the form of a pipeline system in which a heat transfer fluid flows, said pipeline system being constructed and arranged to dispose inside the room and adjacent the skeleton of columns and horizontal members and relative to the skeleton so as to produce a thermal coupling between the skeleton and the temperature control facility. In certain applications the temperature control facility is disposed at a relatively short distance from and in facing relation to the skeleton in an arrangement producing a close radiation coupling between the skeleton and the temperature control facility.

Abstract: Air condition control for buildings, having a roof structure of roof trusses relatively widely spaced, between which self-supporting roof plates are laid and covered by a covering layer so that a gap is formed between the covering layer and the roof plates. Air is passed in one or the other direction through a ventilation opening in the roof, through the air gap (13) and through ducts (9) in the roof plates. Air sucked in from the atmosphere through the ventilation opening passes through the ducts to an air conditioning unit (5) and to a distribution device (6) to maintain a suitable temperature in the building. Air flow can also be inverted by being supplied in the form of outdoor air to the air conditioning unit (5) and after its passage through the building being conducted away into the atmosphere through the roof structure by the ventilation opening.

Abstract: A furnace assembly of the type used for melting of ore concentrate, wherein at least one separating wall is provided within the confines of the furnace to dip into the melt and divides the furnace space into separate melting, settling, and exhaust spaces. The specific improvement of the present invention involves providing a separating wall which is composed of individual metallic cooling elements in a stacked arrangement with each cooling element being provided with means for passing a coolant therethrough.

Abstract: A house or other like structure is constructed out or ribbed concrete panels. In the outer walls a single ribbed panel is used with a thick overlying layer of insulation followed by a facade covering. Windows are double-paned and are installed in a concrete frame which is formed as part of the outside wall. The interior walls and floors have two ribbed panels facing one another, thus forming interpositional spaces between the ribs. By careful arrangement and interlocking of the ribbed panels, circulation of air is made possible through air circuits formed by the interpositional spaces, thus allowing for ventilation and, if the air is heated or cooled, enabling the interior walls to act as heat exchange surfaces.

Abstract: A heat insulation system for an attic and the like comprises a moving fluid barrier between layers of static insulation. In the disclosed embodiment the fluid barrier comprises a plane of moving air which extends over substantially the entire surface to be insulated. A method of circulating air through the air passage of the air barrier to reduce the temperature gradient between the attic and an underlying room is also disclosed.

Abstract: A building is disclosed an integrated solar heating system forming a part of the design of the building by a portion of the heating system being the structural support walls in the form of vertically disposed hollow vessels preferably made of metal. Insulation is applied to opposite sides of the vessels. A fluid is circulated from an upper manifold through heating panels to an intermediate manifold which in turn communicates with the upper end of the vessels. A lower manifold communicates with the lower end of the vessels and with said upper manifold by way of a pump. Ducts for circulating air to rooms of the building are in heat exchange relationship with the hollow vessels.

Abstract: Building construction having at least one wall with an inner surface and an outer surface comprising in combination therewith a heat energy absorbing member disposed outwardly of the outer surface for absorbing solar heat energy, heat radiating members disposed inwardly of the inner surface, and heat transfer elements extending through the wall, the heat transfer elements being in contact with both the heat energy absorbing member and the heat radiating members whereby solar heat energy absorbed by the heat energy absorbing member may be transferred therefrom by the heat transfer elements to the heat radiating members to heat the interior of the building construction.

Abstract: A solar hot-water system having an absorber formed of plastic ducting adapted to be arranged unobtrusively on a roof surface whereby the water is heated by means of direct radiation from the sun and by means of conduction from the roof surface on which the ducting is supported.

Abstract: A heating and cooling structural arrangement for a building, such as a house, wherein the interior of the house is caused to assume the temperature of the ground. A liquid reservoir is located in the ground. A pump is to move liquid from the reservoir to a series of panels which are mounted as part of the interior wall structure of the building. If the ground temperature is 70 degrees, this means that the interior temperature of the house should also become 70 degrees. In the winter, the interior of the building would normally be heated and in the summer, the interior of the building would normally be cooled.

Abstract: Apparatus for climatizing a building comprising means including elements of a structural frame adapted to provide a portion of a facade for such building, at least a portion of said elements being hollow, said hollow elements being formed to provide for movement therethrough of fluid for supplying heat thereto or extracting heat therefrom, means for the delivery of fluid to and for the direction of fluid from said hollow elements, and said hollow elements being arranged for the mounting of facade elements to extend in bridging relation thereto and to be conditioned thereby.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing contaminants from water having solid contaminants dissolved therein. Contaminated water flows across a grid and into a storage tank. The grid utilizes solar energy to heat that water to a predetermined temperature. A heat transfer structure which is dome-shaped and receives water from the storage tank and a preheater means utilizing solar energy heats the water to a further predetermined temperature. An evaporator means receives the heated water and exposes it to a vacuum condition so that the temperature of the water is above the saturation temperature. The water is thus vaporized, and solid contaminants dissolved therein are separated therefrom. The solids are deposited on a plurality of moving belts and are then moved into a solids removal system. The solids removal system comprises a plurality of trap door pairs upon which the solids are deposited and which are sequentially opened so that the vacuum conditions existing in the evaporator are not disturbed.

Abstract: A solar heat collector features a collector panel of double compartment form. One compartment provides a dead air space and the other compartment is provided for heat collection purposes. Such other compartment is subdivided into a series of chambers by means of permeable heat transfer devices. One chamber at one end of the series is provided with a cold air inlet and the opposite end of the compartment is provided with a hot air outlet. Air passes from one compartment to the other by passage through the permeable transfer devices and intermediate chambers are provided with labyrinth baffling means to retard and slow down the flow of air to assure an even cross sectional air flow.

Abstract: A building structure includes a plurality of structural load bearing wall portions in thermal contact with the external atmosphere and further load bearing means located inside the building structure in thermal contact with the internal atmosphere of the building. The structural load bearing wall portions are formed by a plurality of liquid tight, hollow load bearing panel members for the flow of a liquid at a preselected temperature therethrough. Each of the panel members includes inlet means for the introduction of liquid therein and outlet means for the removal of liquid therefrom. The panel members and their inlet and outlet means are arranged and connected in fluid flow relation to provide a predetermined flow pattern of the liquid through the load bearing structural wall portions. Pumping means are connected in fluid flow relation to the panel members for forcing liquid through said wall portions.

Abstract: An apparatus for the storage of thermal energy and for the distribution of such thermal energy to the interior of a building. The preferred system utilizes prestressed, precast concrete decking panels with hollow cores through which a fluid conducting conduit extends to form a grid within the decking panels. Selected cores have spaced ports communicating with face surfaces of the panels to provide an air flow passage through the selected cores. Fluid from a primary heat storage is controllably circulated through the conduit so that the fluid and the panels provide a secondary storage as well as a heat radiator for continuous even heating while the air flow passages permit forced or gravity flow heating of air for rapidly compensating for an extreme or sudden heat loss.

Abstract: The self contained, combined cooling and heating, air conditioning unit comprises a vertically elongated, generally rectangular cabinet adapted to be disposed in a vertically elongated, generally rectangular, relatively narrow opening formed in the exterior wall of an apartment building, small office building, townhouse or similar building wherein it is desired to have independent temperature control for the rooms and wherein the exterior building wall is, to a relatively large extent, glass or windows. A vertically disposed wall divides the interior of the cabinet into an inside compartment and an outside compartment which is in communication with the exterior of the building by means of an outside fresh air grille that extends substantially the entire vertical length of the outside facing end wall of the cabinet.

Abstract: A metal building with an integrated hot water heating system includes a heater for heating water, pipes connected between the heater and heating grids in the floor of the building and the structural columns and beams of the frame of the building for circulation of hot water through the frame and floor of the building to heat the building primarily with radiant energy, wherein a substantially uniform temperature is maintained throughout the building, and a savings of up to 70% in energy required to heat the building is realized.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a dwelling structure includes a floor heating structure including copper piping embedded within a concrete slab having insulation thereunder, having hot water circulated to the concrete slab conduits from a solar cell unit arranged along an upright outer wall of the dwelling at an elevation substantially beneath the floor heating structure and with a hot water containing reservoir vessel located at an elevation substantially above the floor heating structure in flow series in closed circuit for flow from the vessel to the floor heating structure downwardly to a lower portion of the solar cells and upwardly from an upper portion of the solar cells to the reservoir vessel, by heat convection flow, the solar cells being arranged substantially along the upright outer wall of the dwelling, and the individual cells being cylindrical rotatable cells rotatable around the elongated axis thereof, adapted such that the angle of incidence of sunlight rays is adjustable intermit

Abstract: A temperature modifying system for a building having windows, some of which are exposed to the direct rays of the sun and some of which are not. The system includes a plurality of double paned windows, a heat exchange unit, an air ducting system interconnecting the windows and heat exchange unit, and an air handling unit for forcing air through the ducting system. The air moves sequentially through the heat exchange unit, the air handling unit, the ducting to the windows, through the double paned windows and back through ducting to the heat exchange unit. Each window includes parallel transparent panels spaced apart in a conventional manner, but including apertures for the entrance and exit of air conducted through the system. Light and heat reflecting slat means are mounted between the parallel panels to reflect outwardly the radiant heat from the sun. A temperature sensing device is mounted to measure the temperature of the air exiting from each active window unit.

Abstract: A heat radiating sled frame mountable under the base of an ice fishing shelter. When connected to a source of hot gas, the frame radiates heat, melting surrounding ice and freeing the frame and shelter for removal from the site where it has become frozen in place.

Abstract: A building structure includes a plurality of structural load bearing wall portions in thermal contact with the external atmosphere and further load bearing means located inside the building structure in thermal contact with the internal atmosphere of the building. The structural load bearing wall portions are formed by a plurality of liquid tight, hollow load bearing panel members for the flow of a liquid at a preselected temperature therethrough. Each of the panel members includes inlet means for the introduction of liquid therein and outlet means for the removal of liquid therefrom. The panel members and their inlet and outlet means are arranged and connected in fluid flow relation to provide a predetermined flow pattern of the liquid through the load bearing structural wall portions. Pumping means are connected in fluid flow relation to the panel members for forcing liquid through said wall portions.

Abstract: A plurality of structural unit bodies are utilized to construct a structure by suitably assembling the unit bodies. Each structural unit body comprises an outer flange and an inner flange extending from one end edge and the other end edge respectively of a box-shaped frame. A stuffed box is secured to the surface of the inner flange and the stuffed box is in the form of a flat box made of a dampproof material. The stuffed box is covered on the outside with a metal net-like material and has disposed therein a pipe capable of passing fluid therethrough. The box is stuffed with noncombustible materials. The upper portion of the middle section of the frame, the inside flange surface and the entire surface of the stuffed box is plastered or covered with mortar whereby there is formed a circumferential groove between the outer flange and the underside of the mortar.