Abstract: A cooling plate for an iron and steelmaking furnace includes a copper cooling plate body having at least one cooling duct for a cooling medium extending essentially parallel with the back of the cooling plate body. The cooling plate body further includes a preformed, externally accessible recess into which the cooling duct opens. A connection piece is utilized as a cooling medium connection on the back of the cooling plate body, while a formed piece fitted within the externally accessible recess forms a deflection surface for the cooling medium flowing from the connection piece into the cooling duct, or from the cooling duct into the connection piece.

Abstract: The present invention relates to edge panel blocks for room heating consisting of an edge panel block (Ia) comprising a heat transmitting plate (4) laid on a heat insulating layer (3) with supports (3a) therein; a heat storage layer (5) laid on the heat transmitting plate (4); a U-shaped groove (2a) formed with a depth going through the thickness of the heat storage layer (5) and further halfway into the heat insulating layer (3) in such a way that the ends of the U-shaped groove (2a) may align with the grooves of the adjacent panel block; an edge panel block (Ib) comprising a heat insulating layer (3), a heat transmitting plate (4), a heat storage layer (5); a U-shaped groove (2b) and a straight groove (2c) behind the U-shaped groove (2b) for connection at both ends, said edge panel blocks (Ia, Ib) forming one set of edge panel blocks, for inserting a heating tube (P) and laying finishing materials (6) thereon.

Abstract: A heat exchanger system, especially for a room, including a thermal element comprising a surface; a heat spreader comprising at least one sheet of compressed particles of exfoliated graphite having a density of at least about 0.6 g/cc and a thickness of less than about 10 mm, and further comprising a first side and a second side, wherein the heat spreader is positioned relative to the thermal element such that the heat spreader is at least partially wrapped around the thermal element so that the first side of the heat spreader is in a thermal transfer relationship with a portion of the thermal element surface.

Abstract: A plug flow reactor having an inner shell 27 surrounded by outer shell 21 and having at least one annular flow passage 35 therebetween can be used to prepare compositions, including polymers. The plug flow reactor also includes inlet port 36, an outlet port 37 and a plurality of exchanger tubes 26 wherein the exchanger tubes are in fluid communication to the at least one annular flow passage. Polystyrene and high impact polystyrene can be prepared using the reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to cooling equipment for cooling liquid, comprising a cooling tower that is mainly cylindrical in the vertical direction, in which case the cooling air feed equipment and the exhaust air discharge equipment are arranged, with respect to the cooling tower, so that both the cooling air flowing direction from the inlet aperture to the cooling space and the exhaust air flowing direction from the discharge equipment is horizontal and parallel to the tangent of the outer surface of the cooling tower. The invention also relates to a method for cooling liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multilayer tube comprising (from the inside to the outside of the tube): an optional layer (C1) consisting of at least one fluorinated polymer; a layer (C2) consisting of at least one radiation-grafted fluorinated polymer which is optionally mixed with at least one fluorinated polymer; an optional layer (C3) of adhesive binder; a layer (C4) consisting of at least one polyolefin or a mixture of at least one polyolefin with at least one functionalised polyolefin; a barrier layer (C5) consisting of a metal shield or comprising EVOH or a mixture based on EVOH, a PVDF or a PGA; and an optional layer (C6) consisting of at least one polyolefin.

Abstract: A room heating apparatus uses separate heating panels fastened to a sub-floor to conduct a heating fluid which then adjusts the temperature of a room. The panels carry fluid tubing and transition panels conduct this tubing between the heating panels. The transition panels have a plurality of grooves that allow the selection of how the tubing is conducted between the heating panels so that a custom heating circuit may be formed to optimize the heating pattern of each installation.

Abstract: A building element of the walls or ceiling or floor has panels made of a thermally conducting material with the panels having pipes located therein. The pipes can selectively be connected to a source of high or low temperature so that the panels adopt a temperature different from ambient temperature which, as a result, allows the panels to cause heating or cooling of an area of the building in which the panels are located.

Abstract: A radiant panel for use in radiant heating and cooling systems that provides numerous benefits over conventional panels currently in use. The radiant panel comprises an offset hydronic radiant tube channel in which is nested a hydronic radiant tube that obviates the need to thread the hydronic tubes through the joists in a ceiling installation or the studs in a wall installation. In an alternative embodiment, specific emissivity coatings on each side of the radiant panel further promote the efficient transfer of heat. The system provides increased sound isolation and is robust enough to withstand the crushing forces associated with a floor installation.

Abstract: A wall assembly comprises a front plate having a window provided therein for accommodating the display screen of a display module of a thin, large-screen television receiver, a holding unit for holding a housing in which the display module is installed, a cooling jacket disposed in contact with a heat conductive sheet joined by pressure to the back side of the housing for cooling and having a flow passage through which a heat exchange medium runs, and a rear plate disposed to confront the front plate, wherein the front plate and the rear plate accommodate the holding unit and the cooling jacket for assembling with the display module.

Abstract: A radiant heating system includes an air-to-fluid heat exchanger, a radiant heating loop and a pump and conduits to circulate heating fluid between the air-to-fluid heat exchanger and the radiant fluid loop. The air-to-fluid heat exchanger is installed within a hot air duct connected to a conventional forced air furnace; preferably in a section of the hot air duct located near the forced air furnace with an expanded cross-section. In operation, the apparatus uses heated air supplied by the forced air furnace to heat the heating fluid circulating through the apparatus. Some of the heat from an air flow supplied by the forced air furnace passing through the hot air duct is transferred to heating fluid in the air-to-fluid heat exchanger, installed within the hot air duct. This heating fluid is then circulated through a radiant heating loop to heat a desired area.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plate-shaped heating panel having connecting members fastened to each other by means of resin. The heating panel comprises upper and lower plates integrally formed to face each other so as to form an inner fluid pathway in which heating water flows, a plurality of connecting members, each symmetrically extending from the upper and lower plates toward the lower and upper plates, respectively, and connecting the upper and lower plates to each other, the plurality of connecting members forming the inner fluid pathway at an inside surface of the plate, and two fluid communication portions for supplying and discharging the heating water, wherein one or more connecting members adjacent to the fluid communication portions are punctured to form holes. The holes are filled with a melted plastic resin, and the integrated plastic resin is integrated with the connecting members by pressing.

Abstract: A floor system that combines a radiant in-floor heating system with a structural floor system using heated air as an energy source and sealed floor panels as radiant bodies. Hot air circulates internally throughout the sealed floor system heating metal joists, a radiant metal sheet, the structural sub-floor, the interior floor surface and objects within the living space above. Hot air is directed from a furnace through a duct and into arranged airflow pathways within the sealed floor system before returning to the furnace via a duct for reheating. The arranged airflow pathways are created by parallel metal joists, the structural sub-floor on the top of the metal joists, an enclosed board at the bottom of the metal joists and wood rim boards. The sealed floor system is prefabricated as modular panels and delivered to the construction site.

Abstract: A foldable floor heating panel can be folded longitudinally and laterally. The foldable floor heating panel includes several small plate-like members of a rectangular plan configuration, which are arranged longitudinally and laterally so as to be adjacent to each other. A flexible thin plate is attached to upper surfaces of the small plate-like members so as to allow longitudinal and lateral folding. Heat carrier flexible tube passages are provided in longitudinal and lateral folding portions of the panel so as to leave some play, and folding margin members are provided at the lateral folding portions. Fit-in members are attachably and detachably provided in respective heat carrier flexible tube passages with some play.

Abstract: This invention concerns a floor buried system for heat distribution comprising heating means of a heating fluid, a pump, at least a rack (12) to which are coupled at least a supply pipe (13), at least a return pipe (18) and connection means characterised in that said at least a rack (12) comprises at least a supply collector pipe (14), at least a return collector pipe (17) and a plurality of supply pipes (1–11), said supply collector pipe (14) being connected to said supply pipe (13), through which the heating fluid flows by means of said pump, heated by said heating means, and in that said supply collector pipe (14) is connected to said plurality of supply pipes (1–11) which reach said at least return collector pipe (17), said at least a return collector pipe (17) being coupled to said at least a return pipe (18) from which outflows said heating fluid cooled.

Abstract: A heated flooring module is provided for livestock stables, which includes an upper plaque, for walking on, which is essentially level; a hollowed central section, with no bottom surface, whose upper surface is equipped with at least one continuous runnel, adapted to contain a heat source that enters and exits the runnel through respective entry and exit tubular segments, with the abovementioned hollowed central section equipped with suspension elements for being suspended from resistant elements such as the bars of a horizontal grid; and an optional under-lid, all of the above arranged in such a way that, when the upper plaque is welded to the upper surface of the hollowed central section, the continuous runnel forms an enclosed circuit which contains the heat source inside, leaving the under-lid fitted into the underside of the hollowed central section.

Abstract: To improve the thermal management of an enclosure for electrical equipment or the like, one or more wall-mounted panels are provided. An air-filled space between each panel and the adjacent wall, door, or ceiling has insulative behavior when the air in the space is stagnant. Accordingly, thermal exchange through the wall, etc. is impeded. When the air in the air-filled space is circulated, thermal exchange is permitted.

Abstract: Disclosed is herein an air hypocaust structure for cooling and/or heating dwellings. In winter, hot air is supplied into a space between an upper and a base plate constituting the air hypocaust structure to heat the dwelling according to a convection and a radiation mechanism. In summer, cold air is supplied to the space between the upper and base plate to cool the dwelling according to the convection mechanism. A plurality of support legs and guide plates are installed between the upper and base plate, and the support legs and guide plates may be integrally formed on the lower side of the upper plate or may be separately produced to be assembled with the upper plate. A hole is formed at a lower end of each of the support legs, and projections each having a sharp tip at an end thereof and corresponding in position to the support legs are formed on the upper side of the base plate.

Abstract: An integrated injection-pumping fixture for transferring heat from a higher-temperature loop to a lower-temperature loop (e.g., in radiant heating, from a boiler loop to a radiant loop). The fixture provides an injection loop for transferring heat from the higher-temperature loop to the lower-temperature loop. The fixture comprises an integrated casting, in which are formed higher-temperature supply and return ports, lower-temperature supply and return ports, an injection pump volute, and a lower-temperature pump volute. Liquid from the higher-temperature loop enters the integrated casting through the higher-temperature supply port, mixes with liquid circulating in the lower-temperature loop, and leaves the integrated casting through the higher-temperature return port.

Abstract: An integrated fixture for transferring heat from a higher-temperature loop to a lower-temperature loop (e.g., in radiant heating, from a heating unit loop to a radiant loop). The fixture provides a heat exchanger for transferring heat from the higher-temperature loop to the lower-temperature loop. The fixture also includes a casting, in which are formed higher-temperature supply and return ports, lower-temperature supply and return ports, a higher-temperature pump volute, and a lower-temperature pump volute. Liquid from the higher-temperature loop enters the integrated fixture through the higher-temperature supply port, passes through one side of the heat exchanger, transferring heat to liquid circulating through the other side of the heat exchanger in the lower-temperature loop, and leaves the integrated fixture through the higher-temperature return port.

Abstract: A heat distribution panel which utilizes an extruded tubing receptacle having a tube receiving channel for tightly gripping the heat tubing throughout the serpentine course of continuous tubing including the straight and curved or looped ends of the parallel straight runs. The tubing receptacle is an extruded cross section of minimum thickness with a plurality of planar surfaces for heat transfer to thermally conductive heat transfer plates or other thermally conductive materials. Curved end sections or components of the receptacle may be formed utilizing existing bending equipment without effecting the function of the receptacle channel. Sheet metal heat transfer plates may be attached to the essentially planar surfaces of the tubing receptacle with a suitable heat conductive adhesive or adhesive tape.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a cooling cover (10) comprising cooling tubular armatures (34) applied against said cooling cover or against an existing cover. The cooling cover is characterized by a sandwich-type assembly of dry-process manufactured upper and lower firestop plates (16, 26) of gypsum plasterboard or plaster mold, separated by spacers (22) so as to form plane cavities (24) where the cooling tubular armatures (16) are situated, the upper plates (16) preferably being provided with a firestop spacer or a heat reflecting layer, for instance an aluminum foil. In an other embodiment, the tubes of the cooling armature are embedded in a sealing material, resulting in a plate being placed either against the lower surface of the dry-process manufactured upper plates or against segments of this surface.

Abstract: In order to improve the heat-conducting connection between a contact element (3) and a ceiling panel (1) which are adhesively bonded to one another, the contact panel (5) of the contact element (3) is provided with an adhesive depression (10) in the contact surface (6), said depression taking up only part of said contact surface, while the remaining part of the latter rests directly against the upper side of the ceiling panel (1). The contact panel (5) may be elastically or plastically deformable, e.g. along a bending groove (9), with the result that it adapts more easily to irregularities, such as those caused, for example, by slight sagging of the ceiling panel (1). This permits larger widths of the contact panel (5) without impairing the thermal contact. In order to ensure close abutment of the parts of the contact surface (6) which are not adhesively bonded to the upper side of the ceiling panel (1), the contact panel (5) can be appropriately prestressed.

Abstract: A prefabricated, self-supporting, modular radiating panel with a sandwich structure comprises a layer of plasterboard and a layer of heat-insulating material. The plasterboard layer incorporates, internally, several continuous pipes which are designed to form independent hydraulic circuits and the end portions of which emerge all along a same edge of the panel. The independent hydraulic circuits are each housed in adjacent modular zones of the panel, the zones being separable from one another so as to provide panel parts of different sizes in a modular manner.

Abstract: A hydronic thermal heating panel made of cementitious material. The panel is made of Portland cement or any other cement that cures to a stony like hardness. The cement may include sand and reinforcing fibers, such as glass, polymer, or wood fibers. Like other hydronic panels, one or more groves are deep enough to entirely receive a hydronic pipe. The panel has backing material to provide strength or sufficient thickness of cementitious material beneath each groove to give adequate strength. The panel may be adhered with mortar or other adhesive or with nails or screws. The panels may be covered with mortar and tile or with any other flooring material.

Abstract: Disclosed is herein an air hypocaust structure for cooling and/or heating dwellings. In winter, hot air is supplied into a space between an upper and a base plate constituting the air hypocaust structure to heat the dwelling according to a convection and a radiation mechanism. In summer, cold air is supplied to the space between the upper and base plate to cool the dwelling according to the convection mechanism. A plurality of support legs and guide plates are installed between the upper and base plate, and the support legs and guide plates may be integrally formed on the lower side of the upper plate or may be separately produced to be assembled with the upper plate. A hole is formed at a lower end of each of the support legs, and projections each having a sharp tip at an end thereof and corresponding in position to the support legs are formed on the upper side of the base plate.

Abstract: A foldable floor heating panel can be folded longitudinally and laterally. The foldable floor heating panel includes several small plate-like members of a rectangular plan configuration, which are arranged longitudinally and laterally so as to be adjacent to each other. A flexible thin plate is attached to upper surfaces of the small plate-like members so as to allow longitudinal and lateral folding. Heat carrier flexible tube passages are provided in longitudinal and lateral folding portions of the panel so as to leave some play, and folding margin members are provided at the lateral folding portions. Fit-in members are attachably and detachably provided in respective heat carrier flexible tube passages with some play.

Abstract: Ceiling apparatus for heating or cooling a space includes one or more spiral shaped coils mounted to individual thermally conductive ceiling tiles suspended above the space to be heated or cooled. The spiral shaped coils are interconnected by flexible hose connections so as to define one or more paths of a heat exchange fluid flowing through the coils so as to provide or remove heat from the ceiling tiles.

Abstract: A thermal control system includes an air colliding chamber bounded by at least a conducting board and an insulating panel. An air jet pipe and an air jet suction pipe extend into the air colliding chamber. Thermally adjusted air is urged into each air jet pipe, and out at least one air jet hole, into the air colliding chamber. In the air colliding chamber, air vortices repeatedly contact the conducting board and thermal transfer occurs. Return air is urged into each air suction pipe through at least one jet suction hole for return and thermal adjustment.

Abstract: An element, such as a floor element, for floor heating systems and the like, and a method of manufacturing such element. The element includes a sheet having at least one channel and a heat transfer layer which extends over one main surface of the sheet and on each side of respective channels, and forms an upwardly open recess that receives a heat transfer conductor and tightly embraces the conductor around half its circumference in the channel, with the upper side of the conductor being flush with or lower than the upper side of the sheet. The heat transfer layer is preferably made of thin, readily flexed foil that has a thickness of less than 200 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A radiant heating system for installation or a subfloor. Header panels having arcuate cutouts are secured on the subfloor near opposite walls of a room. Spaced apart sleepers are secured to extend between the header panels and provide channels that receive radiant heating tubing. The cutouts are initially occupied by break away header plates which can be detached to allow the tubing to curve through the cutouts so that it can extend between the ends of adjacent channels. The cutouts can be inserted back into the cutouts to secure the tubing bends in place. Heat conductive panels overlie the sleepers and channels and can be overlaid with finished flooring.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a concrete floor, particularly a temperable concrete floor, containing an upper side and an underside, containing first concrete-free spaces, particularly cavities, that comprise at least one first wall surface, particularly two, three, four or more wall surfaces, along at least one section, said at least one first wall surface being essentially planar, concave, convex or corrugated or denticulate and being aligned not essentially parallel or perpendicular to the underside and/or upper side of the concrete floor, and containing second concrete-free spaces, particularly second cavities, whereby the first concrete-free spaces, particularly two, three, four or a plurality of first concrete-free spaces, and the second concrete-free spaces are arranged in the concrete floor in alternating succession, at least in sections, and, in particular, connectible to one another or connected to one another, whereby said first concrete-free spaces have a larger maximum diameter in crossect

Abstract: In a hydronic heating system including a heating element that is a length of tubing that conducts water mounted in a wall, floor or ceiling of an area heated by the system against a radiating metal sheet, the method of providing the radiating metal sheet including the steps of: forming a unitary sheet of metal by bending and folding it longitudinally to provide a first protuberance of double thickness and bending and folding it longitudinally to provide a second protuberance of double thickness, the protuberances being evenly spaced apart providing a longitudinal metal slot for holding the tubing, the rest of the metal sheet providing radiation surfaces that extend away from the protuberances in a common plane, whereby the protuberances are substantially perpendicular to the common plane, and the metal slot accommodates the insertion therein of the tubing from one side of the sheet so that the tubing is held therein in intimate thermal contact with the sheet metal, whereby the sheet is heated by conduction of

Abstract: A method and system for high density modular cooling system is disclosed. Cooling coils and fans are interleaved so as to cover all usable space with the enclosed area behind the interleaved cooling coils and fans acting as a plenum. A cooling fluid is circulated through the cooling coils by the interleaved fans.

Abstract: The present invention provides a floor system that combines a radiant in-floor heating system using heated air as an energy source and sealed floor units as radiant bodies in which it allows for the heated air to circulate internally throughout the floor to heat the metal joists, to heat the radiant metal sheet, to warm the sub-floor and then to warm the surface and the objects within the living space. The invention can be a combined radiant and structural floor system or a penalized floor system. The assembly of radiant/structural floor system consists of a radiant metal sheet under the structural sub-floor for conducting and distributing the heat uniformly throughout entire heating zone, and the structural metal floor joists with mechanically arranged ducts and inner air circulation pathway, as well as the enclosure board with insulation and the wooden rim board for sealing the floor panel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stadium with an arena (1) such as an ice rink, and surrounding stand (2) for spectators, and to a channel element for a channel system in the arena (1) and the surrounding stand (2). The arena (1) and the stands (2) comprise a channel system each, arranged so that air may be supplied and/or extracted for cooling or heating the arena (1) when the arena (1) is to be iced or de-iced, or so that the stands (2) may be used for heating and/or cooling of the stadium, respectively. Each channel system is made up of a number of channel elements consisting of at least three interconnected layers (3, 4, 5) of corrugated sheet material. The layers (3, 4, 5) are placed at angles in proportion to each other in such a way that corrugations of layers placed one above the other are preferably mutually perpendicular.

Abstract: Refrigerator including a cold air duct fitted in a space stuffed with an insulating material between an inner case and an outer case of the refrigerator having a triangular section in a part facing the inner case for preventing deformation of the inner case in foaming of the insulating material, thereby preventing deformation of the inner case caused by late foaming.

Abstract: A method for controlling a floor heating system, in which a heating circuit in a room is supplied with a heat carrying fluid within a cycle for a supply period, with the supply period being chosen in dependence of the room temperature. To operate the floor heating more favorably with regard to the energy consumption, at least one additional parameter is registered next to the room temperature. The cycle duration and the duration of the supply period are chosen in dependence of the room temperature and the parameter.

Abstract: An air-conditioning device especially for ceiling placement with low build-in height and comprising at least one preferably vertically oriented heat exchanger, with substantially horizontal percolation of the room air and at least one ventilation channel for fresh air provided substantially parallel to and within a small distance from the heat exchanger, at its outlet side, a downwards open air chamber provided between the ventilation channel and the heat exchanger, and air nozzles provided in the channel side wall of the ventilation channel facing the air chamber, which are directed towards the outlet of the air chamber. The ventilation channel is provided with a preferably convex channel wall which diametrically extends substantially from the upper corner of the ventilation channel to the lower corner of the ventilation channel. The heat exchanger and the ventilation channel are arranged with a downwards, diverging open air space.

Abstract: An air-conditioning device especially for ceiling placement with low build-in height and comprising at least one preferably vertically oriented heat exchanger, with substantially horizontal percolation of the room air and at least one ventilation channel for fresh air provided substantially parallel to and within a small distance from the heat exchanger, at its outlet side, a downwards open air chamber provided between the ventilation channel and the heat exchanger, and air nozzles provided in the channel side wall of the ventilation channel facing the air chamber, which are directed towards the outlet of the air chamber. The ventilation channel is provided with a preferably convex channel wall which diametrically extends substantially from the upper corner of the ventilation channel to the lower corner of the ventilation channel. The heat exchanger and the ventilation channel are arranged with a downwards, diverging open air space.

Abstract: Ceiling apparatus for heating or cooling a space includes one or more spiral shaped coils mounted to individual thermally conductive ceiling tiles suspended above the space to be heated or cooled. The spiral shaped coils are interconnected by flexible hose connections so as to define one or more paths of a heat exchange fluid flowing through the coils so as to provide or remove heat from the ceiling tiles.

Abstract: A modular climate control unit for use with circulating coolant. The unit includes two tangential fans oriented vertically and disposed one over the other. The fans direct air over an aluminum fin/copper fan coil assembly which is in thermal communication with both water coming from and returning to a central water heating or cooling system. The unit is compact and fits between two studs between a wall; air is directed into and out of it through parallel vertical louvers. The orientation of the tangential fans increases unit efficiency while reducing noise levels. The unit is easily accessed for maintenance within the wall and can direct air to an adjacent room.

Abstract: A system for the thermoregulation of a room with radiant panels, comprising a source for feeding thermovector liquid; radiant panels in which a thermovector liquid passes; the radiant panels comprising a rear wall and a front or radiant wall for thermal exchange with a room to be thermoregulated and, between the radiant wall and the rear wall, a gap space wherein channels are confined having a linear development, sweeping all the radiant wall completely covering the area thereof from behind, for a passage of the thermovector liquid so guided as to uniformly, entirely sweep the radiant wall. The radiant panels are built from aluminum box elements, and thermal exchange promoting twisted strips are arranged in the channels.

Abstract: In a hydronic radiant heating and/or cooling system modular panels each of a metal plate or sheet on a board or boards providing a slot into which tubing is inserted and held against the plate in intimate thermal contact therewith, so that the plate is heated/cooled by conduction of heat between the water in the tubing and the plate, the improvement in which two or more of said panels are hinged together, side by side or end to end to provide a hinged set of panels so that two or more of sets of hinged panels unfolded at their hinges and arranged side by side on a floor, wall or ceiling provide elongated spaces into which said tubing is inserted and held against said radiation plate a finished floor, wall or ceiling covering can be installed thereon and said system operated to heat or cool said room.

Abstract: The system uses principal radial tubes 4 which connect an inner, central arc 3 to an outer arc 2. A plurality of branches 5 emerge from these tubes 4 and then assume a radial geometry, forming secondary radial tubes which extend as far as the said outer arc 2. The system rests freely on the bottom of the tank.

Abstract: A heating element (12) is described for use in flooring, preferably for pigstys (3). The heating elements consist of a liquid filled chamber (16). The liquid in the chamber is brought into heat transmitting connection with a conduit (24) connected with a heat source. The connection between the conduit (24) and the chamber (16) do not have to be pressure tight, as no pressure occurs in the chamber (16). Therefore, a relatively simple connection may be established and there will only be a small risk of leakage.

Abstract: A heating/cooling system includes a plurality of solid panels which form part of a wall or floor. The panels are in the form of heating/cooling modules and incorporate a heat exchange element within the panel and in thermal contact with the material, e.g. chipboard, fibreboard or plywood, forming the panel. The panels can be provided with, for example, tongue and groove formations so that they can engage with like panels or with "industry-standard" panels which do not incorporate heat exchange elements.

Abstract: A plurality of air-conditioning panels (1), which are arranged one beside the other and parallel to one another and have a width of from 100 to 150 mm, each have, on the top side, a central longitudinal groove (4) for receiving a pipe (5). In order to form a stable, slow flow, which does not produce any undesired bursts of cold air, of the air cooled on the air-conditioning panels (1), the latter are bounded on both sides by shoulders (6) which bend downwards to the vertical and have a radius of curvature of not more than 20 mm. The borders of adjacent air-conditioning panels are spaced apart from one another and form between them air gaps having a width of from 10 to 20 mm.

Abstract: System and device for heating a floor includes an inner pipe disposed in an outer pipe, the space between the inner and outer pipes can be filled with water or a thermal medium fluid. A heated fluid or an electric heater inside the inner pipe transfers heat through the inner pipe to the water or thermal medium fluid. With the inner and outer pipes oriented in the vertical, the heat in the water or thermal medium fluid can by convection pass up to a top of these pipes which top being placed just below the floor passes heat to the floor.

Abstract: A system for cooling, heating and fire-protecting an enclosure or dwelling, consisting of six principal entities acting in cooperation. The first is an expansive system of wide, shallow ducting installed just outboard and against the innermost wall layers of the peripheral walls, ceiling and at times, the floor, thermally intimate but physically isolated from the interior volume of the enclosure. The second is an evaporatively-cooled air source, supplying the duct system, which cools the innermost wall layers and in turn, the interior volume, by radiation and convection. The third entity, being an encompassing layer of efficient insulation, just outboard of the ducting and within the enclosure, biasing the cooling and heating action to the interior volume. The fourth is a network of hot-water circulating tubes, lying within, or adjacent to said cooling ducts, and against the innermost wall layer, or inboard plate thereof.