Abstract: Incoming wastewater is preheated in a heat exchanger before delivery to a flash chamber through an orifice for flashing into water vapor rising into an upper section of the flash chamber which also has a bottom section into which liquid waste oil or other contaminants settles. Rise of such water vapor into the upper chamber section is induced by a vacuum established therein by a vacuum pump withdrawing the water vapor in a superheated and compressed condition for cooling within a condenser from which the incoming wastewater is delivered to a heat exchanger for preheating. The water vapor during rise into the upper section of the flash chamber is filtered to extract contaminates therefrom while liquefied water vapor thereafter formed therein is collected before the remaining water vapor is cooled into the condensate for collection within a distillate tank from which it is withdrawn for overboard discharge after being monitored for oil content.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for heating fluid with a gas heater and distilling fluid with the pilot light of the gas heater are disclosed. The apparatus for heating fluid and distilling fluid includes a main tank for containing fluid to be heated, a heater, adapted to have a pilot light, for heating the fluid in said main tank and an evaporator tank for vaporizing fluid received therein with heat from the pilot light. The method of heating fluid and distilling fluid includes heating a first volume of fluid with a heater having a pilot light and heating a second volume of fluid with the pilot light.

Abstract: A distillation unit (10) employs a rotary heat exchanger (32) forming a multiplicity of evaporation chambers (56) into which a liquid to be purified is sprayed for evaporation. Spray arms (58) spray at a steady rate into all of the evaporation chambers (56) simultaneously but not at a rate that is adequate to maintain the wetting required for efficient transfer of heat to the liquid. A scanning sprayer (140) supplements this steady spray with spray from nozzles (142 and 144) into only a few of the evaporation chambers at a time, visiting all of them cyclically. The overall rate of spray from the two sources thus combined to spray the chamber cyclically maintains proper wetting even though on average it is lower than the rate that would be required of a constant-rate spray into all of the evaporation chambers.

Abstract: An evaporation system uses the weight of condensed liquid as an energy source. An inlet feed is introduced into an enclosure through an inlet. The inlet feed is vaporized in an evaporation region of the enclosure, and condensed to a liquid in a condensation region of the enclosure. The condensed liquid collects in a liquid region of the enclosure. The liquid region has an outlet. A blower between the evaporation region and the condensation region maintains the condensation region at a higher pressure than the evaporation region. The level of the liquid in the liquid region defines the volume and pressure of the evaporation and condensation regions, such that as the liquid is drained from the outlet, at least in part by the weight of the liquid, the pressure in the evaporation region decreases. The flow through the inlet and the outlet is regulated to maintain the pressure in the evaporation region at a pressure that tends to vaporize the inlet feed.

Abstract: A process for working up by distillation the crude products obtained in the process according to DE-A 196 07 954 and containing 1,6-hexanediol (HDO), 1,5-pentanediol (PDO) or caprolactone (CLO) in order to obtain the corresponding pure products, the working-up by distillation being carried out in each case in a dividing wall column (TK) in which a dividing wall (T) is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the column with formation of an upper common column region (1), a lower common column region (6), a feed section (2, 4) having a rectification section (2) and stripping section (4), and a take-off section (3, 5) having a stripping section (3) and rectification section (5), with feeding of the respective crude product HDO, PLO or CLO in the middle region of the feed section (2, 4) and removal of the high boiler fraction (C) from the bottom of the column, of the low boiler fraction (A) via the top of the column and of the medium boiler fraction (B) from the middle region of the take-off section (3, 5), or

Abstract: Separations processes and apparati capable of purifying thermally sensitive materials at high capacity. An apparatus having a rectification section and a stripping section with the stripping section having a stripping tray with 5 to 50% open area, a pressure drop from 0.02 psi to 0.2 psi and a tray efficiency during operation of the column which is equal to or greater than 20%.

Abstract: A process for rectificatively separating liquids containing (meth)acrylic monomers in a rectification column is provided, in which a stream is withdrawn from the rectification column and recycled into the rectification column as a molecular oxygen-enriched liquid phase.

Abstract: In a thermal separating process between at least one gaseous and at least one liquid stream, of which at least one comprises (meth)acrylic monomers, in a separating column containing sieve trays as separating internals, at least some of the sieve trays are operated above an entrainment fraction of 10% by weight.

Abstract: An low concentration dope is fed through a nozzle into a concentrating apparatus, and flash evaporation of the low concentration dope is performed at an end of the nozzle. The low concentration dope is concentrated thereby to an concentrating dope which is contained and heated in the concentrating apparatus. Thus part of solvents of the low concentration dope and the concentrating dope is evaporated to a solvent gas. The solvent gas is cooled and condensed in a condensing section of the concentrating apparatus, and thereafter drawn through a first exit from the concentrating apparatus. The concentrating dope is concentrated to a high concentration dope, which is drawn through a second exit from the concentrating apparatus.

Abstract: A dividing-wall column having a dividing wall which is essentially disposed along the long direction of the column is proposed, which divides the column interior into a feed part, a take off part, an upper shared column part and a lower shared column part, with feed in whole or in part in the vaporous state of a mixture to be separated between the upper region of the feed part and the lower region of the feed part and/or side stream take off in whole or in part in the vaporous state between the upper region of the take off part and the lower region of the take off part, where if feed is in whole or in part in the vaporous state the cross-sectional area of the upper region of the feed part is increased by plane-parallel displacement of the dividing wall toward the upper region of the take off part, and/or if the side stream take off is in whole or in part in the vaporous state, the cross-sectional area of the lower region of the take off part is increased by displacement of the dividing wall toward the lower r

Abstract: A method for collecting acrylic acid is provided, which includes the step of collecting acrylic acid using an aqueous medium from a reaction gas containing acrylic acid obtained by catalytic vapor-phase oxidation of propane, propylene, and/or acrolein, the step being conducted so as to satisfy the following formula (1) (B/A)<1.25 (1) wherein A represents a weight fraction of acrylic acid to all condensable ingredients in the reaction gas before collecting acrylic acid and B represents a weight fraction of acrylic acid in bottoms of a collection device used in the step of collecting. According to the method, acrylic acid can be efficiently collected from the reaction gas containing acrylic acid obtained by catalytic vapor-phase oxidation.

Abstract: Improved HETP is obtained in the operation of a distillation column containing trays with a packing of a porous container containing a particulate material intimately associated with a resilient component having at least 50 volume % open space, preferably at least 70 volume % positioned on the trays compared to the trays without the packing. The packing may contain a catalytic particulate material and the distillation may involve reaction and distillation of the reaction products. The particulate material may also be inert and the distillation of the conventional type to separate components in the distillation mixture without reaction.

Abstract: A compact, energy efficient, continuous-flow point of use distillation system utilizes stacked, vertically-arranged components to provide a compact and energy efficient distillation process and a device which is quick and easy to service and maintain. A housing contains a double-walled boiler vessel to which water is supplied from an external source through suitable filters. A heating source is provided to boil water in the vessel, producing steam which is supplied through a condenser to a storage container located below the boiler. A noninvasive liquid level sensor maintains the water level in the boiler and the controller is provided to activate the boiler when water is required for the storage reservoir.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of refining crude tall oil. According to the method, the crude tall oil is fed into a column distiller, where it is separated into desired fractions. The conditions of the column distiller are adjusted on the basis of the composition of the feed and the product flow. According to the present invention, the densities of the crude tall oil fed into the column distiller and of at least one product flow are measured accurately as a function of the temperature. The density values are compared with correlation coefficients derived from the chemical compositions of the flows, coefficients which are obtained on the basis of laboratory analyses made earlier from corresponding flows, by using temperature compensation to specify the correlations, and by taking account of the regular variation in the wood composition of fresh wood according to the annual cycle and, as a result, the compositions of the flows are achieved.

Abstract: A process is proposed for the separation of C5+ cuts by distillation into a low-boiler (A), a medium-boiler (B) and a high-boiler fraction (C) in one or more dividing-wall columns (TK), in which a dividing wall (T) is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the column with formation of an upper, common column region (1), a lower, common column region (6), a feed part (2, 4) with rectifying section (2) and stripping section (4), and a withdrawal part (3, 5) with rectifying section (5) and stripping section (3), with feed of the C5+ cut (A, B, C) into the central region of the feed part (2, 4), discharge of the high-boiler fraction (C) from the bottom of the column, discharge of the low-boiler fraction (A) via the top of the column, and discharge of the medium-boiler fraction (B) from the central region of the withdrawal part (3, 5), wherein the dividing ratio of the liquid reflux at the upper end of the dividing wall (T) is set in such a way that the proportion of high-boiling key components in the liquid re

Abstract: In a rotary evaporator, the rotating speed of the rotating flask is automatically controlled or regulated dependent upon a detected process value, particularly the vibration behavior or the mass moment of inertia of the rotating flask.

Abstract: A process for obtaining pure 1,3-butadiene from crude 1,3-butadiene by distillation is carried out in a dividing wall column in which a dividing wall is located in the longitudinal direction of the column to form an upper common column region, a lower common column region, a feed section and an offtake section.

Abstract: A process for the high yield production of high purity glacial methacrylic acid (“HPMAA”) with minimization of decomposition of hydroxy isobutyric acid (HIBA). The HPMAA is substantially pure, specifically 99% pure or greater with a water content of 0.05% or less. This improved process involves the steps of providing a crude MAA stream which was formed by hydrolyzing acetone cyanohydrin and, therefore, includes HIBA which is an intermediate product of the hydrolysis reaction, and purifying that crude methacrylic acid stream in a series of successive distillation steps.

Abstract: A new way of applying the compartmental approach to the simulation of multi-stage separation processes in the process industry leads to more robust simulation models and higher success rate. The new approach makes use of steady-state component balances, constant vapor-liquid equilibrium ratios, and initialization models. Guidelines are provided for creating a computer executable regular model of the multi-stage separation process. Guidelines are also provided for creating a computer executable model that solves the problem of initialization failure of the regular model for the process.

Abstract: A feed vaporization process and apparatus for oxygenate to olefin conversion is provided which uses a vapor-liquid disengaging drum to separate non-volatiles and/or partial non-volatiles from volatiles in the oxygenate feed and produce a vaporized effluent that is reduced in non-volatiles and/or partial non-volatiles while at the same time maintaining the effluent at optimal temperature and pressure as a feed for oxygenate to olefin conversion.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of purifying a (meth) acrylic monomer selected among (meth) acrylic acids and their esters, by distillation in the presence of at least a polymerisation inhibitor requiring input of oxygen and/or an inhibitor having better efficacy in the presence of oxygen for stabilizing the liquid phase. The invention is characterized in that the distillation is performed in the presence of a NO2 gas, with an oxygen/organic vapor (p/p) ratio ranging between 0.02 and 3%, and with a NO2 condensed organic vapor (p/p) ratio ranging between 0.01 and 50 ppm.

Abstract: Crude ammonia is separated into a low boiler fraction, a high boiler fraction and an intermediate-boiling pure fraction by continuous fractional distillation in a distillation apparatus configured either as a dividing wall column or as a system of thermally coupled distillation columns. In the process of the present invention, the low boiler fraction is taken off at the top of the distillation apparatus. The intermediate-boiling pure fraction is obtained at a side offtake which is preferably provided with droplet precipitators. In addition, the gas loading of the distillation column is restricted so that the operating pressure is in the range from 2 to 30 bar and the F factor does not exceed 2.0 Pa0.5.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method and apparatus for treating produced water from a heavy oil thermal recovery unit to achieve water recovery and recycle levels of greater than 80% and as high as 100% to achieve zero discharge criteria. The method includes the initial steps of capturing the waste heat energy from the high pressure steam separator located downstream of the steam generators. Further, transferring the heat energy into a heated separator and reboiler exchanger to distill oil reservoir produced water and recover distilled water and a concentrated brine or solid product. The heated separator concentrated stream is circulated through the reboiler exchanger to maintain from 1% to about 50% mass vapour in the stream returning to the heated separator and prevent fouling and scaling. The apparatus includes a low pressure waste energy separator, heated separator and vapour compressor in combination with a forced circulation circuit to generate the distilled water.

Abstract: A distillation system is provided for recovering water from sea water and other polluted water source. The system has a heat engine embodying Carnot cycle and a Rankine cycle formed by heat exchangers, flash evaporator and condenser. Burnt gases from the engine such as a jet engine no longer fit for flying are directed into a duct where the exchangers are located. Sea water is pumped into the heat exchanger for preheating by residue heat in the duct and then into the exchanger for further heating. A recirculating pump raises water pressure in the exchanger for increasing boiling point to about 165° C. The heated water is fed into the evaporator where it changes into vapour and condensed into water by the condenser. The jet air stream is used to create Venturi effect for maintaining sub-atmospheric pressure in the evaporator. Any solid left in the evaporator is removed by a transfer mechanism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for the production of cyanuric chloride. The device has three units for the production, purification and isolation of cyanuric chloride, the second unit having a partial condensation and being set in such a way that the quantity of gaseous pure cyanuric chloride produced is greater than that of the liquid impure cyanuric chloride discharged from it.

Abstract: This invention provides a concentrator capable of drawing out a concentrate of a constant concentration. The concentrator includes a heater having a heating medium that has been heated to a temperature not less than the boiling point of a solution fed to the concentrator—whereby said heater heats the solution to evaporate the solvent to a vapor to make a mixture of the vapor and a liquid—and a gas-liquid separator for dividing the mixture into the liquid and the vapor. The concentrator provides for returning the liquid separated in the gas-liquid separator to the heater, for drawing out a portion of the liquid separated in the gas-liquid separator, for detecting the concentration of an intended component in the drawn out liquid, and for controlling the liquid draw-out so that when the concentration is above a predetermined threshold, liquid draw-out commences, and when the concentration is below the threshold, liquid draw-out stops.

Abstract: In a process for the continuous fractional distillation of mixtures comprising tetrahydrofuran, ?-butyrolactone and/or 1,4-butanediol to give at least three fractions, the fractionation is carried out in an assembly of distillation columns comprising at least one dividing wall column or at least one assembly of thermally coupled conventional distillation columns.

Abstract: In an apparatus capable of distilling and refining an easily polymerizable substance, piping is performed so that when a strainer in action is switched to a backup strainer, the strainer can be switched after removing the air in the backup strainer to replace the air in the backup strainer to a discharge liquid of a pump. According to the apparatus, switching the strainers installed on the upstream side of the pump for extracting a liquid of a vacuum distillation column which distills and refines the easily polymerizable substance can be performed with no trouble in the operation of the distillation column. When the apparatus comprises a means measuring a differential pressure between the upstream side and the downstream side of the strainer in action, the two or more strainers installed in parallel can be switched at proper times and the easily polymerizable substance can be produced efficiently.

Abstract: In a distillation apparatus, a production process and a purification method of readily polymerizable compounds, a problem of the invention is to solve a serious plugging problem in a large-sized distillation column as in the commercial equipment and to provide an apparatus and a method for distilling and purifying a readily polymerizable compound stably over a long period of time.

Abstract: A method of purifying 2,6-dimethylphenol to remove the odorous impurities includes distilling a crude mixture to yield a first light fraction enriched in 2,6-dimethylphenol, and a first heavy fraction enriched in 2,4,6-trimethylanisole, and distilling the first light fraction to yield a second light fraction, and a second heavy fraction enriched in 2,6-dimethylphenol. The concentration of 2,4,6-trimethylanisole in the second heavy fraction is less than 50% of the concentration of 2,4,6-trimethylanisole in the mixture. The purified 2,6-dimethylphenol is useful for preparing low-odor poly(arylene ether) resins.

Abstract: A continuous process and apparatus is provided for treating an impure liquid to produce purified liquid. The process includes electrically activating a thermoelectric module (24) to provide a first module heated surface (26) and a module cooler surface (28); feeding the impure liquid to the first module heated surface (26) to produce vapor of the liquid; and transferring the vapor to the module cooler surface (28), to effect heat transfer to the module cooler surface (28). The process further includes (a) directing a first portion of the vapor adjacent to or onto the module cooler surface (28) to effect heat transfer to the module cooler surface to produce a first condensed liquid; (b) directing a second portion of the vapor to condenser means (18) having a second cooler surface (46) remote from the module cooler surface (28) to effect heat transfer to the second cooler surface (46) to produce a second condensed liquid; and (c) collecting the first and second condensed liquids.

Abstract: Process for recovery of highly pure acrylonitrile by quickly vaporizing under vacuum the contaminated acrylonitrile as well as fresh acrylonitrile followed by contacting with hydrophilic agents in an extractive distillation column using plural number of packed sections.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quenching the coke drum vapor line from a coke drum to the main fractionator in a coker unit whereby the volume of quench liquid prevents the drum vapor line from plugging with carbon-based deposits. A differential pressure control technique is utilized to quench the drum vapors being delivered to the fractionator as opposed to a temperature, delta temperature, uninsulated vapor line, or fixed flow rate control as used in the prior art. Vapor line quench control by differential pressure prevents over-quenching of the vapor line during a coke drum switch, unit startup, or slowdown as well as under-quenching during drum warm-ups. It improves the fractionator recovery time from a drum switch and overall liquid product yield during the drum cycle which can be produced by over-quenching. It also prevents the vapor line from drying out at anytime, an under-quenched condition, as long as the quench oil quality and conditions do not vary significantly.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a novel pressurized vapor cycle for distilling liquids. In an embodiment of the invention, a liquid purification system is revealed, including the elements of an input for receiving untreated liquid, a vaporizer coupled to the input for transforming the liquid to vapor, a head chamber for collecting the vapor, a vapor pump with an internal drive shaft and an eccentric rotor with a rotatable housing for compressing vapor, a condenser in communication with the vapor pump for transforming the compressed vapor into a distilled product, and an electric motor with motor rotor and magnets hermetically sealed within the fluid pressure boundary of the distillation system.

Abstract: A method of treating produced water from heavy oil production to provide feedwater for the production of high quality steam. A produced water from heavy oil recovery operations is initially treated by first removing oil and grease to a desired level, preferably to about twenty parts per million, or less. The pH is then adjusted, normally downward and by acid addition, to release at least some carbonate alkalinity as free carbon dioxide. Preferably, all non-hydroxide alkalinity is removed, or substantially so, by introducing the feedwater into a decarbonator. In some cases, the pH may be raised (without, or subsequent to decarbonation, depending upon water chemistry) preferably by caustic addition, to maintain silica solubility in the feedwater.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of phthalic anhydride to a specification, using a distillative purification of crude phthalic anhydride, by introduction of crude phthalic anhydride into a distillation column, operating at reduced pressure, withdrawal of the low-boiling fraction from the head, or near the head of the column and withdrawal of the phthalic anhydride, which meets the specification, from a side-tap on the column, whilst operating the column at a reflux ratio x, with 1:1.7<x<1:3.

Abstract: A solar still apparatus is described for the multi-effect distillation of a fluid such as water. A transparent condenser air duct overlies an evaporator air duct having a light-absorbing floor, both sharing a transparent plastic film wall. Air, blown by a fan, flows through the lower duct, where it progressively warms and evaporates a feedstock fluid. At the hot end of the lower duct, the air enters the upper duct where it flows in a reverse direction, progressively cooling and condensing its vapor, a portion of the heat of condensation being transferred through the shared wall to the lower duct. Thermal gradients established within the still facilitate the evaporation and condensation of the fluid with minimal heat loss to the environment and maximal recuperation of the heat of condensation for fluid evaporation. A working fluid may be used to extract useful power from the still's thermal gradients.

Abstract: A process for obtaining pure 1,3-butadiene from crude 1,3-butadiene by distillation is carried out in a dividing wall column in which a dividing wall is located in the longitudinal direction of the column to form an upper common column region, a lower common column region, a feed section and an offtake section.

Abstract: A process for working up by distillation the crude products obtained in the process according to DE-A 196 07 954 and containing 1,6-hexanediol (HDO), 1,5-pentanediol (PDO) or caprolactone (CLO) in order to obtain the corresponding pure products, the working-up by distillation being carried out in each case in a dividing wall column (TK) in which a dividing wall (T) is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the column with formation of an upper common column region (1), a lower common column region (6), a feed section (2, 4) having a rectification section (2) and stripping section (4), and a take-off section (3, 5) having a stripping section (3) and rectification section (5), with feeding of the respective crude product HDO, PLO or CLO in the middle region of the feed section (2, 4) and removal of the high boiler fraction (C) from the bottom of the column, of the low boiler fraction (A) via the top of the column and of the medium boiler fraction (B) from the middle region of the take-off section (3, 5), or

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering and producing chemicals in a pulp production process where organic chemicals, such as formic acid and acetic acid, are used as cooking chemicals. The process of the invention is based on regeneration of cooking acids and formation of additional cooking acids and furfural by evaporating the cooking liquor and then separating acetic acid, formic acid, furfural and water. The separation is preferably carried out by distillation using the furfural formed in the process as a distilling aid in the distillation.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for simulating a distillation apparatus having a coupling-type distillation column (10), the method speeding completion of simulation operation. The simulation for the distillation apparatus including a coupling-type distillation column (10) is performed by use of a simulation program for simulating a distillation apparatus including a main column (31) and a side column (32) in combination.

Abstract: This invention relates to a continuous process and an apparatus (1) for removing dissolved and undissolved solids and/or high boiling point liquid contaminants from a mixture of miscible liquids (9). A recycle liquor stream (6) is fed at high velocity through a heat exchanger having a single flow path (12) and the heat added by the heat exchanger is sufficient to vaporize the feed stream (2) when the recycle liquor and feed stream are mixed upon delivery to the separation vessel (3).

Abstract: A modular apparatus for fractional distillation and other forms of vapor-liquid contacting is presented. The apparatus performs cocurrent contacting of vapor and liquid in a number of identical structural units which are placed in horizontal layers in a column or other enclosure. The structural units, or modules, are horizontally spaced apart in each layer to provide spaces for the downcomers from the modules of the next higher layer. The downcomers deliver the liquid to one of two inclined contacting channels, with the contacting channels discharging the vapor and liquid into separation chambers at the top of the module. Vapor flows upward from the separation chambers to the contacting channel of the next higher module and liquid flows down through a single central downcomer to the next lower contacting channel.

Abstract: A purifier is connected to tap water and produces pure distilled water. Valves and sensors automatically control functions throughout separate cycles of operation, including distillation, wash, and rejuvenation cycles. During distillation, tap water is boiled in a distillation chamber. A carbon filter captures impurities from the resulting vapors occurring at lower boiling temperatures while higher temperature water vapors are passed through a condenser to produce pure distilled water held in a reservoir. In the wash cycle, a cleaning agent is injected into the distillation chamber, mixed with tap water, and heated and drained prior to rinsing the chamber to remove mineral deposits. During rejuvenation, a heating element superheats pure water remaining in the filter to release contaminants from the filter pores to cleanse and revive the filter media. A flavor agent, minerals, and/or vitamins may be added to the pure water prior to dispensing from a spigot or other fixture.

Abstract: In distillation of a polymerizable compound such as (meth)acrylic acid or a liquid containing such a polymerizable compound with use of a distillation column equipped with a reboiler, (a) a vertical multi-tube reboiler whose outlet nozzle inside diameter (D1) is 0.2 to 1 time its reboiler shell inside diameter (D2) is used as the reboiler, (b) an outlet of an outlet nozzle of the reboiler to a gas-phase section of the distillation column is provided at a position such that a distance L from the top tubesheet of the reboiler to the lower end of the outlet of the outlet nozzle satisfies L=(0.4 to 3)×D1, and (c) a liquid level in the distillation column is maintained in a range such that a height H of the liquid level from the top tubesheet of the reboiler satisfies H=(0.1 to 0.8)×L.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for process control in a distillation column are disclosed. The method allows undesirable interactions among control parameters to be minimized, and results in improved process control and operational stability. Process control of a liquid assisted nitrogen generator using the improved method is disclosed as an illustrative example.

Abstract: A process is provided herein for the high yield production of high purity glacial methacrylic acid (“HPMAA”) that is substantially pure, specifically 99% pure or greater with a water content of 0.05% or less.

Abstract: A water purification system and method for residential or commercial application having a first support structure coupled to a water supply having a first heat source of sufficient magnitude to change the water into steam, thus abandoning any insoluble material dispersed within the liquid. The steam is further heated in a second support structure to form a substantially gaseous vapor and exposed to a second heat source of sufficient magnitude to super-heat the vapor to a temperature capable of destroying most, if not all living matter. Preferably, the second heat source is an electrical field of sufficient voltage to increase the temperature of the vapor in excess of 2000° F. The super-heated vapor is then allowed to condense to form potable water. This system may be powered by a standard 120 volt outlet found in the home.

Abstract: A distillation apparatus is provided with a distillation tower, a reboiler, a bottom outflow pipe for drawing a liquid from the bottom of the distillation tower, and a pot provided between the bottom of the distillation tower and the bottom outflow pipe. A part of the drawn liquid is discharged to the outside of the distillation apparatus while the rest is flowed to the reboiler. The pot has a cross-sectional area smaller than a cross-sectional area of the distillation tower and larger than a cross-sectional area of the bottom outflow pipe.

Abstract: A distillation system is provided having an evaporation conduit and a condensing conduit connected by a transfer system for transferring distillate vapour from the evaporation conduit to the condensing conduit to condense the distillate. The evaporation and condensing conduits operate under vacuum pressure. An intake conduit and a return conduit communicate in an unrestricted manner between a source of solution and the evaporation conduit. A distillate conduit communicates with the condensing conduit for dispensing condensed distillate therefrom. A radiant heat capturing system is provided for capturing and using heat radiated from the distillate conduit to generate power.