Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus, system and method for selectively capturing a carbon-containing gas from an input gas mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for operation of hydrogen fueled electric power plants integrated with thermal energy storage. It is an object of this invention to reduce the cost of providing reliable electricity from variable renewable energy sources by storing excess renewable energy and using the stored renewable energy to reduce the quantity of fuel required, to reduce the cost of producing hydrogen fuel by electrolysis, and to produce and store hydrogen at the power plant to eliminate the cost of transporting hydrogen and the need to upgrade natural gas pipelines and pipeline compressors.

Abstract: A textile can be configured as a spacer between a housing or a supporting structure and an electrode or a substructure of an electrode of a zero-gap electrolytic cell. The textile may comprise a mechanical connection means composed of an elastic polymeric material and may comprise an electrical connection means different from the mechanical connection means. A zero-gap electrolytic cell can be furnished with such a textile. Further, a method for producing such a zero-gap electrolytic cell may be characterized in that at least one ply of a textile is placed into an anode tank or cathode tank, an anode or cathode electrode is disposed on the at least one ply of the textile, an ion exchange membrane is placed onto this electrode, and a cathode electrode or anode electrode connected to a cathode tank or anode tank, respectively, is disposed on the ion exchange membrane.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems that relate to electrochemically producing hydrogen gas by maintaining a steady-state pH differential of greater than 1 between an anode electrolyte and a cathode electrolyte in a hydrogen-gas generating electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems that relate to electrochemically producing hydrogen gas by maintaining a steady-state pH differential of greater than 1 between an anode electrolyte and a cathode electrolyte in a hydrogen-gas generating electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Herein discussed is a method of producing hydrogen comprising introducing a metal smelter effluent gas or a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) effluent gas or a mixture thereof into an electrochemical (EC) reactor, wherein the EC reactor comprises a mixed-conducting membrane. In an embodiment, the method comprises introducing steam into the EC reactor on one side of the membrane, wherein the effluent gas is on the opposite side of the membrane, wherein the effluent gas and the steam are separated by the membrane and do not come in contact with each other.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the disclosed subject matter relates to an electrolytic cell that has: a cell reservoir; a cathode support retained on a bottom of the cell reservoir, wherein the cathode support contacts at least one of: a metal pad and a molten electrolyte bath within the cell reservoir, wherein the cathode support includes: a body having a support bottom, which is configured to be in communication with the bottom of the electrolysis cell; and a support top, opposite the support bottom, having a cathode attachment area configured to retain a at least one cathode plate therein.

Abstract: A technique that ensures suppressing deterioration of a plating quality of a substrate caused by air bubbles accumulated on a lower surface of a membrane is provided. An air bubble removing method of a plating apparatus is an air bubble removing method for removing air bubble in an anode chamber 13 in a plating apparatus 1000 including a plating tank 10 and a substrate holder 30. The air bubble removing method includes: supplying a plating solution Ps from at least one supply port 70 disposed in an outer peripheral portion 12 of the anode chamber to the anode chamber and causing at least one discharge port 71 disposed in the outer peripheral portion of the anode chamber so as to face the supply port to suction the supplied plating solution to form a shear flow Sf of the plating solution along a lower surface on the lower surface 61a of a membrane 61 in the anode chamber.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and devices for preparing electrolyte solutions containing unwanted impurities at the pg/L levels. The methods generally comprise electrochemically reducing the impurity to a precipitated, plated, or volatilized form, and removing that reduced form from electrolyte solution. This disclosure describes the methods and devices for effecting such methods, and the electrochemical solutions derived or derivable from such methods.

Abstract: Methods and systems which involve separating liquid products are disclosed herein. A disclosed method includes supplying a volume of oxocarbon carbon to a cathode area of an oxocarbon electrolyzer to be used as a reduction substrate, generating a volume of an organic anion using the reduction substrate, and obtaining a liquid stream from the oxocarbon electrolyzer which includes the volume of the organic anion and a volume of a base. The method also includes generating, using a separation process and from the liquid stream, a first stream and a second separate stream. The separation process separates a volume of cations from the liquid stream. The first stream includes a second volume of the base. The second stream includes a volume of organic acid. The volume of organic acid includes the volume of organic anions. The second volume of the base includes the volume of cations.

Abstract: An enhanced control of hydrogen injection for internal combustion engine system and method providing greater real-time control of injection of hydrogen from a hydrogen generator, providing a further increase in performance and decrease in emissions of the engine of the motor vehicle. Initial values for parameters defining the optimal percentage amount or pressure of oxyhydrogen to be injected when the engine load is equal to one of several defined levels are entered and then interpolated to produce a curve specifying the amount of oxyhydrogen to be injected at any given engine-load level. Further adjustments to the load-related oxyhydrogen amounts are made for different engine operating temperatures in relation to different engine loads, and for different ambient air pressures related to altitude in relation to different engine loads. The initial values and adjusted values will be different for different engine types and sizes, different fuel types and grades, and other characteristics.

Abstract: A system and methods for electrolysis of saline solutions are provided. An exemplary system provides a tandem electrolysis cell. The tandem electrolysis cell includes a common enclosure that has two chambers. A first chamber is separated from a second chamber by a cation selective membrane. A common anode and a first cathode (cathode A) are disposed in the first chamber. The first cathode and the common anode are configured to electrolyze a saline solution to hydrogen and oxygen. A second cathode (cathode B) is disposed in the second chamber. The second cathode and the common anode are configured to electrolyze a brine solution in the first chamber to form chlorine and water in the second chamber to form hydrogen and hydroxide ions.

Abstract: A method of forming a composite component is provided. The method includes locating a fibrous preform, providing a slurry, mixing the slurry with sacrificial fibers, injecting the slurry into the fibrous preform, heating the fibrous preform, forming channels in the fibrous preform, and densifying the fibrous preform. The sacrificial fibers are suspended in the fibrous preform along an injection pathway such that heating the sacrificial fibers forms the channels along the injection pathway as the sacrificial fibers are burned away.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrode structure including: an electrode plate; and a flow path guide disposed on one side of the electrode plate along the circumference of the electrode plate, and an electrolyzer including the electrode structure.

Abstract: A fuel oxygen reduction unit assembly for a fuel system is provided. The fuel oxygen reduction unit assembly includes: a fuel oxygen reduction unit located downstream from the fuel source and defining a stripping gas flowpath and a liquid fuel flowpath, the fuel oxygen reduction unit comprising a means for transferring an amount of oxygen from a liquid fuel flow through the liquid fuel flowpath to a gas flow through the stripping gas flowpath; and an oxygen conversion unit in flow communication with the stripping gas flowpath configured to extract a flow of oxygen from a gas flow through the stripping gas flowpath, the oxygen conversion unit defining an oxygen outlet configured to provide the extracted flow of oxygen to an external system.

Abstract: Osmotic energy transfer systems utilize cyclic electro-chemical stimuli to induce an osmotic gradient and corresponding fluid flows across a semi-permeable membrane. The fluid transfers and osmotic flows are converted into mechanical displacements. By cycling or pulsing the electro-chemical stimuli, fluid transfers across the semi-permeable membrane repeatedly alternatingly change direction over time and correspondingly realizing a cycle of reciprocating mechanical displacements.

Abstract: Electrolytic cells for electrolysis of water, the electrolytic cells including two sub-cells, one containing the anode, the other the cathode. The electrolytic cells are configured so that at least the hydrogen formed due to electrolysis is passed through a deflection tube and into an electrolyte outside of the electrolytic sub-cell. This configuration serves as a security measure to prevent a flashback of a combustion reaction, and makes the presence of a separate bubbler superfluous.

Abstract: The technology relates to a semiconductor device including a hard mask easy to strip and capable of implementing a fine pattern with a high etch selectivity. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a method for fabricating a semiconductor device comprises forming an etching target layer, forming a hard mask layer on the etching target layer, the hard mask layer including a first boron-doped silicon layer and a second boron-doped silicon layer on the first boron-doped silicon layer, and etching the etching target layer using the hard mask layer as an etching barrier, wherein the second boron-doped silicon layer has a larger boron concentration than the first boron-doped silicon layer.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module has at least one solar cell, wherein the solar cell is enclosed by an encapsulation apparatus, and an electrolysis unit for dehumidifying the interior of the encapsulation apparatus. The electrolysis unit has a cathode, an anode, and an ion conductor connecting the cathode and the anode. The electrolysis unit is designed to cleave water in hydrogen and oxygen. A method for dehumidifying a photovoltaic module is accomplished by the electrolysis unit.

Abstract: A reactor safety device includes a leg and a well. The leg includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is in fluid communication with an outlet of a reactor configured to operate at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure at a location of the reactor safety device. The well includes an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the leg. There is a first level in the leg and a second level in the well. The outlet of the leg is vertically lower than the second level. A level sensor is configured to monitor the first level and a controller in communication with the level sensor, a fuel inlet into the reactor, and an oxidant inlet into the reactor. The controller is configured to close the fuel inlet and the oxidant inlet when the first level changes by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: An electrolyzed water generator includes anode, cathode, and cation exchange membrane provided between anode and cathode so as to be in contact with at least one of anode and cathode. Gaps in which a flow of water occurs are present between cation exchange membrane and at least one of anode and cathode.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an electrocatalytic Fenton oxidation-electrochemical oxidation coupling process and apparatus for efficient treatment of chemical wastewater, and belongs to the field of sewage treatment. The process includes an electrocatalytic Fenton oxidation step, an electrochemical oxidation step, and a pH adjustment step. A spacing between a cathode and an anode in the electrocatalytic Fenton oxidation step is controlled, so that oxygen produced at the anode reacts at the cathode to produce H2O2. The treatment requirements can be met without external aeration or external addition of H2O2, and meanwhile, the efficiency of COD removal by electro-Fenton oxidation is effectively improved. Further, by connecting a pH adjusting tank with the electrocatalytic Fenton oxidation-electrochemical oxidation coupling apparatus in series, a coupling treatment process with near-zero production of iron sludge is realized.

Abstract: A quinone-containing poly(arylene) includes repeating units of formula (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V), or (VI) as defined herein. The quinone-containing poly(arylene) can be useful in composites, electrode assemblies, electrochemical cells, gas separation systems, energy storage devices, and electrochromic devices.

Abstract: A device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrolyte between the electrodes. The first electrode and the second electrode may comprise a metallic phase that does not contain a platinum group metal when the device is in use, and where the electrolyte is solid state and is oxide ion conducting.

Abstract: A method of producing hydrogen includes providing a device, introducing a first stream including a fuel to the device, introducing a second stream comprising water to the device, reducing the water in the second stream to hydrogen, and extracting hydrogen from the device. The first stream and the second stream do not come in contact with each other in the device.

Abstract: An electrolyzed water generator includes anode, cathode, and cation exchange membrane provided between anode and cathode so as to be in contact with at least one of anode and cathode. Gaps in which a flow of water occurs are present between cation exchange membrane and at least one of anode and cathode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of generating gaseous hydrogen at high pressures and with high purity via electrolysis of water by means of an electrolyzer unit (100) with a novel structure.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an electrolyzer reactor suitable for the reduction of organic compounds. The reactor includes a membrane electrode assembly with freestanding metallic meshes which serve both as metallic electrode structures for electron transport as well as catalytic surfaces for electron generation and organic compound reduction. Suitable organic compounds for reduction include oxygenated and/or unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds, in particular those characteristic of bio-oil (e.g., alone or a multicomponent mixtures). The reactor and related methods provide a resource- and energy-efficient approach to organic compound reduction, in particular for bio-oil mixtures which can be conveniently upgraded at or near their point of production with minimal or no transportation.

Abstract: An electrolysis cell and housing provides for simple, toolless cell installation and removal of the electrolysis cell. The electrolysis cell includes an anode and a cathode and requires periodic removal of the electrolysis cell from the housing for cleaning or replacement due to accumulation of deposits on the anode and the cathode. The electrolysis cell includes three push-in fluid connectors and two push-in electrical connections. A filter may be included serially between a water inlet and the electrolysis cell and may include two push-in fluid connectors. A housing rear cover may hold the electrolysis cell and filter in place in the housing and may be removed and reattached to access the electrolysis cell without tools.

Abstract: Provided is a photocathode structure including: a photocathode including silicon (Si); an intermediate layer formed on the photocathode, and including a silicon oxide (SiOx); and a protective layer foiled on the intermediate layer, and including a metal oxide, wherein the intermediate layer is a tunneling barrier configured to transfer charges from the photocathode to the protective layer by an electric field applied from an outside.

Abstract: A water electrolysis system includes: a water electrolyzer configured to electrolyze water to generate gas including oxygen and hydrogen; a gas-liquid separator configured to separate gas phase including hydrogen from liquid phase of the gas generated by the water electrolyzer; a water level detector configured to detect a water level in the gas-liquid separator; a pressure detector configured to detect a pressure of the gas phase in the gas-liquid separator; and a CPU and a memory coupled to the CPU. The CPU is configured to perform: calculating an error of the water level in the gas-liquid separator detected by the water level detector based on the pressure of the gas phase in the gas-liquid separator detected by the pressure detector.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and related products that provide emotion-sensitive responses to user's commands and other utterances received at an utterance-based user interface. Acknowledgements of user's utterances are adapted to the user and/or the user device, and emotions detected in the user's utterance that have been mapped from one or more emotion features extracted from the utterance. In some examples, extraction of a user's changing emotion during a sequence of interactions is used to generate a response to a user's uttered command. In some examples, emotion processing and command processing of natural utterances are performed asynchronously.

Abstract: A hydrogen-oxygen generation system includes an electrolytic cell configured to generate hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing water, and discharge the hydrogen and the oxygen as separate generated gasses. An accumulator includes a water storage chamber configured to store the water, and a gas chamber configured to receive a pressurized gas, and the water storage chamber and the gas chamber are separated from each other by an elastic body membrane. The accumulator is configured to transfer the water stored in the water storage chamber toward the electrolytic cell at a transfer pressure in accordance with a pressure of the pressurized gas in the gas chamber. A water supply unit is configured to supply the water to the water storage chamber, and a gas supply unit is configured to supply the pressurized gas to the gas chamber.

Abstract: An electrolyzer has an electrolytic cell with a membrane that surrounds an interior channel. The electrolytic cell also has a first electrode positioned in the interior channel such that the membrane surrounds the first electrode. The electrolytic cell also includes a second electrode positioned such that the membrane is located between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a membrane-less reactor design for microbial electrosynthesis of alcohols from carbon dioxide (CO2). The membrane-less reactor design thus facilitates higher and efficient CO2 transformation to alcohols via single pot microbial electrosynthesis. The reactor design operates efficiently avoiding oxygen contact at working electrode without using membrane, in turn there is an increase in CO2 solubility and its bioavailability for subsequent CO2 conversion to alcohols at faster rate. The present invention further provides a process of operation of the reactor for biotransformation of the carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A gas production apparatus including: an electrolysis vessel; first and second electrolyte circulation systems; and an electrolyte exchanger, the first/second electrolyte circulation system including: a first/second circulation tank receiving and storing a first/second electrolyte flowing out from an anode chamber/a cathode chamber; and a first/second circulation pump supplying the first/second electrolyte to the anode chamber/the cathode chamber, the electrolyte exchanger transferring part of the first electrolyte existing in the first electrolyte circulation system into the second electrolyte circulation system on one hand, and transferring part of the second electrolyte existing in the second electrolyte circulation system into the first electrolyte circulation system on the other hand.

Abstract: Illustrative configurations of a pet hydration system and methods are disclosed. The pet hydration system includes a bowl section configured to temporarily store water therein. In one configuration, a hydrogen-generation assembly is positioned in the bowl section. The hydrogen-generation assembly generates and introduces hydrogen into the water temporarily stored in the bowl section. In other configurations, methods related to pet hydration are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyser cell. A direct electric current is applied to the water electrolyser cell. Water molecules are allowed to diffuse from a cathode compartment through a polymer electrolyte membrane into an anode compartment, to oxidize water molecules at an anode catalyst layer into protons, oxygen and electrons. The protons are allowed to migrate through a polymer electrolyte membrane into the cathode compartment and the protons are reduced at a cathode catalyst layer to produce hydrogen. The cell is supplied with water to the cathode compartment, and humidified air is supplied to the anode compartment. The invention also relates to a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyser cell, a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyser stack and a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyser system.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes at least one of plural electrochemical pump separators to separate carbon dioxide from a fuel exhaust stream or a combination of a gas separator and a fuel exhaust cooler located outside a hotbox.

Abstract: Device for obtaining electrolysis products from an alkali metal chloride solution where a cathode circuit contains a circulation pump with an overflow device for the return flow of pump liquid, which continuously secures the forced circulation of the catholyte via a heat exchanger, a cathode compartment and a capacitive separator for separating the hydrogen from the catholyte. In the discharge of the hydrogen from the capacitive separator for separation of the hydrogen from the catholyte, a cooled humidity separator is installed, the condensate collection container of which is connected via a dosage pump with the freshwater feed to the mixing device of the freshwater flow with the gaseous oxidant mixture.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode materials that comprise various compositions of chromate based oxide materials. These materials offer high conductivity achievable at intermediate and low temperatures and can be used to prepare the anode layer of a SOFC. A method of making a low- or intermediate-temperature SOFC having an anode layer comprising a chromate based oxide material is also provided.

Abstract: A text-to-speech engine creates audio output that includes synthesized speech and one or more media content item snippets. The input text is obtained and partitioned into text sets. A track having lyrics that match a part of one of the text sets is identified. The location of the track's audio that contains the lyric is extracted based on forced alignment data. The extracted audio is combined with synthesized speech corresponding to the remainder of the input text to form audio output.

Abstract: A server is provided, including a processor configured to execute a bot server program. The bot server program may receive from a computing device an input with an input type that includes one or more of speech and text. The bot server program may programmatically generate an output, wherein the output is generated based on the input. The bot server program may detect one or more output types capable of being output by the computing device and select an output type from a plurality of output types that may include speech and text. The selected output type may be an output type capable of being output by the computing device. The bot server program may modify the programmatically generated output to produce a modified output with the selected output type, and may convey the modified output to the computing device for output on a display and/or speaker.

Abstract: A battery article of manufacture comprises a plurality of components operatively associated with one another, the plurality of components comprising an electrode comprised of a material that can take up ions and discharge ions in a charging and discharging process, an electrolyte comprised of the ions, the article of manufacture also including a component comprising at least one barrier positioned between the electrolyte and the electrode, the barrier comprised of a material that substantially prevents the ions from combining with the electrode and having a structure that substantially prevents the ions from combining with the electrode, but allows the ions to travel toward or away from the electrode in the charging or discharging process.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for processing voice information are provided by the present application. The method comprises: obtaining the voice data of a user; performing an emotion analysis on the voice data which comprises multiplying volume and pacing of the voice data to help determine the priority of the voice data; and connecting the user to a corresponding service channel according to the priority of the voice data. The present application can improve the service quality of IVR.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and related products that provide emotion-sensitive responses to user's commands and other utterances received at an utterance-based user interface. Acknowledgements of user's utterances are adapted to the user and/or the user device, and emotions detected in the user's utterance that have been mapped from one or more emotion features extracted from the utterance. In some examples, extraction of a user's changing emotion during a sequence of interactions is used to generate a response to a user's uttered command. In some examples, emotion processing and command processing of natural utterances are performed asynchronously.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and related products that provide emotion-sensitive responses to user's commands and other utterances received at an utterance-based user interface. Acknowledgements of user's utterances are adapted to the user and/or the user device, and emotions detected in the user's utterance that have been mapped from one or more emotion features extracted from the utterance. In some examples, extraction of a user's changing emotion during a sequence of interactions is used to generate a response to a user's uttered command. In some examples, emotion processing and command processing of natural utterances are performed asynchronously.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a voice synthesizing device includes a first operation receiving unit, a score transforming unit, and a voice synthesizing unit. The first operation receiving unit configured to receive a first operation specifying voice quality of a desired voice based on one or more upper level expressions indicating the voice quality. The score transforming unit configured to transform, based on a score transformation model that transforms a score of the upper level expression into a score of a lower level expression which is less abstract than the upper level expression, the score of the upper level expression corresponding to the first operation into a score of one or more lower level expressions. The voice synthesizing unit configured to generate a synthetic sound corresponding to a certain text based on the score of the lower level expression.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to systems and methods for therapeutic gas delivery for personal medical consumption. A hydrogen delivery system herein can include one or more electrolytic cores which use source water to carry out electrolysis-based reactions, and obtain free hydrogen (H2) gas which can be separated using a proton exchange membrane (PEM) or other filter for collection and delivery to a user. In aspects, the electrolytic core or cores can be constructed or scaled to produce a sufficient amount of hydrogen (H2) gas so that the user can ingest that gas directly, immediately, and/or in real-time or near real-time, without a need for storage of the gas. In aspects, the system can be portable, and configured with a vent port to eliminate oxygen (O2) gas that may accumulate during electrolytic reactions, and also a coalescer unit to reduce or eliminate water or water vapor from the output hydrogen (H2) gas.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to the text-to-speech synthesis and more particularly to a system and method for rendering textual messages using customized natural voice. In one embodiment, a system for rendering textual messages using customized natural voice, is disclosed, comprising a processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor. The memory stores processor instructions, which, on execution, causes the processor to receive present textual messages and at least one of previous textual messages, response to the previous textual messages or receiver's context. The processor further predicts final emotional state of sender's customized natural voice based on an intermediate emotional state and the receiver's context. The processor further synthesizes the sender's customized natural voice based on the predicted final emotional state of the sender's customized natural voice, voice samples and voice parameters associated with the at least one sender.