Abstract: A hydrocarbon-feed distributor for injecting a hydrocarbon feed into contact with a fluidizable catalyst at conversion conditions in the lower end of the riser reactor conduit whereby wall temperatures within the conversion zone are reduced and overcracking of the hydrocarbon feed is minimized.

Abstract: A process of reacting finely divided material in a fluidized bed supported by a circular grate in relative circular motion with regard to a cell enclosing an auxiliary bed which has a bottom in free communication with the main fluidized bed and which is in hydrostatic equilibrium with the latter, whereby slag settled on the grate is sorted and extracted.

Abstract: A method for disengaging catalyst particulates from the effluent of a riser tube in the operation of a FCC unit. The catalyst component of the resultant ascending fluid stream is propelled from the riser tube into the catalyst disengaging or collection chamber by virtue of the inertial momentum associated therewith. The vaporous hydrocarbon conversion products containing only residual entrained amounts of catalyst, being passively restrained from entering the disengaging chamber, are simultaneously diverted to a fractionation unit via a cyclonic separator.

Abstract: A catalytic reactor in which feed, catalyst and diluent gas enter the bottom of a reactor which has a cross-sectional area which does not decrease substantially, preferably which has a substantially constant cross-sectional area, from the point at which catalyst and feed first come in contact to the reactor outlet. Atop the reactor is a disengagement vessel of relatively large diameter in which the product gases are separated from the catalyst. The catalyst drops through a stripper culminating in a bend which collects catalyst to provide a seal between the reactor and a regenerator. A lift line carries the catalyst to the top of the regenerator through which the catalyst moves downward to a transfer line that returns the catalyst to the reactor. Flue gases are removed from the top of the regenerator. The transfer line culminates in a bend to collect solid catalyst, providing a seal between the regenerator and the reactor.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking process for simultaneously cracking a gas oil feed and upgrading a gasoline-range feed to produce high quality motor fuel. The gasoline-range feed is contacted with freshly regenerated catalyst in a relatively upstream portion of a short-time dilute-phase riser reaction zone maintained at first catalytic cracking conditions and the gas oil feed is contacted with used catalyst in a relatively downstream portion of the riser reaction zone which is maintained at second catalytic cracking conditions.Particularly suited to efficiently cracking a gas oil feed and upgrading a wide variety of gasoline-range feed, including the more refractory of such feeds, is a fluid catalytic cracking process comprising a short-time dilute-phase riser reaction zone and a regeneration zone in which CO, produced by the oxidation of coke, is essentially completely oxidized to CO.sub.2 and in which at least part of the heat of combustion is transferred to regenerated catalyst.

Abstract: A combination process is provided for residua demetalation and desulfurization and resulting coke gasification which comprises contacting said residua with a porous refractory oxide in the absence of added hydrogen, at a temperature of from greater than 700.degree.F to about 1100.degree.F and a refractory oxide to oil weight ratio of from about 0.1 to about 5 to produce upgraded residua of cracking feed quality, and contacting said refractory oxide after an amount of coke has formed thereon with steam and a free oxygen containing gas in which the mole ratio of steam to oxygen is from about 3 to about 5, at a temperature of from about 1000.degree.F to about 1500.degree.F to produce producer gas and regenerated porous refractory oxide for further contacting with residua.

Abstract: A catalytic reactor in which feed, catalyst and diluent gas enter the bottom of a reactor which has a cross-sectional area which does not decrease substantially, preferably which has a substantially constant cross-sectional area, from the point at which catalyst and feed first come in contact to the reactor outlet. Atop the reactor is a disengagement vessel of relatively large diameter in which the product gases are separated from the catalyst. The catalyst drops through a stripper culminating in a bend which collects catalyst to provide a seal between the reactor and a regenerator. A lift line carries the catalyst to the top of the regenerator through which the catalyst moves downward to a transfer line that returns the catalyst to the reactor. Flue gases are removed from the top of the regenerator. The transfer line culminates in a bend to collect solid catalyst, providing a seal between the regenerator and the reactor.

Abstract: A transport type fluid catalytic cracking reactor comprising a riser conduit, a flow reversal means and a downcomer conduit, wherein the flow reversal means has a closable top such that a shorter or longer residence time of catalyst and oil vapor in the transport reactor may be selected without affecting vapor velocity within the riser conduit. Also, a process employing such transport reactor.

Abstract: A transport type fluid catalytic cracking reactor comprising a riser conduit, a flow reversal means and a downcomer conduit, wherein the flow reversal means has a closable top such that a shorter or longer residence time of catalyst and oil vapor in the transport reactor may be selected without affecting vapor velocity within the riser conduit.

Abstract: A raffinate product of residual oil solvent extraction is upgraded in a fluid zeolite catalyst cracking operation in the presence of one or more low molecular weight carbon-hydrogen fragment contributors. Gas oil products of atmospheric and vacuum distillation may be simultaneously converted by admixture with the raffinate charge. In addition the process is enhanced by the addition of straight run naphtha product of distillation with the raffinate charge.