Abstract: The present inventors have discovered a novel composition, method of making the composition, system, process for treating a fluid containing a contaminant. The fluid may be aqueous. The contaminated fluid may be in the form of a suspension. The treatment reduces the concentration of the contaminant. The reduction in concentration of a contaminant may be sufficient so as to effect remediation of the fluid with respect to the contaminant. The treatment may reduce the concentration of a plurality of contaminants. The present composition, system, and process are robust and flexible. The composition includes zero valent iron, an iron oxide mineral, and ferrous iron. The ferrous iron promotes maintenance of the iron oxide mineral. The iron oxide mineral promotes the activity of the zero valent iron. The process and system may involve multiple stages. A stage may be optimized for treatment with respect to a particular contaminant.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the treatment of stimulation fluid that involves passing a mixture of the stimulation fluid and reagents through a sectioned tank, each section having the means to agitate the mixture contained therein. Treated fluid is removed from a final settling section for reuse in oil and gas production operations.

Abstract: A component separating device includes a flow channel, an acoustic wave generator for generating an acoustic wave in the flow channel, a first inlet channel for introducing a fist solution containing solid particles into the flow channel, a second inlet channel for introducing a second solution, and outlet channels for discharging a solution from the flow channel. A density grade generator is provided at the first inlet channel for forming a density grade of the solid particles. This component separating device extracts the solid particles into a high-purity solution at a high collecting rate.

Abstract: Provided is a wastewater treatment technology (in particular, pretreatment technology) that, in comparison to existing technologies, can reduce the quantity of sludge generated as a result of processing wastewater that contains fluorine and silicon. Before adding a calcium compound to wastewater that contains fluorine and silicon and performing coagulation-sedimentation treatment on said wastewater, as a pretreatment, sodium hydroxide is added to the wastewater (first reaction tank 1), sodium silicofluoride is precipitated, and the precipitate sodium silicofluoride is removed via solid-liquid separation (first sedimentation tank 2).

Abstract: A multi-stage filtering and treatment apparatus comprising a minimum of three stages, wherein the first stage comprises a container for separation of large scale aggregate or particulate matter from the washout slurry, the second stage comprises a container for separation of small scale aggregate or particular matter from the washout slurry, and the third stage comprises a container for separation of suspended particles and fines from the washout slurry and adjustment of the pH as needed. Each such stage comprises a pass-though container that temporarily retains the washout liquid before allowing passage of liquid from one stage container to the next and then out of the apparatus altogether.

Abstract: One or more apparatuses for removing hydrocarbons and contaminates are provided. The apparatus for removing hydrocarbons and contaminates can include a hopper in communication with a material moving device. The material moving device can be at least partially disposed within a trough. An injection port can be disposed in the trough. A separation tank can be communication with the material moving device, and the separation tank can be in fluid communication with a scalper, a shaker screen, a screen, a hydrocyclone, a dewatering centrifuge, a clarifying tank, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems and methods of treating water by directing the water to a first reverse osmosis (RO) membrane; separating the water using the first RO membrane; adding a chelating agent to first permeate and/or raising the pH of the first permeate to between about 5.5 and 7.5 before a second RO membrane; and separating the first permeate into a second permeate and a second concentrate using the second RO membrane, thereby separating constituents from the water.

Abstract: A purifying device adapted to perform a method of photochemical elimination of xenobiotics present in water. The purifying device comprises a photochemical reactor unit having at least one inlet for contaminated water and one outlet for purified water, it provides a flow path for continuously flowing water from said inlet to said outlet, and is equipped with a radiation source module providing ultraviolet radiation in a wavelength range ranging from 100 to 280 nm. The purifying device further comprises at least one membrane filtration unit designed to perform ultra filtration and connected upstream of said photochemical reactor unit via said inlet and at least one device for supplying air or dioxygen to the water comprised in the photochemical reactor unit. Further, a purification method is provided, using the device of the invention.

Abstract: Fluid purification or treatment apparatus (10) for treating or purifying contaminated liquids such as water which includes at least one upright elongated primary treatment chamber (11) having an inlet (14) for fluid to be treated at an upper end of the chamber (11) such that fluid flows downwardly through the chamber (11) and means (20 or 24) for introducing a sterilizing agent such as ozone or ozone enriched air into a lower end of the chamber (11) for bubbling upwardly through liquid flowing downwardly through the chamber (11), means (16) at the upper end of the chamber (11) for removing waste and an ultraviolet lamp (29) for UV treatment of the liquid, the ultraviolet lamp (29) being located in a separate chamber (12) connected to the primary treatment chamber (11) or within the primary treatment chamber (11). A plurality of chambers (11) and (12) may be provided for multiple treatment of the liquid.

Abstract: A process for treating a water stream containing dissolved organic carbon and dissolved salts comprises subjecting the water stream to reverse osmosis after a pre-treatment step to reduce the amount of dissolved organic carbon directed in water to the reverse osmosis treatment step. The preferred pre-treatment step is a membrane treatment step such as nanofiltration. The process enables treatment of complex effluents including mixtures of domestic and industrial effluents. Treated water may be recycled and a treatment plant (100) employing the process forms another aspect of the invention.

Abstract: In various aspects, the invention provides for processing a hydrocarbon feed having hydrocarbon and emulsified aqueous components demulsifying into hydrocarbon and aqueous phases over an initial demulsification time, with an active agent to form a treated feed. The active agent has an active agent solubility in the hydrocarbon component and in the aqueous component, the aqueous component has an aqueous component solubility in the hydrocarbon component. The active agent solubility in the hydrocarbon component is greater than the aqueous component solubility in the hydrocarbon component. The active agent solubility in the aqueous component is greater than the active agent solubility in the hydrocarbon component. The active agent solubility in the aqueous component is greater than the active agent solubility in the hydrocarbon component.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods and systems for processing waste are provided. For example, a system for processing waste, wherein the waste comprises hard particulates embedded therein, can be provided. The system can comprise a waste disruptor, wherein the waste disruptor disrupts the waste and releases at least one of the embedded hard particulates from the disrupted waste; a segregator, wherein the segregator segregates at least one of the released hard particulates from the waste; and a dilution unit, wherein the dilution unit dilutes the waste. In some embodiments, the system can include a waste loader that provides waste continuously to the waste disruptor, which is configured to disrupt at least a portion of the continuously provided waste.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided for removing a variety of contaminants using both rare earth and non-rare earth-containing treatment elements.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention disclosed is an apparatus for separating a solid material from a mixture containing oil, water, clay, sand, soil and drill cuttings. The apparatus comprise a series of processing cells and wash tanks. Hydrocyclonic devices are also used to further purify the solid mixture for disposal.

Abstract: A portable device for filtering and purifying water comprised of an outer chamber and an inner chamber that is slidable within a section of the outer chamber, and a small pore size pre-filter, whereby water is drawn through the pre-filter into the first container section of the outer chamber where it is isolated and treated with a disinfectant agent, then is drawn out of the first container section and into the second container section, and then into the inner chamber, where it is passed across another filtering material such as an activated carbon bed, removing any remaining contaminants before the potable water exits through a mouthpiece.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems, methods and devices for removing contaminants from an aqueous stream. In embodiments, these systems and methods may be applied to particular applications, for example removal of contaminants in aqueous streams associated with the petroleum industry.

Abstract: An extracorporeal circuit for removing toxins from the blood and plasma volume control in patients suffering from sepsis and renal failure. The extracorporeal circuit disclosed herein comprises a plasma filter, a toxin removal device and optionally a hemofilter that minimizes electrolyte and protein depletion from the treated plasma while effectively removing both free and protein-bound toxins. The toxin removal device comprises adsorbent materials selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, ion exchange resins and non-ionic exchange resins and the adsorbent materials are coated with albumin. Also provided are associated methods for treating patients suffering from sepsis and renal failure using the disclosed extracorporeal circuit and toxin removal device.

Abstract: A spiral membrane module where membrane elements are easily connected to each other and the connection thereof is prevented from being loosened. The spiral membrane elements (20) are each formed in multiple layers by winding membranes and channel materials around a center tube (3) having holes and are received in a pressure vessel (10) such that they are connected in series with connection mechanisms (J) placed between the membrane elements (20). Each connection mechanism (J) has a movable member (M) installed at either the upstream side end part or the downstream side end part of each membrane element (20) and having an engagement part (9d) engageable with the other of the upstream side end or the downstream side end. The movable member (M) has a contact part (9c) coming into contact with the inner wall (10a) of the pressure vessel (10) and locking the engagement by the engagement part (9d).

Abstract: A filter to provide potable water may generally comprise an inlet in fluid communication with an outlet, a halogen release system intermediate the inlet and the outlet, a filter material comprising chitosan or a derivative thereof intermediate the halogen release system and the outlet, and a scavenger barrier intermediate the filter material and the outlet. The filter material may comprise a chitosan-halogen complex. The filter material is capable of regeneration during periods of stagnation. The filter may have a Log reduction value for viruses of at least 4 and a Log reduction value for bacteria of at least 6.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for purifying crude tall oil. The purification method comprises a first purification step (2) for separating at least solids (8) from the crude tall oil and producing solids free crude tall oil, and after the first purification step (2) a second purification step (4) for separating water (14) from the solids free crude tall oil. The purification apparatus comprises at least one solids separator (3, 5?) for separating at least solids (8) from the crude tall oil and producing solids free crude tall oil, and at least one water separator (5, 9) arranged downstream of the solids separator (3, 5?) in the flow direction of the crude tall oil for separating at least water (14) from the solids free crude tall oil.

Abstract: A filtration device is provided that includes a filter component and an additive component. The filter component includes concentrically arranged filtering elements disposed in a filter-in-filter configuration. The additive component includes at least one additive material that is introduced into a working fluid to be filtered. The filter component and additive component provide an assembly for a filtration system that would filter a variety of working fluids. The filter component and additive component provides an assembly that can filter fluids more efficiently. As a result, fluids may enjoy, for example, extended drainage intervals and thereby reduce component wear.

Abstract: Compositions, methods of making the compositions, systems, and processes for treating a fluid containing a contaminant are presented. The treatment reduces the concentration of contaminants, such as such as toxic metals, metalloids, oxyanions, and dissolved silica. The reduction in concentration of a contaminant may be sufficient so as to effect remediation of the fluid with respect to the contaminant. The treatment may reduce the concentration of a plurality of contaminants. The composition typically includes zero-valent iron, an iron oxide mineral, and ferrous iron. The ferrous iron promotes maintenance of the iron oxide mineral. The iron oxide mineral may, in turn, promote the activity of the zero-valent iron. The processes and systems may involve multiple stages. A stage may be optimized for treatment with respect to a particular contaminant. Examples of contaminated fluids include aqueous fluids, such as groundwater, subsurface water, and aqueous industrial waste streams.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating a fluid mixture includes a uniaxial cyclonic separator (2) having a separation chamber (18) for separating the fluid mixture by cyclonic action into a first fluid and a second fluid. An inlet (16) is located at a first end of the separation chamber (18) for receiving a fluid mixture, while a first outlet (22) for the first fluid and a second outlet (26) for the second fluid are located at a second end of the separation chamber. A gas injection means (12) is provided for injecting a gas into the fluid mixture to aid separation within the separation chamber (18). The gas injection may also be through an annular chamber surrounding the separator chamber (18). The gas in this case is introduced through a porous medium 130 via a gas supply line 136.

Abstract: A fluid clarification system and method is described in which fluid is passed through one or more settling compartments, each having a solids outlet at the base of the compartment. The base of each compartment includes inclined surfaces for guiding settled solids to the outlet. Also described is a polymer reaction trough including baffles to promote gentle mixing of inflow fluid with flocculant. The system is designed to reduce costs of transportation, flocculent, and solids handling. The system is preferably arranged to facilitate transport on a skid or trailer, while maximizing fluid handling capabilities and minimizing costs.

Abstract: A mineral water producing method includes the steps of inputting basic data to obtain data about human mineral intake and data about average mineral intake from food; selecting a water supply area to obtain data about mineral intake from daily water intake; selecting an eating habit and a physical/mental condition; inputting personal body weight and calculating mineral intake; setting a daily water intake and calculating a daily mineral supplement; and outputting mineral water. A mineral water producing apparatus includes a water inlet and a water outlet; a first filter being connected at a first end to the water inlet and at a second end to the water outlet; at least one mineral substance container being located between and connected to the second end of the filter and the water outlet; and a controller for controlling the mineral substance container to supply a mineral substance.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment apparatus that obtains treated water by adding a flocculant and magnetic powder to wastewater accumulated in a tank to thereby generate flocculated magnetic flocs, and recovering the magnetic flocs by means of a magnetic force to thereby remove the magnetic flocs from the wastewater, comprising: a magnetic flocs treatment device which treats the recovered magnetic flocs and which comprises a high pressure pump and a magnetic separation portion; wherein the magnetic separation portion has a structure in which fluid piping is arranged at a magnetic field generating portion, and magnetic powder in the magnetic flocs is recovered by using the high pressure pump to pump the recovered magnetic flocs to the fluid piping of the magnetic separation portion, and causing the magnetic powder in the magnetic flocs to attach to the fluid piping by means of a magnetic force of the magnetic field generating portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water purifier of tap water. According to the present invention, a metal having a higher ionization tendency is ionized by exposing the metal to water to be purified. The metal having a higher ionization tendency is selected based on iron (Fe) and limited to metals having a higher ionization tendency as compared with iron (Fe). Electrons generated when a metal is ionized into water react with heavy metal ions that have already existed in the water to reduce the heavy metal ions. The heavy metal ions react with the electrons and are converted into heavy metal components. The heavy metals are pulled by magnets with a strong magnetism and removed from the water safely. When using a water purifier according to the present invention, users can drink water useful to the human body safely and hygienically since mineral components dissolved into water are not removed at all while removing the heavy metals although small quantities of heavy metals are dissolved into water.

Abstract: A water treatment system having a biological treatment step (a secondary treatment step) and a membrane separation step (a tertiary treatment step), wherein a portion of the raw water to be treated and/or a portion of the primarily treated water in the pretreatment step are biologically treated and supplied into a reaction tank in the membrane separation step as the main channel system, while the remainder the raw water to be treated and/or the remainder of the primarily treated water in the pretreatment step are added together with a flocculating agent to the reaction tank in the membrane separation step, and then the membrane separation is conducted in the membrane separation step.

Abstract: A lubricant reclamation system having a reclamation device (100) is sectioned into three processing sections: a centralized core section (150), a peripheral filtering section (170), and a base filtering section (190). A series of peripheral conduits (172, 182) are disposed within the peripheral filtering section (170) having an entrance port (174) in communication with an inlet manifold (105) and discharging via an exit port (176) in communication with the base filter (190), a peripheral filtering material (178), or the core filtering section (150). The peripheral conduits (172, 182) can be linear, multi-directional, tapering, and spiraling. The filter is in fluid communication with a series of stacked reclamation members (130, 140). The stacked reclamation members (130, 140) provide processing and/or monitoring of the lubricant via electrical or pneumatic interface.

Abstract: There is herein described the removal of fluid from fluid-contaminated waste solids and a method and apparatus for analysing and detecting the amount of oil in a fluid-contaminated waste material. In particular, there is described the removal of oil from drill cuttings at an offshore rig, onshore treatment facility and other oily wastes such as refinery wastes and an improved method and apparatus for analysing and detecting the amount of oil in solid material (e.g. drill cuttings) from an offshore rig, onshore treatment facility and other oily wastes such as from refinery wastes.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for biologically treating a spent caustic to provide a treated spent caustic, said method comprising the steps of: (a) passing a spent caustic stream (25) comprising water, alkali metal hydroxide and sulphide to a first bioreactor (30); (b) biologically oxidising sulphide in the first bioreactor (30) with sulphide-oxidising bacteria to form sulphur) (S0) and sulphate to provide a partially oxidised spent caustic comprising sulphur) (S0) and sulphate; (c) passing the partially oxidised spent caustic to a second bioreactor (40) where at least a portion of the partially oxidised spent caustic is further oxidised with sulphide-oxidising bacteria to generate sulphate from sulphur) (S0) to provide a treated spent caustic comprising sulphate.

Abstract: A Liquid-Liquid Extraction apparatus for extracting at least one species from a donor liquid solution (6) into at least one recipient liquid (8) is disclosed The apparatus comprises one or more cells comprising a cartridge (3) with an open macro-porous solid matrix made o a micro-porous material having affinity to an extractant material, so that a thin layer of liquid extractant may attach to the matrix.

Abstract: A dialysate regeneration unit adapted for regenerating a dialysate containing carrier substances comprises a first flow path and a second flow path. The first flow path comprises a first supply unit adapted for adding an acidic fluid to the dialysate flowing in the first flow path, and a detoxification unit located downstream of the first supply unit. The detoxification unit is adapted for removing toxins from the acidified dialysate flowing in the first flow path. The second flow path extends in parallel to the first flow path. The second flow path comprises a second supply unit adapted for adding an alkaline fluid to the dialysate flowing in the second flow path, and a further detoxification unit located downstream of the second supply unit. The further detoxification unit is adapted for removing toxins from the alkalised dialysate flowing in the second flow path.

Abstract: An aggregating agent injector (13) injects into raw water an aggregating agent for aggregating solids in raw water, a first aggregation aid injector (16) injects into raw water with the aggregating agent injected therein an aggregation aid for hardening or consolidating flocs formed by the aggregating agent, and a centrifugal separator (18) has a flocculator portion for causing raw water with the aggregation aid injected therein to whirl therein to flocculate solids in raw water, and a solid collector portion for causing raw water to swirl at higher speeds than in the flocculator portion to separate flocs from raw water.

Abstract: A staggered filtration system suitable for use in fluid processing is disclosed. A method of using a staggered filtration system to process fluids, such as oils, edible oils, fats, and similar materials, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for treating feedwater to remove contaminants therefrom, the system comprising at least one high shear mixing device comprising at least one generator comprising a rotor and a stator separated by a shear gap, wherein the shear gap is the minimum distance between the rotor and the stator, and wherein the high shear mixing device is capable of producing a tip speed of the rotor of greater than 22.9 m/s (4,500 ft/min) and a pump configured for delivering feedwater and treatment gas selected from oxygen, air, and chlorine to the high shear mixing device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and installation for treatment of an aqueous phase containing a used adsorbent powdery material, such as activated carbon powder, from a water purification or potabilization installation, wherein said method includes: a first step of desorbing the main part of the organic matter adsorbed on the used adsorbent powdery material consisting of placing said aqueous phase containing the used adsorbent powdery material in contact with a desorbent compound resulting in a first aqueous phase containing at least partially regenerated adsorbent powdery material and desorbed organic matter; a first step of separating by sedimentation the main part of the desorbed organic matter from the rest of the first aqueous phase containing the at least partially regenerated adsorbent powdery material leading to the production of a second aqueous phase containing the at least partially regenerated adsorbent powdery material; a first step of neutralizing said second aqueous phase containing the at le

Abstract: Desalination methods that include carbonate compound precipitation are provided. In certain embodiments, feed water is subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions prior to desalination. In certain embodiments, desalination waste brine is subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions. In yet other embodiments, both feed water and waste brine are subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions. Aspects of embodiments of the invention include carbon dioxide sequestration. Embodiments of the invention further employ a precipitate product of the carbonate compound precipitation conditions as a building material, e.g., a cement. Also provided are systems configured for use in methods of the invention.

Abstract: A component separating device includes a flow channel, an acoustic wave generator for generating an acoustic wave in the flow channel, a first inlet channel for introducing a fist solution containing solid particles into the flow channel, a second inlet channel for introducing a second solution, and outlet channels for discharging a solution from the flow channel. A density grade generator is provided at the first inlet channel for forming a density grade of the solid particles. This component separating device extracts the solid particles into a high-purity solution at a high collecting rate.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a method and an apparatus for removing metals in waste water, such as thallium contained in waste water generated by rinsing waste containing chlorine, ash obtained by burning garbage, fly ash, etc. and reduces the concentration of metals in the waste water to a discharge standard, and the present invention provides a method for removing metals comprising applying direct-current electricity by an electrolyzer 5 to waste water S5, which contains metal aggregate, discharged via a reaction tank 1, a settler 2, and a reaction tank 4, and thereby the waste water S5 is electrolyzed together with depositing metals dissolve in the waste water S5 as metal oxides, separating the waste water containing deposited metal oxides in a precision filtration apparatus 6 into suspended solid MP and waste water S7, and removing a small amount of metals dissolve in the waste water S7 after removing the suspended solid MP in an ion exchange unit 7.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and kits for positive selection of species of interest based on peptide/protein sequence from a biological sample. The species of interest may be proteins and/or peptides of interest which may be placed through a mass spectrometer to obtain a blood peptide/protein signature. The blood peptide/protein signature may be used in proteomic analysis. The techniques include but are not limited to the use of collectors comprising nucleic acid molecules to extract a composition that has a lower concentration of a high abundance species of interest from a sample. This limits the level of influence that any collectors species may have on the results of a mass spectra.

Abstract: The presently described subject matter provides a method for reducing boron concentration in a process of desalination of high salinity liquid including passing the high salinity liquid through a first pass reverse osmosis (RO) device to produce a first pass permeate, where at least part of the first pass permeate is treated with a scale inhibitor to obtain a modified first pass permeate being fed into at least one additional RO device to produce at least an additional pass permeate, where the at least one additional pass permeate includes a lower boron concentration than that in the high salinity liquid.

Abstract: A portable device for filtering and purifying water comprised of an outer chamber and an inner chamber that is slidable within a section of the outer chamber, and a small pore size pre-filter, whereby water is drawn through the pre-filter into the first container section of the outer chamber where it is isolated and treated with a disinfectant agent, then is drawn out of the first container section and into the second container section, and then into the inner chamber, where it is passed across another filtering material such as an activated carbon bed, removing any remaining contaminants before the potable water exits through a mouthpiece.

Abstract: A liquid purification and separation apparatus for separation of pollutants in stormwater runoff is disclosed. This apparatus utilizes gravitational separation and tortuosity, resulting from a plurality of baffles both perpendicular to and oblique to the primary water flow direction, to trap substances less-dense and more-dense than water. The apparatus features improved resistance to pollutant remobilization through treatment of water volume rather than flow rates, using vertically stacked water columns of varying depths to settle small particles. An overflow structure diverts excessive liquid without interfering with purification and separation, and can be placed integrally within or external to the apparatus receptacle.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method of recycling and producing fibers from sewage sludge, such as streams of municipal, agricultural and industrial flowing wastes to be further processed. The present invention also relates to industrial means adapted for recycling the same. The present invention discloses environmentally friendly processes and means for recovering valuable fibers and especially cellulose fibers and the like from agricultural and/or urban sewage sludge, waste and/or industrial effluents to decrease its volume especially BOD and TSS, obtaining valuable raw materials and decreasing environmental damages.

Abstract: Methods and systems for processing organic waste material are provided. These methods and systems include integrating an anaerobic bio-digester and nutrient recovery module with a bio-production facility, which can locally provide feedstock for the bio-production facility, and can locally provide organic material for the anaerobic bio-digester. Methods and systems for integrating an anaerobic bio-digester with a gas cleaner are also provided, which can recover nutrients while cleaning the biogas produced by the anaerobic bio-digester.

Abstract: The invention is intended to produce high-pressure light fuel gas with good combustibility by contacting and reacting high-temperature, high-pressure water and heavy oil with each other in a contact-reaction unit to extract light oil components from the heavy oil and to remove metals. The high-temperature, high-pressure water and the heavy oil are introduced to the contact-reaction unit for contact and reaction with each other therein. Heavy oil components not dissolved in the high-temperature, high-pressure water are separated by precipitation from hydrocarbon gases and light oil components which are dissolved in the high-temperature, high-pressure water. The separated heavy oil components are burnt or incinerated without any further modification.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system for use on marine vessels or land-based applications where wastewater is separated into two separate sources as graywater and raw sewage (blackwater). For blackwater, the treatment system incorporates five general phases (or zones): (1) screening, (2) clarifying, (3) filtering, (4) advanced oxidation, and (5) sludge reducing. For graywater, the treatment system incorporates three general phases (or zones): (1) screening (2) filtering, and (3) advanced oxidation. Each train of the treatment system (blackwater and graywater) can operate as a stand-alone system or can be assimilated into an integrated treatment train for both graywater and blackwater. This system is particularly useful in today's restrictive regulatory environment.

Abstract: For providing a water filtration purifying apparatus and a method thereof, enabling to reduce the manufacturing costs of the apparatus as a whole, by combining a function of filtration and a function of separation/concentration, the filtration function and the separation/concentration are separated, in the structure thereof. Thus, since all sewage waters generated in respective filtration separators can be collected by only one (1) set of a magnetic separator, even if there are plural number of the filtration separators, it is possible to dissolve a problem of rising up the costs of the apparatus, as a whole. With this, it is possible to provide a water filtration purifying apparatus, for enabling high water-quality purification and also reducing low manufacturing costs thereof, by further small-sizing the magnetic separating portion.

Abstract: A filtration device is provided that includes a filter component and an additive component. The filter component includes concentrically arranged filtering elements disposed in a filter-in-filter configuration. The additive component includes at least one additive material that is introduced into a working fluid to be filtered. The filter component and additive component provide an assembly for a filtration system that would filter a variety of working fluids. The filter component and additive component provides an assembly that can filter fluids more efficiently. As a result, fluids may enjoy, for example, extended drainage intervals and thereby reduce component wear.