Abstract: An adsorbent, which has been prepared by mixing (a) one part by weight of (i) at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrated ferrites of titanium, zirconium and tin or (ii) a mixture of the said hydrated ferrites(s) and at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrated oxides of titanium, zirconium, tin and iron with (b) about 1/10 to 3 parts by weight of a thermosetting resin showing resistance to acids and alkalis such as an unsaturated polyester or polyurethane resin, followed by curing.The adsorbent can be used to adsorb a great variety of anions and cations and especially as an adsorbent for phosphate ions.The adsorbent shows excellent resistance to acids and alkalis, and can be subjected to repeated desorption and regeneration procedures without causing any deterioration of its adsorptive capacity, thus permitting its repeated usage over a long period of time.The adsorbent can be magnetically separated, and facilitates solid-liquid separation.

Abstract: Preparations and uses are shown for novel crystalline aluminates which conform generally to the empirical formulaMgA.sub.a.sup.v Z.sub.b.sup.v.nAl(OH).sub.3.mH.sub.2 Owhere A and Z represent negative-valence ions or radicals selected from the group comprising hydroxyl, halide, inorganic acid, and organic acid,n is a value of from about 1 to about 2,v is a negative valence of 1, 2, or 3,a and b each have values of from zero to 2,with (va)+(vb) equal to 2, andwith m being a value of zero or more.

Abstract: Preparations and uses are shown for novel crystalline aluminates which conform generally to the empirical formulaMgA.sub.a.sup.v Z.sub.b.sup.v.nAl(OH).sub.3.mH.sub.2 OwhereinA and Z represent negative-valence ions or radicals selected from the group comprising hydroxyl, halide, inorganic acid, and organic acid,n is a value of from about 1 to about 2,v is a negative valence of 1, 2, or 3,a and b each have values of from zero to 2, with (va)+(vb) equal to 2, and withm being a value of zero or more.

Abstract: Sulfite ions are removed from an aqueous liquid by decreasing the pH of the liquid to convert at least a portion of the sulfite ions to bisulfite ions and contacting the liquid with a macroreticular solid compound containing carbonyl groups that can form adducts with the bisulfite ions.

Abstract: An adsorbent, which is prepared by subjecting to curing a mixture consisting of (a) one part by weight of at least one member selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide hydrate, zirconium oxide hydrate and tin oxide hydrate and of (b) about 1/10 to 3 parts by weight of an epoxy, unsaturated polyester or polyurethane resin.The adsorbent can be used as an adsorbent for a great variety of anions and cations and especially as the adsorbent for phosphate ion.The adsorbent displays also improved chemical resistance, resistant to acids and alkalis, and can be subjected to repeated desorption and regeneration procedures without causing any deterioration of its adsorptive capacity, thus permitting the repeated usage over a long period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of abstracting heavy metal ions from solution by contacting the solution containing heavy metal ions with a cross-linked vegetable protein, or a mixture of cross-linked vegetable proteins. The method may be used to separate a mixture of heavy metal ions in solution by selectively abstracting a particular heavy metal ion by contacting the particular heavy metal ion with a selected cross-linked vegetable protein.Preferred vegetable proteins are derived from wheat, rape seed, safflower seed, sun-flower seed or soya bean.

Abstract: A gas stream containing SO.sub.x and NO.sub.x compounds is first treated for SO.sub.x removal by absorbing the SO.sub.x components in an aqueous liquid absorbent comprising formic or oxalic acid and an alkanolamine containing a tertiary amine functional group. When spent, this absorbent is regenerated by subjection to an elevated temperature sufficient to produce sulfur and/or hydrogen sulfide. The SO.sub.x -purified gas recovered from the first absorption step is then treated for NO.sub.x removal by contact with a second liquid absorbent solution containing a ferrous chelate in an aqueous, acidic medium. This absorbent is regenerated by contact, under conditions of elevated temperature and pressure, and in the presence of added formate ion, with a catalyst comprising a water-insoluble substance containing one or more tertiary amine functional groups such that absorbed NO.sub.x components are converted to elemental nitrogen.

Abstract: Contaminants such as surfactants, antifoam agents, viscosifying agents, corrosion inhibitors, other agents used in tertiary recovery of enhanced oil recovery operations, and the like are removed from a contaminated feedstock stream by contacting said feedstock stream with an adsorbent selected from montmorillonite clays, amorphous silica, and mixtures thereof with one another and/or with bauxite. In a further aspect, the thus purified feedstock stream is hydrodesulfurized.

Abstract: A method for reducing the concentration of carbonate in an aqueous solution which includes contacting the aqueous solution with a strongly basic ion-exchange resin.

Abstract: Ion exchange materials are prepared by retaining a vinyl monomer solution within the interstices of a fiber structure, such as a woven or non-woven fabric, polymerizing these monomers in the presence of an organic solvent sparingly soluble or totally insoluble in water to form a macroreticular polymer, and functionalizing the macroreticular polymer with an ion exchange functional group.

Abstract: Preparations and uses are shown for novel crystalline aluminates which conform generally to the empirical formulaMgA.sub.a.sup.V Z.sub.b.sup.v .multidot.nAl(OH).sub.3 .multidot.mH.sub.2 OwhereA and Z represent negative-valence ions or radicals selected from the group comprising hydroxyl, halide, inorganic acid, and organic acid,n is a value of from about 1 to about 2,v is a negative valence of 1, 2, or 3,a and b each have values of from zero to 2, with (va)+(vb) equal to 2, and with m being a value of zero or more.

Abstract: A cationic adsorption agent which is obtained by reaction of(a) an amino compound which contains at least one amino group and at least one free or methylolated carboxamide group, with(b) an aminoplast precondensate which does not contain amino groups.The novel adsorption agent is suitable in particular for removing anionic substances, such as acid dyes or reactive dyes, from aqueous solutions, especially from wastewaters.

Abstract: Functional magnetic particles are formed by dissolving a mucopolysaccharide such as chitosan in acidified aqueous solution containing a mixture of ferrous chloride and ferric chloride. As the pH of the solution is raised magnetite is formed in situ in the solution by raising the pH. The dissolved chitosan is a polyelectrolyte and forms micelles surrounding the granules at pH of 8-9. The chitosan precipitates on the granules to form microspheres containing the magnetic granules.On addition of the microspheres to waste aqueous streams containing dissolved ions, the hydroxyl and amine functionality of the chitosan forms chelates binding heavy metal cations such as lead, copper, and mercury and the chelates in turn bind anions such as nitrate, fluoride, phosphate and borate.

Abstract: An isotope separation apparatus comprises a plurality of independent developing units, each comprising 2 to 20 adsorbent-packed columns forming a continuous developing circuit or passageway, and the developing units are connected to at least one common main pipe for supplying an isotope mixture solution, a regenerating agent solution, or an eluent solution. Also, in a further embodiment the developing units are connected to common liquid-discharge main pipes.The separation or concentration of isotopes such as uranium isotopes, nitrogen isotopes, boron isotopes, etc., is performed by continuously developing the isotope mixture solution passed through the individual adsorbent-packed columns successively in each developing units.

Abstract: Industrial waste-water, particularly cooling water containing water conditioning chemical additives, which heretofore has been discharged to the environment as blowdown because of high silica content, may now be treated for selective silica removal to condition it for reuse in industrial systems. It has been discovered that silica may be effectively and selectively removed from such waste-water streams without the consequential removal of its beneficial chemical conditioning additives by passing such water over activated alumina and thereafter returning it to the system from which it was withdrawn thereby maintaining the silica concentration in the system below its scale formation level.

Abstract: The rejection flow from a water ultrafiltration system is passed through a filtration means for removal of bacteria, viri, pyrogens, and colloids, the effluent of which is reintroduced into the affluent presented to the ultrafiltration surface. Treatment of the refjection flow prior to ultrafiltration after removal of bacteria, viri, pyrogens, and colloids may include carbon filtration followed by ion exchange treatment.

Abstract: Water is treated to selectively remove substantially all of the nitrates present. This selective removal of nitrates is accomplished by adjusting the pH of the water to be treated, if necessary, to a pH of less than 8, and then passing the pH-controlled water through activated carbon. In one of the preferred embodiments, the spent activated carbon is substantially completely regenerated by backwashing to permit reuse of the carbon.

Abstract: Spent aqueous liquor containing cyanide, as from ore treatment, is passed through a bed of suitable anion-exchange resin to segregate the cyanide, which is subsequently recovered in regeneration of the resin by weak alkaline solution. Both the eluted cyanide and the alkaline regenerant are recycled, if desired, for further ore treatment. A most important benefit of such procedure is nearly complete elimination of cyanide as a component of the treatment effluent. Free cyanide may be separated from complexed cyanides when present by using weak alkaline regenerant to elute the free cyanide from the resin and stronger alkaline regenerant to elute the complexed cyanides.

Abstract: A method of removing specific water-soluble anionic surfactants from water is disclosed. Briefly, the method comprises forming an emulsion by adding a nonionic surfactant and a hydrocarbon to the water and anionic surfactant. The emulsion is broken, with the anionic and nonionic surfactant being present in the hydrocarbon layer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparation of a water for hemodialysis, particularly renal hemodialysis, and consists of fixing the acetate anions (CH.sub.3 COO.sup.-) on at least one water-insoluble anion-exchange resin contained in a column and passing a potable water through a bed of said resin which is thus prepared, in order to substitute the anions contained in the initial potable water for the acetate anions. The water which is obtained is devoid of ions which are undesirable for the hemodialysis process and is suitable for the preparation of a hemodialysis solution by means of a traditional type of aqueous solution.

Abstract: Process for purifying phosphate containing waste waters in which aluminum oxide is used as the sorption material. The waste water is brought into contact with fine-grained aluminum oxide in a grain size range from 0.05 to 0.2 mm. Simultaneously, a gas is blown in, which is inert with respect to Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and with respect to phosphate ions.

Abstract: A process for removing SO.sub.x pollutants from a stack gas by (1) absorbing the SO.sub.x pollutants with an aqueous absorbent containing a formate compound and (2) regenerating the spent absorbent containing dissolved SO.sub.x compounds by contact, in the presence of added formate anion, with a water-insoluble, solid substance containing one or more tertiary amine functional groups. Nitrogen monoxide is removed by providing an aqueous absorbent of an iron(II) chelate, such as a chelate of ferrous ion with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Regeneration of spent absorbent containing absorbed NO is accomplished under the same conditions as for spent absorbents containing absorbed SO.sub.x compounds. SO.sub.x and NO pollutants dissolved in the absorbent are, during regeneration, converted to sulfur and nitrogen without the discharge of waste solids.