Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for recognizing tumorous living cell tissue. It furthermore relates to a method and to an apparatus for recognizing tumorous cell tissue at collected living cell tissue samples. In the method, electromagnetic radiation is emitted with local definition onto cell tissue by a radiation source and, after deactivation of the radiation source, the decay behavior of the inherent fluorescence intensity of the cell tissue excited by the electromagnetic radiation is detected at the cell tissue in a time resolved and spectrally resolved manner at known sampling rate(s) for at least one wavelength using a detector.

Abstract: A device for multi-photon fluorescence microscopy for obtaining information from biological tissue has a laser unit for generating an excitation radiation, an optical unit implemented for focusing the excitation radiation for generating an optical signal at various locations in or on an object to be investigated, and a detector module for capturing the optical signal from the region of the object. The optical unit is thereby displaceable at least in one direction relative to the object for generating the optical signal at various locations in or on the object. The invention further relates to a method for multi-photon fluorescence microscopy. In said manner, a device and a method for multi-photon fluorescence microscopy are provided for obtaining information from biological tissue, allowing recording of section images in an object with a large field of view, and thereby are simply constructed and reliable in operation.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of product marking and identification, more in particular to methods of differentiating products or product versions and to methods of product authentication. The present invention further relates to marker systems for product authentication, to a kit of parts for applying a marker system to a product and identifying the marked product, in particular seed, to seed coating compositions and to coated seed.

Abstract: Embodiments include methods and apparatus for identifying a thermographic phosphor (e.g., Er:YIG) incorporated on or within an article. The method and apparatus embodiments include an excitation energy generator selectively exposing the article to excitation energy in an absorption band of the thermographic phosphor. An emitted radiation detector detects first emission characteristics of first emitted radiation from the article within an emission band of the thermographic phosphor when the article has a first temperature, and detects second emission characteristics of second emitted radiation from the article within the emission band when the article has a second temperature that is different from the first temperature. A temperature adjustment element is configured to adjust the temperature of the article. Embodiments further include a processing system determining whether the first emission characteristics are sufficiently different from the second emission characteristics.

Abstract: A fluorescence microtitre plate reader comprises a plate reader body (2) having a base (3), top (5) and sidewalls (4), the top of the plate reader comprising at least one seat (6) dimensioned for receipt of a microtitre plate (7), the at least one seat defining an aperture (8) in the top of the plate that substantially corresponds to a base of the plate. The plate reader also includes means for illuminating wells of a microtitre plate with light from beneath the plate having an excitation wavelength, and a camera (10) and lens (11) assembly for capturing light emitted by the wells of the microtitre plate and generating a digital image, in which regions of light intensity of the image correspond to wells of the microtitre plate.

Abstract: A prism used in analysis utilizing surface plasmons is prism of a dielectric medium with a predetermined reflective index. Trapezoidal prism comprises an incident surface on which excitation light is incident from outside, a reflective surface at which the excitation light incident on the incident surface is reflected, an emission surface from which the excitation light reflected by the reflective surface is emitted; and an opposite surface which opposes the reflective surface. The opposite surface is a recessed sink-mark surface.

Abstract: An optical measuring apparatus and method for analysis of samples contained in liquid drops provided by a liquid handling system has a liquid handling tip. A light source irradiates the liquid drop; a detector measures sample light; and an optics system with first optical elements transmits irradiation light, and a processor processes the measurement signals. The liquid drop is suspended at the liquid handling orifice of the liquid handling tip in a position where the liquid drop is penetrated by a first optical axis defined by the light source and the first optical elements. The liquid drop is physically touched only by the liquid handling tip and the liquid sample inside the liquid handling tip. A mutual adaption of the size and position of the liquid drop with respect to the first optical elements is achieved.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and systems for detecting the presence of explosive elements. A sample element may be used to swipe an object for a test sample. The sample element may be positioned in a sample holder of a testing device having a heater. The heater may be programmed to heat the sample element and sample in a controlled manner through two or three temperature increases from approximately 35 degrees to 165 degrees centigrade in approximately 40 seconds. Prior to each temperature increase a first, second and third reagent fluid is applied to the sample holder, and during the temperature rise the sample holder is observed for the presence of various explosive elements by detecting colors as compared to a color chart. The color observations may be based on time and temperature variations using a testing device.

Abstract: An electrothermal vaporization atomic fluorescence spectrometer for determination of Cadmium comprising a sampling system, a light source, an atomizer, a light path system, a detection system, and a display device. The sampling system includes an electrothermal vaporization device and a capture trap; the capture trap comprises a Tungsten or Molybdenum coil (6), a holder (15), a cover (7) and a power supply (17); the cover (7) and the holder (15) form a sealed space; the Tungsten or Molybdenum coil (6) is arranged on the holder (15); the Tungsten or Molybdenum coil (6) is located inside the sealed space formed by the cover (7) and the holder (15); and the cover (7) is provided with an inlet (12) and an outlet (13) thereon. An electrothermal vaporization atomic fluorescence spectroscopy for determination of Cadmium is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for stimulating emission from at least one an emitter, such as a quantum dot or organic molecule, on the surface of a photonic crystal comprising a patterned dielectric substrate. Embodiments of this system include a laser or other source that illuminates the emitter and the photonic crystal, which is characterized by an energy band structure exhibiting a Fano resonance, from a first angle so as to stimulate the emission from the emitter at a second angle. The coupling between the photonic crystal and the emitter may result in spectral and angular enhancement of the emission through excitation and extraction enhancement. These enhancement mechanisms also reduce the emitter's lasing threshold. For instance, these enhancement mechanisms enable lasing of a 100 nm thick layer of diluted organic molecules solution with reduced threshold intensity. This reduction in lasing threshold enables more efficient organic light emitting devices and more sensitive molecular sensing.

Abstract: The current invention concerns a flow cytometric system and method for observing, analyzing and/or separating objects in a liquid sample, comprising a digital holographic microscope (DHM) and at least one fluidic system, whereby the DHM comprises illumination means, an interferometric system and digital recording means, whereby the fluidic system is capable of guiding said objects through an illumination beam of the illumination means of said DHM, whereby the fluidic system comprises a mechanism for inducing a liquid sample stream through the fluidic system, whereby preferably the fluidic system comprises a stream size controlling device for controlling the transverse dimensions of a liquid sample stream inside said fluidic system, preferably said stream size controlling device is capable of lining up the objects one-by-one or multiple objects at a time in said liquid sample stream.

Abstract: A time-resolved fluorescence imaging (TRFI) system that images a target medium without lifetime fitting. Instead of extracting the lifetime precisely, the system images the fluorophore distribution to allow for a simple and accurate method to obtain the fluorescence image without lifetime-extraction for time-resolved fluorescence imaging. An illumination source circuit for TRFI is also disclosed that shapes the excitation pulse. In one embodiment, the illumination source comprises an LED and stub line configured for generating a linear decay profile.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus is an apparatus for inspecting a solar cell panel. The inspection apparatus includes: an excitation light irradiation part for irradiating the solar cell panel with pulsed light for causing the solar cell panel to radiate an electromagnetic wave pulse; a detection part for detecting the electromagnetic wave pulse radiated from the solar cell panel in response to irradiation with the pulsed light; and a temperature changing part for changing a temperature of the solar cell panel at a part irradiated with the pulsed light.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the invention, an apparatus to detect fluorescence from a sample is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a sample plane onto which the sample is arranged, an excitation light unit including at least a light source to illuminate the sample, and a detection unit comprising at least a detector having at least 100,000 active detection elements to detect a fluorescence signal from the sample.

Abstract: A multi-foci laser scanning microscope generates a set of time-multiplexed beams that are simultaneously scanned over multiple scan areas of the sample to be observed. A photodetector array associated with the beams detect fluorescence signals from the sample. A processor processes output signals from the photodetector array based on the time-multiplexing of the beams to provide a much wider field of view and reduced crosstalk between neighboring scan areas for more accurate imaging.

Abstract: An image obtaining apparatus includes: a light source configured to irradiate a biological sample having a fluorescent label with an excitation light, the excitation light exciting the fluorescent label; an optical system including an objective lens, the objective lens being configured to magnify an imaging target of the biological sample; an image sensor configured to form an image of the imaging target magnified by the objective lens; a movement controller configured to move a focus position of the optical system in an extended range, the extended range being obtained by adding predetermined margins to both ends of the imaging target in a thickness range; and a light-exposure controller configured to expose the image sensor to light while moving the focus position of the optical system in the extended range.

Abstract: A screening module configured to screen at least a portion of a biological sample disposed on an analysis surface is provided. The screening module comprises a laser source a scanning unit comprising one or more scanning devices, wherein the scanning devices are configured to rotate in an oscillatory scanning motion about an axis of rotation to scan the analysis surface in at least one direction, wherein the scanning unit is physically coupled to the laser source, and a detection unit comprising one or more detection devices.

Abstract: Devices having an optical element with a luminescent compound dispersed in a matrix material can be used for improving color discernment. Compositions and methods related to preparing and using these devices are also detailed in this disclosure.

Abstract: System and method for fluorescent light excitation and detection from samples to enhance the numerical aperture and/or reduce the cross-talk of the fluorescent light.

Abstract: An atomic force microscope probe comprising a piezo-electric resonator provided with two electrodes and coated with an insulating layer and a tip attached on the coated resonator and functionalized with at least one group or molecule of interest is disclosed. The disclosed technology also relates to preparation method and to different uses thereof.

Abstract: An inspection system includes a TDI sensor that integrates amounts of secondary charged particles or electromagnetic waves along a predetermined direction at every timing at which a transfer clock is inputted and sequentially transfers the amounts of secondary charged particles or electromagnetic waves so integrated, and a deflector which deflects, based on a difference between an actual position and a target position of the inspection target, the secondary charged particles or electromagnetic waves directed towards the TDI sensor in a direction in which the difference is offset. The target position is set into something like a step-and-riser shape in which the target position is kept staying in the same position by a predetermined period of time that is equal to or shorter than a period of time from an input of the transfer clock to an input of the following transfer clock and thereafter rises by a predetermined distance.

Abstract: There is provided a particle detector that can increase a detection sensitivity to fluorescence emitted from biogenic particles. A particle detector for detecting biogenic particles includes a substrate having a principal surface and configured to collect the biogenic particles on the principal surface, a light emitting element configured to irradiate particles collected on the principal surface with excitation light, and a light receiving element configured to receive fluorescence emitted from the particles when the particles are irradiated with the excitation light from the light emitting element. An optical axis of the Fresnel lens and a ray direction of the excitation light intersect with each other. The principal surface is a mirror surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical imaging system having improved resolution. The disclosed optical imaging system may include a substrate on which a specimen dyed with a fluorescent material is placed; a multiple number of dimer nanopillars formed on the substrate; and a light source unit configured to provide a light source to the substrate, where the light source unit provides an incident ray to the substrate from a first light source to excite the fluorescent material, and afterwards turns off the first light source and activates a second light source and a third light source simultaneously to provide incident rays to the substrate. The disclosed optical imaging system can provide a resolution that is higher than the diffraction limit.

Abstract: The present application is directed to systems methods and methods for monitoring phenanthrene equivalent concentrations in an aqueous stream. One or more sources of electromagnetic radiation at different wavelengths may be directed into a sample of the aqueous stream and the resulting fluorescence at various wavelengths is detected. The detected fluorescence is then used to determine the phenanthrene equivalent concentration.

Abstract: A system for a laser-scanning microscope includes an optical element configured to transmit light in a first direction onto a first beam path and to reflect light in a second direction to a second beam path that is different from the first beam path; a reflector on the first beam path; and a lens including a variable focal length, the lens positioned on the first beam path. The lens and reflector are positioned relative to each other to cause light transmitted by the optical element to pass through the lens a plurality of times and in a different direction each time. In some implementations, the system also can include a feedback system that receives a signal that represents an amount of focusing of the lens, and changes the focal length of the lens based on the received signal.

Abstract: A low rare earth mineral photoluminescent structure for generating long-persistent luminescence that utilizes at least a phosphorescent layer comprising one or more phosphorescent materials having substantially low rare earth mineral content of less than about 2.0 weight percent, and one or more fluorescent layers is disclosed. Further disclosed are methods for fabricating and using the inventive low rare earth mineral photoluminescent structure. A low rare earth mineral photoluminescent composition for generating long-persistent luminescence that utilizes at least one or more phosphorescent materials having substantially low rare earth mineral content of less than about 2.0 weight percent and one or more fluorescent materials is also disclosed, as well as, the methods for fabricating and using the inventive low rare earth mineral photoluminescent composition.

Abstract: A fluorescence light detection device includes an excitation light fiber having an excitation light emitting end configured to emit excitation light; a fluorescence light fiber having a fluorescence light incident end on which fluorescence light is incident; an objective lens arranged between where the excitation light emitting end and the fluorescence light incident end are located, and a sample; and a reflective member arranged between where the excitation light emitting end and the fluorescence light incident end are located, and the objective lens, and having two reflective surfaces facing in opposite directions. The two reflective surfaces of the reflective member are positioned between an optical axis of the excitation light fiber and an optical axis of the fluorescence light fiber.

Abstract: An arrangement for optical measurement of at least one process variable in a medium, comprising: at least one light source; at least one light receiver; an optical sensor element at least one data processing unit; and a light conductor. The light conductor connects the light source with the optical sensor element and the optical sensor element with the light receiver. The light conductor is embodied with at least three arms, wherein the first arm is arranged at the light source, the second arm is arranged at the light receiver and the third arm is arranged at the optical sensor element first arm and the second arm combine to form the third arm. The invention relates further to a measuring device comprising an above described arrangement.

Abstract: A method of imaging microscopic objects includes determining the relative depths of two or more semiconductor nanocrystals by analyzing images of the semiconductor nanocrystals at varying z-displacements.

Abstract: Even when the distance from an objective lens to a sample differs, the distribution of light from the sample can be detected accurately. A first lens 23 for converting light from the objective lens into parallel light is composed of a concave lens part 32 having a concave curved face 32c in a center portion of a flat face 32a, and a convex lens part 33 having a convex curved face 33c around a flat face 33b. Further, the first lens 23 includes first and second regions for diverging light through the flat face 33b and the concave curved face 32c and a third region for collecting light through the convex curved face 33c and the concave curved face 32c. When the sample is placed on a sample table while being sealed in a two-dimensional electrophoresis substrate, light totally reflected by a side surface of the objective lens is caused to enter the second region. In contrast, when the sample is directly placed on the sample table, the light is caused to enter the third region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light irradiation apparatus and the like which can reduce background light noise from a plurality of wells provided on a microplate. The light irradiation apparatus comprises a microplate, a light guiding member, and a light source apparatus. The light guiding member includes a plurality of light emitting units provided on a main surface in correspondence with the plurality of wells. Each light emitting unit includes depressions each having an opening on the main surface. Measurement light from the light source apparatus is inputted from a side surface, refracted and reflected at the side surface of each depression, and then outputted from the opening of each depression.

Abstract: There is provided a microparticle measurement apparatus including a first light source configured to irradiate excitation light on a droplet containing a microparticle, the droplet being discharged from an orifice, a second light source configured to irradiate illumination light on the droplet for acquiring an image of the droplet, a light receiving element configured to detect fluorescence generated from the microparticle due to the irradiation of the excitation light, and to acquire an image of the droplet, and a filter member configured to be arranged between the droplet and the light receiving element. The filter member includes a first area through which the fluorescence and the illumination light pass, and a second area that is provided around the first area and that has a wavelength selectivity which lets the fluorescence pass through but blocks the illumination light.

Abstract: To provide a fluorescence detection device that can effectively remove autofluorescence using a simple configuration. A fluorescence detection device comprises: semiconductor laser for emitting excitation light; an objective lens for converging excitation light onto a sample on a biosensor substrate; an anamorphic lens which introduces astigmatism to fluorescence that is from the biosensor substrate and incident on the objective lens and that passed through the objective lens; a spectral element for separating the fluorescence into a plurality of light rays; and a fluorescence detector for receiving the light rays separated by the spectral element. On the light receiving surface of the fluorescence detector, the spectral element splits the fluorescence so that the fluorescence generated at the sample is separated from the fluorescence generated at a specific depth position other than the sample position.

Abstract: A film with codes, a reader configured to read the film, and an electronic device having a display including the film are provided. The reader may include a first light irradiating section, a second light irradiating section, a control section, and a light capturing section.

Abstract: A scanning photometer and attendant methods are provided. The scanning photometer is generally characterized by first and second fluorophore excitation sources, an objective lens, and a common emission detector for the detection of first and second fluorophore emission originating from the excitation of the fluorophores via passage of excitation energy, via an optical path of the objective lens, from the excitation sources. Excitation energy and emission energy conditioning elements are likewise provided, operatively interposed before or after the objective lens as the case may be.

Abstract: A sample observation apparatus includes excitation light irradiation unit to irradiate sample with excitation light; excitation light modulator to modulate spatial intensity distribution of the excitation light on the sample; excitation light modulation control unit to control the excitation light modulator according to modulation control signal; photo detection unit to detect light emission from the sample and to generate a detection signal; image generation unit to generate image data of the sample according to the modulation control signal and the detection signal; modulation control signal generation unit to generate the modulation control signal such that Nyquist frequency of the image data will be larger than cut-off frequency in the spatial intensity distribution of the excitation light on the sample; and image processing unit to emphasize high-frequency component that exceeds the cut-off frequency included in the image data.

Abstract: An optical fiber phosphor screen including a thin film phosphor layer and an optical fiber faceplate, allowing interfering light in a cladding of the optical fibers to be reduced. The phosphor screen includes an angular filter including at least one layer arranged between the thin film phosphor layer and the optical fiber faceplate.

Abstract: A lens and reflector unit for optical measurements includes first and second convex surface sections of the lens and reflector unit. Both have their respective central normal lines. A first flat surface section has a normal direction that divides the angle between the central normal lines into equal halves. A third convex surface section has a third central normal line, and the fourth convex surface section has a fourth central normal line. A second flat surface section has a normal direction that divides the angle between the third and fourth central normal lines into to equal halves.

Abstract: A fluorescence observation method of the present invention for detecting plural types of fluorescence emitted from two or more kinds of fluorescent molecules includes: subjecting each of the two or more kinds of fluorescent molecules to multi-photon excitation by exciting light having an exciting wavelength equal to or shorter than 700 nm in a visible region, to generate fluorescence upon making use of an absorption wavelength band in a deep ultraviolet region of each of the two or more kinds of fluorescent molecules; and simultaneously detecting plural types of fluorescence generated on a shorter-wavelength side or on both of the shorter-wavelength side and a longer-wavelength side of the exciting wavelength of the exciting light.

Abstract: Sensitivity is increased by enhancing the fluorescence collection efficiency while suppressing the increase in size of an objective lens. An objective lens 17 is structured to have a convex lens part 26 in a center portion and to have a truncated conical cylindrical body 27 around the convex lens part 26. Therefore, a fluorescence component b having too wide an emission angle to fit in the convex lens part 26, of fluorescence emitted from a sample 16, can be collected by total reflection on an outer peripheral surface 27b of the cylindrical body 27. Thus, even light having too wide an emission angle to be collected by a normal convex lens can be collected. As a result, it is possible to suppress the increase in size of the objective lens, to enhance the fluorescence collection efficiency, and to prevent the S/N ratio from being decreased by the existence of undetected fluorescence that is blocked by a prism 20. This can realize a fluorescence information reading device having high sensitivity.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorescence detection device that is capable of accurately detecting the intensity of fluorescence from a sample, even when using a microarray in which a sample having a certain degree of thickness in a direction of irradiating the sample with excitation light is disposed. The fluorescence detection device (6) according to the invention detects fluorescence from a translucent sample (4) containing a fluorescent substance. The fluorescence detection device includes an excitation light irradiation unit (12) that irradiates the sample with excitation light, a detection unit (18) that detects fluorescence from the sample, and an irradiation angle adjustment unit (14) that adjusts an irradiation angle of the excitation light with respect to the sample in accordance with dimensions of the sample.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method and system for enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio in emission detection comprising: selecting a probe capable of at least one of fluorescence, phosphorescence, or delayed fluorescence in or about a sample that comprises interfering background signal; and exposing the probe to one or more controllable bursts, each burst comprising two or more pulses, wherein the one or more controllable bursts of high repetition energy pulses enhance the signal from the probe above that of the background signal.

Abstract: An optical projection tomography system comprises a support arranged to support an object (63) and to rotate the object between a plurality of orientations, a first imaging system (64) arranged to image the object from a first direction to form a first image, and a second imaging system arranged to image the object from a second direction to form a second image, data acquisition means (66, 67) arranged to acquire image data from the first and second images for each of the orientations and processing means arranged to process the image data to generate an image data set.

Abstract: A method of determining a normalized quantity of an analyte adhering to beads in a detection area of a bead-based assaying system, the method comprising: a) causing a complex of the analyte to fluorescently or chemically emit a first light, or to release a dye; b) measuring an integrated intensity of the first light emitted from the beads in the detection area, or a concentration of the dye released from the beads in the detection area, or both; c) causing light to interact with the beads in the detection area, the interaction not depending on whether or how much analyte is adhering to the beads; d) measuring a second light resulting from the interaction with the beads which does not depend on the analyte; and e) determining the normalized quantity of analyte from the integrated intensity of the first light or concentration of the dye or both, and from the measured second light.

Abstract: A method for classifying a tissue sample of a biopsy specimen into one of a plurality of classes is presented. The method includes receiving a light from at least one location of the tissue sample including a plurality of chromophores, wherein the received light comprises at least one of an attenuated illumination light and a re-emitted light. The method further includes processing a spectrum of the received light to determine a feature for each of the chromophores in the at least one location of the tissue sample. In addition, the method includes estimating a Z-score for each of the chromophores based on the determined feature. Also, the method includes classifying the tissue sample into one of the plurality of classes based on the estimated Z-score for each of the chromophores.

Abstract: Defect detection and photoluminescence measurement of a sample directing a beam of oblique-illumination wavelength light onto a portion of the sample, directing a beam of normal-illumination wavelength light for causing one or more photoluminescing defects of the sample to emit photoluminescent light onto a portion of the sample, collecting defect scattered radiation or photoluminescence radiation from the sample, separating the radiation from the sample into a first portion of radiation in the visible spectrum, a second portion of radiation including the normal-illumination wavelength light, and at least a third portion of radiation including the oblique-illumination wavelength light, measuring one or more characteristics of the first portion, the second portion or the third portion of radiation; detecting one or more photoluminescence defects or one or more scattering defects based on the measured one or more characteristics of the first portion, the second portion or the third portion of radiation.

Abstract: Nitrogen vacancies in bulk diamonds and nanodiamonds can be used to sense temperature, pressure, electromagnetic fields, and pH. Unfortunately, conventional sensing techniques use gated detection and confocal imaging, limiting the measurement sensitivity and precluding wide-field imaging. Conversely, the present sensing techniques do not require gated detection or confocal imaging and can therefore be used to image temperature, pressure, electromagnetic fields, and pH over wide fields of view. In some cases, wide-field imaging supports spatial localization of the NVs to precisions at or below the diffraction limit. Moreover, the measurement range can extend over extremely wide dynamic range at very high sensitivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system 100 for independently holding and manipulating one or more microscopic objects 158 and for targeting at least a part of the one or more microscopic objects within a trapping volume 102 with electromagnetic radiation 138. The system comprises trapping means for holding and manipulating the one or more microscopic objects and electromagnetic radiation targeting means (116). The light means comprising a light source and a spatial light modulator which serve to modify the light from the light source so as to enable specific illumination of at least a part of the one or more microscopic objects. The trapping means and the electromagnetic radiation targeting means (116) are enabled to function independently of each other, so that the trapped objects may be moved around without taking being dependent on which parts are being targeted and vice versa.

Abstract: The invention provides a high resolution, wide dynamic range, multi-colour detection platform for microfluidic analysers/instruments and methods. The detection platform uses multiple high gain semiconductor optical sensors for the detection of luminescence from cellular or biological samples. The digitized outputs from these sensors are combined and weighted in a signal processing unit, using pre-determined algorithms for each colour, which optimise the resolution in each of these high gain semiconductor optical sensors while extending the dynamic range of the detection platform.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring deposition rate, an apparatus including the same, for depositing an organic layer, a method of monitoring deposition rate, and a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting display apparatus using the same, are provided. The deposition rate monitoring apparatus for measuring deposition rate of a deposition material discharged from a deposition source, includes: a light source for irradiating light having a wavelength within a photoexcitation bandwidth of the deposition material; a first optical system for irradiating the light emitted from the light source toward the discharged deposition material; a second optical system for collecting the light emitted from the deposition material; and a first light sensor for detecting the amount of the light which is emitted from the deposition material and collected in the second optical system.