Abstract: A process for the preparation of a granulated or pelletized weak anion exchange medium from a phenol-containing organic material like peat, followed by low-temperature torrefaction of the granules to produce a high degree of physical stability of the granules at high-pH conditions, followed by chemical pretreatment of the stable granule via a hydrolysis reaction, and optionally surface treatment with acids, followed by the main chemical treatment of the hydrolyzed granule via separate aldehyde and amine reagents, or alternatively via an adduct reagent like hexamethylenetetramine is provided by this invention. The weak anion exchange medium of this invention can be used in a variety of aqueous solution treatment processes, such as wastewater treatment for removing mineral acids like H2SO4, HNO3, HCl, HBr, HF, H3PO4, HI, or formic acid from the wastewater. The resulting anion exchanger medium is particularly useful for treating wastewaters in a low-pH environment.

Abstract: A method of water treatment includes providing water that includes at least one contaminant. An effective amount of at least one filter media is added to the to the water that includes at least one contaminant. The water and the at least one filter media are agitated to form a homogeneous mixture. A cationic biopolymer is added to the homogeneous mixture of water and the at least one filter media. The water is separated from the at least one contaminant and the at least one filter media.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a molecular crowding type electrolyte that comprises at least one type of water-miscible/soluble polymer which acts as molecular crowding agent, a salt and a water. The disclosure also relates to a battery comprising the molecular crowding type electrolyte, and a method of using the molecular crowding electrolyte in electrochemical system such as battery that comprises an anode, a cathode and the molecular crowding type electrolyte.

Abstract: In an apparatus and process described, an organic fraction of solid waste is separated from light contaminants such as plastics and heavy contaminants such as grit. The organic fraction is subsequently processed by anaerobic digestion, which converts volatile solids to gas. In a first stage of the process, the waste is processed through a separator such as a vertical mill, which removes light fraction contamination, reduces organics particle size and dilutes the waste to thereby produce a slurry. In a second stage of the process, the slurry passes through a grit removal system, which removes heavy and settleable material, for example by way of a hydrocyclone. The light and heavy fraction contaminants are not carried through to the digestion process. The particle size of the organics is also reduced to facilitate digestion and the slurry has a dry solids concentration suitable for anaerobic digestion.

Abstract: The KSV 4in1 Fire Pit can be used in four different ways. It comes standard as a portable fire pit. However, you can also add to the KSV Fire Pit a powder coated steel pan accessory which during the day turns makes it an ice chest and cooler. It's perfect for keeping your wine, beer, soda, water, hors d'oeuvres, etc. . . . cold throughout the day. When it's time to start a fire, the user removes the cooler safety sleeve and slides out the cooler pan, and then slides in the heavier gauge stainless steel fire pan followed by the stainless steel safety sleeve. When you've created enough hot coals in the pan, the user can add the KSV soap stone accessory for sauteing their favorite meat, fish or vegetables or insert the stainless steel grill that fits directly inside and on top of the stainless safety sleeve. Once the coals cool, the user can cover the fire pan with the coffee table top that turns the KSV Pit into a handsome coffee table for breakfast and morning coffee.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a scale inhibitor concentration in a sample comprising at least a first scale inhibitor, which is a synthetic organic compound comprising at least one ionised group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample to interact with a reagent comprising a lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement, and the concentration of the at least first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined by using the detected sample signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of dewatering an aqueous mineral suspension comprising introducing into the suspension a flocculating system comprising a poly(ethylene oxide) copolymer, in particular a copolymer of ethylene oxide and one or more silane- or siloxane-functionalized glycidyl ether monomer. Said poly(ethylene oxide) copolymers are useful for the treatment of suspensions of particulate material, especially waste mineral slurries. The invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of tailings and other waste material resulting from mineral processing, in particular, the processing of oil sands tailings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for analysing a sample comprising at least a first and a second scale inhibitor, which scale inhibitors are synthetic organic compounds comprising at least one ionised group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample interact with a reagent comprising lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement. The total concentration of the first and the second scale inhibitor is determined by using the detected sample signal, and the concentration of the first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined. The concentration of the second scale inhibitor is determined mathematically by using the obtained results for the total concentration and for the first scale inhibitor concentration.

Abstract: There are provided methods and methods and compositions for suppressing corrosion of a corrodible metal surface that contacts a water stream in a water system. The method comprises introducing into the water stream a treatment composition, the treatment composition including a Tin(II) corrosion inhibitor and a hydroxycarboxylic acid promoter.

Abstract: Alkaline ware wash detergents containing an alkali metal alkalinity source and alkanol amine phosphonate scale inhibitors and methods of employing the same for superior cleaning efficacy and hard water scale control are disclosed. Alkanol amine phosphonates beneficially reduce scale build-up, including calcium carbonate scale build-up from alkaline detergents used with hard water sources. Methods of employing the detergent compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reduce treating ballast water which has been subjected to a biocidal treatment with a chlorine-based oxidizing agent or an oxygen-based oxidizing agent, by using a tablet or pellet of sodium sulfite.

Abstract: One or more techniques and/or systems are disclosed for a process of reducing the usage of lime in a lime slurry, comprising the steps of: 1) forming a mixture comprising at least one polymeric dispersant comprising a straight chain polyacrylate homopolymer and a quantity of water; 2) introducing the mixture to a vessel prior to slaking for preparation of the lime slurry; and 3) slaking a quantity of lime and the mixture in the vessel to form the lime slurry, wherein the usage of lime in the lime slurry is reduced by about 25% to about 37%.

Abstract: Cellulose acetate or polyvinylpyrrolidone is electrospun into fibers having diameters of nanometer scale to form a first mat that is capable of absorbing hydrocarbons. A second mat may be formed from a solution of cellulose acetate or polyvinylpyrrolidone further containing tungsten trioxide. The solution is electrospun onto a copper mesh and then thermally oxidized to create a nanostructure comprising a grid or network of tungsten trioxide crystals and copper oxide crystals. The nanogrid is capable of photocatalyzing the degradation of hydrocarbons to carbon dioxide and water. The grid may be combined with the first mat to degrade hydrocarbons that the first mat absorbs.

Abstract: Storage stable polyhydroxylated aromatic ether adducts of polyalkylene oxide are described. Reactive compositions are formed by combining an ether adduct with an aldehyde, optionally further adding a phenolic-aldehyde prepolymer. The reactive compositions are cured by removing water, by acidification, or both. The cured compositions sorb solvated compounds from environments containing water. The cured compositions are also useful for pre-loading with compounds that are subsequently released at a controlled rate into environments containing water.

Abstract: Methods for clarifying water, reducing turbidity of water, and removing phosphate from water include adding a water treatment composition having an aluminum-containing coagulant, and a natural non-charged polysaccharide, such as guar. The aluminum-containing compound can include polyaluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, polyaluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminate, polyaluminum sulfate, polyaluminum silicate chloride, polyaluminum silicate sulfate, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Methods, kits, cartridges and compounds related to generating chlorine dioxide by exposing ClO2? to at least one of a manganese porphyrin catalyst or a manganese porphyrazine catalyst are described. Methods, kits, cartridges and compounds related to decomposed cyanide ions and hydrogen cyanide for water decontamination.

Abstract: The invention includes a tablet made from a coagulant that will improve the settling of suspended solids in an aqueous media such as wastewater, recycled water, potable water, storm water, swimming pool water, spa water, boiler water, cooling tower water and industrial process water. The agent is a tablet containing at least one salt from the aluminum sulfate family in a mixture of organic and inorganic binders. The mixed material is especially adapted to lend itself to high speed molding operations. Such agent, when in molded form, provides controlled dissolution in an aqueous media, exhibits strength and non-chipping characteristics which is a benefit in shipping and handling and is free from dusting, flaking or other deteriorative factors. In its tablet form, this agent can be used in combination with a holding apparatus having slotted opening zones.

Abstract: A remedial composition comprising a soluble silicate, a surfactant, a polyol and water is disclosed. The remedial composition of the present invention is generally intended for use in the treatment of soil, sand, water, fly ash and other mediums that may contain hazardous materials. In one embodiment of the present invention the soluble silicate of the remedial composition has a mole ratio of about 2.6 to about 3.9 moles silicate per mole of alkali metal oxide. In another embodiment of the present invention the remedial composition will have a pH level ranging from about 10.5 to about 11.9. In another embodiment the water component further comprises from about 0.5% to about 15% dissolved oxygen (O2). In another embodiment of the present invention the remedial composition may be further diluted by adding water to create various solutions comprising about 1 to 300 parts water to 1 part remedial composition.

Abstract: Method and systems are provided for the removal of metal contaminants from aqueous mediums using a chamber containing activated sorptive media and a primary ligand and optionally, a secondary ligand that has been loaded onto the activated sorptive media using hydraulic loading. In at least one embodiment, the methods and systems include a pre-treatment of the sorptive media, a specific volume of the activated sorptive media within the chamber, specific pH ranges of aqueous mediums, and hydraulic loading of the primary ligand and optionally, a secondary ligand, known as dynamic fluidized loading. In at least one embodiment, pore pressures of the seeding solution within the media are at least sufficient to overcome the gravitational forces acting on the media within the column. The methods and systems provide for a highly uniform and predictable loading of the primary ligand and optionally, the secondary ligand, onto the activated sorptive media throughout the sorptive media within the chamber.

Abstract: A product-by-process produces a product having a vibrational frequency to balance the chemistry of water when untreated water is exposed to the product to thereby enhance the biophysical properties of water, without adding any compound to the water. The result of the exposure is that the physical properties of specific gravity, conductivity, and resistivity of water are modified, and the biophysical properties of the treated water in organisms such as humans, including but not limited to hydration, oxygenation, and detoxification, are enhanced as verified by human clinical tests.

Abstract: A carbon block filter for removal of heavy metals and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The carbon block filter includes 50 wt % to 60 wt % of activated carbon and 30 wt % to 40 wt % of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene binder. The filter further includes a heavy metal-removing agent to mold the carbon block filter. The heavy metal-removing agent is a sorted heavy metal-removing agent obtained by pulverizing Bayoxide E33G having a particle diameter of 0.5 mm to 2 mm or 1.0 ?m to 1.4 ?m and made in Germany and sorting only Bayoxide E33G having a particle size of 10 ?m to 50 ?m.

Abstract: A method and adsorbent composition for removing heavy metals from contaminated water, comprising passing a stream of water having a concentration of one or more heavy metals through an adsorbent comprising granules of a mixture of from about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % clay and a thermoplastic polymer matrix; and collecting water having a reduced concentration of said heavy metal(s) downstream of said adsorbent.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a composite membranes containing a metal ion adsorbent, the method comprising the following steps: mixing a metal ion adsorbent powder and a solvent to form a mixture, wherein the solvent is capable of dissolving cellulose; mixing the mixture and cellulose to form a gel blend; removing the solvent from the gel blend, and drying the gel blend to obtain a composite membrane containing a metal ion adsorbent. By means of mixing metal ion adsorbent and cellulose by phase inversion to obtain the composite membrane containing a metal ion adsorbent, the composite membrane containing a metal ion adsorbent can remove heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating contaminated soil and/or ground water in situ. The compositions and methods comprise stabilized forms of colloidal activated carbon that are used to quickly sorb contaminants. Unlike traditional activated carbon in granular or powder form, the compounds and methods of the present invention are operative to transport particulate activated carbon through a matrix of soil and groundwater upon application by injection, gravity feed, or percolation into soil and groundwater, which in turn decontaminate groundwater in place without the cost or disruption associated with digging the contaminated soil and groundwater out of the ground for on-site purification or disposal at a hazardous waste landfill.

Abstract: A self-regenerating chitosan based filter medium for disinfecting and purifying organic pollutants and other pollutants in a gas or liquid is disclosed herein. Porosity and surface charge of said filter medium is manipulative/tunable by varying one or more of the following parameter(s): concentration of chitosan, crosslinking density, amount of copolymers and additives, freezing temperature, freezing profile, and/or types of crosslinker used. The present filter medium is capable of self-regenerating under exposure to ultra-violet light for sufficient time and removing over 90% of the pollutants from each influent flowing through the filter medium.

Abstract: A method for solidifying cementitious wastewater by combining the wastewater with a super absorbent polymer composition that includes a UV-stabilizer to form a mixture and disposing of the mixture as solid construction waste. The UV-stabilizer may be a stabilizing additive in the super absorbent polymer composition that inhibits the reversion from a solid or semi-solid mixture back to a liquid. In some embodiments, the method includes placing the mixture in UV-light non-transmissive packaging. After placing the mixture in the UV-light non-transmissive packaging, the package is closed and can be permanently sealed. The sealed package with solidified material therein can then be disposed as solid construction waste. The super absorbent polymer composition can include zeolite or other molecular sieves.

Abstract: A water treatment agent for removing pollutant by reinforcing potassium permanganate with intermediate manganese consists of a potassium permanganate and a chelating agent, or, alternatively, consists of a potassium permanganate, a chelating agent and an inducer. The chelating agent is capable of forming a coordination complex with the intermediate manganese which is produced during the reaction of potassium permanganate and organic substance. Thus self decomposition of intermediate manganese is reduced so that the effective utilization rate is increased and the capability for potassium permanganate to degrade organic pollutants is enhanced. The inducer accelerates the production of the intermediate manganese and increases the utilization rate so that the capability of potassium permanganate for degrading the organic pollutants is further enhanced.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for pre-treating a metal surface with a corrosion inhibitor prior to painting, a method for inhibiting corrosion in a cooling system, wherein the cooling system includes a metal surface and a coolant; and a method for inhibiting corrosion of a reinforcement steel in concrete wherein the method comprising the step of adding to a concrete mixture an anti-corrosive mixture.

Abstract: An adsorbent composition for removing heavy metals from contaminated water is described. The composition comprises of a mixture of kaolin clay, cellulose powder, silica powder, magnesite powder, bentonite powder and water. The adsorbent is mixed with contaminated water and allowed to react. Once the reaction is finished a reduced contaminant containing water is gathered and reused.

Abstract: A process for the preparation from a partially decomposed organic material like peat a granulated or pelletized sorption medium using low-temperature, thermal activation of the sorption medium to produce a high degree of granule or pellet hardness balanced against an efficacious level of ion-exchange and adsorption capacity, followed by chemical treatment of the thermally-activated sorption material via an acid solution and a salt solution to increase its ion-exchange and adsorption performance while minimizing the transfer of natural impurities found in the sorption medium to an aqueous solution is provided by this invention. The sorption medium of this invention can be used in a variety of aqueous solution treatment processes, such as wastewater treatment.

Abstract: Getter alloys particularly suitable for hydrogen sorption are described. The getter alloys include a first element consisting of yttrium or a yttrium equivalent mixture, the first element forming at least 30% by atoms of the alloy. A method for removing hydrogen from devices which are sensitive to the presence thereof and hydrogen-sensitive devices which contain the described getter alloys are also described.

Abstract: The combination of colloidal silica in conjunction with a chemical, such as a cationically-modified water soluble polymer, e.g. aluminum brine dispersion polymer, clarifies combinations of oil and water, for instance wastewater comprising an oil-in-water emulsion. The colloidal silica may have an average silica particle size of about 0.5 to about 10 nanometers.

Abstract: Composition for conditioning sludge, comprising a mineral compound that is lime and an organic compound that is a cationic organic coagulant having an average molecular weight less than or equal to 5 million g/mol and greater than or equal to 20,000 g/mol, the said cationic organic coagulant being chosen from the group of linear or branched polymers based on diallyldialkyl ammonium salts.

Abstract: A potabilisation method of a water to be treated, containing a coagulation-flocculation step wherein the step includes: a) a step of adding a liquid composition including a solubilized cationic starch to the aqueous solution to be treated; b) a step of adding one or several metal salts selected from ferric salts and aluminum salts to the aqueous solution to be treated; steps a) and b) being carried out in any order and being carried out either separately, simultaneously or using a liquid composition including both the solubilized cationic starch and the metal salt, the steps a) and b) being followed: c) by a step of stirring the supplemented aqueous solution; d) by a step of separating the coagulated solids by sedimentation or floatation; e) by a step of recovering a purified water; the liquid composition including cationic starch having a viscosity, measured according to test A, higher than 1000 mPa·s.

Abstract: A product-by-process produces a product having a vibrational frequency to balance the chemistry of water when untreated water is exposed to the product to thereby enhance the biophysical properties of water, without adding any compound to the water. The result of the exposure is that the physical properties of specific gravity, conductivity, and resistivity of water are modified, and the biophysical properties of the treated water in organisms such as humans, including but not limited to hydration, oxygenation, and detoxification, are enhanced as verified by human clinical tests.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a water recovery method and an FO draw solution that reduce the energy consumption required for water recovery, increase the osmotic pressure of a draw solution, recover the water from a DS mixed solution relatively easily, and reduce a solute that remains in the water, and simultaneously reduce fouling of the FO membrane. The water recovery method may include inflowing water into a draw solution by partitioning a feed solution including water and a draw solution, including a basic temperature-sensitive polymer and an acidic gas dissolved therein and having higher osmotic pressure than the feed solution, with a forward osmosis membrane.

Abstract: A halogen adsorbent of an embodiment includes: a halogen adsorbent including a support, a chelate ligand bonded to the support, and a metal ion coordinated on the chelate ligand. The chelate ligand has a functional group represented by —NR1—(CH2CH2NR3)n—R2, all of the R1, R2, and R3 are hydrogen atoms and the n is 1 or 2, or at least any one of the R1, R2, and R3 is a functional group represented by —CH2CH2CONR4R5, the R4 and R5 are selected from hydrogen atom, an alkyl group and an alkyl ether group including a straight chain or a side chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the n is any of 0, 1, and 2.

Abstract: An iodine adsorbent of an embodiment includes: an iodine adsorbent including a carrier, an organic group binding to the carrier, and silver. The organic group has a functional group represented by S? or SR at the terminal, the silver binds to the sulfur in S? or SR, the R is a hydrogen atom or a substituent containing hydrocarbon, and the atomic ratio of the silver to the sulfur is 2.6 or more and 2.9 or less.

Abstract: Described are chemical formulations that remove heavy metals from waste solutions containing a chelating agent. Also disclosed are methods for removing heavy metals from waste solutions utilizing such chemical formulations.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for remediation of contaminated materials, such as contaminated water, are provided. The composition may include at least one fermentable compound and at least one metal or metal containing compound to promote conversion of the contaminants into non-toxic substances through abiotic and/or biotic processes. The composition may further include sulfur or a sulfur containing compound, and/or microorganisms or derivative thereof.

Abstract: Despite significant progress in the synthesis of nanocomposite materials, integration of several components with various functions remains a big challenge, which significantly limits control over nanocomposite properties. The disclosure provides a multifunctional micro particle based on incorporation of titania nanoparticles combined into a porous polylactic acid (PLA) matrix. PLA is used as a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer and titania nanoparticles represent photocatalytically active nanofillers capable of degradation of organic compounds under solar irradiation. Titania nanoparticles are integrated with PLA by using ‘mixed’ and ‘in situ grown’ approaches. The hybrid systems effectively absorbed and degraded organic impurities from water. The sorption capacity, dye degradability, and PLA disintegration were controlled by varying the concentration of incorporated titania.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of fatty acids, finely dispersed in water, as detackifying agents in the industrial elimination of dispersed solids, in particular of paint particles dispersed in recirculating water in the context of wet scrubbing of paint overspray in paint booths, from an aqueous carrier medium that represents, in particular, recirculating water of a paint booth with wet scrubbing. The fatty-acid-based detackifying agent can be used in a manner entirely free of corrosive anions, so that energy recovery from the paint coagulate that is removed from the recirculating water can be operated cost-effectively.

Abstract: Anticaking agents for inhibiting or preventing caking of inorganic salt granules are provided. The anticaking agents comprise a coordination complex of iron and a salt anion of an organic acid, wherein the salt anion is selected from the group consisting of malate, polyacrylate, diphosphonate, and mixtures thereof. Free-flowing, solid salt compositions resistant to caking are also described herein, along with methods of melting ice and/or snow on a surface or inhibiting the accumulation or formation of ice and/or snow on a surface, and methods of preventing or inhibiting caking of solid inorganic salt granules.

Abstract: This invention refers to a stabilized pipe scaling remover and inhibitor compound, where a useful formulation is presented for the dissolution of scaling such as barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate and ferric oxide. This formulation is made up by a stabilized group of organic and inorganic acids, in addition to amines or alcohols of a high molecular weight which make it a low-corrosion, highly-effective fluid. The possible fluids to be obtained from this document ensure the least amount of damage to the pipes used for its transportation and are friendly to different polymer materials. They progressively attack buildup scaling by solubilizing it in an aqueous medium and breaking down the carbonate ion. Its use in the oil industry is as scale inhibitor, inorganic scale inhibitor, or scale formation inhibitor (when applied in solution).

Abstract: The invention relates to a double-layered compacted solid water-purification product, comprising at least one first layer and at least one second layer, characterized in that the first layer comprises at least one flocculating system and at least one dispersion system, the second layer comprises at least one disinfectant which liberates free chlorine on contact with water and at least one excipient for the disinfectant, whereby said excipient releases the disinfectant into the water at a controlled rate such that the combination of excipient and disinfectant releases 0.1 to 100 mg/l of free chlorine per hour. The invention further relates to the method for production of such a product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing an oil absorbent composition. The method comprises heating and then de-mineralising a precursor plant material under conditions suitable to produce an oil absorbent composition comprising charcoal. The invention extends to oil absorbent compositions per se, such as charcoal-based compositions, and to various uses of the compositions for efficiently and rapidly absorbing spilled oil, for example from water surfaces, or from bituminous sands.

Abstract: A system for dispensing water treatment compositions into a pool, spa, or other body of water is disclosed, which system provides a visible cue that the water treatment is properly dispersing and also provides a visible cue when the desired amount of water treatment has been dispensed. The system comprises a dispenser and the water treatment composition contained within the body of the dispenser, which dispenser and which system provides a readily visual cue that when the water treatment dose has been fully, or in some cases mostly or partially dispersed. For example, the dispenser sinks when fully dosed and resurfaces when empty, and in particular embodiments the water treatment comprises a means for generating visible gas bubbles and/or producing a color stream as the treatment dissolves.

Abstract: A water treatment agent for removing contaminants through oxidation with high-activity intermediate-state pentavalent manganese consists of a manganese-containing compound, a complexing agent, and a persulfate, wherein the manganese-containing compound is bivalent manganese ions, permanganate or manganese dioxide. The molar ratio of the bivalent manganese ions, the ligand, and the persulfate is 1:1-50:1-1000. The agent removes contaminants through oxidation with high-activity intermediate-state pentavalent manganese, and has the advantages of high oxidizing ability, being capable of fast removing organic contaminants in water, and having no toxic and harmful substance produced.

Abstract: Amphiphilic copolymers formed from plant oil-derived vinyl ether monomers and polyethylene glycol alkyl vinyl ethers are provided. Nanoparticles coated with these amphiphilic polymers are well-suited for water remediation applications.

Abstract: The current invention relates to composition and method for treating impurities in a circulating water system. The circulating water system impurities may be oversprayed paint in paint spray booth applications. The composition includes an aqueous solution of a cationized starch, a polybasic aluminum salt such as aluminum chlorohydrate or polyaluminum chloride and a solution of a medium to high MW aqueous flocculent. The composition is particularly useful when added to recirculating scrubber water in paint spray booths for effectively treating both water based and solvent based paints.