Abstract: An arrangement is provided for extinguishing burning metal or metal-involved fires by combining an extinguishant with the burning metal to form a resultant material. The resultant material may include an alloy and oxides of the burning material and the extinguishant and in any event forms a coating which is an adherent oxygen barrier. In one form of the invention, the extinguishant comprises mainly elemental copper in commercially available powder form. The extinguishant mixture may also include other material added to improve the deliverability, material flow, electrical resistance, moisture resistance or other characteristics.

Abstract: An efficient fire extinguishing agent is proposed which is suitable for extinguishing fire of a burning metal such as a magnesium powder and used, for example, as a filling of fire extinguishers with stability over a long period of time for storage without decreasing the flowability and ejectability from the extinguisher. The fire extinguishing agent is a powdery blend of (a) 95 to 70% by weight of a high-purity boron oxide powder having a specified high B.sub.2 O.sub.3 purity and a low water content and (b) 5 to 30% by weight of an inorganic powder of spherical particle configuration. Glass beads of a specified particle diameter and silica-alumina-based hollow microspheres serve as the inorganic powder.

Abstract: A high polymer suspension including a polymer; a liquid carrier; a fibrous silicate material; and an organic derivative of clay. The polymer is preferably a polyacrylamide, the fibrous silicate material a chrysotile asbestos, and the organic derivative of clay, dimethylbenzloctadecyl ammonium hectorite.

Abstract: A composition for application to a soil or plant locus which contains a major amount of water and a minor amount of an alkaline earth metal alginate gel uniformly dispersed through the water. The composition may include an active ingredient such as a herbicide, pesticide, fungicide, fertilizer or the like. The composition may also contain a suitable wetting agent to assist in spreading it on a surface to which it is applied. The composition, when it contains a foaming agent, has particular application for the control and extinguishing of forest fires.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an aqueous concentrate adapted to be diluted with water and used in fire control. The concentrate exhibits a viscosity of less than about 2000 centipoise and containing between about 0.75% and about 6% by weight a thickening agent and at least about 24% by weight of certain fire retardants, particularly diammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate, a blend of diammonium phosphate and diammonium sulfate, a blend of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25, and a blend of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25. Processes for the preparation of such concentrates and for use thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl amine oxides of the following formula: ##STR1## where C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 is a straight or branched perfluorinated chain, n is a whole number from 1 to 20, a is a whole number from 2 to 10, p is a whole number from 0 to 10, R.sub.1 is either a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are alkyl radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the use of the amine oxides as surface active agents particularly in fire extinguishing compositions.

Abstract: In a particulate additive for water for fire fighting containing a strongly swelling water-insoluble high molecular weight polymer as gelatinizing agent, the improvement which comprises a water-soluble release agent which does not cause the particles of said gelatinizing agent to swell, the particles of the gelatinizing agent being encased or dispersed in the release agent. Suitable release agents include polyethylene glycol, diammonium biphosphate, sugars, mannitol, etc. The gelatinizing agent may be a moderately cross-linked water-insoluble acrylic or methacrylic acid copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an aqueous concentrate adapted to be diluted with water and used in fire control. The concentrate exhibits a viscosity of less than about 2000 centipoise and containing between about 0.75% and about 6% by weight a thickening agent and at least about 24% by weight of certain fire retardants, particularly diammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate, a blend of diammonium phosphate and diammonium sulfate, a blend of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25, and a blend of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25. Processes for the preparation of such concentrates and for use thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fire control composition in particulate form and containing no water, which is particularly effective for fighting metal fires, i.e., Class D fires, and which comprises particles of crushed glass bearing a hydrophobic coating thereon so that agglomeration of the fire control composition due to adsorption of moisture during storage and use is substantially prevented and so that when applied to fire, the fire control composition forms a blanket over the fire which deprives the fire of oxygen and thereby smothers it. The composition additionally contains one or more particulate adjuvants selected from salts and/or spherulized vitreous beads, which adjuvants also bear a hydrophobic coating. Useful adjuvants include graphite particles and salts. The median grain size of the crushed glass is below 200 micrometers, preferably below 120 micrometers, for example, in the range of from 25 to 35 micrometers.

Abstract: Methods of and compositions for inhibiting the combustion of wood and other cellulosic materials. The material to be protected is impregnated with the composition which contains sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium borate, and water. Optional constituents are calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium bromide, and potassium chloride.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a non-toxic fire extinguishant. More particularly, this invention relates to a fire extinguishant which extinguishes fires without generating toxic gases or compounds. A non-toxic fire extinguishant comprising in combination: (a) A fluorochlorocarbon selected from the group consisting of trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, 1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane, chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, 1,2-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethane, 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and (b) a substance selected from the group consisting of Terpenes: Citral, Citronellal, Citronellol, Limonene, Dipentene, Menthol, Terpinene, Terpinolene, Sylvestrene, Sabinene, Menthadiene, Zingiberene, Ocimene, Myrcene, .alpha.-Pinene, .beta.-Pinene, Turpentine, Camphor, Phytol, Vitamin A, Abietic Acid, Squalene, Lanosterol, Saponin, Oleanolic Acid, Lycopene, .beta.-Carotene, Lutein, .alpha.

Abstract: Fire extinguishing compositions which contain sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and water. Optional constituents are calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium bromide, and potassium chloride.

Abstract: A Class D (combustible metals) firefighting agent comprises a detergent mixture, vitamin B-6, sodium chloride, bicarbonate soda, and minimum amounts of water. The detergent mixture comprises an alkylbenzolyate sulfonate, non-ionic detergent and lauric superamide, preferably comprising, by volume: about 41-45% linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, about 8-12% isoctylphenyl polyethoxyethanol, about 0-4% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, about 8-12% lauric diethanolamide, about 0.5-1% monoethanolamide superamides, and about 26-30% water. The vitamin B-6 is provided in an amount of about 1-3% by weight of the detergent mixture, the sodium chloride 25-41%, and the bicarbonate 3-18%. Burning titanium, uranium, or any other type of combustible metal fire, can be extinguished by applying the liquid formulation directly to the fire.

Abstract: An efficient method for extinguishing fire of various hardly extinguishable materials is proposed. The method comprises sprinkling, over the burning site of the material, a boron oxide powder having a putity relative to the content of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 of at least 90% by weight and containing water in an amount not exceeding 2% by weight, the particles of the powder having a diameter in the range from 5 .mu.m to 1000 .mu.m. The efficiency of fire extinguishment with the boron oxide powder can be further enhanced by blending the boron oxide powder with a variety of inert inorganic powders.

Abstract: An anhydrous flame retardant composition comprising diammonium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen carbonate and a surfactant. The composition can be made up into an aqueous solution and used to impregnate textile materials to impart flame retardancy thereto.

Abstract: A Class D (combustible metals) firefighting agent comprises a detergent mixture, and sodium chloride (about 4.5-12%), although vitamin B-6 and bicarbonate soda may be present. The detergent mixture comprises an alkylbenzolyate sulfonate, non-ionic detergent and lauric superamide, preferably comprising, by volume: about 26-33% linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, about 4.5-6% isoctylphenyl polyethoxyethanol, about 0.25-3% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, about 4.5-6% lauric diethanolamide, about 0.25-2% monoethanolamide superamides, and water. Burning titanium, uranium, magnesium, zerconium, or any other type of combustible metal fire, can be extinguished by applying the liquid formulation directly to the fire using conventional firefighting equipment.

Abstract: A composition, suitable for use as an explosion suppression composition, and comprising a mixture of at least one particulate component selected from alkali metal bicarbonate, alkali metal sesquicarbonate, and alkali metal carbonate, and a free-flow additive in particulate form. Also, a discharge apparatus comprising a vessel containing the composition under pressure, and an explosion suppression system comprising a pressure change detector operatively connected to a discharge vessel.

Abstract: A process is provided for preventing grease fires, which is particularly useful in steel mills and process mills. In the process, when a flame is ignited and approaches a special grease, the special grease emits carbon dioxide to extinguish the flame and prevents combustion of the grease.

Abstract: A liquid composition includes as a major component thereof a detergent mixture of linear alkylate sulfonate, non-ionic detergent and lauric superamide. Depending upon the particular use of the composition, it also includes effective amounts of other components. In use for fighting Class D (burning metal) fires, the composition includes alfalfa, vitamin B-6, sodium chloride, and bicarbonate of soda and the amount of water is minimized so that it is only enough to properly mix the other components together before they are added to the detergent mixture. When used for fighting Class A and B fires, the composition includes alfalfa, vitamin B-6, bicarbonate of soda, water, and optionally bovine urine. When used for extinguishing burning coal fires, the composition includes alfalfa, vitamin B-6, and water. When used as an oil dispersant, the liquid composition includes vitamin B-6, bicarbonate of soda, water, and lemon or lime juice.

Abstract: The invention provides an efficient and reliable method for extinguishing fire of a chlorosilane compound, which is a notoriously dangerous inflammable material in respect of the difficulty of extinguishment of fire thereof, by sprinkling a specific porous inert silica based or silica-alumina based powder defined by the content of silica or overall content of silica and alumina as well as various parameters as a powdery material followed by spraying an aqueous solution of sodium chloride, potassium chloride or calcium chloride. The fire extinguishing efficiency can be further enhanced when the sprinkled powder is a blend of the above defined porous powder and a specific silica sand in a specific proportion. When the sprinkled powder is such a binary blend, considerably good results can be obtained even by omitting the step of spraying of the aqueous salt solution.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to water-soluble anionic polysaccharides bound to perfluoroalkyl cationic surfactants. Polymer complexes are formed which are especially useful for fighting fires of hydrophilic or polar liquids. They have the unique property of forming an impervious gel when foamed with suitable surfactants and projected onto burning liquids. The gelatinous blanket is resistant to the fuel and protects the foam blanket from destruction. Consequently, superior fire-fighting agents can be prepared for fires which are otherwise very difficult to extinguish.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an aqueous concentrate adapted to be diluted with water and used in fire control. The concentrate exhibits a viscosity of less than about 2000 centipoise and containing between about 0.75% and about 6% by weight a thickening agent and at least about 24% by weight of certain fire retardants, particularly diammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate, a blend of diammonium phosphate and diammonium sulfate, a blend of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25, and a blend of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate having a nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of at least about 1.25. Processes for the preparation of such concentrates and for use thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a rapid and reliable method for extinguishment of fire on a chlorosilane compound such as trichlorosilane which is hardly extinguishable once set on fire by any conventional fire-extinguishing methods. The inventive method comprises sprinkling an inert siliceous powder composed of porous particles of specified silica or silica-alumina content having a specified particle diameter, pore diameter and porosity over the surface of the burning chlorosilane compound. The efficiency of fire-extinguishment can further be enhanced when sprinkling of the porous siliceous powder is followed by spraying of water or a highly halogenated hydrocarbon compound, e.g., monobromo monochloromethane and carbon tetrachloride, over the siliceous powder.

Abstract: A firefighting composition comprises one or more of Halons 11, 12, 113 and 114 together with 1% to 14% by weight of an extinguishant base including a sesquiterpene and one or more essential oils. Solvents and dispersing agents may also be provided.

Abstract: A fire-extinguishing composition comprising a fluorine-containing surfactant of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f is a polyfluoroalkyl group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, X is a bivalent connecting group containing an ether-type oxygen atom, R is an alkylene group, Y is ##STR2## wherein Z.crclbar. is an anionic group-containing alkyl group, R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group, or forms together with R.sup.2 an alkylene group, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group, or forms together with R.sup.1 an alkylene group, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for extinguishing fire and for impregnating organic materials against combustion. The composition comprises an aqueous solution, a method of preparation of this composition and a method of extinguishing and impregnating organic material against combustion.

Abstract: Novel compositions useful as fluid gelling agents, especially for use in subterranean applications such as drilling fluids, are prepared by reacting an aqueous dispersion of a clay, such as bentonite, with an aqueous gel of a monodispersed mixed metal layered hydroxide of the formula Li.sub.m D.sub.d T(OH).sub.(m+2d+3+na) A.sub.a.sup.n, where D is a divalent metal, such as Mg, T is a trivalent metal, such as Al, and A represents other monovalent or polyvalent anions, the formula being described in detail in the disclosure.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition including potassium carbonate, a boron-containing compound, and water. In another embodiment, the fire extinguishing composition, in addition to the above, includes a potassium salt of an organic acid having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The fire extinguishing composition is non-corrosive to metals.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing surface active composition capable reducing the surface tension of water and the interfacial tension between water and oil, which comprises (A) at least one of cationic, non-ionic to ampho-ionic surfactant showing a surface tension of not more than 25 dyne/cm when determined on a 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight aqueous solution and having at least one fluorine-containing group comprising not less than 6 carbon atoms, of which each carbon atom bears at least one fluorine atom, and (B) at least one of surfactants of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group of 4 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: A method and formulation are provided which are effective for fighting coal fueled fires. The composition puts out the fire, penetrates the burning coal, disperses fire gases, and does not generate any gases that are toxic to humans. The basic formulation comprises a linear alkylbenzolyate sulfonate, non-ionic detergent and lauric superamide detergent mixture comprising about 50% by volume of the formulation, vitamin B-6 in the amount of about 0.5-3% by weight of the detergent mixture, bicarbonate of soda in the amount of about 3-18% by weight of the detergent mixture, red vegetable color in the amount of about 0.25-0.75% by weight of the detergent mixture, eucalyptus oil (if present) in the amount of about 1-2% by weight of the detergent mixture, and water comprising about 37-47% percent by volume of the total formulation.

Abstract: Materials are described which not only extinguish fires or suppress explosions but also remove at least part of any carbon monoxide which may remain after such prior extinguishing or explosion suppressing. Examples of suitable fire extinguishants and explosion suppressants are halocarbons such as bromotrifluoromethane. The carbon monoxide removing substance may comprise Hopcalite catalysts. Other examples of suitable substances are disclosed.

Abstract: Fluorinated telomers which can be defined by the formula:R.sub.F --C.sub.m H.sub.2m --(CH.sub.2 --CR.sub.1 R.sub.2).sub.n X (I)wherein R.sub.F is a poly- or perfluorinated radical; X is iodine, chlorine or bromine; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is from 5 to 1000; R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl; and R.sub.2 is a --COOH or --CONR.sub.3 R.sub.4 group, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 being hydrogen or alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals, such telomers being obtained by free radical reaction of an ethylenic monomer CH.sub.2 .dbd.CR.sub.1 R.sub.2 with a fluorinated telogen R.sub.F --C.sub.m H.sub.2m --X, and being excellent surfactants in aqueous media with special usefulness as additives to fire-fighting protein-based emulsifiers.

Abstract: There is disclosed, in one aspect, a dispensable flame-extinguishing composition comprising approximately 5 to approximately 20 percent by weight bromotrifluoromethane and approximately 95 to approximately 80 percent by weight bromochlorodifluoromethane and a residual air weight at 70.degree. F. which varies inversely to the degree of vacuum pulled under constant volume. For vessels ranging in size from 127 mls. to 325 mls. at a temperature of 70.degree. F. the amount and weight of residual air will vary from approximately 0.047 grams to 0.390 grams for a 22" Hg vacuum to no vacuum being pulled. The composition utilizes residual air to dispense the extinguishing agents in the temperature range of -40.degree. F. to room temperatures. In another aspect, there is disclosed a method for extinguishing fires. This method comprises applying to the fire the above-described composition. This composition is particularly useful in hand-held fire extinguishers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydrated fibrous mass prepared by the steps including introducing a source of cellulosic fibers to water with continuous mixing until a ratio of water to fibers of about 50 to 1 is obtained and mixing the water and source of cellulosic fibers until the source of cellulosic fibers has been comminuted to substantially individual cellulose fibers. The mass can be effectively used as a fire controlling agents. The mass can also be used as a carrier for pesticides, and as a concrete or cement cure rate controlling agent.

Abstract: Novel compositions useful as fluid gelling agents, especially for use in subterranean applications such as drilling fluids, are prepared by reacting an aqueous dispersion of a clay, such as bentonite, with an aqueous gel of a monodispersed mixed metal layered hydroxide of the formula Li.sub.m D.sub.d T(OH).sub.m+2d+3+na) A.sub.a.sup.n, where D is a divalent metal, such as Mg, T is a trivalent metal, such as Al, and A represents other monovalent or polyvalent anions, the formula being described in detail in the disclosure.

Abstract: A gelled concentrate composition contains 70 to 30 weight percent gelled liquid and 30 to 70 weight percent solids component. The solids component comprises a fine powder of an ammonium compound and a vinyl polymer gelling agent. The gelling agent is present in the amount of 0.5 to 8.0 weight percent of the total composition. The resulting gelled concentrate, stable up to 18 months in storage, is useful in extinguishing fires.

Abstract: In connection with the manufacture of cellulosic insulation of the type utilizing shredded newspaper which is treated with a fire retardant chemical composition and used for the thermal insulation of building structures, an anti-static agent is mixed and adhered to the fire retardant agent prior to depositing the fire retardant agent on the shredded cellulosic material. The anti-static agent may also be introduced into the finished product with desirable but not as significant improvements in the insulation and its manufacture.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing surface active composition capable reducing the surface tension of water to the interfacial tension between water and oil, which comprises (A) at least one of cationic, non-ionic and ampho-ionic surfactant showing a surface tension of not more than 25 dyne/cm when determined on a 0.01 to 1.0 % by weight aqueous solution and having at least one fluorine-containing group comprising not less than 6 carbon atoms, of which each carbon atom bears at least one fluorine atom, and (B) at least one of surfactants of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic group of 4 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition which comprises bromofluorohydrocarbon and/or bromochlorofluorohydrocarbon and a fluorine-containing high molecular compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous solutions having dilatant properties in which the aqueous solution contains a polymer complex which is a water soluble polymer backbone containing an anionic comonomer and a copolymer of a water soluble polymer backbone containing a cationic comonomer.

Abstract: An aqueous fire-extinguishing composition comprising an aqueous solvent and a water-soluble high molecular compound which contains a fluoroalkyl group and a water-solubilizable group, has an average molecular weight of not less than 5,000 and fluorine content of not less than 10% by weight and is soluble in water in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight at 25.degree. C. and the surface tension of which is not more than 50 dyn/cm when measured on 0.1 to 5.0% by weight aqueous solution at 25.degree. C. has excellent fire-extinguishing performance on fire of cooking oil, particularly of frying oil.

Abstract: A fire or flame barrier material comprising an ethylene copolymer matrix, 150-220 parts by weight of aluminum hydroxide and 150-220 parts by weight of calcium carbonate or calcium-magnesium carbonate. The material can also include a lubricating agent, an elasticizer, calcium oxide, a polymer softening agent, a color-aging agent, and an antioxidant agent.

Abstract: Titanium metal fires are extinguished by the application of a material selected from the group consisting of calcium fluoride, lithium fluoride and sodium fluoride.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to the use of ion-pair complexes derived from anionic perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, carboxylates, phosphates and phosphonates and cationic perfluoroalkyl surfactants. Such complexes are capable of reducing the surface tension of aqueous solutions dramatically even at extremely low concentrations, and are useful as wetting, spreading and leveling agents and are especially preferred as components in so-called aqueous film forming foam compositions for fighting polar and non-polar solvent and fuel fires.

Abstract: A deodorant product comprises a deodorant composition and a polishing agent, chosen from waxes, film-forming polymers or mixtures thereof, the deodorant composition having a deodorant value of from 0.50 to 3.5 as measured by the Deodorant Value Test.

Abstract: A fire-extinguisher composition comprising a blend of at least one member selected from the group consisting of protein and protein decomposition products, at least one liquid polyhydroxy compound or an aqueous solution of at least one polyhydroxy compound, and at least one halogenated hydrocarbon. The composition can easily be emulsified or dispersed in water and exhibits a high retention of its fire-extinguishing ability, a satisfactory secondary fire-extinguishing ability, and a foaming ability sufficient to make a foaming device unnecessary.

Abstract: An arc quenching composition suitable for deionizing and extinguishing a high voltage electrical arc comprising an effective proportion of hexamethylenetetramine. Depending on the application in which the arc extinguishing composition is employed, the hexamethylenetetramine may be utilized alone, admixed with a suitable binder, or used to impregnate another material.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing aminosulfonate of the general formulaR.sub.f -Q.sub.l -N(R.sub.1)-Q.sub.2 -N(R.sub.2)-Q.sub.3 -SO.sub.3 Mwherein R.sub.f represents a perfluorinated aliphatic group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms; Q.sub.1 represents --CH.sub.2 --.sub.h in which h represents an integer of 1 to 6, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Z--.sub.i in which Z represents --O-- or --S--, and i represents an integer of 1 to 4, ##STR1## or a combination of these; Q.sub.2 and Q.sub.3 are identical or different and each represents --CH.sub.2 --.sub.j in which j represents an integer of 1 to 6, ##STR2## in which R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or ##STR3## M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an alkaline earth methal atom, or --N(H).sub.m (R.sub.4).sub.n in which R.sub.4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and m and n represent 0 or an integer of 1 to 4 provided that m+n=4; R.sub.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing alkylsulfobetaines of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f denotes a perfluoroalkyl radical having 3 to 16 C atoms, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which can be identical or different, denote alkyl radicals or hydroxyalkyl radicals having 1 to 4 C atoms, a is zero or 1, b assumes the value 1 when a is equal to 1 and the values 1 to 4 when a is equal to 0, and c is 3 or 4, are described. These are prepared by reacting the corresponding fluorine-containing amines with propanesultone or butanesultone in organic solvents. The compounds are distinguished in particular by high interfacial activity at the interface of water with non-miscible organic liquids and by compatibility with other surfactants. They are suitable for use as aftertreatment agents (auxiliary dispersing agents) in dispersions of fluoropolymers and as components in fire-extinguishing agents.

Abstract: A reagent composition which is chemically inert when solid and is chemica reactive when molten comprises a first substance selected from high molecular weight waxes and polymers and a second substance dissolved, dispersed, or encapsulated in the first substance. The second substance is highly chemically reactive and is selected from strong bases and strong acids. The composition is particularly adapted for use in safety devices automatically activated in response to an increase in the temperature of a chemical system and in processes for automatically discontinuing the operation of or decontaminating the products of a malfunctioning chemical system.