Abstract: An electrical overstress protection composite of electrical conductor/semiconductor particles including particles in the 100 to 10 micron range, micron range, and submicron range, distributed in a densely packed homogeneous manner, a minimum proportion of 100 angstrom range insulative particles separating the conductor/semiconductor particles, and a minimum proportion of insulative binder matrix sufficient to combine said particles into a stable coherent body.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions rendered antistatic or electrically conductive showing increased conductivity are obtained by incorporating into a matrix polymer a combination ofA. a first finely divided conductive material, namely conductive carbon black with a BET surface area of more than 80 m.sup.2 /g or an intrinsically conductive organic polymer in complexed form, andB. a second finely divided conductive material, namely graphite or an intrinsically conductive polymer in complexed form, which is different from the material used as material A, or a metal powder and/orC. a finely divided non conductive material having an average particle size below 50 microns.

Abstract: A semiconductive roll is prepared by molding and curing a silicone rubber composition to a mandrel to form a semiconductive layer. The silicone rubber composition includes (A) 100 parts by weight of a diorganopolysiloxane, (B) 5 to 200 parts by weight of spherical silicone elastomer particles having a mean particle size of 0.1 to 100 .mu.m, and (C) a conductive material, typically conductive carbon black, zinc oxide or titanium oxide. The roll has stable, minimal varying resistivity in the semiconductive region which does not depend on molding conditions.

Abstract: Submicron to micron sized conductive particles, on the order of 0.05 to 5 micron in average particle diameter, are produced using a semisuspension polymerization process in which the aqueous phase of the suspension contains an inorganic salt such as potassium iodide. The inorganic salt inhibits the formation of polymer particles that do not contain conductive filler so as to be non-conductive. The process also allows for conductive filler to be added at the start of the process. Powder coatings made from the submicron sized conductive particles have a high and uniform conductivity.

Abstract: A carbon containing paste for use in particular as components of electrolytic cells as such or compacted to form anodes, cathodes and cell linings of cells for the electrolysis of alumina for the production of aluminium, consists of a compact mixture of one or more particulate carbonaceous material(s) with a non-carbonaceous non-polluting binder and optionally with one or more fillers, the binder being a suspension of one or more colloids such as colloidal silica, alumina, yttria, ceria, thoria, zirconia, magnesia, lithia or being derived from one or more colloid precursors or colloid reagents optionally with one or more chelating agents. Cell components are produced by forming the paste to a desired shape and size, for instance in a mold, an injection die or in a cell bottom, compacting and drying before use, or the paste can be used as such like in a Soderberg type anode, or for bonding together carbon blocks like a ramming paste.

Abstract: To improve its resistance to penetration and degradation by sodium, a carbon cathode for use in aluminium production by the electrolysis of alumina dissolved in a cryolite-based molten electrolyte is pre-treated with a solution, suspension or melt of a compound of lithium, sodium and/or potassium. This pre-treatment takes place prior to, during or after forming the cathode but before use thereof. The entire carbon cathode, or only that part of the carbon which is nearest to the active cathode surface is treated, making it more resistant to penetration by components of the molten electrolyte of aluminium.

Abstract: Particles of intercalated graphite are formed by treating graphite particles with an intercalant and contacting the graphite particles with an organic molecule having C.sub.8 -C.sub.30 carbon atoms and a polar end functional group.

Abstract: Graphite intercalation compound interposing at least PbCl.sub.2 interlaminarly among graphite, synthesized by mixing a raw material graphite, PbCl.sub.2, and a metal halide other than PbCl.sub.2 and heating the mixture.

Abstract: An electrochemically active paint is disclosed which provides cathodic protection to metallic materials of construction. This paint incorporates high concentrations of conductive pigment materials in combination with both corrosion inhibiting agents and exceptionally active metal pigments that can cathodically protect the base metal to which the paint is applied even though the metal pigment particles are incorporated within the paint vehicle. Applying this paint to an engineering structure confers active cathodic protection, and the resulting painted structure is thus rendered completely immune to corrosion for the active lifetime of the paint.

Abstract: This composite material with a fibrous reinforcement has refractory fibres (2) embedded in a nonmetallic matrix (4) and an interphase material (6) interposed between the fibres and the matrix, the interphase material being boron carbonitride with a lamellar or amorphous structure containing in atomic %, 0 to 98% nitrogen, 1 to 99% carbon and 1 to 99% boron. The composition of the interphase material can be homogeneous or vary gradually from the fibre-material interface (8) to the material-matrix interface (10).

Abstract: An absorber for electromagnetic and acoustic waves comprising an absorber body containing mineral wool and particles of a conductive substance, in which the mineral wool is impregnated with a binder having the particles admixed therewith.

Abstract: Broadly, the present invention is directed to a method for making a thermally stable, dense, electrically conductive diamond compact. The method comprises infiltrating a mass of diamond crystals with a silicon infiltrant in the presence of boron under conditions comprising a temperature of not substantially above 1200 .degree. C. and a pressure of not substantially above 45 Kbars. The resulting compact contains diamond-to-diamond bonding. The boron can be provided in the form of boron-doped diamond. Alternatively, a boron-silicon alloy can be used for infiltrating boron-doped or undoped diamond. Further, boron can be added as elemental boron or B.sub.4 C with silicon for infiltration. Alternatively, boron metal catalyst plus silicon infiltration can be used for boron-doped or undoped diamond. Combinations of these techniques also can be used. In the HP/HT process, the silicon infiltrates the diamond powder mass forming a network composed of silicon carbide by reaction of the silicon with diamond-carbon.

Abstract: To provide a conductive resin composite high in conductivity and moldability and low in electric resistance, intercalation compound composed of graphite fiber (having a three-dimensional crystal structure such that hexagonal net planes of carbon are arranged substantially in parallel to a fiber axis and in annular ring growth fashion) and fluorine or transition element fluoride are dispersed in synthetic resin.

Abstract: An anisotropically electroconductive rubbery membrane having good adhesiveness can be obtained from a composition comprising: (a) 100 parts by volume of a rubbery fluorocarbon polymer capable of being crosslinked with an organic peroxide compounded with from 0.1 to 30% by weight of an organosilicon compound having, in a molecule, at least one epoxy group, e.g., 3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, to form a continuum of matrix phase; and (b) from 1 to 30 parts by volume of electroconductive particles uniformly dispersed in the matrix phase.

Abstract: Improved conductive latex dispersions are disclosed comprising a specific blend of conductive carbon black particles. The carbon black component of the blend comprises acetylene carbon black particles and furnace black particles, with the furnace black particles having a nitrogen surface area (m.sup.2 /gm) of about 250 or greater and a DBP absorption value cc/100 gm of about 180 or above. The dispersions exhibit stable viscosity upon usage and storage and still result in acceptable conductivity.

Abstract: An electrophoretic coatable sealant composition for use in assembling automobile bodies comprising an adhesive material selected from the group consisting of epoxys, urethanes, epoxyurethane hybrids, acrylics, epoxy-acrylic hybrids, polyvinylchlorides and mixtures thereof and a conductive filler in an amount such that the sealant composition will accept electrophoretic deposition of a primer composition yet preserve the adhesive properties of the sealant composition. The conductive filler is selected from the group consisting of non-treated furnace-type conductive carbon blacks.

Abstract: A composite material containing carbon is protected against oxidation by forming, on the composite material, an inner layer, an intermediate layer containing boron or a boron compound, and an outer layer of silicon carbide. The inner layer formed on the composite material before the intermediate layer is formed, is made of a refractory carbide that does not contain boron and that is at least 60 microns thick, said inner layer insulating the intermediate layer from the carbon contained in the composite material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sliding member having a predetermined shape and including: a sintered body obtained by sintering a composite body including: preliminary carbonized carbonaceous fiber; inorganic powder or inorganic fiber; and self-sintering carbonaceous powder with the preliminarily carbonized carbonaceous fiber and the inorganic powder or the inorganic fiber buried therein. The sliding member has a high and stable friction coefficient (.mu.), high strength, excellent abrasion resistance, and is manufacturable at a low cost. Further, the friction coefficient (.mu.) and the other properties of the sliding member can be controlled depending on an application of a sliding member by selecting an optimum inorganic powder or inorganic fiber. Particularly, when boron compound powder is selected as the inorganic powder, the friction coefficient (.mu.) of the sliding member can be suppressed to 0.15 or less, and the load at seizure thereof can be improved to 100 kgf/cm.sup.2 or more.

Abstract: A coating composition for a cathode ray tube, comprising the ingredients of: silica powder which has been fused during the process of flame spraying, said silica powder having an average particle size of about 0.02 to about 15 microns, electrically conductive graphite powder, with the pigment ratio of silica to graphite being within the range of 0.1 to 15, an organic thickening agent, water glass, and the balance water, said coating composition having a viscosity within the range of about 270 to about 850 cps; and wherein the coating provides markedly improved intercoat adhesion between overlapping coatings on the interior funnel of the cathode ray tube.

Abstract: A self temperature limiting electrical conducting composite comprising a dispersion of an electrical conducting aggregate and an electrical insulating aggregate in a polymer. The electrical conducting aggregate is preferably a natural or synthetic graphite. The electrical insulating aggregate is preferably silica (SiO.sub.2) or calcite. The polymer is preferably an acrylate.

Abstract: Material for a housing of electronic components, a compound of synthetic resin, which contains ferrite powder and carbon fiber, is bestowed with original properties of the synthetic resin, such as lightness and freedom of molding, high permeability brought by ferrite powder, and high conductivity and mechanical properties by a designated carbon fiber. The material is made into a light housing with various shapes by injection molding or vacuum molding. The housing concentrates on its surface magnetic flux from external low-frequency field and shields the electronic components from electromagnetic wave noise and low-frequency magnetic field, preventing electromagnetic troubles of the electronic components.

Abstract: Microwave interactive coating compositions are disclosed which comprise finely divided carbon, a powdered inert solid and a binder. A preferred composition comprises finely divided carbon, finely divided microwave reactive metal, powdered inert material and a dielectric binder, preferably an acrylic latex. These compositions are capable of producing microwave reactive heaters comparable to those produced by vapor deposition of metals on a carrier film.

Abstract: A composition which comprises a matrix polymer and, distributed therein, a particulate conductive filler. At least some of the filler particles are composed of a conductive polymer composition and/or the matrix comprises a sintered polymer. The matrix polymer and the filler particles and the method of distributing the particles are such that the particles maintain their identity in the matrix. For example, the particles are preferably highly cross-linked so that they have a hot modulus of at least 250 psi if the composition is prepared by melt extrusion or another process involving a high degree of shear; or a low-shear process such as sintering can be used. Preferably the matrix polymer is capable of coating the filler particles; for example, the matrix polymer and the filler polymer may be chemically similar. The invention is particularly useful for preparing compositions which have high resistivities, e.g. 1000 ohm.cm or more, and which can be prepared with a high degree of reproduceability.

Abstract: A tray for an integrated circuit comprising a thermosetting resin compound comprising 20 to 180 parts by weight of a filler with a water absorption of 0.45% or less and 15 to 45 parts by weight of electroconductive carbon black added to 100 parts by weight of a thermosetting resin with a water adsorption of 0.45% or less, desirably with 5 to 15 parts by weight of an acrylonitrile-butadiene type rubber, said tray having a surface resistance of 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.6 .OMEGA., a water absorption of 0.45% or less than a glass transition temperature of 150.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: There is disclosed a conductive thermoplastic resin composition which comprises:(a) 30 to 86% by weight of a thermoplastic aromatic polycarbonate,(b) 2 to 15% by weight of a high density polyethylene having a density of 0.945 to 0.970 g/cm.sup.3 and a melt flow rate of 0.1 to 30 g/10 min,(c) 5 to 20% by weight of a glass fiber having an average diameter of 3 to 15 .mu.m and an average length of 0.05 to 10 mm,(d) 5 to 20% by weight of a carbon fiber having an average diameter of 3 to 20 .mu.m and an average length of 0.03 to 15 mm, and(e) 2 to 15% by weight of a conductive carbon black.

Abstract: A paste including a thermally conducting solid filler, a nonaqueous liquid carrier and a stabilizing dispersant. The pastes are highly concentrated, of low viscosity, electrically resistive, highly thermally conducting and stable. The pastes are easily applicable to electrical and electronic devices and may be removed therefrom with common solvents to access components where necessary.

Abstract: The invention relates to conductive blends made from polyarylenesulphides, preferably polyphenylenesulphides (PPS) with graphite and conductive carbon black.

Abstract: A two component adhesive composition which is curable by induction heating is provided. The presence of an effective amount of conductive carbon black along with an effective amount of an electromagnetic energy absorbing material such as iron oxide in the adhesive composition allows one to reduce the time for induction curing and/or allow the use of low frequency induction generators (less than or equal to 10 KHz) in the bonding of fiber reinforced engineering thermoset, thermoplastic materials and other plastics.

Abstract: Particulate vinyl resin mixed with a liquid premix of carbon black, plasticizer, etc. provides surface resistivities of 10.sup.4 -10.sup.9 ohm/sq. with as little as 0.2 to 5% by weight carbon black in fused sheets or films useful for conductive flooring or wrapping. Overcoating with a plastisol before fusion provides a smooth surface without loss of static dissipative properties. Conductive TiO.sub.2, Sb/SnO.sub.2, organic titanates, dispersions of carbon black and titanium dioxide, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, epoxidized soybean oil, polyethylene glycol and organic stabilizer are useful for preparing PVC resin compositions.

Abstract: A now superconducting material comprising a compound oxide represented by the general formula:(Sr,.gamma.).sub.x (La,.delta.).sub.1-x .epsilon..sub.y Cu.sub.1-y O.sub.3-zin which".gamma." represents an element of IIa group of the periodic table except Sr, an atomic ratio of .gamma. to Sr being selected in a range between 1% and 90%,".delta." represents an element of IIIa group of the periodic except La, an atomic ratio of .delta. to La is selected in a range between 1% and 90%,".epsilon." represents a metal element of Vb group of the periodic table, x, y and z are numbers each satisfies ranges of 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1, and 0.ltoreq.z<1 respectively, andthe expression of (Sr,.gamma.) and (La,.delta.) mean that the respective elements position predetermined sites in a crystal in a predetermined proportion.

Abstract: A solid lubricated resistive ink includes solid lubricants which provide self-lubrication of the resistive ink under high vacuum and low moisture conditions. The resistive inks include a polymer-based binder and an electrically conductive solid lubricant which remains electrically conductive and lubricative under low moisture and high vacuum. Effective lubricants include MoSe.sub.2, NbSe.sub.2 graphite intercalated with bromine and graphite intercalated with a metal chloride. The resistive ink may additionally include carbon.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a superconductor wherein a precursor oxide mixture is dispersed in an appropriate polymer matrix and shaped into a predetermined form following which the matrix and oxide precursor are respectively carbonized and sintered simultaneously. An alternate method is to separately prepare a superconducting material from the precursor oxide mixture, grind the superconducting material and add it to a solution containing polyacrylonitrile, shape into a predetermined form, following which the superconducting material and matrix are, respectively, carbonized and then annealed.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave-shielding thermoplastic resin composition comprising(A) 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of polypropylene resins, polystyrene resins, acrylonitrile/styrene/butadiene copolymer resin, polybutylene terephthalate resins, polyphenylene ether resins and linear aliphatic polyamide resins,(B) 30 to 300 parts by weight of electrically conductive glass fibers,(C) 5 to 40 parts by weight of carbon black, and(D) 5 to 40 parts by weight of graphite.

Abstract: A microwave interactive coating composition and microwave reactive paper and paperboard heaters comprising the coating composition are disclosed. The coating compositions which comprise finely divided carbon, a finely divided microwave reactive metallic component, a powdered inert solid and a binder are capable of producing microwave reactive heaters comparable to those produced by vapor deposition of metals on a carrier film.

Abstract: A rust-proof sealing composition contains 30 to 90 parts by weight of an epoxy resin, 8 to 30 parts by weight of a curing agent containing a carboxylic acid derivative selected from the group consisting of aminocarboxylic acid, polycarboxylic acid hydrazide having not less than 8 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, 1 to 20 parts by weight of an electrically conductive carbon and a balance of a filler such that the total amounts make up 100 parts by weight. The epoxy resin contains 100 to 30 wt. % of a modified epoxy resin selected from the group consisting of a butadiene/acrylonitrile-modified epoxy resin, an urethane-modified epoxy resin and mixtures thereof, and 0 to 70 wt. % of an epoxy other than the modified epoxy resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to conductive blends of polyarylene sulfides (PAS), preferably polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), with graft polymers, conductive carbon black and graphite.

Abstract: Particulate vinyl resin mixed with a liquid premix of carbon black, plasticizer, etc. provides surface resistivities of 10.sup.4 -10.sup.9 ohm/sq. with as little as 0.2 to 5% by weight carbon black in fused sheets or films useful for conductive flooring or wrapping. Overcoating with a plastisol before fusion provides a smooth surface without loss of static dissipative properties. Conductive TiO.sub.2, Sb/SnO.sub.2, organic titanates, dispersions of carbon black and titanium dioxide, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, epoxidized soybean oil, polyethylene glycol and organic stabilizer are useful for preparing PVC resin compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrically conductive, polymer based material with electrical resistivity having a positive temperature coefficient. The material comprises a matrix of thermosetting polymer having conductive particles in the form of fibers distributed through the polymer. The polymer can be an epoxy resin, polyimide, unsaturated polyester, silicone, polyurethane or phenolic resin, and the fibers can be carbon fibers, carbon fibers coated with metal or metal alloy, graphite fibers, graphite fibers coated with metal or metal alloy, graphite intercalation compound fibers, metal fibers, ceramic fibers, or ceramic fibers coated with a metal or metal alloy.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to improved conductive primer compositions and methods. In the improved methods aspect of the present invention, a non-conductive polymeric component is precoated with a primer to render it electroconductive in preparation for electrocoating. Next, the primed polymeric comonent is assembled with a conductive metallic component to form a multi-material workpiece. Finally, the formed workpiece is submerged in an electrocoat bath for simultaneously electrocoating both the primed polymeric component and the conductive metallic component. In some preferred embodiments, the workpiece may be an automobile body. In the improved electroconductive primer compositions aspect of the present invention, such compositions comprise a dispersion of approximately 70% to 90% of a polymeric resinous which will cure to form a film, approximately 10% to 30% of a conductive carbon pigment, in some embodiments approximately 0.25 to 0.

Abstract: A conductive coating composition comprising a graphite intercalation compound, carbon black, a binder, and a solvent is provided. The graphite intercalation compound is prepared by a process comprising reacting a dried metal chloride, a salt capable of forming a molten salt together with the metal chloride, and a graphite in a molten state in a chlorine gas stream under atmospheric pressure or a process comprising reacting a dried metal chloride, a salt capable of forming a molten salt together with said metal chloride, a salt capable of forming a double salt in a gas phase together with the metal chloride, and a graphite in a molten state in a chlorine gas stream under atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A process for producing a ceramic material which is electrically conductive by reacting titanium dioxide with intercalated graphite under conditions which effect the reduction of the titanium dioxide, said product comprising an electrically conductive, corrosion-resistant, substoichiometric titanium dioxide combined chemically with an intercalant or residue thereof, for example, a metal such as copper or nickel, and the use thereof in thermal, electrical and electro-chemical applications.

Abstract: Antistatic or electrically semiconducting thermoplastic polymer blends contain two partially compatible thermoplastic polymers A and B, whereof polymer A has a lower viscosity than polymer B and whereby the solubility parameters thereof also differ. Polymer A, which forms the continuous phase, contains an addition of electrically conductive substances and forms current-carrying conductor tracks. The polymer blends are suitable for producing antistatic or electrically semiconductor coatings, foils, moulded articles or parts.

Abstract: A conductive suspension for making contact to the inside of a picture tube consists of graphite, glass-frit powder, a binder, such as nitrocellulose, a solvent, such as isoamyl acetate. It can be applied prior to or after the aluminizing process by various techniques, such as brushing, printing, or spraying, and permits the bake-out process and the frit-sealing process to be performed in one step because it is permeable to organic substances. It is easy to remove from defective tube parts by conventional cleansing techniques.

Abstract: Electrically semi-conducting and conducting open celled ceramic networks and methods for producing them are disclosed. The ceramic network is formed by impregnating an organic foam material with a semi-conducting or conducting ceramic composition, and firing the impregnated material to burn out the foam and to vitrify the ceramic. The semi-conducting or conducting ceramic composition may comprise, on a solids basis, from 45 to 80 percent of a lead-free ceramic frit, from 5 to 15 percent of mono aluminum phosphate, from 6 to 45 percent of a silicone resin, from 0.2 to 13.2 percent of a conducting carbon compound, and an organic solvent or water in an amount sufficient to form a dispersion having a viscosity ranging from 300 to 3000 centipoises, and, in the latter case, from 0.5 to 7 percent of a detergent.

Abstract: A conductive foam having a surface resistance of not more than 9.9.times.10.sup.10 ohms as measured by DIN 53,345 may be prepared by incorporating into the base compound at least about 5 parts by dry weight per 100 parts by weight of polymer of a dispersion of carbon black stabilized by a soap predominantly of the same type as that compatible with the process used to set the foam; and processing the compound in a conventional manner.

Abstract: Ceramic metal oxide fibers are made by intercalating graphitic graphite fibers with a mixture of metal chlorides and then heating the intercalated fibers to oxidize or burn off the carbon leaving a metal oxide fiber having generally the shape and structure of the graphite fiber precursors to make composite fibers, such as binary fibers of aluminum oxide-zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide-ferric oxide.

Abstract: Resistance paste comprises conductive powder suspended in a binder resin, and is characterized in that the conductive powder comprises graphite powder of which particles are coated or covered with at least one higher fatty acid having at least 12 carbon atoms. The paste may contain carbon black as a part of the conductive powder. The paste may further contain a filler, preferably, fine powder of talc having a mean particle diameter of not more than 5 .mu.m.

Abstract: A PTC composition comprising at least one polymer, from 5% to 45% by volume of electrically conductive or semiconductive particles having a room temperature electric conductivity of at least 10.sup.2 [s/m] dispersed in said polymer, and from 0.2% to 20% by volume of thermally conductive particles having a room temperature electric conductivity of no more than 10.sup.-3 [s/m] and a thermal conductivity of at least 20 [w/m.multidot.k] dispersed in said polymer. A PTC device using such a PTC composition has a high ratio of peak resistance to room temperature resistance, and exhibits high safety.

Abstract: An electrically conductive composite material is disclosed which comprises a conductive open-celled, low density, microcellular carbon foam filled with a non-conductive polymer or resin. The composite material is prepared in a two-step process consisting of first preparing the microcellular carbon foam from a carbonizable polymer or copolymer using a phase separation process, then filling the carbon foam with the desired non-conductive polymer or resin. The electrically conductive composites of the present invention has a uniform and consistant pattern of filler distribution, and as a result is superior over prior art materials when used in battery components, electrodes, and the like.

Abstract: An aqueous based electrically conductive paint having substantially enhanced settling properties employing a nickel pigment and a surfactant having substantial unsaturation characteristics. Paint is held at 50.degree. F. or greater for at least one hour requires no aging before use. The paint finds particular application in providing EMI and RFI shielding for electrical components when applied to cabinetry housing such components.