Abstract: Disclosed is a process for introducing elemental silver in graphite by blending a silver compound with graphite, mixing the same with dissolved pitch to form a mix, shaping the mix to any desired shape and size and baking at high temperature to form the finished article which contains a uniformly distributed and predictable silver level.

Abstract: A composition providing effective electromagnetic/radio frequency interference (EMI/RFI) shielding is disclosed. The composition comprises a plastic material, preferably a thermoplastic resin, suitable additives such as lubricants, stabilizers and the like, and a conductive component consisting of a mixture of finely divided conductive carbon black and graphite.

Abstract: Precursors, particularly of non-oxide ceramics, are prepared by special seeding, under carefully controlled conditions. Such procedures can lead to the preparation of unique powders, which may be useful, for example as abrasives, or further processed in special manner to prepare a variety of metal substances. Such procedures can permit final firing to sintered product.

Abstract: Powdered carpet treating compositions and the method of their use. Carpet treating compositions having improved anti-static, anti-microbial and anti-soiling characteristics are provided by use of an aluminosilicate pretreated with an anti-static agent, preferably a catonic surfactant, as a critical component in the formulation of the powdered carpet treating compositions.

Abstract: A novel ternary intercalation compound of a graphite with an alkali metal fluoride and fluorine, which is represented by the formula C.sub.x F(MF).sub.y wherein M is an alkali metal is produced by reacting a graphite material with an alkali metal fluoride in an atmosphere of fluorine gas at a temperature of 0.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. for at least a period of time to effect a weight increase in the graphite. The ternary graphite intercalation compound thus obtained has not only an excellent stability to humidity or moisture but also a high electrical conductivity. The novel ternary graphite intercalation compound according to the present invention may be practically used as a novel electrically conductive material and a catalyst of organic reactions.

Abstract: A novel ternary intercalation compound of a graphite with a metal fluoride and fluorine, which is represented by the formula C.sub.x F(MF.sub.z).sub.y wherein M is a metal is produced by reacting a graphite material with a metal fluoride in an atmosphere of fluorine gas at a temperature of 0.degree. C. to 400.degree. C. for at least a period of time to effect a weight increase in the graphite. The ternary graphite intercalation compound thus obtained has not only an excellent stability to humidity or moisture but also a high electrical conductivity. The novel ternary graphite intercalation compound according to the present invention may be practically used as a novel electrically conductive material and a catalyst of organic reactions.

Abstract: A resistor composition for a resistor-incorporated spark plug, composed of glass, an inorganic aggregate and carbon, and adapted to be sealed in a centerbore in a ceramic insulator, at least 1% by weight of said aggregate being in advance mixed and calcined with an organic carbonaceous material to adsorb resultant carbonized carbon.

Abstract: A fluoroelastomer composition comprising a cross-linkable fluoroelastomer and/or a thermoplastic fluoroelastomer and carbon fiber having a low volume resistivity of 10.sup.-1 to 10.sup.13 ohm.cm.

Abstract: A resistor composition for spark plugs comprises 100 wt parts of base mixture of 30-70 wt glass frit with the balance being an inorganic aggregate, 0.1-10 wt parts of carbonaceous material calculated as carbon, 0-30 wt parts of stabilizing agent for resistance under load and 0.1-15 wt parts of boron, boric acid and/or a borate. This composition reduces pores on sealing.

Abstract: A fluoroelastomer-containing non-tacky electrically conductive coating composition which comprises (a) a fluoroelastomer, (b) a fluororesin, (c) a coupling agent, (d) an electrically conducting material, (e) a liquid vehicle and optionally (f) an inorganic fibrous material, the weight ratio of the fluoroelastomer (a) and the fluororesin (b) being from 95:5 to 35:65, a coating film formed from which has electrical conductivity as well as the properties inherent to the fluoroelastomer.

Abstract: An electroconductive polyolefin composition comprising (1) 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin resin, (2) 10 to 60 parts by weight of carbon black, (3) 0.1 to 6 parts by weight of sulfur and (4) at least 0.1 part by weight of one or two specified accelerators, and optionally containing 5 to 60 parts by weight of atactic polypropylene.

Abstract: A novel ternary intercalation compound of a graphite with a metal fluoride and fluorine, which is represented by the formula C.sub.x F(MF.sub.z).sub.y wherein M is Al or Mg and z is an integer corresponding to the valence of M, is produced by contacting a graphite material with a metal fluoride selected from AlF.sub.3 and MgF.sub.2 in an atmosphere of fluorine gas at a temperature of 0.degree. C. to 400.degree. C. for at least a period of time to effect a weight increase in the graphite. The ternary graphite intercalation compound thus obtained has not only an excellent stability to humidity or moisture but also a high electrical conductivity. The novel ternary graphite intercalation compound according to the present invention may be practically used as a novel electrically conductive material and a catalyst of organic reactions.

Abstract: High shielding efficiencies to emissions of electromagnetic interference are achieved with molding compositions comprised of thermosetting resins and a multi-component electroconductive filler system. Compounds having a combination of at least two conductive fillers provide shielding efficiencies of 30 dB of attenuation or more to electromagnetic emissions over a frequency range of 0.5 to 1000 Mhz without adversely affecting mechanical properties and processing capabilities.

Abstract: Electrical cells and batteries having lithium anodes and cathodes comprising an organic slurry of MnO.sub.2 and carbon particles in an organic solvent in contact with a conductive plastic current collector, and a method of making the cathodes comprising the steps of heating MnO.sub.2 to remove absorbed and adsorbed water and water of crystallization, cooling the dehydrated MnO.sub.2, dispersing the cooled and dehydrated MnO.sub.2 in an anhydrous solvent to form a slurry, depositing the slurry in discrete cathode patches on cell component substrates, and sealing the slurry patches into cells having substantially gas impervious cell enveloping boundaries.

Abstract: Electrically conductive carbon compositions are disclosed which are formed from carbon having a graphite-like structure and a nitrosyl or nitronium salt or salts. The nitrosyl or nitronium salt reacts with the carbon to intercalate it with charge-exchange atoms or molecules. Binary, ternary and multi-intercalated lamellar compositions are produced according to the particular reaction process selected. The compositions may be used alone as electrical conductors or may be combined in a matrix to form composite conductors.

Abstract: A resistor composition for resistor-incorporated spark plugs, substantially consisting of 100 parts of a base mixture consisting of 30 to 70% of glass frit and the balance of inorganic aggregate; 0.1 to 7.0 parts, calculated on carbon upon sintering, of a carbonaceous material; and 0 to 30 parts of an agent for stabilizing resistance of the resistor under load, the glass frit containing 10 to 100% of lead glass having a PbO content of 30 to 88% and a softening point of 300.degree. to 600.degree. C. with the balance of a glass having a softening point exceeding 500.degree. C., each by weight ratio.

Abstract: Carbon or graphite is protected against oxidation by application of a solution comprising monoammonium phosphate, zinc orthophosphate, phosphoric acid, boric acid, cupric oxide, wetting agent in water.

Abstract: A lead-free green ceramic body useful after firing as an electrical resistor, and a method for producing such a resistor, are disclosed. The method preferably comprises the steps of preparing a uniform, finely-divided mixture by blending, by weight, substantially 69 percent of a glass frit with substantially 8 percent of AlPO.sub.4, substantially 3 percent of conductive carbon and substantially 20 percent of a phenyl lower alkyl silicone resin which is curable to form a temporary binder for the conductive carbon and the glass frit. One preferred frit consists essentially of substantially 43 percent SiO.sub.2, 20 percent B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 21 percent Na.sub.2 O, 3 percent CaO, 8 percent BaO and 5 percent Li.sub.2 O. A shape is then pressed from the mixture; the shape is heated to 450-550 degrees F. for about 30 minutes and cooled to ambient temperature. Silver paint is then applied to the cooled shape and the painted shape is fired to vitrify the frit of the resistor.

Abstract: A mesophase pitch derived carbon fiber which has been boronated and intercalated with calcium possesses a low resistivity and excellent mechanical properties.

Abstract: Addition of between 2 and 20% by weight of noise suppressing constituents to a conventional d.c. air-carbon arc cutting and gouging electrode results in an electrode operating at noise levels between 5 and 15 dbA below that of a conventional d.c. electrode. Further noise reduction is achieved by lowering the operating pressure of the air in the torch.

Abstract: The incorporation of intercalated carbon/graphite in any of its forms such as powder, flake or fiber into an organic matrix results in a high strength, light weight composite with an electrical conductivity considerably higher than a similar product made with nonintercalated graphite. A great variety of organic polymers may be used, such as epoxy, thermoplastics and thermoset resins. Depending on the form of the intercalated graphite, fabrication techniques of extrusion, lay-up, injection molding and pressing can be employed to fabricate the parts from these composites. A wide spectrum of properties is available from this type of composite in terms of strength and conductivity which will be useful for such widely ranging applications as aircraft structures and shielding for electronic equipment.

Abstract: A method of preparing a solid current collector containing carbon and metal for use in an electrochemical cell comprising a consummable metal anode, a liquid cathode and said current collector, said method comprising providing a solution of a salt of said metal, wetting carbon with said solution, removing the solvent and exposing the solid composition of carbon and metal salt to a reducing atmosphere to reduce the metal ions to elemental metal.

Abstract: Electrically conductive articles which comprise a non-conductive matrix containing an electrically conductive dispersion of finely divided ferroalloy, silicon alloy, or mixtures thereof, are described. Compositions for making the articles utilizing various non-conductive materials e.g., plastics, ceramics, and glass, are also described.

Abstract: The formation of improved intercalated graphitic carbon fibers of further diminished electrical resistivity (i.e., increased electrical conductivity) is made possible. Not only is the specific electrical resistivity of the resulting fibers reduced (e.g., to extremely low levels no greater than that of copper in preferred embodiments), but the desirable tensile properties of the fibers are maintained at a satisfactory level even after intercalation. A carbonaceous fibrous material containing the usual turbostratic graphitic carbon which is derived from an acrylonitrile homopolymer or a closely related copolymer (as defined) is selected and is structurally modified in a manner which has been found to render it particularly suited for intercalation as evidenced by a further reduction in the electrical resistivity of the resulting intercalated fibrous material while retaining other desirable properties.

Abstract: A method of making an electrode for an electrochemical cell in which particulate electrode-active material is mixed with a liquid organic carrier chemically inert with respect to the electrode-active material, mixing the liquid carrier to form an extrudable slurry. The liquid carrier is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 50 percent by volume of the slurry, and then the carrier is removed from the slurry leaving the electrode-active material.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for enhancing the electrical conductivity of conductive composite materials and the product of the process are disclosed. An electric current is caused to flow in the composite to drive down the resistivity to levels of 10 ohm-cm or less.

Abstract: Electrically conductive carbon compositions are disclosed which are formed from carbon having a graphite-like structure and a nitrosyl or nitronium salt or salts. The nitrosyl or nitronium salt reacts with the carbon to intercalate it with charge-exchange atoms or molecules. Binary, ternary and multi-intercalated lamellar compositions are produced according to the particular reaction process selected. The compositions may be used alone as electrical conductors or may be combined in a matrix to form composite conductors.

Abstract: An electrically conductive silicone rubber composition having a positive, non-linear, temperature coefficient of resistance and which is substantially non-conductive at a temperature above a predetermined transition temperature, the composition comprising up to 25% based on total material weight of conducting carbon black, from 29% to 62% based on total material weight of at least one additive having a particle size between 0.005 microns and 100 microns, being compatible with the rubber, and having a melting point above the curing temperature of the rubber.

Abstract: A method of producing a graphite-based conductive coating composition to be applied to the interior wall of a color picture (cathode-ray) tube, which method comprises the steps of preparing a mixed solution of electroconductive materials by mixing graphite particles, a metal oxide and a surface treating agent with water, producing an electroconductive powder by instantaneously drying said mixed solution, and mixing said electroconductive powder with a silicate and a dispersant in water and stirring the mixture. Said metal oxide, which is a component of said mixed solution, is preferably titanium oxide and the like and said surface treating agent is preferably silicon oxide. It is also desirable that said mixed solution of electroconductive materials be dried instantaneously by spray drying.

Abstract: A cathode component for a Hall aluminum cell is economically produced from a mixture of a carbon source, preferably calcined petroleum coke, and optionally calcined acicular needle petroleum coke, calcined anthracite coal; a binder such as pitch including the various petroleum and coal tar pitches; titanium dioxide, TiO.sub.2 ; and boric acid, B.sub.2 O.sub.3 or boron carbide, B.sub.4 C; forming said mixture into shapes and heating to a TiB.sub.2 -forming temperature.

Abstract: Preparation of new, useful and novel highly electro-conductive polymer compositions via the dispersion of electrically conductive particulates in conjunction with small proportions of certain organo aluminates, titanates and/or zirconates in polymeric substrates is hereinafter described. Further the production of heretofore unknown classes of organo aluminates, titanates and zirconates useful in the practice of this invention is disclosed and generically useful subclasses of these compounds defined. Advantages other than improved electrical conductivity of the resultant composites, i.e., process and physical property improvements are also documented for compositions containing said additives and particulate materials and/or composites in polymeric dispersions, and/or compositions of said particulates with said organic aluminates, titanates and zirconates.

Abstract: A novel intercalation compound of a graphite with a thiazyl salt represented by the formula Z.S.sub.4 N.sub.4.2SbCl.sub.5 wherein Z stands for C.sub.24, pyrolytic carbon or pyrolytic graphite is prepared by reacting a graphite material with trithiazyl trichloride and antimony trichloride in the presence of a non-polar solvent. The graphite intercalation compound thus obtained has not only an excellent stability to humidity or moisture but also a high electrical conductivity. The novel intercalation compound according to the present invention may be practically used as a novel electrically conductive material and a catalyst of organic reactions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing battery paste for battery plate grids which includes the steps of feeding measured quantities of lead powder, water and dilute sulfuric acid to a power driven mixer, measuring the power input to the power mixer drive and adding water to the mixture until the power input is at a predetermined value. The apparatus includes a stationary mixer, an agitator in the mixer, a power drive for the agitator and power measuring means for measuring the power input to the power drive for moving the agitator through the paste mixture.

Abstract: A process for treating non-stoichiometric cathode material such as iron sulfide, manganese dioxide, titanium disulfide and the like comprising treating a cathode pellet of said cathode material with a solution of an active compound of an active metal (e.g. butyl lithium) to reduce impurities in the material and surface quantities of the cathode material.

Abstract: A glass composition is disclosed that is useful as a solder glass for sealing components together. However, the glass is also especially adapted for use as an electric resistance film for coating the inner neck or funnel portions of a cathode ray tube to reduce arcing. The glass composition includes primarily the oxides of vanadium and phosphorous with the preferred addition of either zinc oxide or lead oxide. Still other metal oxides may be optionally included such as oxides of barium, antimony, lithium, manganese, silicon, boron, molybdenum and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Chloro-hydrocarbons are used as pitch binder modifiers to improve the strength, density and electrical properties of carbon and graphite articles produced from carbonaceous particles, binders, and additives, and are particularly useful in manufacture of electrodes used in ultra high powered electric arc steel furnaces.

Abstract: The invention is a cathodic reactant for alkaline primary cells. It comprises intimately intermixed finely divided potassium permanganate and graphite, having added thereto a substantial quantity of powdered lithium hydroxide.

Abstract: A method and composition for deodorizing rugs is provided herein by applying a non-free flowing powder-fragrance composition onto a carpet and subsequently removing the composition, preferably by vacuuming. The invention also includes a package in the form of a shakeable canister for applying to rugs the aforementioned non-free flowing powder-fragrance composition. The non-free flowing powdered composition is made up of essentially an inorganic salt, such as sulfate, a chloride or bicarbonate or mixtures thereof, a fragrance, an antistatic and rheological control agent selected from natural and synthetic zeolites, and a liquid agglomerating agent. The composition exhibits stable non-free flowing properties, even at elevated temperatures, over a long period of time.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive conductor consists essentially of (I) an electrically insulating rubber (excluding addition reaction type liquid silicone rubber), (II) 25 to 50% by volume of electrically conductive metal particles (preferably 40 to 200.mu. in particle size) and (III) 5 to 20% by volume of carbon black, and having a JIS A hardness of at least 40. Said conductor may optionally contain (IV) 0.1 to 5% by volume of a mono-, di- or trialkyl titanate. This pressure sensitive conductor has high mechanical strength, a rapid electrical response to deformations, a low hysteresis of the electrical resistance variation on application and release of pressure, and minimized change of the pressure-resistivity curve under repeated deformations.

Abstract: Heating unit capable of generating heat upon the passing of an electric current, which comprises a matrix of a hardened hydraulic material and electrically conductive fibers dispersed therein in an amount sufficient to impart electric conductivity and a method for producing the heating unit, which comprises kneading a hydraulic material, water and conductive fibers, optionally molding the kneaded mixture, and then hardening the mixture. The heating unit can be used in various applications such as general household applications, civil engineering applications, industrial applications and railroad applications.

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride base molding compositions containing conductive carbon particles which have been treated with a fatty acid chloride have reduced melt viscosities, improved processabilities, and increased electrical conductivities, as well as improved dispersion of the carbon particles in the molding compositions. High density information discs having improved playback performance can be readily molded from these compositions.

Abstract: An electrically conductive composition is provided which comprises an intercalation compound of (1) graphite, (2) fluorosulfonic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, or mixtures thereof, and (3) a boron trihalide, a tetrahalide of a Group IV element, a pentahalide of a Group V element, or mixtures thereof. The graphite may be in any one of a variety of physical configurations, e.g. as particulate crystals or present in a carbonaceous fibrous material, at the time of the intercalation reaction. The resulting graphite intercalation compound possesses advantageous electrical conductivity characteristics not possessed by plain graphite and is capable of utilization as a light weight electrical conductor. The graphite intercalation compound may optionally be provided within a metal matrix (e.g. within elemental copper) to form an electrically conductive composite article.

Abstract: A furnace having a body in which electrically resistive material is positioned between two electrodes so that heat can be generated by passing a current through the material. The resistive material is a mixture of carbonized plant material and a non-organic material that acts as a insulator at low temperatures and acts as a conductor or semi-conductor at high temperatures.

Abstract: A method of protecting carbon-containing component parts of metallurgical units from oxidation comprises impregnating a component part with orthophosphoric acid to form a glassy mass in the pores of the component part when the latter is heated, drying the component part until the moisture is removed from the pores thereof, additionally impregnating the component part with an elemental organic compound comprising an element: Si, or Ti, or Al and capable of forming a phosphate, and heating the impregnated component part to the temperature at which phosphates are formed.

Abstract: A method for producing electrically conductive zinc oxide comprising calcining zinc oxide under an ambient atmosphere in a vessel at a temperature from about 800.degree. to about 1100.degree. C. in a mixture thereof with aluminum oxide or a precursor thereof convertible into the oxide under the conditions of treatment in an amount of about 0.05 to about 5 moles based on aluminum atom therein in relation to 100 moles of zinc oxide in the presence of solid carbon. A further improvement in the method comprises mixing zinc oxide with aluminum oxide powder of not more than about 20 millimicrons in average particle size in the dry form to provide a feed mixture, and calcining the mixture, to provide a highly conductive form of zinc oxide.

Abstract: An electrically conductive composition and method for making same is disclosed. The composition includes a uniform mixture of electrically conductive particles comprising pyrolytic carbon doped or coated with a component taken from Group III-VIII elements of the Periodic Table and a curable, non-conducting polymer binder.

Abstract: Electrically conductive articles which comprise a non-conductive matrix containing an electrically conductive dispersion of finely divided ferroalloy, silicon alloy, or mixtures thereof, are described. Compositions for making the articles utilizing various non-conductive materials, e.g., plastics, ceramics, and glass, are also described.

Abstract: Finely divided carbon in emulsion in an organic silicate is silk screened onto a substrate to form conductive elements for a fluorescent display device which, when baked, provides a willing host surface upon which a phosphor coating is applied. In one embodiment of the invention, a metallic oxide is mixed with the finely divided carbon.

Abstract: This invention provides novel electrode formulations which consist of solid carbonaceous filler, binder pitch, and an additive selected from phosphorus-containing and boron-containing compounds such as phosphorous pentoxide and boric acid.

Abstract: Non-sintered PTFE-bound electrodes for alkaline storage batteries are made by coagulating polytetrafluoroethylene (i.e. PTFE) particles from an aqueous dispersion thereof to form a gelatinous coagulum, mechanically dispersing the coagulum in water such that the coagulum is subdivided into small, sticky clots of PTFE particles which are suspended in the water, mixing the suspension with comminuted electrochemically active material to form a slurry of active material and active-material-coated clots, filtering the slurry to separate the solids (i.e. as a filter cake) therefrom, integrating (e.g. sandwiching) an electrically conductive current collector with the filter cake, compressing the thusly formed composite, and drying the compress.