Abstract: A heat storage material is disclosed having a melting transition temperature below 5.degree. C. The invented material comprises ethylene diamine in a mixture with noncorrosive, high heat of fusion material or materials soluble therein, so that the invented material is noncorrosive to standard metal tubing refrigeration systems.

Abstract: A synthetic oil having excellent oxidation stability, comprising a mixture of monoalkylnaphthalenes which have each a secondary alkyl group of 6 to 24 carbon atoms and in which the specific molar ratio of .alpha.- to .beta.-substituted monalkylnaphthalenes is at least 1.0. The synthetic oil is useful as a thermal medium oil or as the main component of a synthetic lubricating oil.

Abstract: Oil-in-alcohol microemulsion-containing composition concentrate stabilized by at least one emulsifier and containing at least one organic hydrophobizing agent having a metal adsorbing moiety therein. The composition concentrate, when diluted with water, is useful in automotive coolant systems as an antifreeze.

Abstract: Substantially oil-free aqueous industrial fluids possess superior lubricating and wear preventing characteristics and are useful as hydraulic fluids and metalworking compositions. Fluids of the invention comprise (1) an aqueous liquid and (2) a water-soluble synthetic addition copolymer of a poly-2-oxazoline or a poly-2-oxazine.The industrial fluids exhibit good Newtonian behavior and mechanical stability at high shear.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the application of a non aqueous fluid as heat transfer agent in cooling circuits or heat exchanger heating circuits, this application being characterized in that the non aqueous fluid comprising one or more alkleneglycol monoethers of the general formulaeR.sup.1 O(CH.sub.2 CHR.sup.2 O).sub.m Hin which m is an integer equal to 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical comprising a number of carbon atoms from 4 to 8 where m=1 , or from 1 to 5 where m=2, and R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical. The present invention also relates to new compositions based essentially on alkyleneglycol monoether or monoethers, mixed with diols and/or other alkyleneglycol monoethers.

Abstract: Thermally stable heat transfer fluids are disclosed which are polyoxyethylene polymers initiated with bisphenols. These polymers do not smoke excessively, volatilize, nor form sludge in high temperature heat transfer operations in open and closed systems.

Abstract: An electrorheological fluid which comprises a liquid continuous phase and, dispersed therein, at least one dispersed phase and which is capable of functioning as such when at least the dispersed phase is substantially anhydrous.

Abstract: Oil-in-alcohol microemulsion-containing composition concentrate containing oil-soluble corrosion inhibitor. The composition concentrate, when diluted with water, is useful in automotive coolant systems as an antifreeze.

Abstract: This invention relates to thickened high-viscosity water based hydraulic fluids. Such fluids are prepared by blending water, organic thickener and conventional hydraulic fluid additives. Organic thickeners tend to lose their thickening effect with time, and particularly when subjected to oxidizing agents, heat, prolonged use in a pump, etc. In accordance with the instant invention, preservation of the thickener, particularly with respect to viscosity loss, is achieved by blending with the final fluid a fluid concentrate, or the thickener itself, a compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, propylene glycol polymers and copolymers containing at least 50 percent by weight of oxypropylene groups, a dimercaptothiadiazole, neodecanoic acid, a hindered phenol antioxidant and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The working fluid for traction drive comprises (A) a compound having, in a molecule, two decahydronaphthalene rings bonded either directly to each other or to the same or different carbon atoms in an alkane molecule or a compound having, in a molecule, one decahydronaphthalene ring and one cyclohexane ring bonded either directly to each other or to the same carbon atom in an alkane molecule and (B) a compound having two cyclohexane rings bonded either to the terminal carbon atoms of a C.sub.2-3 alkane molecule or to the carbon atoms of cyclopentane. The working fluid has a high traction coefficient with stability over a wide range of temperature, especially, in low temperatures.

Abstract: This invention relates to synthetic polyether thickeners and thickened aqueous systems containing them. The thickeners are unique because they can be used in aqueous systems at less than ten percent weight concentration which will flow in a Vickers 104(C) Vane pump at use temperatures. These properties make them particularly useful for thickening hydraulic fluids used in high pressure vane and gear pumps. The thickeners are prepared by reacting conventional polyether polyols with alpha-olefin epoxides having an average of 6 to 12 total carbon atoms to obtain products with specific epoxide-to-hydroxyl ratios.

Abstract: Polyethers having molecular weights of about 1000 to about 75,000 modified with alpha-olefin oxides having about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms exhibit increased thickening efficiency in aqueous systems. About 1 to about 20 percent by weight based upon the weight of the polyether is required, the proportion of alpha-olefin oxide modifier varying inversely with the molecular weight of the polyether. Modified polyethers, processes for the preparation of thickened aqueous systems, and thickened aqueous compositions are disclosed. The modified polyether thickening agents of the invention are particularly useful for thickening water or water-glycol mixtures which are useful as hydraulic fluids.

Abstract: A thermal medium oil comprising at least one monosubstituted naphthalene derivative such as .beta.-(1,1-dimethyloctyl) naphthalene, .beta.-(1,1-dimethylhexyl) naphthalene and 2-t.-amylnaphthalene.

Abstract: Polyethers having molecular weights of about 1000 to about 75,000 modified with alpha-olefin oxides having about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms exhibit increased thickening efficiency in aqueous systems. About 1 to about 20 percent by weight based upon the weight of the polyether is required, the proportion of alpha-olefin oxide modifier varying inversely with the molecular weight of the polyether. Modified polyethers, processes for the preparation of thickened aqueous systems, and thickened aqueous compositions are disclosed. The modified polyether thickening agents of the invention are particularly useful for thickening water or water-glycol mixtures which are useful as hydraulic fluids.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor for use in water and liquid alcohol antifreeze/coolant compositions comprising the combination of a C.sub.5 -C.sub.16 aliphatic monobasic acid or the alkali metal, ammonium, or amine salt of said acid, a C.sub.5 -C.sub.16 hydrocarbyl dibasic acid or the alkali metal, ammonium, or amine salt of said acid, and a hydrocarbyl triazole gives synergistic corrosion protection to metal surfaces as compared with formulations containing either the monoacid or diacid component alone, or formulations containing other conventional corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: A method of indirect liquid phase heat transfer which comprises continuously circulating between a heat generating and a heating source or water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer having a viscosity of less than about 100 centistokes at 100.degree. F., of the formula:R(OAR').sub.xwhereinR is a C.sub.5 to C.sub.36 linear branched or alicyclic aliphatic hydrocarbyl group;O is oxygen;A is a polyoxyalkylene residue having oxyalkylene units derived from ethylene oxide or ethylene oxide and at least one other lower alkylene oxide having 3 or 4 carbon atoms;R' is hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alkyl group or nonbornyl; andx is an integer having a value of 1 to 6, wherein for values of x greater than 1 each AR' may be the same or different.

Abstract: Wide range heat-transfer fluids can be made by mixing methyl and/or ethyl biphenyls with diethylbenzenes. The fluids can be used at temperatures down to -20.degree. F. (-29.degree. C.).

Abstract: A method of indirect liquid phase heat transfer utilizing as a heat transfer fluid a composition comprising polytetra(methylene oxide) or poly(trimethylene oxide) homopolymers having molecular weights of from about 300 to about 1,000.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for cooling an internal combustion engine with an oil-in-alcohol containing consolute antifreeze composition.

Abstract: A traction drive fluid composition comprising the principal component of at least one component represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are each a hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and 1, m and n are each 1 to 3, said compound (I) comprising a mixture of 70% or less of the cis-form and 30% or more of the trans-form.

Abstract: Water soluble thickeners made by alkoxylating monohydric alcohol hydrophobes are described. The monohydric alcohol should have at least 18 carbon atoms to be properly hydrophobic. In addition, a large proportion of ethylene oxide must be added, such that the molar ratio of ethylene oxide to monohydric alcohol hydrophobe is at least 40:1. Improved results are obtained if 8-15 moles of propylene oxide are added as a block to the single mole of hydrophobe first. The alkoxylations are necessary to provide the desired viscosities and hydrophilic nature. These thickeners are particularly useful in the glycol-water based fluids of this invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel compound 1-cyclohexyl-1,4-dimethyl decahydronaphthalene which is useful as fluids for traction drive. The compound can be synthesized by the hydrogenation of 1,4-dimethyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene and analytical results for the identification of the compound are given.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel class of compounds dicyclohexylcyclopentanes or, in particular, 1,3-dicyclohexyl-1-methyl cyclopentane which is synthesized by the hydrogenation of 1-methyl-1,3-diphenyl cyclopentane which in turn is obtained by the dimerization reaction of .alpha.-methylstyrene in the presence of metallic sodium as the catalyst. The compound is useful as a fluid for traction drive.

Abstract: Potable (drinking) water systems of recreational vehicles, boats, vacation homes, and the like, need to be protected against freezing during periods of non-use during the cold winter season. Typical propylene glycol antifreeze additives are effective but expensive. It has been found that use of an inhibitor solution based on food-grade corn syrup effectively boosts the effectiveness of propylene glycol so that as little as 19% plus or minus 0.25% by liquid volume is optimally used together with about 10% of a food-grade corn syrup in an anti-freeze solution for -50% protection. This is a more economical and effective system than previously known in commercialized systems heretofore maintained as trade secrets by the inventors and the assignee.

Abstract: A new solvent comprising a mixture of dialkyl ethers of polyalkylene glycols of the formula: CH.sub.3 O (C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O) x CH.sub.3 wherein x is 3 to 8 and having a molecular weight of 200 to 255 is disclosed. This solvent system is particularly suitable for use in removing acidic components from gas mixtures in subfreezing temperatures.

Abstract: The use of methylene azelaic acid having the formula CH.sub.2 .dbd.C--[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --COOH].sub.2 or an alkali metal salt thereof in glycol and water based automotive antifreeze formulations is described. Unlike natural dicarboxylic acids such as sebacic acid, methylene azelaic acid does not form a precipitate and drop out of solution, rendering the antifreeze unprotected against corrosion. The methylene azelaic acid component should be present in an amount of from 1.5 to 4.5 wt. % based on the glycol component.

Abstract: The present invention discloses composite material for thermal energy storage based upon polyhydric alcohols, such as pentaerythritol, trimethylol ethane (also known as pentaglycerine), neopentyl glycol and related compounds including trimethylol propane, monoaminopentaerythritol, diamino-pentaerythritol and tris(hydroxymethyl)acetic acid, separately or in combinations, which provide reversible heat storage through crystalline phase transformations. These phase change materials do not become liquid during use and are in contact with at least one material selected from the group consisting of metals, carbon siliceous, plastic, cellulosic, natural fiber, artificial fiber, concrete, gypsum, porous rock, and mixtures thereof. Particulate additions, such as aluminum or graphite powders, as well as metal and carbon fibers can also be incorporated therein. Particulate and/or fibrous additions can be introduced into molten phase change materials which can then be cast into various shapes.

Abstract: An improved dewatering agent for aqueous slurries of mineral concentrates comprising branched dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid used alone or in combination with sodium xylene sulphonate.

Abstract: An antifreezing agent used in an aqueous medium system comprising a protein which is enzymatically modified with covalent incorporation of an amino acid ester. The antifreezing agent can keep an unfrozen state of the system down to -10.degree. C., and does not exert any harmful effect to biological bodies.

Abstract: A composition comprising:(A) a first component selected from the group consisting of:(i) an oil-soluble ethylene backbone polymer having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to about 50,000;(ii) a hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol of the formula(R*).sub.a --Ar--(OH).sub.

Abstract: A composition comprising:(A) a first component selected from the group consisting of:(i) an oil-soluble ethylene backbone polymer having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to about 50,000;(ii) a hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol of the formula(R*).sub.a --Ar--(OH).sub.

Abstract: A traction drive fluid is described, containing as the base stock a compound represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein all the symbols are as defined in the appended claims. This traction drive fluid has a high traction coefficient, has a good thermal stability, is of low viscosity, is of low volatility and further is reduced in temperature dependency of viscosity. Thus it is suitable for use in continuously variable transmission of cars or industrial machines.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water-based functional fluid thickened by an associative polyether thickener whose thickening ability is enhanced by the addition of certain quaternary ammonium salts.

Abstract: Non-flammable hydraulic fluids which are particularly useful for replacing existing hydraulic fluids in hydraulic systems employing acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and Viton or PNF seals are disclosed. The non-flammable hydraulic fluids of the present invention comprise a fluorinated chlorotrifluoroethylene oil, an aliphatic ester, a liquid polyester or polyether, a hydrocarbon oil having a low wax content, and a phenolic antioxidant. The chlorotrifluoroethylene oil is present in an amount of at least about 75% by volume of the hydraulic fluid. Such hydraulic fluids are useful in applications where the flammability of existing fluids poses a significant risk of combustion or explosion due to the possibility of leakage of the fluid from the hydraulic system.

Abstract: A process for improving traction coefficient of traction drive fluid at high temperatures by using a compound represented by the general formulae (I), (II) or (III) as a base stock of traction drive fluid, ##STR1## (All the symbols are as defined in the appended claims). This process is helpful for reducing the change of traction coefficients over a wide range of from low temperature to high temperature.

Abstract: A fluid for traction drive is described, containing a liquid material as a base stock wherein the liquid material is prepared by bringing naphthalene or tetralin into contact with a Friedel-Crafts catalyst and then hydrogenating the resulting compounds. This traction drive fluid exhibits a superior traction coefficient from low temperature to elevated temperature and further has a low viscosity. Thus the fluid contributes to the production of small-sized drive mechanisms and can be widely used in various machines.

Abstract: Useful hydraulic fluids having low temperature properties comparable to MIL-H-5606 fluids but exhibiting markedly superior fire resistance due to their higher flash points are obtained by blending a two centistoke synthetic hydrocarbon oil obtained from the oligomerization of alpha-olefins with a mono- or diester and polymethacrylate viscosity index improver. The fluids of this invention typically have -65.degree. F. viscosities less than 3000 centistokes, 210.degree. F. viscosities of 3.45 or above, and flash points above 320.degree. F. and are readily formulated with conventional additives.

Abstract: Electroviscous (EV) fluids consisting of solid hydrophilic particles dispersed in hydrophobic liquids, where the liquid contains a diaryl derivative component of general formula I ##STR1## in which R is CY.sub.2,O,S,SO,SO.sub.2,SiF.sub.2, or O--SiY.sub.2 --O,X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are halogens, (m+n) is between 1 and 3 on average, and (p+q) is between 0 and 1 on average. EV fluids containing these novel components possess generally improved properties in terms of lower viscosities, electrical conductivities, toxicities and freezing points. In a preferred embodiment, the component is a mixture of brominated diphenyl methanes in which R is CH.sub.2,n=O,X.sup.1 =Br,(m+n) is approximately one, and (p+q)=0.

Abstract: A wire rope for use in a traction type elevator system is coated with a soft-solid agent or a greasy agent having a drip temperature higher than 55.degree. C. and exhibiting physical properties such that it is evaporated in an amount less than 1 weight percent at 105.degree. C. for an interval of eight hours and elevates the coefficient of friction or traction between the wire rope and the drive sheave when coated on the wire rope.

Abstract: Certain spirocyclic ketals of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 in the case where R.sup.2 denotes hydrogen, represents a cyclohexyl radical optionally substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and/or cycloalkyl with 5 to 7 carbon atoms, or in whichR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are linked through 4 methylene groups, which are optionally substituted by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and/or cycloalkyl with 5 to 7 carbon atoms and form a further acyclic ring.R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and denote hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or cycloalkyl with 5 to 7 carbon atoms, andZ denotes alkylene with 2 to 4 carbon atoms which is optionally substituted by lower alkyl and/or cycloalkyl with 5 to 7 carbon atoms,are disclosed together with their use in power transmission fluids.

Abstract: In accordance with the instant invention, a water-based hydraulic fluid, having improved anti-wear and corrosion inhibition properties can be obtained by blending neodecanoic acid with a conventional water-based hydraulic fluid composition.

Abstract: Substantially oil-free aqueous industrial fluids possess superior lubricating and wear preventing characteristics and are useful as hydraulic fluids and metalworking compositions. Fluids of the invention comprise (1) an aqueous liquid and (2) a water-soluble synthetic addition copolymer of (a) an ethylenically unsaturated crosslinking monomer, (b) an ethylenically unsaturated water-soluble monomer, and (c) an ethylenically unsaturated water-insoluble monomer.The industrial fluids exhibit good Newtonian behavior and mechanical stability at high shear.

Abstract: A hydraulic fluid which contains 100 parts by weight of polyisobutylene, 3 to 15 parts by weight of butylstearate and 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of palm seed oil. It shows good compatibility with newly rolled aluminum surfaces and is therefore particularly suitable for feeding hydrostatic means of supporting rolls for roll-forming aluminum and aluminum alloys.

Abstract: Gelation resistant alcohol compositions containing water-soluble silicates are obtained by the use of effective silicate gelation stabilizing amounts of at least one of a polymer of acrylic acid, alkaline earth metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof; a sugar alcohol; and a water-soluble salt of molybdic, tungstic, or selenic acids.

Abstract: An electroviscous (EV) fluid composition whose fluid properties are altered in the presence of an electric field comprises water-containing particles of a phenol-formaldehyde polymer dispersed in a non-conducting liquid. The composition, selected from the broad range of fluid compositions of UK Pat. No. 1570234, possesses improved fluid properties combined with markedly reduced electrical conductivity, and is thus more suitable for use in applications such as at the interface between electronics and power hydraulics for example.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the polymer comprises the dilithium salt of 2,2', 4,4' tetrahydroxybenzophenone condensed with formaldehyde, dispersed at 30% V/V in a mixture of brominated diphenyl methane (BDM) liquid components having the averaged formula C.sub.6 H.sub.4 Br.CH.sub.2.C.sub.6 H.sub.5.

Abstract: Substantially oil-free aqueous industrial fluids possess superior lubricating and wear preventing characteristics and are useful as hydraulic fluids and metalworking compositions. Fluids of the invention comprise (1) an aqueous liquid and (2) a water-soluble synthetic addition copolymer of (a) an ethylenically unsaturated polyalkyleneoxy containing monomer, (b) an ethylenically unsaturated water-soluble monomer and, optionally, (c) an ethylenically unsaturated water-insoluble monomer.The industrial fluids exhibit good Newtonian behavior and mechanical stability at higher shear.

Abstract: Substantially oil-free aqueous industrial fluids possess superior lubricating and wear preventing characteristics and are useful as hydraulic fluids and metalworking compositions. Fluids of the invention comprise (1) an aqueous liquid and (2) a water-soluble synthetic addition polymer of (a) an ethylenically unsaturated crosslinking monomer, (b) an ethylenically unsaturated water-soluble monomer, (c) an ethylenically unsaturated water-insoluble monomer and (d) an ethylenically unsaturated polyalkyleneoxy-containing monomer.The industrial fluids exhibit good Newtonian behavior and mechanical stability at high shear.

Abstract: A composition suitable for use as a hydraulic fluid comprises:(a) a lubricating oil preferably in an amount of from 20 to 80% by weight;(b) a minor amount of oil-soluble borate ester;(c) an amine which prevents deposition of oil-insoluble hydrolysis products of the borate ester; and optionally(d) an oil soluble orthoester of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 are specified groups.

Abstract: Polypropylene glycol dielectric fluids are used to impregnate electrical capacitors and particularly metallized capacitors for improved performance.

Abstract: A composition of matter particularly suitable for heat absorption and exchange comprising a mixture of soft commercial asphalt, oil, a finely ground heat-conductive material of high specific gravity in suspension and, in preferred embodiments, finely ground rock salt in suspension. Mineral oil is preferred as the oil. However, vegetable oil or other low-molecular-weight polymeric oils are suitable. Iron, barite, and galena of a fineness of at least 325 mesh exemplify suitable material.