Abstract: An antifreeze composition having improved thermal stability is provided. In one embodiment, the antifreeze concentrate composition comprises from 50 to 99 wt. % of a glycol-based freezing point depressant selected from the group of: alkylene glycols, glycol monoethers, glycerins, and mixtures thereof; 0.01 to 10 wt. % of at least one of a 2-ethylhexanoic acid, isononanoic acid and 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid; and 0.01 to 5 wt. % of at least one of octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, neodecanoic acid, benzoic acid, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-terbutylbenzoic acid, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the composition is employed as a concentrate in admixture with 10 to 90 wt. % water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of simultaneously stabilizing an engine coolant concentrate and preventing hard water salt formation upon dilution of the coolant concentrate with hard water. The method comprises making a stabilized concentrate by adding to a coolant concentrate at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of polyacrylate polymers of the formula: where Rl is H; R4 is a terminating group; X is and R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and the sum of m and n provide a number average equivalent weight of less than 6500, and a number average molecular weight of less than 6500, the concentrate comprising 90 or more wt % freezing point depressant and then diluting the stabilized coolant concentrate with hard water to provide a final coolant composition.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a corrosion inhibiting composition is formed by combining: (a) an inorganic phosphate; (b) a water soluble polyelectrolyte polymer dispersant; (c) a tri or tetracarboxylic acid; and (d) at least one additional component comprising at least one of a C4-C22 aliphatic or aromatic mono- or dicarboxylic acid, a silicate and at least one of a silicone or a silicate stabilizing siloxane compound, and mixtures thereof. Also disclosed are heat transfer fluids that include about 5% to about 99% by weight of freezing point-depressing agent; about 1% to about 95% by weight of water; and the disclosed corrosion inhibitor composition. A method of reducing corrosion in a heat transfer system containing one or more components that contain magnesium or a magnesium alloy requires that the system and the magnesium containing components be in contact with the disclosed heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: A heat transfer fluid with carbon nanocapsules. The heat transfer fluid comprises a fluid and a plurality of carbon nanocapsules, uniformly dispersed in the fluid, in an amount of 0.05 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the heat transfer fluid. Particularly, the carbon nanocapsules are modified to bond with at least one kind of functional group, improving dispersiblity in the fluid. Thus, since the carbon nanocapsules are apt to disperse in fluid and have superior thermal conductivity, the heat conduction capability of the heat transfer fluid therewith is enhanced.

Abstract: Carboxylate salts of amines are used as components of heat exchange fluids. The amines may have a ratio of N to C of 1:0 to 1:12 and the carboxylate anion may be derived from an acid of the formula H(CH2)0-3COOH. A preferred monoamine heat exchange fluid utilizes triethanolamine formate. Lower carboxylate salts of diamines and triamines having the formula R2[N[(CH2)mNR]1-2]R where each R is independently selected from moieties of the formula —CnH2n+1 and moieties of the formula H[O(CH2)1-4]—, each m is independently a number from 1 to 6, and each n is a number from 1 to 4, are disclosed as compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous antifreeze composition comprising 10 to 50% by weight of one or more dicarboxylic acids, preferably aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the form of the alkali metal, ammonium or alkaline earth metal salt. Preferably, these salts are used in combination with at least one further substance. This gives antifreeze compositions with a good frost protective action, good heat conductivity and good protection against corrosion.

Abstract: A conductive composition includes a mono-acid hybrid that includes an unprotected, single reactive group. The mono-acid hybrid may include substantially non-reactive groups elsewhere such that the mono-acid hybrid is functional as a chain terminator. Methods and devices using the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a highly thermal conductive compound which has a high thermal conductivity, has a high consistency and a good coating workableness, and is excellent in thermal stability at a high temperature. A highly thermal conductive compound containing (A) 85 to 97% by mass of an inorganic powder filler, (B) 2 to 15% by mass of a base oil, and (C) 0.001 to 10% by mass of a compound represented by Y—(—R2—COO—)n—R1—X (wherein R1 and R2 each is a bivalent hydrocarbon group having a linear or branched chain having 1 to 36 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 15, X and Y each is at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group and a hydroxyl group or a hydrogen atom, and at least one of X and Y is a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group; in the case where n is 2 to 15, the moiety of (—R2—COO—)n in the formula (1) may be a copolymer group composed of two or more constitutional units (—R2—COO—) wherein R2 is a bivalent hydrocarbon group different from one another).

Abstract: In one embodiment, a corrosion inhibiting composition is formed by combining: (a) an inorganic phosphate; (b) a water soluble polyelectrolyte polymer dispersant; (c) a tri or tetracarboxylic acid; and (d) at least one additional component comprising at least one of a C4-C22 aliphatic or aromatic mono- or dicarboxylic acid, a silicate and at least one of a silicone or a silicate stabilizing siloxane compound, and mixtures thereof. Also disclosed are heat transfer fluids that include about 5% to about 99% by weight of freezing point-depressing agent; about 1% to about 95% by weight of water; and the disclosed corrosion inhibitor composition. A method of reducing corrosion in a heat transfer system containing one or more components that contain magnesium or a magnesium alloy requires that the system and the magnesium containing components be in contact with the disclosed heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a corrosion inhibiting composition is formed by combining: (a) an inorganic phosphate; (b) a water soluble polyelectrolyte polymer dispersant; (c) a tri or tetracarboxylic acid; and (d) at least one additional component comprising at least one of a C4-C22 aliphatic or aromatic mono- or dicarboxylic acid, a silicate and at least one of a silicone or a silicate stabilizing siloxane compound, and mixtures thereof. Also disclosed are heat transfer fluids that include about 5% to about 99% by weight of freezing point-depressing agent; about 1% to about 95% by weight of water; and the disclosed corrosion inhibitor composition. A method of reducing corrosion in a heat transfer system containing one or more components that contain magnesium or a magnesium alloy requires that the system and the magnesium containing components be in contact with the disclosed heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: Disclosed is an antifreeze composition comprising a) a water soluble liquid alcohol freezing point depressant, b) a triazine based compound of formula I, c) a mixture of tolutriazole compounds of formulae II and III, d) 2-ethylhexanoic acid or alkali metal salts thereof, e) heptanoic acid or alkali metal salts thereof and f) water, where the compounds of formula I are where Z is a C1-C11 alkylene group, X is hydrogen or an alkali metal, R1 and R2, independently are hydrogen or methyl, R3 is a group —NR4R5 where R4 is C1-C12 alkyl or -Z-COOX and R5 is hydrogen or C1-C12 alkyl; and where the compounds of formulae II and III are

Abstract: There is provided a fluid composition including at least one hydroxy-substituted carboxylic acid. Also provided are methods of inhibiting at least one of corrosion and rust and of improving at least one of lubricity and lead compatibility. Also provided are lubricating, fuel, anticorrosion, antirust, and additive concentration compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for use of novel deicing and anti-icing compositions based on by-produce of off-specification materials from biodegradable and renewable sources and which also can be used in a variety of other services.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat-conductive adhesive with high heat spread properties and excellent handleability. A pitch-based carbon fiber filler with high thermal conductivity and a smooth surface is combined with an adhesive resin to produce a heat-conductive adhesive with controlled viscosity and excellent handleability.

Abstract: A toxicological friendly antifreeze composition having improved thermal stability is provided. In one embodiment, the antifreeze composition comprises from 5 to 80 wt. % of an aqueous freezing point depressant selected from alkali metal salts of acetates, formates, proprionates, adipiates, and succinates, and mixtures thereof, 0.1 to 10 wt. % of at least one of a 2-ethylhexanoic acid, isononanoic acid and 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid; and 0.1 to 10 wt. % of at least one of octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, neodecanoic acid, benzoic acid, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-terbutylbenzoic acid, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the composition is employed as a concentrate in admixture with 10 to 90 wt. % water. The composition may be totally free of glycol, or, in an alternate embodiment, possess a glycol:non-glycol base ratio of 1:2 to 1:20.

Abstract: A freeze-protected concentrated solution of alkali metal hydroxide comprising (a) at least 46% by weight of alkali metal hydroxide wherein at least 80% by weight of the alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide and (b) no more than 1.5% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid and its alkali metal salts, citric acid and its alkali metal salts, and triglyceride. The freeze-protected solution has a freeze point of 5° C. or less, and thus is able to withstand temperatures below the normal freeze points of concentrated alkali metal hydroxide solutions. A process to prepare of the freeze-protected solution comprises adding the additive to a concentrated alkali metal hydroxide solution.

Abstract: Thermally conductive polymer resin compositions comprising polymer, calcium fluoride, glass flake and optionally, polymeric toughening agent are particularly useful for metal/polymer hybrid parts and as encapsulants.

Abstract: A coolant comprising a nonaqueous base. A phase change material may be dispersed or a highly heat conductive material may be dispersed or dissolved in the nonaqueous base. A nonaqueous coolant for a fuel cell excellent in heat transfer characteristics is provided as a coolant for fuel cell stacks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous antifreeze composition comprising 10 to 50% by weight of one or more dicarboxylic acids, preferably aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the form of the alkali metal, ammonium or alkaline earth metal salt. Preferably, these salts are used in combination with at least one further substance. This gives antifreeze compositions with a good frost protective action, good heat conductivity and good protection against corrosion.

Abstract: Carboxylate salts of amines are used as components of heat exchange fluids. The amines may have a ratio of N to C of 1:0 to 1:12 and the carboxylate anion may be derived from an acid of the formula H(CH2)0-3COOH. A preferred monoamine heat exchange fluid utilizes triethanolamine formate. Lower carboxylate salts of diamines and triamines having the formula R2[N[(CH2)mNR]1-2]R where each R is independently selected from moieties of the formula —CnH2n+1 and moieties of the formula H[O(CH2)1-4]—, each m is independently a number from 1 to 6, and each n is a number from 1 to 4, are disclosed as compounds.

Abstract: An anti-corrosion composition for use with a liquid or the liquid resulting from the addition of components is provided. The composition can include an acid, a phosphate ester of an alcohol, an inorganic phosphate, a salt of polyacrylates and a salt of an organophosphonate. The composition can be used with anti-freeze compositions or heat transfer fluids and advantageously exhibits enhanced corrosion resistance properties. A heat transfer medium is also provide, having water, glycol, an ester of a phosphoric acid, a phosphate salt and an acid, wherein the medium is a GRAS composition capable of satisfying ASTM 1384 and 4340.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carboxylic acid based antifreeze coolant formulation for heavy duty applications such as for diesel engines which may be used for inhibition and prevention erosion and corrosion of aluminum and the corrosion of other metals exposed to an aqueous liquid in automotive coolant systems. The formulation further inhibits mineral scale. It may be packaged as an ethylene glycol based additive for use in new engines or in a concentrated inhibition package as an additive as for reinhibition of used coolant. The combination of a mixture of ethylene or propylene glycol, a monobasic carboxylic organic acid, azoles, low levels of molybdates, a nitrite salt and/or nitrate salt and/or siloxane stabilized silicate, and combinations thereof, polyvinylpyrrolidone, provide a synergistic protective effect against the cavitation corrosion of aluminum in aqueous liquids reducing the corrosion rate and is effective at relatively low concentrations and varying pH ranges.

Abstract: The present invention relates to heat-transfer concentrates for solar installations, containing a) from 92 to 99% by weight of at least one polyglycol of the formula R—O—(CH2—CH2—O)n—H, in which n is an integer of from 3 to 500 and R is H, a C1- to C4-alkyl group or an aromatic radical having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, b) from 1 to 8% by weight of at least one corrosion inhibitor, with the proviso that its content of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol is less than 0.2% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antifreeze/anticorrosion concentrates comprising from 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total amount of the concentrate, of glycerol, to processes for preparing such concentrates from superconcentrates, to aqueous coolant compositions from these concentrates, and to their use, for example in internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A heat transfer composition and methods for using same to transfer heat in a transformer. In one embodiment, a heat transfer composition has soy-based oil, an additive comprising a nano-particle size diamond powder characterized by a first mass, and a chemical agent characterized by a second mass, wherein the ratio of the second mass to the first mass is greater than one.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an improved antifreeze coolant composition with certain additives that serve to increase the thermal stability of the glycol component of a glycol/water coolant composition and to reduce the tendency of the glycol component to degrade under elevated thermal conditions. These additives comprise organic compounds with a carboxylic acid moiety and a hydroxyl moiety, and also tricarballylic acid. Another aspect of this invention concerns a method for improving the stability of the glycol component of a glycol/water coolant composition in engine cooling/heating systems by formulating a glycol/water coolant composition with the thermal stability additive to form an improved coolant composition, and contacting the engine cooling/heating system with the improved coolant composition.

Abstract: The application of carboxylate salts for storing thermal energy is disclosed. The invention is directed to methods for the storage and use of thermal energy comprising contacting mixtures of alkali metal salts or alkali earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, storing the thermal energy in the mixture, containing the mixture in a suitable heat exchange system and using the stored thermal energy in the heat exchange system.

Abstract: Deicing compositions comprised of glycerol-containing by-products of triglyceride processing processes are disclosed.

Abstract: “Disclosed is a feed water composition for boilers whose main ingredient is a purified ethylene glycol aqueous solution that is a mixture of purified ethylene glycol and pure water in a weight ratio of 70-90 : 10-30 wt %. The feed water composition comprises 92.1 to 98.8 wt % of the purified ethylene glycol aqueous solution, 0.1 to 2.0 wt % of sodium benrzoate, 0.1 to 1.5 wt % of tolyltriazole, 0.1 to 0.7 wt % of triethanol amine, 0.5 to 1.5 wt % of sodium nitrate, 0.3 to 1.2 wt % of sodium molybdate, and 0.1 to 1.0 wt % of potassium hydroxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coolant composition having a glycol as a main component, which prevents iron and aluminum from being corroded, and in particular, has excellent corrosion preventing properties for aluminum and aluminum alloys at high temperatures, and the coolant composition is characterized by containing: (a) 0.1-10 % by weight of at least one component selected from among aromatic monobasic acids and the salts thereof; (b) 0.0001-0.1 % by weight of at least one component selected from among strontium compounds, magnesium compounds and calcium compounds; and (c) 0.01-1.0 % by weight of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid or the salt thereof.

Abstract: A phosphate ester-based functional fluid composition incorporating at least one erosion inhibitor selected from the erosion inhibitors of the invention. The phosphate ester-based functional fluids are particularly useful as aviation hydraulic fluids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for increasing the stability of cooling fluid for the engine. This invention selects the most preferred conditions, e.g. the composition of the solution, pH value, means and amount of addition, and proportion of silicate added, so that the products thereof have excellent properties for inhibiting corrosion for many kinds of metals, being with low costs and good storage stability. Moreover, since this method is simple, it is easy to be put into practice and utilized.

Abstract: The present invention provides deicing compositions which are environmentally benign, a process for producing the composition from certain waste process streams, and methods of deicing and/or anti-icing.

Abstract: A heating medium composition for suppressing deterioration of both a metal piping and a synthetic resin piping. The heating medium composition contains an antifreeze ingredient, water, a corrosion inhibitor, and a surfactant. The corrosion inhibitor includes a triazole compound, and the surfactant includes an anionic surfactant. A bag in a feeder provided in a given position along a circulation piping is filled with an oxidation inhibitor. By flowing a heating medium composition through the feeder, the oxidation inhibitor is gradually dissolved in the heating medium composition.

Abstract: A coolant additive composition comprising a sustained release component and an additive component, the additive component is effective to provide at least one benefit to a coolant when released into the coolant, the sustained release component includes a polymeric material and is effective to reduce the rate of release of the additive component into the coolant relative to an identical composition without the sustained release component.

Abstract: In general this invention relates to an antifreeze composition that can be used in the cooling systems of internal combustion engines, for example, in heavy-duty diesel engines, light duty trucks and cars. The antifreeze composition can be added to water or other suitable liquid coolant in the cooling system, to lower the freezing point temperature of the coolant and inhibit corrosion of metallic components associated with the cooling system. The antifreeze composition is particularly well suited, although not exclusively, for use with hard water. The antifreeze composition includes an organic acid component comprising adipic acid and at least one of benzoic acid and one or more C9-C12 dicarboxylic acid—or salts of these acids. The antifreeze composition also includes other anti-corrosive additive, for example, molybdate, nitrite, nitrate silicate azoles and a variety of buffer agents.

Abstract: A heat transfer fluid comprising potassium formate is used to good effect in line heaters for heating natural gas in gas transmission lines, and for other uses. The solution is heated in a liquid heat transfer medium in a fluid heating zone and transferred to a gas heating zone.

Abstract: A heat transfer composition and methods for using same to transfer heat in a transformer. In one embodiment, a heat transfer composition has soy-based oil, an additive comprising a nano-particle size diamond powder characterized by a first mass, and a chemical agent characterized by a second mass, wherein the ratio of the second mass to the first mass is greater than one.

Abstract: A liquid antifreeze which is produced from renewable resources, and which is biodegradable, non-toxic, and is non-corrosive to engines is provided. The liquid antifreeze composition for use as an engine coolant in a dilute or concentrate form comprises a water soluble salt of succinic acid, a water soluble salt of acetic acid, ethanol, and water, wherein the composition has a freezing point of greater than ?30° C. in the engine. A method for cooling an engine with a cooling system which comprises the coolant compositions is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides deicing compositions which are environmentally benign, a process for producing the composition from certain waste process streams, and methods of deicing and/or anti-icing.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous composition comprising a salt of formic acid for use as a hydraulic medium in hydrostatic transmission of power.

Abstract: Disclosed are ester-containing fluid compositions, methods of making such compositions, and methods of using such compositions. The fluid compositions comprise a mix of branched and linear ester compounds, and the fluid compositions are characterized by certain performance limitations. The preferred method of making the fluid compositions enables the ester mix to be made in a one step process with little finishing required to obtain desirable performance characteristics.

Abstract: A durable antifreeze/coolant composition for coolants for the cooling systems of internal combustion engines is disclosed. The composition is excellent in inhibiting corrosion of metal portions, especially iron and aluminum portions and effectively inhibits cavitation damage. The antifreeze/coolant composition includes about 0.1-8.0% by weight of C6-C12 aliphatic dibasic acid and/or an alkali metal salt thereof and about 0.1-10% by weight of p-toluic acid and/or an alkali metal salt thereof.

Abstract: A new additive for water based metal cutting and grinding coolant comprises a combination of soybean oil and surfactant, the surfactant being a nonoxynol or alcohol based detergent that is biodegradable. The proportion of soybean oil to surfactant is adjusted for metal cutting or grinding and the proportion of additive to water is also adjusted for metal cutting or grinding. A small amount of bacteriocide may be added to the additive to avoid rancidity.

Abstract: Antifreeze concentrates are based on a mixture of at least two different C3- to C16-dicarboxylic acids, molybdate and a mixture of at least two different triazoles or thiazoles.

Abstract: A sherbet-like heat-generating composition according to the present invention includes, as requisite components, an exothermic substance suitable to react with oxygen to generate a heat, a carbon component, an oxidation promoter and water, so that the water mobility value is in a range of 7 to 50. A heater having any shape is produced from such a sherbet-like heat-generating composition at any thickness and any size by use of a molding means such as the screen printing, the coating, the transferring, the force-in die molding, the force-through die molding and the like. During the production of the heater, the generation of a dust can be prevented, and after the production, the heater has an excellent heat-generating characteristic. An initial reaction in the heater is fast and can be maintained over a long time.

Abstract: In general, this invention relates to supplemental coolant additive for use in cooling systems, for example, in diesel engine cooling systems. The supplemental coolant additive includes a C4-C6 dicarboxylic acid, preferably adipic acid, and optionally a C9-C12 aliphatic dicarboxylic acid an aromatic monocarboxylic acid, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and salts of these acids. The supplemental coolant additive also can include a variety of other additives including molybdate salts, nitrate salts, nitrite salts, silicate salts and buffering agents. The supplemental coolant additive is preferably provided as a solid additive or a liquid concentrate. The supplemental coolant additive is preferably added to the liquid coolant over time to provide increased coolant life. Further the supplemental coolant additive provides enhanced anti-corrosion protection in cooling systems that include hard water.

Abstract: Frost resistant, aqueous cooling/heating fluid containing alkali salts of acetic acid and/or formic acid and which as a corrosion inhibitor contains a mixture of a C5-C16 monocarboxylic acid or alkali-, ammonium- or amino-salts of said acid, a C5-C16 dicarboxylic acid or alkali-, ammonium- or amino-salts of said acid, and also a triazole.

Abstract: An aqueous fluid composition having a C1-C2 carboxylic acid salt and a C3-C5 carboxylic acid salt is used as a heat transfer fluid that provides improved heat transfer properties and improved corrosion protection. Such properties are desired for fluids used as an antifreeze coolant in automotive engines. The addition of a C6-C2 carboxylic acid further improves corrosion protection. The addition of hydrocarbyl triazoles or thiazoles also further improves corrosion protection. One specific embodiment of the present invention includes a solution of potassium formate, sodium propanoate, and sodium heptanoate in a weight ratio of 20:20:5, respectively, where the pH of the solution is between 8 and 9.5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carboxylic acid based antifreeze coolant formulation for heavy duty applications such as for diesel engines which may be used for inhibition and prevention erosion and corrosion of aluminum and the corrosion of other metals exposed to an aqueous liquid in automotive coolant systems. The formulation further inhibits mineral scale. It may be packaged as an ethylene glycol based additive for use in new engines or in a concentrated inhibition package as an additive as for reinhibition of used coolant. The combination of a mixture of ethylene or propylene glycol, a monobasic carboxylic organic acid, azoles, low levels of molybdates, a nitrite salt and/or nitrate salt and/or siloxane stabilized silicate, and combinations thereof, polyvinylpyrrolidone, provide a synergistic protective effect against the cavitation corrosion of aluminum in aqueous liquids reducing the corrosion rate and is effective at relatively low concentrations and varying pH ranges.