Abstract: In the production of multicolored yarn from differently colored filament bundles, the individual bundles may be texturized collectively. Then they are separated again into crimped part-threads 11.3 through 11.5 and are compacted individually in after-compacting means 8 before these part-threads are jointly compacted in a collective compacting means 9 and subsequently are wound up as a yarn 12 in a winding device 10.

Abstract: The inventive arrangement of texturizing nozzles (8) in a part of a spin draw texturizing machine or a draw texturizing machine presents a fan-like arrangement of these texturizing nozzles in which the longitudinal axes (16) of the texturizing nozzles extend coaxially with a connecting line (17) which extends from a take-off point (15) on a draw roll (1) to the exit of each individual texturizing nozzle (8).

Abstract: A machine makes tapered and also uniformly waved bristles for brushes, especially useful for paint brushes, by a method of applying uniform crimping pressure to crimp straight tapered bristles between two crimping gears (20, 30) having mating indentations. The spacing between the crimping gears is freely variable but the force is generally constant. This results in a wave amplitude that is constant over the length of each bristle regardless of the taper. The "floating" constant-force crimping pressure may be provided by weight biasing or electronic control. Tapered wavy filaments brushes employing such filaments and methods of forming such filaments also constitute a part of this disclosure.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a yarn from at least two individual yarn components having different physical characteristics so that the produced yarn has a desired visual effect. The method includes continuously supplying at least one yarn component in the form of a bundle of continuous filaments and individually treating the bundle of continuous filaments in a treating stage. The treated bundle of continuous filaments is then conveyed to a collective compacting stage. At least one other yarn component is supplied from a spinning beam or a bobbin directly to the collecting compacting stage and the bundle of continuous filaments and at least one other yarn component are compacted collectively in a collective compacting device.

Abstract: A method for making a textile product from a web of fibers and/or filaments moving in a feed direction. The method comprises a pre-looping step in which the fibers and/or filaments are individually transversely looped relative to the feed direction and optionally transversely stretched, whereafter they pile up in the form of a crimped pseudo-yarn in which the fibers and/or filaments are parallelized. Prior to the pre-looping step, the method comprises a crimping step in which the fibers and/or filaments are crimped with a spacing and a depth that are a multiple of the spacing and depth of the "crimp" formed in the pre-looping step.

Abstract: Individual differently colored or colorable feed filament ends are withdrawn from respective creel-mounted packages and passed through a separation guide. The separation guide serves to "normalize" the filament end-to-end positions and tensions. That is, the separation guide will cause the individual feed ends to be in specific predetermined positions relative to the other feed ends regardless of the position of the package on the creel. In addition, the separation guide will effectively cause a short length of each feed end to be parallel to, and separated by a substantially uniform distance from, corresponding lengths of the other feed ends. This parallel alignment of individual end lengths and the substantially uniform filament end-to-end positioning thereby imparts substantially uniform tensions on the feed ends while substantially maintaining their respective positions in the combined yarn product relative to one another.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sanding apparatus used for the production of air textured yarn and false twist yarn. The apparatus comprises a motor, a housing provided with a guide groove, and a frictional disk connected to the motor and enclosed in the housing. The apparatus can be arranged in an intermediate section of the production process to generate short hair on the outer surface of yarn by the contact between the frictional disk and moving yarn. Accordingly the products made by the apparatus have soft tactile feelings when touched.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for melt spinning a plurality of downwardly advancing multifilament polymeric yarns, and winding the advancing yarns into respective packages. Each of the advancing yarns is brought into contact with a separate yarn delivery mechanism which acts to control the yarn tension before the yarn is wound into a package. Thus, the yarn tension of all of the yarns can be made substantially the same when they are wound into packages, which permits all of the packages to have the same winding structure and the same packing density.

Abstract: A baffle structure that includes a generally cylindrical portion and at least one generally linear portion is associated with each roll in a yarn processing. The generally cylindrical portion is spaced a predetermined clearance distance from the surface of the roll with which it is associated to define a generally curved channel about the roll. The generally linear portion of each baffle structure extends toward the other roll, with the generally linear portions overlapping each other to define a substantially linear channel between adjacent upstream and the downstream rolls. The generally linear portion extending from the cylindrical portion of the upstream roll toward the downstream roll has an edge thereon. The edge is disposed within a predetermined close distance of the surface of the upstream roll such that the edge lies within the boundary layer of air able to be generated about the upstream roll.

Abstract: The invention comprises a fixture and method for holding optical waveguid such as fiber optic cable, in a relatively stable fashion for processing. The fixture includes a first frame and a second frame, releasably securable to the first frame to form a unitary structure. Chambers disposed in at least one of the frames are adapted for removably receiving optical fiber cable when the first and second frames are released from one another and for securely retaining with molding material optical fiber cables when the first and second frames form the unitary structure. A process area is defined in the unitary structure such that segments of optical fiber cables secured therein are accessible in the process area for processing. An optional coating fixture is securable to said unitary structure for forming with a molding material a protective coating about the cable segments in the processing area.

Abstract: A process for making ready-to-tuft, mock space-dyed bulked continuous filament yarn is a one-step process. It joins extruding, texturing, and interlacing to yield a yarn that may be tufted directly into carpet without further texturing or twisting. In another aspect, one or more additional strands may be inserted in the process. An apparatus for making the ready-to-tuft, mock space-dyed, bulked continuous filament yarn is described.

Abstract: A process of making a low-shrinkage, air-textured yarn, in particular sewing yarn, of synthetic, pre-oriented polymer multifilaments, includes the steps of drawing multifilaments in the form of a single strand at a temperature of about 180.degree. to 230.degree. C. by a factor of 1.6 to 2.5, air-texturing the drawn strand at a rate of overfeed of 1.03 to 1.20 to form a single-strand raw yarn, feeding the raw yarn to a fluffing zone of predetermined length at a rate of overfeed of 1.003 to 1.025, winding the fluffy raw yarn at slightest possible tension, reeling off and twisting the wound raw yarn, and treating the twisted raw yarn at a temperature of 125.degree. to 135.degree. C. over 1 to 3 hours in a dyeing unit, and, optionally, dyeing the raw yarn. The process is equally applicable for making plied yarns.

Abstract: A machine unit through which a thread is guided includes a drafting unit comprised of double godets, a texturing unit, a relax unit comprising double rollers, and a winding device. The drafting unit and the relax unit are arranged at an angle of less than 90.degree. to a reference plane, while the winding device is arranged at an angle (.delta.) of essentially 90.degree. to the reference plane. Furthermore, an operator's working position is provided, from which the aforementioned arrangement of the drafting unit and relax unit relative to the winding device is accessible.

Abstract: An improved method for producing hydrophobic polyolefin-containing staple fiber for processing, with reduced waste and improved crimp by sequential treatment with two finish compositions comprising at least one neutralized phosphoric acid ester and at least one polysiloxane of defined classes and amounts.

Abstract: A method for self-crimping of S/S bi-component fibers on a fiber line includes the steps of main drawing, post-drawing on a cold drawing unit, water application in the tensed state and relaxation at the dryer inlet in the compact closed state, which results in fibers with a novel .OMEGA.-shaped crimping structure.

Abstract: An improved composite fiber of fiberglass and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is provided. The composite fiber comprises a coherent strand of commingled filaments of fiberglass and PTFE which is far more resistant to flex, abrasion, and chemical attack than previous fiberglass fibers. Preferably filaments of expanded PTFE tow yarn and filaments of PTFE are combined through a process of air-jet texturing. The fibers of the present invention have a wide range of possible uses, including being formed into a fabric and employed as filter media.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for texturing thermoplastic threads. In starting the operation of the texturing device, one or several non-textured yarns can be drawn in more easily and more reliably via a drawing-in yarn guide which guides the at least one yarn for the purpose of drawing same into the feed channels of the texturizing nozzle and into the plug channels of the plug feed roller essentially parallel to these channels and at a predetermined distance from each other.

Abstract: The process includes the sequential steps of supplying in a separated side-by-side parallel relationship to a yarn drawing apparatus first multifilament feed yarn and second multifilament feed yarn which are differently colored or colorable with respect to each other; drawing the first feed yarn and the second feed yarn in the yarn drawing apparatus while keeping the first feed yarn and the second feed yarn in a relatively parallel relationship and separate from each other; making a bundle from the first drawn feed yarn and the second drawn feed yarn by simultaneously imparting false twist to the drawn first feed yarn and the drawn second feed yarn without commingling the first and second drawn feed yarns; and texturing the bundle without commingling to make a nontwisted, noncommingled singles yarn displaying two distinct unblended colors.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating traveling textile material in a pressurized fluid includes a housing divided into a plurality of expansion chambers and a centrally located treatment chamber through which the material is caused to travel and in which pressurized treatment fluid is applied to the material, the pressurized treatment fluid expanding progressively outwardly through the expansion chambers by way of the material passageways. The material passageways are formed with their smallest dimension at least eight times smaller than the smallest dimension of the expansion chambers to achieve the necessary pressure drop without sealing.

Abstract: A texturing machine has a main framework defining a creel for supporting feed reels of yarn to be processed and a support structure for collection assemblies for textured yarn. The creel and the structure for supporting the yarn collection assemblies are opposite to and distanced one from the other to define an intermediate transit corridor. The texturing machine also has a yarn texturing device supported by the main framework and arranged alongside the creel on its side facing the structure for supporting the collection assemblies.

Abstract: A yarn entangling device having a housing with an air pressure cushion in it for urging a piston normally outwardly of the housing. The piston has an air passage through it. Shifting the piston outwardly blocks the air passage. A blast nozzle is secured to the piston for being supplied with air through the piston. A baffle plate opposed to the blast nozzle defines a yarn channel. A holder supports the baffle plate for movement away from and into contact with the blast nozzle. With the holder moving the baffle plate toward the blast nozzle, the piston is shifted to open the air passage to the piston, and with the yarn channel opened with the baffle plate away from the blast nozzle, the piston is moved out of the housing by the air pressure cushion cutting off the air flow to the blast nozzle. A closing flap acts through a detent to secure the holder and baffle plate to close the yarn channel.

Abstract: A yarn texturing apparatus which comprises a nozzle having a passageway through which the yarn is advanced, and a duct system for introducing heated air into the passageway. A perforated stuffer box is disposed adjacent the outlet end of the passageway. The duct system for the heated air includes an annular duct surrounding the passageway, and a supply duct communicating with the annular duct. Also, an adjustable deflector is mounted in the supply duct immediately adjacent the annular duct for imparting a circumferential component to the heated air as it enters the annular duct, and which in turn imparts a slight twist to the advancing yarn so as to facilitate its smooth advance.

Abstract: Polyester fine filaments having excellent mechanical quality and uniformity, and preferably with a balance of good dyeability and shrinkage, are prepared by a simplified direct spin-orientation process by selection of polymer viscosity and spinning conditions, followed by drawing and/or bulking.

Abstract: An apparatus for the continuous crimping of thermoplastic threads has at least one crimping nozzle with a feed channel and a nozzle orifice and at least one pair of lateral guide means, e.g. needle rows, arranged around the circumference of a plug feed roller wherein, in an apparatus in which several threads are crimped in parallel, several axially spaced guide means pairs are used on the same feed roller, and in order to prevent disturbing transverse flows so as to render the aerodynamic conditions uniform during plug formation in the vicinity of the crimping nozzle orifice and for easy handling the plug feed roller, the guide means are axially protected against one another and against the outside by protective rings which have an identical or larger external diameter than the pair of guide means.

Abstract: A draw texturing machine comprises a first heater for heating a yarn, a false twisting device for imparting twists to the yarn, and a cooling plate, disposed between the first heater and the false twisting device, for cooling the yarn which has been heated by the first heater and for inhibiting vibration of the yarn so as to allow the yarn to run in a stable manner. The cooling plate is provided with a yarn threading groove member having a bottom portion with which the yarn runs in contact and wall portions connected to the bottom portion to form a concave, downwardly directed opening. The wall portions of the yarn threading groove member are provided with a plurality of holes, and the bottom portion of the yarn threading groove member is provided with no holes.

Abstract: A three-dimensional non-woven fabric with a thermally activated adhesive surface well suited for use as a facing fabric for covering a fibrous mat. The fabric comprises two adjoining fiber layers, namely an adhesive layer including bond-forming fibers fusible at a predetermined temperature and a facing layer of fibers having a considerably higher melting temperature than the bond-forming fibers. The fibers of both layers are mechanically engaged one with another and are arranged flat-wise in bundles interconnected at junctures by protuberant fiber packings disposed in a staggered relationship throughout the fabric. Bond-forming fibers are concentrated in the apex portions of the fiber packings to form the thermally activated adhesive surface. The invention also extends to a process for manufacturing the three-dimensional non-woven fabric, based on the so-called "rosebud" technique for producing foraminous webs.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating traveling textile material in a pressurized fluid, e.g., for heating synthetic filaments to a heat-set temperature in a saturated steam atmosphere is disclosed to comprise a housing defining at least one upstream sealing chamber, an intermediate treatment chamber pressurized with saturated steam, and at least one downstream sealing chamber, separated from one another by constricted strand passageways for traveling movement of the strand successively through the chambers. A pressurized fluid holding chamber is provided between the steam supply and the treatment chamber to reduce condensation within the treatment chamber and the sealing chambers.

Abstract: A process for drawing thermoplastic multifilament yarns, wherein the yarns have different natural draw ratios, at least one of which is greater than the machine draw ratio used in the process. The yarns are first impinged with a hot fluid to heat them to an elevated temperature and then stretched over a set of draw rolls at a single machine draw ratio. In a preferred aspect of the invention, the yarns are crimped after stretching. Preferably, the thermoplastic yarns are either polypropylene or polyamide yarns.

Abstract: A lengthwise and crosswise stretchable fabric comprising bicomponent polyester filaments produced by conjugate spinning in side-by-side relationship component (A), a polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with a structural unit having a metal sulfonate group, and component (B), a polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate. The fabric is rendered stretchable by inducting crimps in the bicomponent filaments thereof through exposure to infrared rays while said filaments are in a relaxed condition. The filaments may have been mechanically crimped prior to being formed into the fabric.

Abstract: Staple fibers having a crimp frequency in the range of 3 to 6 crimps per centimeter are made by a process including a co-crimping step in which conductive and nonconductive filaments are crimped together.

Abstract: An apparatus for crimping and permanently heat setting a fiber or tow without stress or tension, comprising a mechanical crimping means, a conveying means which receives the crimped fiber or tow, and a heating or irradiation zone through which the conveying means and fiber or tow passes.

Abstract: An apparatus for crimping and permanently heat setting a fiber or tow without non-uniform stress or tension, comprising a conveying means having a multiplicity of openings, means for supplying the fiber or tow across the conveying means, means for inserting the fiber or tow into the openings of the conveying means whereby the fiber is retained in a non-linear shape in the openings without stress or tension, and a heating or irradiation zone through which the conveying means and fiber or tow pass.

Abstract: A textured, continuous, multi-filament polyester yarn has an ethoxylated alkyl aryl alcohol based surfactant incorporated into the interfilamentary structure thereof either during the texturizing process or after the yarn has been made into a gauze-like fabric substrate. The ethoxylated alkyl aryl alcohol based surfactant is characterized in that it is water dispersible and water insoluble; has an HLB scale in the range of 7-10; is compatible with conventional wallpaper glues; is of a viscosity in the range of 50-100 SUS depending on the yarn denier; and has a smoke point greater than 350.degree. F. The yarn so treated is formed into a gauze fabric substrate and affixed to the rear surface of a sheet material such as a vinyl wallcovering. When the glue is applied to the sheet material the surfactant treatment alters the normally hydrophobic characteristics exhibited by the textured polyester yarn so that the characteristics actually become hydrophilic.

Abstract: A yarn which is a blend of from 98.01% by weight of a conventional textile fiber or filament and from 2 to about 0.09% by weight of a non-linear anti-static carbonaceous filament or fiber.

Abstract: An improved high speed process for texturing continuous filament yarn is provided wherein the improvement comprises cooling the yarn, subsequent to texturing and prior to applying tension, by contact for at least 4 milliseconds with a curved surface at a temperature of -29.degree. to 2.degree. C. and an RMS of up to 10, frictional forces creating a yarn tension of 0.036 to 0.45 gram per denier per end at the surface. Apparatus is also provided for cooling the continuous filament yarn subsequent to texturing and prior to applying tension. The apparatus comprises a curved surface having a minimum length for yarn contact of 7.6 cm, an RMS of up to 10 and a temperature of -29.degree. to 2.degree. C. Textured yarn brought into contact with the surface for at least 4 milliseconds at a yarn tension of 0.036 to 0.045 gram per denier per end is cooled to increase yarn stability and prevent pullout of yarn texture.

Abstract: Programmable apparatus for cutting woven fabric wound on a supply roll includes a fabric spreader which pays-off fabric from the supply roll and onto a cutting table as the spreader moves relative to the table. A vibrating member carried by the fabric spreader and over which the payed-off fabric is constrained to pass imparts vibration to a portion of the fabric which extends across the entire width of the fabric to relieve residual stresses within the fabric as it is spread onto the table surface. The spread fabric is immediately cut by a rotary cutting wheel which moves in cutting engagement with the fabric in response to command signals received from a programmable controller.

Abstract: This invention discloses a yarn, and method and apparatus for making it, composed of a core component having yarn strength wrapped clockwise and counter-clockwise by wrapper components, wherein the core has a sinuous configuration and contains a greater length per unit of yarn length than the wrapper components. Optionally, the core component may be a newly texturized multi-filament yarn, wrapped according to this invention before being subjected to significant tension, thereby preserving much of the bulk that would otherwise be lost in winding or other tensioning of the texturized core in unwrapped condition.

Abstract: In order to produce random changes in texture of pile fabrics, continuous multifilament bulked yarn is treated to detexturize spaced portions along its length.

Abstract: Non-woven fabric comprising polybutylene terephthalate continuous filaments having a three-dimensional crimp of unfixed shape provides remarkable resiliency, flexibility, and strength. A method of manufacturing such non-woven fabric forms a blended yarn of polybutylene terephthalate continuous filaments and highly shrinkable continuous filaments having a low melting point through direct coupling with high speed take-off means, and subjecting the resultant web to a relax heat set.

Abstract: Polymers are melt spun by extruding threadlines of filaments from a spinneret; quenching the filaments through a quench zone; reducing the tension on the threadlines of filaments to a value substantially equal to the tension at the hereinafter-mentioned winding point, by converging each threadline of filaments to form a strand while applying a lubricant; and winding each strand on a spool at a take-up speed of at least about 1800 meters per minute, and without further reducing the tension by means, such as godets. Apparatus for carrying out the method is described. The convergence means may be adjustable to change the position thereof relative to the bottom of the quench zone.

Abstract: In a process and apparatus for bulking, more particularly high-bulking, of textile yarns having fibers of different shrinkage characteristics including the step of and apparatus for temporarily heating the yarn sufficiently to obtain differential shrinkage and thus bulking of the yarn; the improvement of the steps of and apparatus for soaking the yarn with water and/or other liquid having dielectric properties similar to water while fully and evenly saturating the yarn throughout with a predetermined amount of such liquid, and applying microwave energy to the saturated yarn for heating of the yarn. With this process and apparatus, heating is uniformly applied throughout the yarn and an energy savings can be realized over conventional yarn bulking processes. This process and apparatus may be utilized in conjunction with a two-for-one yarn twisting apparatus in which the process is carried out and the apparatus is disposed between the steps of and the apparatus for twisting and taking-up of the yarn.

Abstract: A textile product formed of at least one thermoplastic yarn is texturized by subjecting the yarn simultaneously to a mechanical traction force and a high frequency electrical field applied at local points on the yarn. In order to increase the efficiency of texturizing, the yarn is moistened before it is subjected to the electrical field.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the rapid, continuous and waterless dyeing of textile and plastic materials in which the dyestuff is dissolved, suspended or dispersed in a high boiling solvent, such as glycol or glycol ether, for carrying out the dyeing step per se, after which the dye textile or plastic material (after cooling if desired) is subjected to a washing with a low boiling organic liquid such as methanol or ethanol (preferably the former) or a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, and subsequently dried. The entire series of operations is carried out under nonaqueous or substantially nonaqueous conditions with the complete or substantially complete recovery and recycling of the used dyestuff, the used high boiling solvent, and the used low boiling organic wash liquid.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing spun yarn comprises feeding at least one filament onto a rotating member in a manner to form flat loops of the filaments on the member, picking the loops off the member and feeding and twisting the loops to form a spun yarn. The device advantageously includes a spinning head which rotates about a longitudinal axis and which carries a disc member which rotates about its own central axis. A thread guiding device is arranged to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the spinning head and separate drives are provided for each of the spinning head, the disc and the thread guide in order to form variations in the flat loops which are formed as segmental partly overlapped loops on the disc member. The construction includes a pickup member for picking up the loops off the disc and conveying rollers for conveying the twisted yarn into a setting chamber and a force twisting device for subsequent winding on a bobbin.

Abstract: A slide fastener and method and apparatus for making the same are disclosed wherein coils of filamentary material are secured to adjacent edges of a pair of carrier tapes. Each coil of filamentary material is formed from a filament having a specially shaped cross section which is arranged in a mirror image relationship with respect to its adjacent filamentary coil. During formation of the filamentary coils, they are simultaneously wound on a mandrel having differently shaped surfaces which aid in the final shaping of each coil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of dyed filaments from aromatic polyamides which are modified with acid groups.

Abstract: In a process for preparing suede sheet materials having desirable tactile characteristics and good coloring, fibers are colored with a dope dye before being formed into a fibrous mat. The mat is impregnated with a binder and subsequently treated to produce a sheet material having a napped surface. The sheet material is then dyed to obtain the product.

Abstract: Process for the production of a crimped metal-coated continuous-filament or a crimped yarn of a plurality of metal-coated filaments which filament or yarn is adapted for combination with other filaments to form an improved yarn for use in making anti-static fabrics, such as pile carpets or the like, wherein the continuous-filament or yarn comprising a plurality of filaments is first made into a knitted fabric, the fabric is treated to deposit a continuous metal coating on the filament or yarn thereof, and the coated fabric thus obtained is deknitted, thereby yielding the metal-coated continuous-filament or yarn in a crimped disposition characteristic of the knitted loop construction existing in the knit fabric. Heat treatment of the crimped filament or yarn after the metal-coating step significantly improves its anti-static properties when incorporated into fabric.

Abstract: Drawn but undyed synthetic continuous filament yarn is formed into a prefabric, selected portions of the prefabric are dyed while leaving other selected portions free of any dye, the prefabric is raveled, the resulting partially dyed yarn is formed into a partially dyed prefabric, and this partially dyed prefabric is then substantially completely over-dyed to produce a novel over-dyed fabric.This method produces a novel form of crimped and drawn continuous filament synthetic polymeric yarn, a substantial portion of which is undyed, and the balance of which consists of random, intermittent dyed lengths consisting of at least two different colors (A and B) intermittently and randomly arranged along the length of the yarn.