Abstract: A method of producing a piston blank, comprising producing an intermediate blank of a piston for an axial piston machine by extrusion wherein the intermediate blank includes a shaft portion, a ball head portion, and a sealing portion, wherein the shaft portion connects the ball head portion to the sealing portion. The method also includes producing a piston blank of the piston from the intermediate blank and machining a through-opening in the intermediate blank, wherein the through-opening extends within the piston blank in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A connector structure includes a case seat assembly and plug assemblies. Two ends of the case seat assembly are formed with channels. Each plug assembly has a conductive section and a wire connection member. The wire connection member is formed with a receiving space for receiving a pressing leaf spring. Each pressing leaf spring has an abutment end. A lateral protrusion section is disposed on the abutment end. Multiple unlocking assemblies are disposed beside the wire connection member. Each unlocking assembly has a push member formed with a push block. The lateral protrusion section is positioned in a sliding path of the push block along the channel, whereby the lateral protrusion section can be pushed to drive the abutment end to release a conductive wire.

Abstract: A housing configured to accept a rekeyable lock core for use in lockable enclosures. The housing is configured to use a lock core that is designed for deadbolt and door lever/knob operation. The housing allows a rekeyable lock cylinder to be used in one's home as well as other enclosure enclosures. A common key may therefore be used for all devices as the lock core is of a rekeyable design.

Abstract: A method of forming a ceramic matrix composite turbine blade with squealer tip and with tip flare is provided. The tip flare may be located at either or both of the pressure side and the suction side. The method provides a mandrel which is placed in the pre-form tooling to create the cavity and aid in formation of the pressure side flare.

Abstract: Embodiments may include fixation devices and methods for securing first and second body tissue portions. Fixation devices may include a base component, an insert component, and a flexible member. The base component may include a passage. The insert component may be positionable within at least a portion of the passage. The elongate member may be configured to be positioned through the first and second body tissue portions. The elongate member may be tensioned and pinched between the base component and insert component to secure the first and second portions.

Abstract: A rack-and-pinion type steering device includes a ball joint for connecting a rack shaft and a tie rod. The ball joint includes a socket and a ball. The socket is provided with a regulated surface allowed to contact a regulating surface of a rack housing, and a screw projecting from the regulated surface to be connected to the rack shaft. The regulated surface includes an intermediate portion having a curved surface shape that recedes from a regulating surface in a longitudinal direction of the rack shaft toward the outer circumference, and the regulated surface has such a shape that a pointed portion toward the regulating surface is less likely to be formed on the regulated surface even if a processing error occurs in the processing for forming the regulated surface of the socket.

Abstract: A fan motor according to the present invention includes a lower bracket having a center portion through which a rotating shaft passes, a bracket welding groove formed at an upper portion, and a lower bearing insertion space formed around the rotating shaft outside the center portion; an upper bracket having a center portion through which the rotating shaft passes, a bracket welding projection formed at a position corresponding to the bracket welding groove of the lower bracket, and an upper bearing insertion space formed around the rotating shaft inside the center portion; a rotor combined with the rotating shaft and rotating inside the upper bracket; and a stator positioned around the rotor, and the bracket welding groove and the bracket welding projection are tightly coupled to each other through ultrasonic welding.

Abstract: A steering rack housing (20, 100, 100?, 100?) for a power steering system that surrounds a steering rack in a tubular manner and includes a hydraulic region (32), a mechanical region (34), and as an inner supporting bearing (38), wherein the supporting bearing is held in the steering rack housing (20, 100, 100?, 100?) by at least two cross-sectional contractions (46) of the housing.

Abstract: A closed loop shift control apparatus and method based on estimated torque in friction elements controls a torque transfer phase when shifting from a low gear configuration to a high gear configuration for an automatic transmission system. When pressure actuated friction elements are selectively engaged and released to establish torque flow paths in the transmission, estimates of torsional load exerted on the off-going friction element are used to predict the optimal off-going friction element release timing for achieving a consistent shift feel. The estimated torque is preferably calculated by using estimated torque signals generated as a function of speed measurements represented either the engine speed and turbine output speed or transmission output speed and wheel speed under dynamically changing conditions.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a tight, form-fitting connection between a housing cover and a housing body, wherein the housing cover has cover tabs protruding from an edge thereof, and an edge area of the housing body has recesses for respectively receiving the cover tabs. The method involves positioning the housing cover on the housing body and deforming the cover tabs in the housing recesses to produce the tight, form-fitting connection in a single operation with a single tool.

Abstract: A fastening device for fastening a tube to a bearing structure, particularly a horizontal mesh frame tube of a mesh cage attached to a transport pallet used to hold a liquid container. To form the fastening device the tube has a fastening section with a zone flattened by compression and provided with a fastening hole to accommodate a fastening bolt connecting the fastening section to the bearing structure. The fastening hole has a perimeter shaped such that the perimeter defines a force application plane between a bolt head and the fastening section that is inclined at an angle ? relative to a fastening plane in which the fastening section is connected to the bearing structure. The perimeter has a hole embrasure formed by an annular collar extending in the direction of a fastening axis, and which defines a bearing surface for the bolt head disposed in the force application plane.

Abstract: A system for joining tubular members comprising: a U-shaped joining member, with a first leg, a bottom of the U in communication with the first leg, and a second leg in communication with the bottom of the U, and wherein the first leg and second legs have a taper such that the cross-sectional surface area of the first leg is at a minimum at generally the far end of the first and second legs, and the cross-sectional surface is at a maximum at generally the beginning end of the first and second legs; an anchor member configured to fit generally in the bottom of the U; a first tubular member configured to fit abutting the anchor member, and between the first and second legs; a wire made of anisotropic material configured to be wound about the first leg, second leg, and a portion of the first tubular member located between the first leg and second leg; a second tubular member configured to structurally attach to the first tubular member, U-shaped joining member, anchor member, and anisotropic material; a pluralit

Abstract: A spring plunger for insertion into an aperture, the spring plunger including a body having a recess and a proximal opening to the recess surrounded by a chamfered rim with the chamfered rim extending at least partially across the recess. A coil spring and plunger are retained within the recess, with the plunger abutting the coil spring and contacting the chamfered rim. Also, a method of manufacturing a spring plunger and a method of use.

Abstract: A windshield wiper device (10), particularly for a motor vehicle, is proposed. This windshield wiper device comprises a wiper bearing (14) supporting a wiper shaft (16), which has an undercut (48) in which a securing device (40) for axially fixing the wiper shaft (16) in the wiper bearing (14) is arranged. The securing device (40) can be displaced by the effects of a defined axial force component (F) on the wiper shaft (16), whereby the wiper shaft (16) can be displaced in relationship to the wiper bearing (14). According to the invention, the securing device (40) comprises a bushing section (42) with an indentation (50), which engages in the undercut (48) of the wiper shaft (16).

Abstract: A coupling element has a first interface, which is adapted to mechanically connect the coupling element to an actuator, a second interface, which is adapted to mechanically connect the coupling element to a valve, and a deformable portion, which is shaped in such a manner, that, as a result of a compression along an axial direction of the coupling element, the deformable portion irreversibly bends such that a projection is formed. Thereby, the projection is adapted to permanently engage with an annular groove formed at the actuator, such that the coupling element and the actuator are connected with each other in a non-detachable but rotatable manner.

Abstract: A cover is inserted into a housing of a fuel pump. Then, a housing-side engaging portion of the housing, which is located at a peripheral edge of an opening of the housing, is heated with a heating means. Thereafter, the housing-side engaging portion is swaged by a punch toward the cover to fix the cover to the housing.

Abstract: A method for endforming a tubular member for use assembly for a hydraulic system comprises (1) a connector member having an inner surface exhibiting a stepped configuration and a fixing member at the distal end thereof, and (2) an endform tubular member having an outer surface corresponding to the inner surface of the connector member, wherein the endform tubular member mates with inner surface of the connector member to provide an endform tubular assembly having an improved design for conveying fluids in a hydraulic system. The endform tubular assembly has inherent features therein that are measured to provide quantified values for assessing the robustness of the assembly and predict the performance of such assembly in high pressure applications for prolonged periods of time.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided wherein a tube insert is at least partially disposed within the end portion of a tube. An alignment fixture can be used to assist in forming an aperture through the wall of the tube at a predetermined location that is aligned with at least one cavity in the outer surface of a tube insert.

Abstract: Since an inside piece of a joint block is abutted to a rib of a second opposed piece under a pressure by engaging a first opposed piece of a frame member with the joint block, the inside piece can be securely abutted at the position of the rib even when the second opposed piece and the joint block are slightly deformed, which secures a predetermined joint intensity by preventing a variation of the abutment position. Since the joint block is abutted with the rib, the pressure per a dimension can be more increased than abutting with the whole surface of the inside piece, which consequently increases the frictional force to improve the joint intensity.

Abstract: The method for assembling according to the invention is designed for assembling at least two elements by means of a crimping rivet comprising a head and a stem, and an associated fitting tool comprising a traction rod. The method comprises the following successive steps: securing a part of the stem of the rivet by die-stamping on a corresponding part of the traction rod of the fitting tool inserted inside the stem of the rivet, inserting the rivet in corresponding holes of the elements to be assembled, crimping of the rivet by the fitting tool, separating the fitting tool by radial deformation of the part of the stem on which die-stamping was applied.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a flange coupling in which the height of a horizontal portion of an L-shaped pipe is made as small as possible. The present invention provides a flange coupling having a flange formed with an attaching bolt hole and a pipe connection hole and an L-shaped pipe installed in the pipe connection hole, wherein the L-shaped pipe is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and a horizontal portion of the L-shaped pipe is molded so that a lower face thereof is at the same level as or at the level close to a plane including the upper surface of the flange.

Abstract: A stabilizer bar for an automotive vehicle includes a stabilizer bar, and a generally ring shaped first mechanical stop mounted onto and extending about an outer diameter of the stabilizer bar. The first mechanical stop is crimped in place onto the stabilizer bar such that the first mechanical stop is positioned within a groove formed within the outer diameter of the stabilizer bar as the first mechanical stop is crimped onto the stabilizer bar, whereby the first mechanical stop is retained within the groove to prevent movement of the mechanical stop along the stabilizer bar.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a stranded cable particularly for mechanical motion transmission, which cable is composed of multiple strands or wires, helically wound around a common longitudinal axis, including the steps of: a—winding the strands that form the cable in a helical arrangement around a common longitudinal axis, b—flattening and smoothing the exterior profile of the each strand of the cable. Cable produced by that method.

Abstract: A heat sink vacuum packaging procedure to rapidly complete the packaging of a heat sink without drilling, pipe welding, vacuum pumping, or other processes. Because the packaging procedure saves much time and labor, the manufacturing cost of the heat sink is relatively reduced. During packaging, no welding process is employed, therefore the invention prevents accidentally flowing of tin solder into the inside of the heat sink to affect the quality of the heat sink, and the quality of the heat sink is maintained.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a yoke includes a step of cutting a steel plate into a rectangular sheet having a plurality of first dovetail convexities at one end thereof and a plurality of second dovetail convexities at the other end, a step of rolling the rectangular sheet into a cylinder to fit the first dove tails and the second dove tails to each other and a step of punching border portions of the first dove tails and the second dove tails. The second dovetail convexities are formed to be the same in shape as the first dovetail convexities so that they can fit to the first dovetail convexities. A smooth-faced yoke can be manufacture without using an expensive welder.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a rotor of an electric motor to be arranged inside a stator, a permanent magnet is formed in a ring-shape, and a rotating shaft and the permanent magnet are concentrically arranged in a mold. Then, a rubber material in a fluid state is poured into a space between the permanent magnet and the rotating shaft to vulcanize and mold a cushioning member having predetermined hardness. The permanent magnet and the rotating shaft are integrally coupled through the cushioning member.

Abstract: A method of forming a fluid quick connect includes steps forming a housing having a split end retainer slidably mounted in a recess in at least one end of the housing. A first angular recess is formed in the housing adjacent the first end. The first recess communicates with a bore extending from the first end of the housing. The retainer is captured in the recess by deforming an extension of the first end of the housing angularly inward. In one aspect, a conical surface is formed inward of the extension to form the recess in conjunction with the deformed extension. The retainer and recess may be used at one end of the housing for connection with one endform or at both ends of the housing to fluidically couple two endforms.

Abstract: An end formed tube to which a molded plastic part is attached and sealed. One end of the end formed tube is rolled over to form a lip, which prevents the removal of the molded part. The rolled over lip portion creates a void in which plastic overmold from the plastic part is deposited, thereby creating a positive seal and attachment. The end of the tube in which the lip is formed is configured in a polygonal shape to provide torsional strength to the interface of the molded part and the tube.

Abstract: A brake booster having a first shell joined to a second shell through a flange (26) on the first shell and a peripheral surface (204) on the second shell. Axial slots (36,36?, . . . 36n) on the flange that extend from an opened end toward a shoulder engage radial slots (38,38?, . . . 38n) to create a first plurality of arcuate projections (40,40?, . . . 40n) that are sequentially separated from a second plurality of arcuate projections (42,42?, . . . 42n). Each arcuate projection (40) has parallel sides that extend from a radial plane (11) on the flange while each arcuate projection (42) has first and second radial tabs (44, 46) thereon. Each arcuate projection (40) is deformed into sealing engagement with an edge (206) on the peripheral surface (204) to position the peripheral surface (204) under the flange while creating an axial gap (x) between the radial tabs (44,46) and the edge (206) to provide a visual inspection of the sealing engagement.

Abstract: Seaming apparatus and method for seaming ends to cans are described. The seaming apparatus includes a seaming chuck received by the can end. The chuck includes an anvil portion and a peripheral upper anvil wall. The upper anvil wall is inclined at an angle ? of greater than or equal to 6 degrees. The seaming apparatus also includes a seaming roll having a seaming surface for engaging the peripheral curl of the can end in a seaming operation to compress the peripheral curl against the peripheral flange and the peripheral upper anvil wall of the seaming chuck. The seaming surface of the seaming roll is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis by an angle ?. The value of ? is selected to be greater than about 4 degrees, and more preferably from between about 8 and about 14 degrees. Additionally, the value of ? bears a close approximate relationship to the value of ?, and in particular the value of angle ?=?±up to about 4 degrees.

Abstract: A method for forming a hollow part (18) that allows the use of hydroforming in cases where the part interconnects between sections having extreme variations in cross-section. A complete hollow part (18) is formed by joining a hydroformed hollow section with hollow sections. A method for securing a fastener sleeve (102) insert in a pre-fabricated hollow part (100) is also provided. In this method, the hollow part (100) is deformed slightly to form flanges (108) that secure the insert (102) in the part. Once the insert (102) is secure in the hollow part, fasteners can be applied to the part without collapsing it.

Abstract: An improved gasketed mounting cup for an aerosol container wherein the mounting cup has a curvilinear channel portion and the gasket is a folded-over sleeve gasket, simulating the gasket thickness of a cut gasket; wherein the outer segment of the folded-over gasket is longer than the other gasket segment but of a limited length that will allow the ultimate positioning of the gasket without the longer gasket segment contacting the surface of the mounting cup and being wedged between the bead of the container and the mounting cup during advancement of the gasket into the mounting cup.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for inserting an end of a first tubular member into a complementary end of a second tubular member and attaching (e.g., welding) the adjacent surfaces of the inserted ends in a tight peripheral bond. In the method, a substantially continuous protrusion is formed in either the first or second member. Thereafter, the first and second tubular members are placed relative to each other such that a current may be passed through the protrusion and a seal may be formed, thereby joining the members.

Abstract: A captivated fastener assembly is provided along with a technique for captivating a fastener in a workpiece. The assembly includes a fastener having a head, a shank extending from said head that has an upper unthreaded shank portion and a lower threaded shank portion, wherein the diameter of the outer tips of the threads of the lower threaded shank portion exceed the diameter of the upper unthreaded shank portion. The assembly further includes a workpiece having a sleeve with an internal bore with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the fastener shank so that the sleeve can be received over the shank. The sleeve also includes segments that deform inwardly in response to a predetermined compressive force, thereby forming a plurality of deformed segments that protrude inwardly. Thus, the plurality of deformed segments provide an inner diameter that is less than the diameter of the outer tips of the threads of the lower threaded shank portion, thereby holding the fastener captive.

Abstract: An improved gasketed mounting cup for an aerosol container wherein the mounting cup has a curvilinear channel portion and the gasket is a folded-over sleeve gasket, simulating the gasket thickness of a cut gasket; wherein the outer segment of the folded-over gasket is longer than the other gasket segment but of a limited length that will allow the ultimate positioning of the gasket without the longer gasket segment contacting the surface of the mounting cup and being wedged between the bead of the container and the mounting cup during advancement of the gasket into the mounting cup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the attachment of a mounting rail, as well as to a connecting device for a mounting rail. In the process for the attachment of a mounting rail to a rod which is, if necessary, at least partially premounted, of a folding top for a motor vehicle, particularly for a convertible, a tubular connecting element (7, 7), which has at least one stopping surface (stopping surface [11]), is inserted through a hole (5) in the mounting rail (3). The tubular connecting element (7, 7′) is inserted through an additional hole (25) in the rod (23) and secured in its position, and the mounting rail (3) is moved forward up to a predetermined position on the rod (23), whereby the tubular connecting element (7, 7′) is plastically deformed and a connection between the rod and the mounting rail is brought about.

Abstract: A slip spline assembly is provided including a slip yoke with a splined bore and an open end. A plug is sealingly secured to the open end of the slip yoke. The plug has an aperture which is sealed after the yoke is plated.

Abstract: A process for connecting a flywheel with a clutch housing, including the following steps:a) providing the flywheel with a connection portion,b) providing the housing with a substantially cylindrical counter-connection portion, andc) sliding the housing on the connection portion by its counter-connection portion in a sliding direction substantially parallel to an axis of rotation for producing a press connection between the flywheel and housing. Step a) includes making the flywheel available with an insertion area which widens radially in the slide-on direction with respect to the axis of rotation and with a taper area following the insertion area that narrows in diameter in the slide-on direction. Step b) includes making the housing available with an inner dimension in the counter-connection portion, which inner dimension is smaller than an outer dimension of the flywheel in the area of a transition from the insertion area to the taper area.

Abstract: A method for connecting a ball and socket joint to a control arm in a vehicle suspension system includes providing the ball and socket joint with a socket portion having a circumferential flange. The ball and socket joint is initially aligned with an opening formed through an outer portion of the control arm. Then, the ball and socket joint is moved upwardly such that the socket portion is received within the opening. The socket portion defines an outer diameter that is preferably slightly smaller than an inner diameter defined by the opening formed through the outer portion of the lower control arm. However, the flange defines an outer diameter that is preferably larger than an inner diameter defined by that opening. Thus, the engagement of the flange with the lower surface of the outer portion positively positions the ball and socket joint relative to the lower control arm.

Abstract: The present invention refers to an electric motor comprising a stator with an internal permanent magnet and a tubular magnetic return sleeve surrounding said permanent magnet whereby an annular air gap is formed therebetween, said magnetic return sleeve being held at its axial and radial positions relative to said permanent magnet by a frame of plastic material injected around these two components and being connected to said permanent magnet by said plastic frame. The present invention aims at improving the manner in which the two structural components are attached to and positioned on one another.

Abstract: There are provided a connection structure and process for connecting a eye-joint and a slender metal pipe, which is enabled by making the welding operation completely unnecessary to eliminate the working troubles and a fear of cracking or breakage, as might otherwise be caused by deteriorations in the mechanical properties in the vicinity of the connection end portion, which can use the eye-joint body and the metal pipe, as plated with a corrosion-resistance substance or coated with a resin in advance, to improve the productivity drastically thereby to ensure the connection with neither axial nor circumferential movement, and which can connect a metal pipe, if necessary, as having a diameter larger than the width of the eye-joint body.

Abstract: A rotary ball valve assembly and method for forming utilizes a compression spring subjected to a non-torsional, axially directed compressive force to urge an annular seal into sealing engagement with a rotatable ball and, while so subjected, inwardly deforming a tubular member attached to the housing by an electromagnetic force to form an annular abutment retaining said compression spring.

Abstract: A multiple-component torque transmitting apparatus for attachment to the crankshaft of an engine is assembled by: (a) moving the pressure plate of an assembled friction clutch by a force applying device axially in a first direction toward a clutch housing and against the bias of a clutch spring with a force exceeding the operating point of the clutch spring, (b) measuring the magnitude of the force and the distance which is covered by the pressure plate and/or one or more portions of the spring and generating corresponding signals, (c) jointly moving the housing and the pressure plate axially in a second direction counter to the first direction and with a force exceeding the operating point and generating corresponding signals, (d) relaxing the force upon the clutch, (e) processing the signals into a further signal denoting the desired or optimum operating point of the clutch spring, (f) moving the clutch and a flywheel against each other until the bias of the spring reaches the calculated operating point, an

Abstract: Method for providing a decorative cover by providing a flower pot, positioning a sleeve about the floral grouping with a portion of the sleeve extending along a portion of the flower pot, disposing a sheet of material about the outer peripheral surface of the flower pot; and positioning a collar about the outer peripheral surface of the flower pot with a portion of the sleeve and the sheet of material being disposed between the collar and the flower pot whereby the collar secures the sleeve and the sheet of material to the flower pot.

Abstract: A multiple-component torque transmitting apparatus for attachment to the crankshaft of an engine is assembled by: (a) moving the pressure plate of an assembled friction clutch axially in a first direction toward a clutch housing and against the bias of a clutch spring with a force exceeding the operating point of the clutch spring, (b) measuring the magnitude of the force and the distance which is covered by the pressure plate and/or one or more portions of the spring and generating corresponding signals, (c) moving the pressure plate axially in a second direction counter to the first direction with a force lower than the operating point and generating corresponding signals, (d) relaxing the force upon the clutch, (e) processing the signals into a further signal denoting the desired or optimum operating point of the clutch spring, (f) moving the clutch and a flywheel against each other until the bias of the spring reaches the calculated operating point, and (g) fixing the housing to the flywheel.

Abstract: A sand molding machine comprises an elongated tie rod with a removable bearing sleeve portion at its distal end. The distal end of the rod where the sleeve is attached has a reduced diameter end spindle portion with multiple stepped support sections on its outer surface. The sleeve is of generally hollow cylindrical configuration and fits over the spindle end portion of the rod. The sleeve has an outward cylindrical bearing surface, and an inward surface with stepped support sections corresponding to and contacting the outside support sections on the rod when the sleeve is attached. The respective supporting sections on the rod and the sleeve provide a strong tight attachment of the sleeve to the rod without requiring excessive force in order to attach and/or remove the bearing from the rod.

Abstract: A construction and fabrication process for a two piece vacuum brake power booster housing is described which eliminates the surface tensions which are caused by forming during assembly to prevent damage to a protective surface finish. Localized radially weakened zones are each formed by two opposing tongues created by circumferential and axial slots which tongues in the assembled condition of the housing engage behind an outwardly and reversely formed rim (3) of the other housing half (1).

Abstract: The present invention is a hydraulic coupling and method of making the same. The coupling includes a male fitting, a female port, and a lock nut. The male fitting has external threads which receive the female port and the lock nut. The female port has an internal tapered recess for mating with an external tapered surface of the skirt of the lock nut. The skirt portion has inner and outer sections which initially form a double angle on the exterior surface. The outer section is bent inwardly to form a tapered external surface forming a steeper internal angle with the male fitting. An O-ring is positioned about the male fitting for sealing the hydraulic coupling within the tapered recess. The fitting of the present invention is also adaptable to the O.R.S. fitting and the S.A.E. flange fitting. A tapered surface of the female port engages an O-ring positioned in an annular groove of the male fitting.

Abstract: A ball joint includes a pair of generally hemispheric head members including facing surfaces. A bearing member is disposed between the facing surfaces. One of the head members is connected to a ball stud, the other includes a shank hole through which the ball stud passes. Both head members are enclosed in a ball seat which is deformed into conformity with a generally spherical outer surface of the combined first and second head members by a socket that is formed about them. An elastic member between the socket and the ball seat applies an axial force to said first and second head members, whereby a substantial preload on the ball joint permits take-up of wear during use.

Abstract: A hose fitting body composed of a head portion with a through hose made in the center of a pair of flat surfaces thereof, a base portion, and a sleeve is formed out of a test tube-shaped substance by plastic deformation, and a nipple is integrally fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve. The hose fitting allows for the bending of the base portion while securing a necessary cross-sectional area for the fluid delivery hole of the base portion even when the base portion is bent greatly. The light-weight construction facilitates uniform wall thickness while reducing raw material cost, and provides for fixing the nipple on the sleeve inner circumferential surface in a fluid-tight manner without brazing or drive fitting the nipple.