Abstract: In a method of joining two metal members by forming an annular groove at least on one of the two metal members to be joined and causing part of the material of the metal member to flow into the annular groove by plastic deformation to form a joint, at least one annular angled member is formed in the annular groove. The annular angled member extending the entire periphery of the annular groove is substantially triangular in axial cross-sectional shape. The joint has increased strength and can be formed with reduced pressure.

Abstract: A two-piece self-locking end fitting is made from a collar which fits over the end of a plastic hose and an annularly serrated insert which fits within the hose. In one embodiment, after the collar is placed over the end of a thick-walled hose, the insert is placed inside the end of the hose. In another embodiment, an insert is first placed inside a thin-walled hose to give it added body and rigidity. Then, the collar is slipped over the outside end of the hose. In either embodiment, a swaging die is drawn over the collar to reduce its diameter and thereby capture the hose against the annular serrations of the insert. As the diameter reduces, an annular ridge in the collar is automatically canted into an annular valley in the insert to securely lock them together. After the cant takes place, further compression causes the ridge to elongate and lock the insert firmly so that it cannot move relative to the collar, which in turn provides the primary gripping force to hold the hose and fitting together.

Abstract: An improved fastener includes a polygonal rim which cooperates with an axially projecting center section to define a recess in which sheet material is forced by a die to hold the fastener against rotational and axial movement relative to the sheet material. To improve the gripping action between the fastener and the sheet material, the sheet material is stretched by a tool which extends through the center of the fastener. When a hole is cut in the sheet material by the fastener, the prestretched metal resiliently contracts to grip the center section of the fastener. The gripping action between the sheet material and the fastener is further improved by resiliently compressing the center section of the fastener with the die. As the center section is withdrawn from the die, the center section springs outwardly to decrease the size of the recess and grip the sheet material. In addition, the rim is resiliently deflected radially outwardly by the die as metal is forced into the recess.

Abstract: A cylindrical bushing is positioned over the shank of a screw member prior to forming threads on the shank. After the threads are formed, the outside diameter of the threads is greater than the inside diameter of the bushing so that the bushing is held captive on the shank of the screw. A cylindrical sleeve is then inwardly deformed so as to be permanently secured to the bushing. The opposite end of the sleeve facing away from the head of the screw shank extends beyond the bushing and forms a skirt which can be peened over the peripheral inner edge of a panel opening to secure the sleeve to the panel, thereby holding the screw captive to the panel. The end of the bushing next to the underside of the screw head has an increased internal diameter portion for accommodating a spring serving to bias the head and shank away from the bushing so that when the screw is unfastened, it will pop outwardly and release quickly any member to be secured to the panel.

Abstract: A clinch nut having a projecting rectangular pilot and opposed laterally extending flanges. The side edges of the pilot are inclined inwardly from the pilot end face and the flanges have opposed projecting abutment portions extending laterally from the inclined pilot faces to an edge spaced from the side faces of the flanges. The method includes punching a rectangular opening in a panel to receive the nut pilot and ramming the nut abutment portions against the panel to deform the panel beneath the inclined pilot side faces. The nut and nut ram-die are configured to fully seat the nut and fill the spaces beneath the pilot side faces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coupling two metallic members such as a shaft and a disc. The method includes forming an annular groove on a joint face or outer circumference of the metallic member having greater deformation resistance of the two members, for example, forming uneven portions on the bottom of the groove by knurling or the like. Working the other metallic member, for example, the disc; having smaller deformation resistance near its joint face so that the joint face opposing that of the other causes plastic deformation. Causing a part of the disc to fluidize and flow into the groove, thereby coupling both metallic members together.

Abstract: A shaft structure comprising a shaft and a hollow spherical shell having diametrically aligned holes which are of a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft. The shell is secured to the shaft at the aligned holes by radially deforming the shaft. The method for manufacturing the shaft structure includes steps of forming the shell from a tubular blank by swaging the blank so that the opposite ends of the blank bite into the shaft to secure it firmly to the shaft.

Abstract: A rotor of a rotary machine, having a core member consisting of a plurality of hollow pieces, and a rotary shaft which is inserted and secured in a hollow portion of said core member, wherein annular grooves having ruggid bottom are formed in said rotary shaft at positions slightly inside the end surfaces of said core member, and portions of said core member are inserted in said grooves so that said rotary shaft and said core member are fastened together.

Abstract: A coupling process of two metallic members in which a first member to-be-coupled and a second member to-be-coupled are coupled by non-elastically deforming a coupling member. The steps comprise forming a concave portion having an inclined plane on a coupling face of each member to-be-coupled, arranging the members to-be-coupled to make a space therebetween, interposing the coupling member in the space, and applying pressure on the coupling member by using a metal mould to satisfy the following extent:0.ltoreq.S.ltoreq.b3/4bwherein S is the length of rubbing surface of the members to-be-coupled with the coupling member, and b is the distance between the first and second members to-be-coupled.

Abstract: A lock follower, particularly a handle or pressure follower, comprises a hub part consisting of a machined rod-like or tubular material and an arm part consisting of a punched sheet-metal material. The parts are rigidly joined together by flow of material from the arm part to a peripheral groove in the hub part. Preferably the hub part exhibits in the neighborhood of the groove a portion of smaller diameter than the main portion of the hub but of larger diameter than the hole for the hub part in the arm part. Said portion is pressed so far into the hole in the arm part while deforming the material defining the hole that the arm part abuts an abutment in the hub part. Further, the portion of the hub located between the peripheral groove and the abutment preferably has axially extending ridges around the periphery thereof to facilitate flow of material and rigidly securing the two parts together in both axial and circumferential direction.

Abstract: A tube union for forming a joint between adjacent lengths of malleable tubing formed by a pair of push-rings, each push-ring of the pair being the mirror image of the other and disposed in an opposed abutting engagement in a common plane of abutment normal to the axes of the push-ring collectively defining a sleeve-expansion chamber characterized by annular cross sections and tapering in opposite directions from a major diameter in the plane of abutment to a minor diameter in planes uniformly spaced from the sides of a plane of abutment, a malleable sleeve having its mid-portion radially expanded into engaged relationship with the adjacent surfaces of the chamber and further characterized by an internal, tube-coupling cavity substantially conforming to the shape of the sleeve-expansion member, a pair of end portions of lengths of malleable tubing oppositely inserted into the sleeve, each of the end portions being radially expanded into engaged relation with the adjacent surface of the tube-coupling cavity and

Abstract: The invention is a method of making a pressure tight seal for a glow plug characterized by applying a high current to heat a groove (31) in the outer shell (3) of a glow plug while simultaneously pressing together the sealing elements adjacent the groove i.e. an insulator (2), a gasket (1), the flared end (42) of a protective tube (4) and a shoulder (32) within the shell (3). The grooves (31) concentrates the heat and allows the shell to be compressed around the elements of the seal.

Abstract: An electromagnetic clutch includes a pair of rotatable driving and driven members adapted to be electromagnetically coupled together and uncoupled from each other. At least one of the driving and driven members comprises a pair of concentric annular members both made of a magnetizable material and having opposed and radially spaced peripheral surfaces in which annular grooves are formed, respectively. An annular bond member of a non-magnetizable material is swaged into the annular space between the annular magnetizable members and thus into the annular grooves to mechanically connect the magnetizable members as well as to magnetically disconnect them from each other.

Abstract: A pipe coupling for application to plain end pipe and pipe pile by a driving force. It provides much greater tensile strength than the double sleeve type of pipe coupling disclosed and claimed in my U.S. Pat. No. 4,053,247 in that it provides greater strength under tension. In one embodiment, a pair of tapered wedge rings are disposed in spaced coaxial relation within an outer cylindrical sleeve having corresponding tapered inner surfaces to provide tapered annular sockets into which pipe sections may be forced or driven to expand the diameter of the pipe. An annular shoulder on the sleeve forms the bottom of the annular sockets. Under tension, the tapered rings wedge the pipe against the outer sleeve to resist axial removal of the pipe from the coupling socket. In another embodiment, the tapered wedge rings are disposed in coaxial relation outside the cylindrical sleeve to form annular tapered sockets which serve to reduce the diameter of the pipe as it is driven into the socket.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pipe coupling joint comprising an interference fit coupling of unthreaded pipe sections. The end of the outer pipe in a telescoped interference fit coupling is radially compressed to form a groove in the inner pipe. The crimped end is compressed into the groove to securely couple the pipe sections together. Lined pipe joints and methods and apparatus for forming the improved interference fit joint are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for connecting two members to be connected comprises following steps. At first, a circumferential groove is formed on the connecting surfaces of the members to be connected. Secondly, axial recesses are formed on the inner surface of the groove. Thirdly, a connecting member is placed between the members to be connected. The connecting member is made of a material which has a smaller resistance against deformation than the members to be connected has and which has a required mechanical strength. Lastly, the connecting member is pressed and plastically deformed, resulting in that the connecting member flows into the groove and the recesses.

Abstract: An improved locking type spark plug gasket in which the locking lugs are of such configuration as to lie within the vertical height of the sealing folds of the gasket. The configuration especially adapts it to receive a synthetic resinous coating applied after manufacture, and facilitates installation on that type of spark plug having an undercut area at the base of the threaded shank portion thereof.

Abstract: A hermetic compressor unit comprising a hermetic casing containing a compressor including a cylinder block having an arcuate surface engaging the inner surface of the casing and a suction tube assembly for connecting the compressor to a refrigeration system. The suction tube assembly comprises a connector including an end portion extending into an opening in the casing in alignment with a suction passage in the cylinder block. A tubular sleeve member chosen from the group of metals having a higher ductility than steel has a first portion arranged in the suction passage and a second compressible portion arranged in the connector. A steel tubular fitting includes a first portion press fit into the first portion of the sleeve member and a second portion dimensioned to engage and collapse the compressible second portion of the steel fitting to simultaneously effect a fluid tight seal in the suction passage and connector thereby sealing the compressor casing and suction tube assembly to the compressor.

Abstract: An attachment tool and method for attaching a connector to a plastic-cove optic fiber, said connector formed with a bore slightly smaller than the covered fiber but slightly larger than the fiber core, the tool comprising a block of rigid material having a flat surface containing a straight groove running into and away from a central excision, the dimensions of the groove and excision being such that when the fiber is thread through the connector, and the connector is laid in the excision and the fiber in the groove, the fiber is substantially straight and centrally placed within the connector bore. A heater is used to heat the connector and soften the covering so that the fiber can be pulled through the bore by extrusion of the covering. The covering, which now fills the bore around the fiber core, is allowed to cool and harden, and the protruding fiber is cut off flush with the end of the connector.

Abstract: A first part formed of hard metal to be joined to a second part of soft or malleable metal has an end portion of reduced diameter which is machined in the junction zone between the normal portion and the end portion of the first part in such a manner that the junction profile is a surface of revolution about the axis of the assembly and forms a groove. The junction surface is defined by a first portion of conical surface having a vertex directed towards the first part and by a second portion of conical surface directed towards the first part, the junction between the two portions of conical surface being formed by a beaded edge. The two parts are placed in a press in order to insert the edge of the second part into the groove of the second part.

Abstract: A vibrating wire stress meter and the method used to clamp its wire in position. The wire is highly tensioned diametrically across the sides of a hollow metallic cylinder and held there by two anchor tubes. A wedge and platen assembly in turn hold this cylinder in a rock borehole such that small stress changes in the surrounding rock cause the diameter of the cylinder to slightly change. This cylinder variation is transmitted to and measured by the preloaded wire by noting variations in its frequency or period of vibration. To cause the wire to vibrate a coil, magnet, and yoke are used as a plural pole electromagnetic plucker.Clamping of the wire is accomplished by highly tensioning the wire between two opposite hollow tubes that are seated in opposite aligned countersunk holes of the cylinder and then extruding the steel tubes around the wire. The wire extends through holes of those hollow tubes as well as the aligned holes in the cylinder walls which are diametrically opposite each other.

Abstract: Grinding machine adapted for changing of grinding wheels on a grinding spindle bolt of the kind in which the grinding wheel is fixed to the grinding spindle by introducing the spindle bolt in a bushing provided in a centrally located bore in the grinding wheel, and is removed from the spindle bolt by being axially pulled off said spindle bolt, characterized by that the envelope surface of the spindle bolt is provided with at least one ridge, which is arranged in the form of a helix with a great pitch.

Abstract: An HF-coaxial connector including a connector body and a coupling ring outside the connector body: the connector body has an outwardly projecting flange; the coupling ring has an internally projecting flange and the flanges respectively project outwardly and inwardly sufficiently that the flanges lock to block separation of the connector and coupling ring; and a process for forming the connection by deforming the coupling ring inwardly to define the flange which engages the connector body.

Abstract: A method of forming an internal conical surface on the counterbore of an annular antifriction-bearing locking collar is disclosed which comprises the steps of providing one end of the collar with a counterbore having a circumferential side wall, and deforming relative to the axis of the counterbore at least a portion of the periphery of the counterbore by forcing a corresponding portion of the circumferential side wall of the counterbore generally radially inwardly to thereby form the internal conical surface on the counterbore.

Abstract: A self-piercing riveting system comprising a headless rivet made from steel or a suitable material that provides compressive strength superior to that of the materials to be riveted together and of a height or thickness equal to the sum of the materials to be riveted, the said rivet having flat end surfaces and its body being peripherally concaved between its ends, a die having an opening therethrough of the size and shape of the piercing end of the rivet, and a punch for driving the rivet through the materials to be fastened, the said die and punch each being provided with staking lugs for engaging the margins of the pierced opening through the said materials so as to cause the materials to flow radially against the concaved body of the rivet.

Abstract: Spiral wound gasket assembly and method of making same, wherein a spiral wound gasket ring is positioned in an inner groove in a metal gauge ring and a deformation is formed in the gauge ring adjacent the groove to reduce the size of the gauge ring groove to retain the gasket ring within the groove.

Abstract: A composite metal pipe or tube is formed by cold sink drawing a first pipe to work-harden the walls thereof, and then telescoping a softer pipe thereover and cold sink drawing the telescoped combination to stretch and compress the outer pipe over the work-hardened inner pipe.

Abstract: A shaft seal with a reformable shell and a seal lip which can be readily installed over a roughened, enlarged or irregular portion of a shaft and then be reformed so that the sealing lip is brought into proper sealing engagement with the shaft.

Abstract: A generally cylindrical metallic member of hardened steel, especially a race for a journal bearing, is fitted into or around a supporting element of relatively deformable metal, such as structural steel, having a face perpendicular to the cylinder axis. The hardened metallic member has a peripheral groove into which some of the material of the supporting element is extruded by indenting the perpendicular face, preferably by a circular array of notches.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for encapsulating an electrical or electronic component such as, for example, an electrolytic capacitor, in a metallic housing whose opening is obturated by a resilient plug through which project the terminals of the encapsulated electrical or electronic component, by providing the housing with an enlarged neck portion through which the electrical or electronic component is inserted into the housing and across which the resilient plug is disposed, by subsequently reducingthe width of the housing neck and by crimping or beading the edge of the housing opening such as to hold the plug in tension in position in the neck of the housing.

Abstract: A furniture assembly, such as a metal box spring assembly, including slats defining support members for a plurality of coil springs. An aperture is formed in the metal support slat with an upset portion disposed about the periphery of the aperture and out of the plane of the support member and the tail of the coiled spring is inserted into the aperture and thereafter the upset portion is flattened toward the plane of the support member to force the periphery of the aperture into gripping engagement with the tail of the coil spring to retain the coil spring to the support member. The upset portion has a groove therein for receiving a radially extending support portion of the coil spring for receiving and positioning the radially extending support portion of the coil spring thereby positioning the entire spring.

Abstract: A method of making an electrical connector, which has a shell, an insert member and a wafer member, said insert member and wafer member stacked in the shell having apertures therein for receiving electrical terminals, the method including assembling the insert member with the wafer member with the apertures in the member and wafer aligned, wrapping a deformable laminate around the members, inserting the assembled members and laminate into the shell with the insert member, engaging a forward-face of the shell, then inserting a first sleeve into the shell in engagement with the laminate and applying a force to the sleeve to deform the laminate in the space between the shell and the insert member and wafer member. The deformed laminate preferably substantially fills the forward portion of the shell and is coated with a thermo-setting material which may be cured to more completely fill the forward portion of the shell. A grommet and a seal may be assembled with the insert member.

Abstract: An electric heating element assembly includes a solderless fitting for sealably securing a sheathed heating element through an aperture in a container wall or bulkhead, such as in a dishwasher or the like. The fitting includes a cylindrical sleeve positioned over the sheath of the heating element and through the aperture. A radial flange on the fitting is drawn tight against a gasket and the wall by means of a fastener on the outside surface of the sleeve to secure a watertight seal between the fitting and the wall. The sleeve is attached to the sheath by means of an annular lip on the face of the flange, circumferential portions of this lip being axially compressed during assembly so as to radially-inwardly deform corresponding circumferential portions of the sleeve and the sheath to obtain a rotationally-locked liquid-sealing engagement therebetween.

Abstract: Method of securing a nut to a support plate including the steps of forming an aperture in the support plate complementary to the configuration of the nut, inserting the nut in the aperture, and forcing the nut into frictional engagement with the support plate and swaging peripheral portions of the support plate surrounding the aperture into engagement with and over peripheral portions of one end of the nut to lock the nut into the aperture thereby securing the nut to the support plate.

Abstract: By covering a grip of a metallic bat with a grip cover made of hard rubber and forcing at least one pin or cotter to penetrate through grip end and the grip, the metallic bat of the present invention can avoid the disadvantage of conventional metallic bats whereby the grip may become removed and fly out from the grip cover to cause an unforeseen accident on swinging the bat. It is thus possible to provide a safe and functional metallic bat.

Abstract: A tube fitting for a large diameter tube comprises a coupling body having a bore, a counterbore adapted to receive such tube, and a rearwardly opening generally frusto-conical camming mouth adapted to surround the tube when inserted in the coupling body. A front and back ferrule are provided which are adapted to be snugly received upon the tube. The front ferrule is defined by a nose portion adapted to engage the camming mouth. The rearward end of the front ferrule is provided with a camming mouth adapted to be engaged by a nose portion of the back ferrule. The rearward end of the back ferrule is provided with a back face adapted to be engaged by a complementary surface of a coupling nut which is threadedly engaged with the coupling body.

Abstract: A fiber optic seal assembly tool has a stripper for stripping a predetermined length of tubing from an end of a fiber optic bundle. The stripped end is inserted in a seal block and the block is gripped in a hand tool. An actuating lever is squeezed, biasing bundle clamps closed, and sliding a grooved anvil toward the block to press a collet chuck which holds the fiber ends into the block. When the collet is pressed into the block, ends of the fibers are sheared by a knife which moves in the anvil opening.

Abstract: A lockring tube joint, including an inner and an outer axially overlapping tube member, and a lockring having internally an initial cone frustum zone joined at its smaller end to a cylindrical zone, and a subsequent cone frustum zone joined at its larger end to the cylindrical zone; the tube members being dimensioned to undergo corresponding radial compression in the regions of the cone frustum zones upon assembly of the lockring thereon. Other embodiments of the lockring being provided with additional cone frustum zones and cylindrical zones, and other embodiments of the tube members having localized ribs to provide corresponding localized constriction for increased bonding and sealing engagement between the tube members.

Abstract: A method of producing an oscillating weight for an automatic wristwatch. The oscillating weightcomprises a heavy-metal segment and a metallic center portion having a flanged rim. For attaching the center portion to the heavy-metal segment, an arcuate groove is formed in the upper surface of the segment, the flanged rim of the center portion is axially inserted in the groove which is slightly wider than the flanged rim, and at one or more locations a portion of the segment is wedged over the rim or a portion of the rim is wedged in the groove by exerting a localized pressure substantially at right angles to the plane of the center portion.

Abstract: An electric heating element assembly includes a solderless fitting for sealably securing a sheathed heating element through an aperture in a container wall or bulkhead, such as in a dishwasher or the like. The fitting includes a cylindrical sleeve positioned over the sheath of the heating element and through the aperture. A radial flange on the fitting is drawn tight against a gasket and the wall by means of a fastener on the outside surface of the sleeve to secure a watertight seal between the fitting and the wall. The sleeve is attached to the sheath by means of an annular lip on the face of the flange, circumferential portions of this lip being axially compressed during assembly so as to radially-inwardly deform corresponding circumferential portions of the sleeve and the sheath to obtain a rotationally-locked liquid-sealing engagement therebetween.

Abstract: Ball-ender apparatus for securing an annular ball to a wire musical instrument string. A carriage reciprocable between front and rear positions carries a rotatable ball support spindle. An upstanding ball feed tube receives a column of balls from an oscillating hopper and has retractable gating pins for dropping a ball at a time on the forward end of the ball support spindle. Wire is fed behind the ball and past a substantially L-cross-section guide plate. The length of wire fed is determined in proportion to rotation of a timing wheel. A de-reeling device leads the wire from a supply reel in a serpentine path and reduces starting tension on the wire. Upon rearward movement of the carriage, spindle and ball, which severs the fed wire length upstream of the ball and forms the wire length into a U-shape about the ball, clamp actuator cones cause clamp members to engage the legs of said wire U-shape forward of the ball tightly.

Abstract: A constrictor ring and tube joint formed thereby in which the constrictor ring is provided with a tapered bore and which is also tapered externally in such a manner that the end having the smaller internal diameter also has the greater external diameter. The constrictor ring is internally dimensioned to be partially received on a collar or coupling connecting the ends of two tubes placed in abutment or the enlarged or bell end of a tube which receives the plain end of a mating tube and then is forced over the collar or bell end to cause local annular compression of the collar or bell end sufficiently to cause corresponding annular compression of the tube within and produce a high strength fluid tight tube joint.

Abstract: Spiral wound gasket assembly and method of making same, wherein a spiral wound gasket ring is positioned in an inner groove in a metal gauge ring and a deformation is formed in the gauge ring adjacent the groove to reduce the size of the gauge ring groove to retain the gasket ring within the groove.

Abstract: A method of making a dynamically balanced integral clutch housing and bearing assembly from a flat sheet metal disc by a roller spinning tool. A bearing and the metal disc is mounted on rotating die means between headstock and tailstock die form assemblies of a spinning machine. The spinning tool presses the disc against an end of the bearing to provide a bottom web wall of a cup-shaped bearing housing. The spinning tool then moves in a series of passes along the bearing outer race and along the headstock die form thereby rolling, forming and ironing rotating outer metal portions of the disc against the bearing and die, and forming an annular circumferential flange wall of the bearing housing which terminates in an annular shoulder. The bearing is telescopically mounted and retained within the bearing housing by the side and web walls and retaining shoulder.

Abstract: A stylus is assembled from a plastic tip having an axial bore and an ink tube in said bore centered therein and welded thereto. Ultrasonic welding is used for softening and partially melting the tip. On switching off the ultrasonic energy source, the molten portion of the tip hardens and provides a strong bond between the tip and the ink tube.

Abstract: A lens suitable for implantation in the eye is provided with laterally extending iris clips each having at least one of its ends locked within the body of the lens. The clips are initially extended through close-fitting openings, terminally beaded and forcefully retracted sufficiently to bury their beaded ends within the lens body. Cold flow of lens material around the beaded ends locks the clips in place.

Abstract: A tube coupling joint comprising a tube having an enlarged end, a body having a bore to receive the tube end and having a cam surface leading to the bore, a sleeve having an inner end with a transverse shoulder contracted to a diameter less than the tube diameter with the sleeve shoulder embedded within the tube adjacent the expanded portion of the tube, and a nut holding the sleeve into engagement with the cam surface whereby the cam surface maintains the sleeve shoulder in its embedded position.

Abstract: A self-clinching fastener and method of engagement thereof with an aperture section of sheeted material. The fastener includes a shank portion and an enlarged head, said shank portion having a tapered extruding section thereon of larger diameter than the aperture in said sheet material. The initial assembly steps resulting in said extruding section engaging and deforming a portion of the sheet material about said aperture to resize said aperture to a predetermined diameter, such that said shank will now be closely engaged with the aperture walls, and if desired the effective length of said aperture may be increased by the production of a rimmed hole. Accordingly, upon the further embedding of the fastener head into said sheet material, a portion of said material will be displaced radially inwardly to fill a relatively wide annular groove formed in said fastener shank thereby assuring a firm mechanical interlock.

Abstract: The invention is designed to produce a more economical means of closing drilled passage holes in hydraulic and/or pneumatic systems either during manufacture and/or repair. The process involves pressing a ball, or diametral portion thereof, with a diametral interference fit, and of similar material as the parent part to be sealed, into the drilled hole causing a seal of the hole by relying on the curvature of the surface of the ball or plug to plastically deform and maintain a depressional diametral seal within the elastic limits of the seal and the parent material for sealing, and then crimping the parent material to be sealed over the end of the ball or plug to maintain it in position against pressure blow out. Alternate methods of holding the ball in position might include a line spot fusing utilizing a current passing through the ball to make the bond permanent, or a ring furnace fusing and/or other such fusing and partial staking procedures to bond the ball in place as an integral part of the unit.

Abstract: Spiral wound gasket assembly and method of making same, wherein a spiral wound gasket ring is positioned in an inner groove in a metal gauge ring and a deformation is formed in the gauge ring adjacent the groove to reduce the size of the gauge ring groove to retain the gasket ring within the groove.