Abstract: Techniques are disclosed herein for automatically self-disabling a memory die in the event that a programmable element on the memory die for indicating whether the memory die is defective cannot be trusted. Memory die are provided with chip enable circuitry to allow particular memory die to be disabled. If the programmable element can be trusted, the state of the programmable element is provided to the chip enable circuitry to enable/disable the memory die based on the state. However, if the programmable element cannot be trusted, then the chip enable circuitry may automatically disable the memory die. This provides a greater yield for multi-chip memory packages because packages having memory die with a programmable element that cannot be trusted can still be used.

Abstract: An analyte measurement system is provided having sensors with embossed test chamber channels. In one embodiment, the sensors are elongate test strips for in vitro testing, each test strip having a substrate, at least one electrode, an embossed channel in the electrode, and lidding tape covering at least a portion of the embossed channel. Methods of manufacture are also disclosed for filling the sensor channels with reagent, and for trimming the ends of the sensors to eliminate the need for a calibration code during use of the sensors with a meter.

Abstract: Though the initial concept of the face-mounted resonator was ahead of fabrication technology, the solidly-mounted resonator (SMR) is now a practical resonator design yielding high Qs in a space-efficient and robust mounting configuration. An agile tunable piezoelectric SMR is now provided with a resonator and alternating stacks of high mechanical impedance and low mechanical impedance, piezoelectric layers advantageously stacked on a substrate with the piezoelectric layers connected to an adaptive circuit that alternates with an external electrical impedance having values anywhere between an open circuit and a short circuit.

Abstract: A detection circuit for use in detecting hazardous conditions includes a first conductor (142) and a second conductor (144). The first conductor and the second conductor couple at least one initiating device (138) to a detection control panel (104) configured to detect hazardous conditions. A voltage-stabilizing device (140) is configured to stabilize a voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor. A method of assembling a detection system includes coupling a first conductor and a second conductor to at least one initiating device to form a detection circuit, and coupling a voltage-stabilizing device to the first conductor and the second conductor, wherein the voltage-stabilizing device is configured to stabilize a voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor. The first conductor and the second conductor are coupled to a detection control panel configured to detect a hazardous condition.

Abstract: An encoder includes a position data obtainer that obtains superordinate data representing a position of a moving body in a superordinate section and subordinate data representing a position in a subordinate section repeated in a superordinate section with higher resolution than that of the superordinate data, a storage in which a correction value that can correct a deviation amount occurring in the superordinate data against the subordinate data is recorded to be associated with an absolute position with resolution nearly equal to that of the superordinate data, a corrector that obtains the correction value from the storage and corrects the superordinate data, and a section identifier that identifies, based on the superordinate data corrected by the corrector and the subordinate data when the superordinate data is obtained, the subordinate section in which the subordinate data is obtained against the superordinate section.

Abstract: An approach is provided in which a pH-indicating compound is incorporated in a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board includes a number of layers with the pH-sensitive indicator being incorporated in one of the layers. Conductive pathways are formed from a conductive sheet laminated onto an outer surface of the printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is exposed to a pH-activating solution. Plated-through hole defects in the printed circuit board are identified by detecting a color formation at a surface location of the printed circuit board that corresponds to the plated-through hole defect. Another approach is also provided where a pH-activating compound is incorporated in one of the layers of the printed circuit board which is then exposed to a pH-indicating solution to produce the color formation that identifies the location of the plated-through hole defect.

Abstract: An electronic part mounting method including introducing electronic parts in a bulk form into a bulk feeder, transferring the introduced electronic parts to at least one inspection unit by use of a rotatably installed positioning wheel, inspecting and aligning the electronic parts, transferring the inspected and aligned electronic parts to a part insertion unit by use of the positioning wheel, inserting the electronic parts, determined as good ones by the inspection unit, into the part insertion unit, and picking up the electronic parts received in the part insertion unit to mount the electronic parts on a board.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a ferrite magnet device including a ferrite body and first and second center electrodes arranged so as to intersect and be electrically insulated from each other and a permanent magnet arranged to apply a direct current magnetic field to the ferrite body and a method for manufacturing an isolator or a composite electronic component, which include the ferrite magnet device. A magnetic force of the permanent magnet is adjusted using a measurement jig and a magnetic force adjusting apparatus while the permanent magnet is fixed to a principal surface of the ferrite body.

Abstract: Method for aligning electrical contacts of first and second electronic circuits or assemblies, the first and second electronic circuits or assemblies each being provided with alignment features. The method includes placing electrical contacts of the second electronic circuit or assembly in contact or near contact with electrical contacts of the first electronic circuit or assembly. An alignment condition of alignment features of the first and second electronic circuits or assemblies are electrically sensed during the contact or near contact to obtain sensing information. The sensing information is stored and analyzed to determine a movement to be caused between the first and second electronic circuits or assemblies to achieve an improved alignment condition. Each of the alignment features comprises a plurality of alignment elements. The electrically sensing step electrically senses an alignment condition of alignment elements of alignment features of the first and second electronic circuits or assemblies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for generating an electron beam, comprising: a cathode; a housing which has an opening formed at one side thereof such that the cathode is coupled to the opening, and which has a resonant cavity formed therein; and a gasket interposed between the cathode and the housing such that the gasket is compressed in accordance with the coupling strength between the cathode and the housing so as to shut off the resonant cavity from the outside.

Abstract: The method according to the present invention includes the steps of: sequentially applying a plurality of different voltages to an MR element and sequentially detecting output signals from the MR element; and eliminating the MR element as a defective product when an evaluation value, based on a difference of SN ratios of the output signals from the MR element respectively obtained for each applied voltage, is less than a threshold value, and selecting the MR element as a non-defective product when the evaluation value is greater than or equal to the threshold value.

Abstract: The invention describes apparatus for designing and installing power distribution systems for: residential, commercial and industrial applications, as well as for power distribution within electro-mechanical devices. The invention transforms existing labor-intense installations into practically plug-and-power type modular systems. For a specific project, pre-designed, fabricated and tested kit, including factory assembled and tested: power and control enclosures, power outlets and junction boxes, interface cables, as specified by the invention, will be delivered directly to the installation site. No labor intense operations: wire crimping, outlet/switch wiring, junction box wiring, load wiring. No exposed hot wires or leads at any point outside enclosure. The invention will: significantly lower labor costs, reduce installation time, improve safety, reliability and quality.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling a gap in a circuit breaker, the circuit breaker configured to interrupt a circuit by separating a movable contactor from a fixed contactor as a cross bar is pressed to be rotated by a pressing member due to bending of a bimetal, the method including: a gap forming step of bending the bimetal by apply of a set current, in a state where the pressing member is coupled to a coupling hole so as to be freely-movable, the coupling hole formed at an upper part of the bimetal; and a gap fixing step of interrupting the set current when a prescribed time has lapsed, and of welding the pressing member to the bimetal.

Abstract: A quick disconnect field instrument display assembly for assembling a display meter with a communication module. A snap-fit locking feature and a tab each mounted on both sides of a display meter housing locks with a receptacle tab located on a communication module housing in order to rotate the display with 90° indexing (360° display rotation). A printed circuit board can be firmly snapped into the display meter housing with the snap-fit locking feature on both sides and a display unit can be mounted in parallel to the display meter housing in order to restrict movement of the printed circuit board. A snap feature located on the inner side of the communication module housing secures a communication board and a number of tabs on the communication module housing facilitate 360° rotation with respect to the display meter housing.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a test instrument and a set of leads having proximal ends coupled with the test instrument is described. The method includes shorting the distal ends of the set of leads during calibration and zeroing the test instrument during the shorting. The shorting includes coupling an electrical conductor with at least two of the distal ends.

Abstract: Electronic components on a substrate may be shielded using electromagnetic shielding structures. Insulating materials may be used to provide structural support and to help prevent electrical shorting between conductive materials and the components. The shielding structures may include compartments formed using metal fences that surround selected components or by injection molding plastic. The shielding structures may be formed using metal foil wrapped over the components and the substrate. Electronic components may be tested using test posts or traces to identify components that are faulty. The test posts or traces may be deposited on the substrate and may be used to convey test signals between test equipment and the components. After successful testing, the test posts may be permanently shielded. Alternatively, temporary shielding structures may be used to allow testing of individual components before an electronic device is fully assembled.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the fabrication of a tunable radio frequency (RF) power output filter that includes fabricating a core body and then forming a plastically deformable metallic shell over the exterior surface of the core body.

Abstract: A method is provided for preparing a plurality of groupings of light-emitting diode (LED) lights, where each grouping comprises a plurality of LEDs that fall within a specified color range from respective target x, y color points, comprising: receiving a source group of LEDs from a supplier, the source group having a specified color range; measuring a color value for each LED in the source group with a color sensor; storing the measured color value along with a unique LED identifier; creating a first grouping of LEDs within the specified color range from a first target x, y color point by identifying a plurality of LEDs from the stored color values that fall within the specified color range and doing the same for a second grouping of LEDs. Lighting assemblies are constructed based on the group associations.

Abstract: An underwater optical fibre cable includes two end portions, an extruded metal tube, at least one optical fibre and a polymeric sheath surrounding the extruded metal tube. The at least one optical fibre is housed in loose configuration in the extruded metal tube. The cable includes a controlled cathodic protection system connected to one of the end portions of the underwater cable and includes an anode bed arranged outside the underwater cable and an electric connection connecting the anode bed to the extruded metal tube of the underwater cable at one of the end portions of the underwater cable.

Abstract: A space transformer for a semiconductor test probe card and method of fabrication. The method may include depositing a first metal layer as a ground plane on a space transformer substrate having a plurality of first contact test pads defining a first pitch spacing, depositing a first dielectric layer on the ground plane, forming a plurality of second test contacts defining a second pitch spacing different than the first pitch spacing, and forming a plurality of redistribution leads on the first dielectric layer to electrically couple the first contact test pads to the second contact test pads. In some embodiments, the redistribution leads may be built directly on the space transformer substrate. The method may be used in one embodiment to remanufacture an existing space transformer to produce fine pitch test pads having a pitch spacing smaller than the original test pads.

Abstract: A clamping mechanism having a top and bottom orientation, comprising: (a) an inner component having a platform defining a fiber channel and a clamping member disposed over the fiber channel, the clamping component being connected to the inner component such that it moves radially independently from the rest of the inner component, the inner component defining a cavity above the clamping member to receive an actuator; (b) an outer casing containing the inner component, the outer casing defining a slot; and (c) an actuator comprising a rotating member disposed in the cavity and restrained therein from moving radially, the rotating member being configured to rotate along an axis parallel to the fiber channel, the rotating member configured to interact with the clamping member such that rotating the rotating member causes the clamping member to move toward the fiber channel such that any fiber disposed therein is clamped between the clamping component and the platform, the actuator also comprising a lever connect

Abstract: An interconnection component includes a substrate, and an active through-substrate via (TSV) penetrating through the substrate. Active metal connections are formed over the substrate and electrically connected to the active TSV. At least one of a dummy pad and a dummy solder bump are formed at surfaces of the interconnection component. The dummy pad is over the substrate and electrically connected to the active TSV and the active metal connections. The dummy solder bump is under the substrate and electrically connected to the active metal connections. The dummy pad and the dummy solder bump are open ended.

Abstract: The method for producing a lithium ion secondary battery includes: selecting a positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet, and separator sheet; constructing an electrode assembly by superimposing the selected sheets; and housing the above electrode assembly in a battery case along with an electrolyte solution. In the method, at least one of the sheets is selected such that it satisfies the relationship 0.8<a/b<1.5 where a and b represent the slopes of straight lines respectively that are determined in tests under the respective conditions of (1) a high-rate loading-unloading cycle and (2) a low-rate loading-unloading cycle.

Abstract: The present application is directed towards systems and methods for efficient installation of optical and electrical cable in watercraft. A manufacturer may terminate one end of a cable in a location removed from the watercraft, allowing use of automated cable termination machines for efficiency and consistency of terminations. The single-terminated cable may then be brought to the watercraft and installed by pulling or routing the unterminated end through ductwork and pipes, watertight bulkhead throughways, and cable trays and ladders as necessary, prior to termination. Accordingly, more difficult and expensive on-site labor is reduced, and reliability is greatly increased. Furthermore, many cable tests that require termination but cannot be executed post-installation can be performed prior to installation, to ensure that at least the first termination, performed off-site, is error-free, reducing later troubleshooting and further increasing installation efficiency.

Abstract: Certain embodiments provide a camera module including a lens holder that holds a lens, a transparent substrate disposed below the lens in the lens holder, a driving-device, a substrate including a sensor unit, a driver IC, a plurality of external electrodes electrically connected to the sensor unit and the driver IC, and a wiring for the driving-device. The driving-device is a device which moves the lens in the vertical direction and which is disposed above the transparent substrate in the lens holder. The substrate is disposed below the transparent substrate in the lens holder. The driver IC is an IC which drives the driving-device and which is disposed at a rear side of the substrate. The wiring for the driving-device electrically connects the driving-device with the driver IC.

Abstract: A board-level package includes a printed circuit board, a semiconductor die package mounted on the printed circuit board, a tuned mass structure, and a support structure mounted to the printed circuit board and supporting the tuned mass structure.

Abstract: A tubular structure for fixing a particulate matter detection device including a tubular first holding tube having a fixing structure portion at a first end; and a tubular second holding tube having one end fixed to a second end so that the second holding tube is coaxial with the first holding tube. The particulate matter detection device is prolonged in one direction and having a detecting portion for particulate matter, with a takeout portion of a wiring line disposed in the tubular structure so that the detecting portion projects to the outside from the first end and so that the takeout portion is positioned in the second holding tube, and with the particulate matter detection device fixed to a pipe by the fixing structure portion so that the detecting portion is positioned in the pipe.

Abstract: Example methods include calculating a first number of turns of a shield winding included in an energy transfer element of a power supply. A first number of turns of the shield winding is calculated for the power supply to have a low noise current in an input conductor of the power supply. The method then includes increasing the first number of turns to a second number of turns. The power supply is then operated, which generates a first voltage waveform of a voltage between the input conductor and an output conductor of the power supply. An impedance is then inserted between the shield winding and the input conductor. The noise current is reduced by adjusting a value of the impedance until a second voltage waveform of the voltage between the input conductor and the output conductor reverses polarity to be the opposite of a polarity of the first voltage waveform.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a die with through-silicon vias and radio frequency integrated circuit capabilities and it is vertically integrated with a phased-array antenna substrate. The through-silicon via and a radio frequency integrated circuit is coupled to a plurality of antenna elements disposed on the phased-array antenna substrate where each of the plurality of antenna elements is coupled to the through-silicon vias and radio frequency integrated circuit through a plurality of through-silicon vias. A process of assembling the through-silicon vias and radio frequency integrated circuit to the phased-array antenna substrate includes testing the apparatus.

Abstract: Quickly making changes to etching conditions suppresses the production yield of printed wiring boards from being deteriorated. Disclosed is a method comprising: an etching step that comprises: preparing a conductor-clad base material continuous in a certain direction, the conductor-clad base material (1) having an insulating layer and one or more conductive layers formed on main surfaces of the insulating layer; and subjecting a predetermined region of a conductor layer of one main surface of the conductor-clad base material (1) to an etching process thereby to form a wiring pattern (1a) to be of a product and an inspection pattern (1b) to be used for inspection; a measuring step that measures a line width of the inspection pattern after the etching step; and a control step that controls an etching condition in the etching step based on the measured line width.

Abstract: A method of assembling a disk drive according to the invention comprises steps of: providing a base component of a housing of the disk drive; providing a cover component of the housing; mating the base component and the cover component to form an enclosed housing that encloses disk drive components for operation of the disk drive; and sealing the disk drive using low thermal energy bonding. A hermetically sealed disk drive of the invention comprises: a housing comprising a base and a cover; and disk drive components enclosed within the housing for operation of the disk drive, wherein the housing comprises a bondline continuously extending around a periphery of the housing for sealing the same.

Abstract: A disk drive assembly of the invention comprises: a hard disk drive; a base; and a cover, wherein the base and the cover are mechanically coupled without using essentially any discrete mechanical fasteners to form an enclosed housing comprising internal hard disk drive components between the base and the cover and to irreversibly hermetically seal the hard disk drive. Methods for forming such disk drive assemblies are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for scanning a read/write head of a hard disk drive during manufacture. The method comprises: providing a magnetic sensor; moving the magnetic sensor relative to and in close proximity to the read/write head under test; obtaining measurements from the head under test or the sensor, representing a two-dimensional magnetic map; processing the map to obtain an accurate map of the head sensitivity of the head under test from which the key performance characteristics of the head can be obtained.

Abstract: Systems and methods (the “utility”) presented herein provide for the assessment of acousto-electrical probes, such as their connections (e.g., transducer leads) and their response characteristics. For example, the utility may provide for readily evaluating transducer leads that have been broken and/or detached from transducers within an ultrasound probe. Due to the increasing complexity of ultrasound probes, identification of broken and/or detached transducer leads also becomes increasingly complex. Being able to identify such disconnected transducer leads may enable a person to repair, or “reterminate”, these transducer leads leading to a potentially substantial cost savings, the least of which being incurred by avoiding total replacement of an ultrasound probe.

Abstract: Diagnostic tools for testing integrated circuit (IC) devices, and a method of making the same. The first diagnostic tool includes a first compliant printed circuit with a plurality of contact pads configured to form an electrical interconnect at a first interface between proximal ends of contact members in the socket and contact pads on a printed circuit board (PCB). A plurality of printed conductive traces electrically couple to a plurality of the contact pads on the first compliant printed circuit. A plurality of electrical devices are printed on the first compliant printed circuit at a location external to the first interface. The electrical devices are electrically coupled to the conductive traces and programmed to provide one or more of continuity testing at the first interface or functionality of the IC devices. A second diagnostic tool includes a second compliant printed circuit electrically coupled to a surrogate IC device.

Abstract: An electric machine contains a rotor which contains a first longitudinal section at the ambient air temperature and a second longitudinal section cooled at least partially to cryogenic temperature, a coolant inlet pipe extending into the second longitudinal section, wherein the inlet pipe is set at a distance from the rotor by a radial gap, wherein the inlet pipe in the first longitudinal section is mounted by at least two bearings, wherein the bearings are distributed on axial positions in such a way that upon action of a maximum radial force on the inlet pipe the pipe has a maximum deflection which is smaller than the radial gap. In a method for determining the axial positions, various batches of potential locations are chosen for the axial positions of the bearings, according to potential locations which has a minimum gap greater than zero.

Abstract: A bipolar electrostatic chuck refurbishing process in accordance with an aspect of the present invention does not require physical separation of the two electrodes of the electrostatic chuck. One aspect of the present invention is drawn to method of treating a bipolar electrostatic chuck having a front surface and a back surface and comprising a first electrode disposed at the front surface, a second electrode at the front surface and an anodized layer disposed on the front surface, the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing an RF device. The method comprises the steps of (a) forming a metal sheet where interior structure of the RF device is formed; (b) attaching a plastic material housing to the formed metal sheet; and (c) performing silver plating on the RF device on which the plastic material housing is attached.

Abstract: A flexible wiring substrate includes: a flexible base material; a wire provided on the base material; and an inspection wire provided on the base material, having an inspection segment which breaks up under a condition that the inspection segment is folded with not less than a predetermined curvature and a non-inspection segment which does not break up under a condition that the non-inspection segment is folded with not less than the predetermined curvature.

Abstract: A broadband waveguide incorporates various reflection suppression techniques to reduce reflections in signals communicated thereby. The waveguide includes one or more filaments that each include a first and second end. A first matrix may be configured proximate the first end(s) while a second matrix may be configured proximate an intermediate location between the first and second ends. A damping material may cover a portion of the filament(s) that extends from the second matrix to the second end(s) (including the second end(s) themselves) and/or the second end(s) of the filament(s) is/are shaped to at least partially suppress reflections of the signal therefrom. When configured with multiple filaments, at least two of the filaments may have differing lengths that extend from the second matrix and also operate to at least partially suppress reflections of a signal.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a component mounting method and a component mounting device which enable the continuation of fabrication of printed circuit boards even when components run out while executing a component mounting process on one substrate, while suppressing an increase in length of a printed circuit board fabrication line.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an antenna device may include a first step of forming an antenna circuit so that the resonance frequency of the antenna circuit will be lower than an oscillation frequency of the reader/writer. The antenna circuit includes an antenna coil that receives the magnetic field transmitted from the reader/writer and a capacitor electrically connected to the antenna coil. The manufacturing method also includes a second step of affixing a magnetic sheet to the antenna coil via an adhesive. The magnetic sheet is at a face-to-face position with respect to the antenna coil and is configured to change the inductance of the antenna coil. The adhesive is of a film thickness to change the inductance so that the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit will be coincident with the oscillation frequency depending on the spacing between the antenna coil and the magnetic sheet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control system for a wind turbine, comprising an electrical device that is arranged for being used during normal operation of a wind turbine and a power source that is arranged to be used as an emergency power supply to a blade pitch motor, wherein the blade pitch motor is arranged to test at least one property of said power source. The invention also relates to a method for testing a power source.

Abstract: An exemplary electrical device manufacturing method includes the following steps. First, a first electronic module is provided. Second, one or more functions of the electronic module are verified. Third, a support module is provided. Fourth, one or more functions of the support module are verified. Fifth, the first electronic module is attached to the support module so as to form a first integrated module. Sixth, one or more functions of the first integrated module are verified.

Abstract: In the disassembling method of a display device of the present invention, the display device has a display panel, and metal plate unit having a panel member formed of a chassis member disposed on the back surface of the display panel and a circuit board as an electric circuit member attached to the chassis member through an attaching member. The disassembling method has a mounting step of mounting metal plate unit on stage whose tilt angle can be adjusted by mechanism section and a cutting step of cutting the attaching member in parallel with the surface of stage with saw blade that abuts on the attaching member by the own weight of metal plate unit based on the tilt angle of stage.

Abstract: The method and system of high-resistance, multiple-conductor flat cables which contain integral tunable resistance sections suitable for fine tuning the resistance of a conductor to match the resistance of the conductors to one another within a specified target value. The method involves the design and creation of the high-resistance, multiple-conductor flat cables and the tuning of the resistance of the conductor.

Abstract: An electrical connector assembly may include a connector body for receiving a power cable and having at least one T-end having a bore therein. An adapter is configured to be received within the bore in the at least one T-end, wherein the adapter comprises a conductive core coupled to the power cable. A sacrificial cap is configured to engage a portion of the adapter extending from the at least one T-end. The sacrificial cap comprises a sacrificial conductor that is coupled to the conductive core of the adapter and configured to be cut through to confirm that the electrical connector assembly has been de-energized.

Abstract: Manufacturing of magnetometer units (20?) employs a test socket (41) having a substantially rigid body (43) with a cavity (42) therein holding an untested unit (20) in a predetermined position (48) proximate electrical connection (50) thereto, wherein one or more magnetic field sources (281, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336) fixed in the body (43) provide known magnetic fields at the position (48) so that the response of each unit (20) is measured and compared to stored expected values. Based thereon, each unit (20) can be calibrated or trimmed by feeding corrective electrical signals back to the unit (20) through the test socket (41) until the actual and expected responses match or the unit (200) is discarded as uncorrectable. In a preferred embodiment, the magnetic field sources (281, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336) are substantially orthogonal coil pairs (332, 333, 334) arranged so that their centerlines (332-1, 333-1, 334-1) coincide at a common point (46) within the predetermined position (48).

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an antenna device is provided. The manufacturing method includes forming an antenna circuit so that the resonance frequency of the antenna circuit will be lower than an oscillation frequency of the reader/writer and affixing a magnetic sheet to an antenna coil via an adhesive. The antenna circuit includes the antenna coil that receives the magnetic field transmitted from the reader/writer and a capacitor electrically connected to the antenna coil. The magnetic sheet is at a face-to-face position with respect to the antenna coil and is configured to change the inductance of the antenna coil. The adhesive is of a film thickness to change the inductance so that the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit will be coincident with the oscillation frequency depending on the spacing between the antenna coil and the magnetic sheet.

Abstract: A focus free camera module uses fixed lenses within a housing that are combined with an electrically controllable active optical element, such as a tunable liquid crystal lens. The fixed lenses provide a desired amount of optical power, but the manufacturing tolerances of the module are insufficient to ensure a proper focus of an image on an image sensor. The active optical element is therefore used to compensate for any variations in the optical power to achieve the desired focus. To ensure an effective compensation, the module may be constructed so that, when the variation in optical power due to manufacturing tolerances is at a maximum, the desired focus is achieved when the active optical element is at zero optical power. All other variations may then be compensated by adjusting the active optical element to increase its optical power.