Abstract: An electrical connector includes an insulator body including a mating cavity formed by a top plate, a bottom plate and two lateral plates. Two surfaces of the top plate and the bottom plate facing each other have a plurality of terminal trenches. A plurality of conductive terminals are respectively arranged in the terminal trenches of the insulator body. Each of the conductive terminals has a contact portion, a welding portion and a main body portion connected to the contact portion and the welding portion. The welding portions extend out of the insulator body respectively. Each of thicknesses of the contact portions is less than each of thicknesses of the main body portions, or each of widths of the contact portions is less than each of widths of the main body portions.

Abstract: A holding device for a piezoelectric vibrator including a support member (11) for separately accommodating a piezoelectric vibrator (1), a first plate spring member (13) which extends from a proximal end fixedly bonded to one side of the support member (11) so as to sandwich opposing sides of the piezoelectric vibrator (1) and is folded back to be fixedly bonded to the piezoelectric vibrator, and a second plate spring member (18) which extends from a proximal end fixedly bonded to another side of the support member (11) so as to sandwich the opposing sides of the piezoelectric vibrator (1) and is folded back to be fixedly bonded to the piezoelectric vibrator. The first plate spring member (13) and the second plate spring member (18) are integrated at portions fixedly bonded to the piezoelectric vibrator (1).

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator of the invention includes a piezoelectric element, a base body having an upper face on which a lower end of the piezoelectric element abuts, and a case having an inner face on which an upper end of the piezoelectric element abuts, the case being configured to enclose the piezoelectric element, wherein the case includes a flange portion configured to be joined to the base body, and at least two bent portions are present on an inner face that is formed from a lower face of the flange portion of the case to the upper face of the base body on an enclosure space side of a junction between the case and the base body.

Abstract: A piezoelectrically actuated device includes a body, a valve disposed within the body and an actuator for the valve, the actuator including a casing coupled with the body and a piezoelectric element disposed within the casing The actuator further includes a multi-function spring applying a preloading force to the piezoelectric element. The multi-function spring includes a first segment having a piston configured to translate a motion of the piezoelectric element during operation of the actuator, a second segment having at least one flexural element and a third segment having a first set of threads. The first set of threads is engaged with a second set of threads of the actuator and maintains the second segment in a tension state which corresponds with the preloading force.

Abstract: A mirror for a piezoelectric resonator consisting of alternately arranged layers of high and low acoustic impedance is manufactured by at first producing a first layer on which a second layer is produced, so that the second layer partially covers the first layer. Then, a planarization layer is applied on the first layer and on the second layer. Subsequently, a portion of the second layer is exposed by structuring the planarization layer, wherein the portion is associated with an active region of the piezoelectric resonator. Finally, the resulting structure is planarized by removing the portions of the planarization layer remaining outside the portion.

Abstract: A piezoelectric generator that includes a piezoelectric element having first and second surfaces on which a first electrode and a second electrode are disposed. A vibrating plate is bonded to the piezoelectric element such that the first surface is adjacent thereto. The vibrating plate includes a first bend disposed at a first side of a vibrating-plate main section to which the piezoelectric element is bonded and a second bend disposed at a second side thereof. A support member supports the vibrating plate at a location outside the first and second bends. A vibration body including the vibrating-plate main section and the piezoelectric element is supported at both ends.

Abstract: A piezoelectric transformer includes: a piezoelectric transducer on whose outer surface an electrode is formed; a case housing the piezoelectric transducer; a terminal disposed to face the electrode; an elastic member in contact with both the electrode and the terminal in the case and having conductivity to bring the electrode and the terminal into mutual continuity; and a folder formed in the case and fixedly holding the elastic member to press-fit the elastic member between the electrode and the terminal.

Abstract: An object is to provide a holding device for a piezoelectric vibrator, which eliminates vibration energy loss and a change in vibration characteristics, and is capable of supplying stable output with high efficiency. The holding device for a piezoelectric vibrator of the present invention includes: a support member (11) of a frame shape or a box shape for separately accommodating a piezoelectric vibrator (1); and a plate spring structure (12) interposed between sides of the support member (11) and the piezoelectric vibrator (1).

Abstract: A receiving sleeve (1) for an actuator body, in particular for holding a piezoelectric stack of a piezoelectric actuator, is used to drive an injector of an injection system for an internal combustion engine. The sleeve is equipped with at least one spring element (10, 11) for centering the actuator body in the receiving sleeve (1) and/or for compensating component tolerances of the actuator body.

Abstract: The invention describes a vibrating tine level detection device, and a method of forming the same, which is particularly suitable for operation in environments subject to rapid temperature change. A piezoelectric stack, which generates vibration of the tine, is located within a cage. The cage is, in turn, located within a hollow body defined by a diaphragm, from which the tines extend, and a wall section. The cage is attached to the inside surface of the wall section, adjacent to the junction between the wall section and the diaphragm. As a consequence, the ability of the cage to maintain a substantially constant compression on the piezoelectric stack is substantially unaffected by thermal expansion or contraction of the wall section.

Abstract: A linear piezoelectric nano-positioner includes an armature configured to be translated along a longitudinal axis and having oppositely-disposed bearing surfaces and oppositely-disposed piezo surfaces, bearing sets engaged with the bearing surfaces of the armature to translatably support the armature, and piezoelectric elements engaged with the piezo surfaces of the armature to translate the armature along the longitude axis.

Abstract: Provided is a self-propelled drive apparatus that enables stable drive and low cost, the apparatus includes: a movable member which has an electromechanical transducer whose one end is fixed to the movable member and the other end is fixed to a drive friction member, which is movably supported by the movable member movably in the first direction, which represents a extension-contraction direction A-B of the electromechanical transducer, where the movable member is supported movably in the first direction; a pair of plate springs which extend in a belt shape in the first direction and sandwich the drive friction member; a base member holding the plate springs in a cantilever manner in the direction of the short sides of the plate springs; and auxiliary springs disposed on the outside of the plate springs to apply elastic force only to both ends of each of the plate springs.

Abstract: A mirror for a piezoelectric resonator consisting of alternately arranged layers of high and low acoustic impedance is manufactured by at first producing a first layer on which a second layer is produced, so that the second layer partially covers the first layer. Then, a planarization layer is applied on the first layer and on the second layer. Subsequently, a portion of the second layer is exposed by structuring the planarization layer, wherein the portion is associated with an active region of the piezoelectric resonator. Finally, the resulting structure is planarized by removing the portions of the planarization layer remaining outside the portion.

Abstract: An ultrasonic actuator includes: a piezoelectric element 10 producing stretching and bending vibrations; driver elements 2, 2 placed on the piezoelectric element 10 so as to be actuated in accordance with the vibrations of the piezoelectric element 10, thereby outputting a driving force; a case 12 for supporting the piezoelectric element 10; and wall-surface supporters 6A and 6B, top-surface supporters 7A and 7B and a bottom-surface supporting part 8 all placed between the case 12 and the piezoelectric element 10 to previously apply compressive forces to non-node parts of the vibrations of the piezoelectric element 10 along the directions of the vibrations.

Abstract: A spring element for pretensioning a piezoelectric actuator is specified, wherein the spring element has a tubular body with recesses. The recesses are each made in the form of a polygon with rounded corners. A piezoelectric actuator with such a spring element is also specified.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator that can be operated in the d31 mode and which controls the potential energy of a spring is disclosed. The d31 mode of operation provides large actuator displacement and the potential energy of the spring significantly increases the force and work produced by the actuator. In a first embodiment, a single piezoelectric element, operating in the d31 mode, controls the potential energy of the spring. In another embodiment, two piezoelectric elements, both operating in the d31 mode, control the potential energy of the spring.

Abstract: A piezoelectric transformer includes: a piezoelectric transducer on whose outer surface an electrode is formed; a case housing the piezoelectric transducer; a terminal disposed to face the electrode; an elastic member in contact with both the electrode and the terminal in the case and having conductivity to bring the electrode and the terminal into mutual continuity; and a folder formed in the case and fixedly holding the elastic member to press-fit the elastic member between the electrode and the terminal.

Abstract: A piezoelectrically actuated device includes a body, a valve disposed within the body and an actuator for the valve, the actuator including a casing coupled with the body and a piezoelectric element disposed within the casing. The actuator further includes a multi-function spring applying a preloading force to the piezoelectric element. The multi-function spring includes a first segment having a piston configured to translate a motion of the piezoelectric element during operation of the actuator, a second segment having at least one flexural element and a third segment having a first set of threads. The first set of threads is engaged with a second set of threads of the actuator and maintains the second segment in a tension state which corresponds with the preloading force.

Abstract: A method of making a piezoelectrically actuated device includes the steps of compressing a piezoelectric element toward a compression state which is based on a target preload for the piezoelectric element, and elastically deforming a casing for the piezoelectric element toward a spring state which is also based on the target preload for the piezoelectric element.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in low frequency vibration energy harvesting (VEH) and with actuators requiring a low deflection force. The apparatus includes a piezo flexure that is loaded with a compressive pre-load force to place the piezo flexure under compression. The piezo flexure may be supported at an intermediate point or at one end thereof. The compressive pre-load force produces flexes the piezo flexure into one or the other of two stable positions, these positions being offset on opposite sides of a longitudinal centerline representing the position of the piezo flexure that would be produced without the compressive pre-load force applied thereto. The compressive pre-load effectively provides a negative spring constant which “softens” the piezo flexure and enhances a responsiveness of the piezo flexure to low frequency vibration energy. The piezo flexure also operates over a much wider frequency bandwidth than conventional systems incorporating a tip mass.

Abstract: To provide an actuator which is easily made a small size and flexible, and has a large displacement. The actuator comprises a rod-shaped actuator element, having one axial end thereof fixed, including a dielectric film made of a dielectric elastomer and a plurality of electrodes arranged via the dielectric film, in the actuator element, the dielectric film extends as a voltage applied across the electrodes becomes large, and a load member connected to the other axial end of the actuator element and fixed in a state in which the actuator element is permitted to be extended axially, characterized in that making large the voltage applied across the electrodes causes the dielectric film to be extended, whereby the actuator element is extended axially according to the tension of the load member.

Abstract: A micromotion mechanism having an ultrasonic motor includes: a fixing base; a moving element supported to be movable in the moving axis direction with respect to the fixing base; an oscillation element having a rectangular geometry including a first plane parallel to the moving axis direction and provided with a plurality of projections and a second plane parallel to the first plane for exciting a plurality of oscillation modes by applying a high frequency voltage signal, and a holding mechanism for holding the oscillation element with respect to the fixing base. The holding mechanism is fixed to a part of the second plane of the oscillation element, and is incorporated with a high rigidity material not including high nonlinearity elements including at least one of a friction sliding unit and a rubber member.

Abstract: An ultrasonic probe includes an ultrasonic transducer which is formed by sequentially laminating an acoustic lens, an acoustic matching layer, a piezoelectric element, and a backing member. The backing member arranged on a surface opposed side of the acoustic matching layer and the acoustic lens arranged to the piezoelectric element contains a synthetic rubber containing a mixture including acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylen-propylene terpolymer (EPDM), and at least inorganic fine powders.

Abstract: The invention relates to a piezoelectric motor comprising a piezoelectric component that is connected to a resonator and a two-dimensional resonator that interacts with a movable. element, the resonator having principal surfaces that are parallel to each other and that are also identical in shape and size. The invention further relates to methods for producing such piezoelectric motors, wherein the resonators are manufactured by cutting a profiled, extruded bar into lengths or by cutting, preferably by punching, from sheet metal having constant thickness. Finally, this invention relates to a method for exciting such a piezoelectric motor, wherein the excitation frequency or frequencies is/are generated by the control electronics as a function of time in response to the respective peak current and/or in response to the respective phase minimum between current and voltage and/or in response to the change in phase.

Abstract: A piezoelectric blades anchoring structure includes an electric input leg which has a resilient end in contact with the piezoelectric blades in normal conditions and a connection end inserting in a circuit board. The resilient end is covered by a protection plate which also covers the electric contact of the piezoelectric blades and is bonded to the piezoelectric blades. The structure thus formed can prevent oxidation from taking place on the electric contact and the electric input leg, and protect the electric input leg from being damaged, and achieve improved electric connection between the piezoelectric blades and the circuit board.

Abstract: The invention relates to a piezoactuator (1) comprising a piezoelectric body (4) and elements for pre-tensioning the piezoelectric body, consisting of a first (2) and a second (3) connecting element for transferring forces to the piezoelectric body (4). The actuator is provided with an element (6) for transferring tensile/pressure forces between the connecting elements (2, 3), said element being at least partially located in a gap (5) in the form of a bore in the piezoelectric body (4). According to the invention, the piezoactuator (1) is set to a defined working curve using the pre-tensioning elements (2, 3, 6). The piezoelectric body (4) is preferably produced by the lamination of piezoelectric layers, into which a gap is drilled after lamination and the component is subsequently sintered.

Abstract: A device for transmitting the deflection of an actuator (2), comprising at least one transmission element (4) that has a first, a second and a third support zone, said first support zone (6) being associated with a counter-support, said second support zone (8) being associated with the actuator, and said third support zone being associated with a control element (20). The at least one transmission element rests on the counter-support with the first support zone under the action of the actuator and displaces the control element with the third support zone by way of a rotational movement about a center of rotation. The at least one transmission element is substantially configured as a plate (5) that is disposed substantially perpendicular to the movement of adjustment and the first, the second and the third support zone are configured as substantially plane surfaces on the plate, further relates to a method for producing the inventive transmission element.

Abstract: A method of designing and manufacturing a piezoelectric component which includes a case, a piezoelectric resonator in the case, a terminal including an external connecting portion extending from an opening of the case, and a spring member to contact the piezoelectric resonator and the terminal in the thickness direction, includes the step of designing the spring member such that the piezoelectric resonator and the terminal are held by a holding pressure in range not larger than Fmax when a spring height is Smax, where a thickness range of the piezoelectric resonator, the terminal and the spring member is not smaller than the minimum value of Tmin and not larger than the maximum value of Tmax, a dimension, range of the case interior is not smaller than the minimum value of Wmin and not larger the maximum value of Wmax.

Abstract: In order to achieve reproducible vibration excitation of a quartz crystal even under the technical conditions which prevail when it is used for monitoring electroplating baths, a mounting for the quartz crystal 7 is proposed. The mounting for the quartz crystal 7 has two holding elements 3, 6, 14 detachably connected to one another as a form-fit, and at least two contact elements 5, 9 on the holding elements 3, 6, 14 brought into electrical contact with the contacting surfaces 32 of the quartz crystal 7. The quartz crystal 7 is fitted with the holding elements 3, 6, 14 and/or the contact elements 5, 9 at least one of the contact elements 9 being configured as a resilient body. The at least one resilient contact element 9 has an end face 34, 134 for electrically contacting the quartz crystal 7, the size of which face corresponds roughly to the size of the quartz crystal 7.

Abstract: A system for making electrical connections to a piezoelectric crystal in a megasonic transducer. The system comprises a printed circuit board, one or more first spring connectors and one or more second spring connectors. The printed circuit board has a first copper trace plated on it that is adapted for electrical connection to the active terminal of an RF generator. A second copper trace is plated on the printed circuit board and is adapted for electrical connection to the ground terminal of the RF generator. The first spring connectors are electrically connected to the first trace and are positioned to make electrical contact with the back side of the piezoelectric crystal. The second spring connectors are electrically connected to the second trace and are positioned to make electrical contact with the front side of the piezoelectric crystal, so that the piezoelectric crystal is exited when the RF generator is in operation.

Abstract: A high power and high torque density piezoelectric motor is developed using torsional actuator tube (stator) directly coupled to the rotor via one or two one way clutches. A cylindrical torsional actuator is comprised of a plurality of tubular piezoelectric ceramic segments poled along their length, aligned in alternate polarity and bonded together with intervening electrodes. When an alternating electric field is applied to the electrodes across adjacent segments to actuate the segments in their shear resonance mode, an end of the cylindrical actuator moves in a direction perpendicular to the length of the cylindrical actuator in response to the applied electric field. In a half cycle torsional motor, the angular motion of the end of the cylindrical actuator is transmitted to a rotor via a one way roller clutch positioned at one end of the cylindrical actuator.

Abstract: Mount terminals (4a, 5a, 6) are formed on end faces of a housing (1). These mount terminals serve to mount the housing (1) on a circuit board and also serves as lead electrodes for the outer and output electrodes of a piezoelectric device to be housed in the case. The piezoelectric device is fixed in the housing (1) by using the lead electrodes (4, 5) integrally formed with mount terminals (4a, 5a) and projections (2, 3).

Abstract: A piezoelectric resonator which can be used as part of a piezoelectric component prevents self-welding of electrodes provided on the surface of a piezoelectric and which include silver with silver coated terminals with which the electrodes abut by forming high fusion point metals on the electrodes. The high fusion point metals include Ni, Cr, W, Ti, Mo, Ni--Cu (monel) or their alloy. The thickness of the high fusion point metal is preferably less than about 1/10 of the thickness of the electrode or less than 1 .mu.m.

Abstract: A piezoelectric transformer having a structure where an electrode on a side of a transformer element and a lead terminal made of a leaf spring on a side of a package are brought into pressural contact with each other by an elastic spring performance of the lead terminal. An angle of inclination is given to a terminal portion of the lead terminal in respect of a base portion, whereby the terminal portion of the lead terminal is opened in a direction of extending the base portion, when the base portion is bent, with a side wall of a case being a fulcrum for the bending, by receiving a static pressing force from a transformer element on the terminal portion. An angle of rotation caused at the terminal portion by bending the base portion is counteracted by this angle of inclination, by which the terminal portion and the electrode of the transformer element are always kept in parallel with each other.

Abstract: A terminal for a piezoelectric device has a first contact portion and a second contact portion which are preferably formed as separate metallic elements. Each contact portion has a protrusion disposed thereon. A lubricant is located between the first contact portion and the second contact portion. The lubricant contains a hydrophilic group tending to form a hydrogen bond with a metal element and a lipophilic group extending in a straight chain from any such hydrogen bond and having a length at least several times that of the hydrophilic group. The lipophilic group has a molecular structure which urges away from the metallic surfaces of the contact portions.

Abstract: A piezoelectric transformer element 1 is supported by a plurality of contact pins 5b provided on a printed wiring board 6. The contact pins are directly contacted to lower electrodes of the piezoelectric transformer element at its nodal points. An insulating case 4 accommodating the piezoelectric transformer element 1 is provided with a plurality of leads 3 which contact upper electrodes of the piezoelectric transformer element 1 at its nodal points. The insulating case 4 and the printed wiring board are combined together to provide electrical connection between the leads and wirings of the printed wiring board.

Abstract: Surface mounting type electronic devices which have a lead terminal which protrudes its external connecting portion from one side of the housing. The surface mounting type electronic devices are, for example, surface mounting type piezoelectric devices such as ladder filters, surface mounting type oscillators and surface mounting type LC filters. On the opposite side of the housing, a dummy metal member for soldering is provided. The dummy metal member has a coming-off prevention. The dummy metal member is fixed to the housing by engaging the coming-off prevention with a locking portion of the housing.

Abstract: A terminal for a piezoelectric device has a base contact portion and a bent contact portion which are preferably formed by folding a metallic material. Each contact portion has a protrusion disposed thereon. A lubricant is located between the base contact portion and the bent contact portion. The lubricant contains a hydrophilic group tending to form a hydrogen bond with a metal element and a lipophilic group extending in a straight chain from any such hydrogen bond and having a length at least several times that of the hydrophilic group. The lipophilic group has a molecular structure which urges away from the metallic surfaces of the contact portions.

Abstract: A piezoelectric buzzer includes a piezoelectric diaphragm stored in a case having a case body and a back cover, and a pair of metal terminals which are electrically connected to the piezoelectric diaphragm and drawn out from the back cover. The metal terminals have terminal drawing portions, terminal fixing portions which are arranged along an inner surface of the back cover, and connecting portions which are bent from inner ends of the terminal fixing portions so that the bent portions are substantially U-shaped as viewed from above while forward ends thereof are separated from the inner surface of the back cover and brought into contact with the piezoelectric diaphragm.

Abstract: A terminal for a piezoelectric device has a first electrode portion, a second electrode portion folded on the first electrode portion, projections on the first and second electrode portions, and further a vibration absorber between the first and second electrode portions. As the vibration absorber, oil, a non-volatile component of oil, silicone grease, polyamide resin, paper, an anticorrosive, a coating agent, silicone rubber, etc. may be used. Another terminal for a piezoelectric device has a sealant between the first electrode portion and the second electrode portion.

Abstract: A piezoelectric component includes an input terminal plate, a series ceramic resonator, an output terminal plate, a parallel ceramic resonator and a ground terminal plate stacked between a first case and a second case. Lead portions of the input terminal plate, the output terminal plate and the ground terminal plate are outwardly projected from the cases. These terminal plates and the ceramic resonators are in pressure contact with each other to attain electrical conduction therebetween and thus, form a single-section ladder type filter.

Abstract: A removable sensor assembly (10) comprises a removable sensor member (15) to be inserted into the opening (27) of an insulated housing (13) mounted on the surface of a PCB (11) and secured thereon by a pair of the contact members (16, 17). The contact members (16, 17) have respective foot portions (19, 20) which are soldered to contact pads (14) on the PCB (11). The removable sensor member (15) is a piezoelectric film sensor mounted onto a hard drive to detect physical shock and to shut the drive down in order to prevent destruction of data thereon. The opening (27) is a slot angled at 45.degree. to the surface of the PCB (11) to allow a three- axis sensing capability as well as reducing the overall height of the insulated housing (13).

Abstract: A piezoelectric filter device having one or more pairs of piezoelectric resonators for forming a ladder-type filter circuit, a plurality of terminal plates including an input and output terminal plates for electro-mechanically holding respective resonators at oscillation nodes, and a casing for containing the piezoelectric resonators and the terminal plates and having an opening which is closed by an insulating filler, in which the opening has an inner peripheral rough surface with which the insulating filler is securly bonded. The casing has a connecting extention extending from the bottom wall thereof which is longer than cranked or bent connecting legs of the input and output terminal plates. Alternatively, each cranked or bent connecting leg has a width larger than that of its tip portion to be connected to a printed-circuit board.

Abstract: A shock load detection device mounted on a disk drive unit. The detection device is comprised of a piezoelectric polymer film encapsulated and electrically shielded by a metallic or metallic coated package. Electrical contacts are provided for on the piezoelectric polymer film and are connected to amplification and comparator circuitry which issues a write fault signal upon detection of external force in excess of a predetermined threshold. The shock sensor may be mounted on the computer disk drive of the unit in such a manner as to be at a 45.degree. angle to each of the x, y and z axis of the orthogonal coordinate system so that linear and torsional forces may be monitored.

Abstract: A piezoelectric component-mounting foil and foil making method are disclosed, whereby a first portion of the foil in a first plane substantially parallel to a second portion of the foil in a second plane are connected by a central portion not in the first or second plane, the central portion having at least one width dimension of the central portion less than at least one length dimension of the central portion. A conductive foil material, appropriate thickness, overall geometry, and, if desired, appropriate notch configuration are selected for a desired implementation of the foil for conductively attaching and at least partially supporting at least one piezoelectric component such as a quartz crystal.

Abstract: An electric terminal particularly designed to establish circuit connection with a piezoelectric ceramic disc employed in a smoke detector alarm horn. The electric terminal comprises a pair of joined and spaced sidewalls disposed in a generally parallel relationship with respect to each other, a contact-beam support wall joining the pair of sidewalls, and a resilient, cantilevered contact beam having a first curved section fixed to the support wall and having a generally straight section formed with a pointed electrical contact adapted to engage the piezoelectric ceramic disc or other electrical load.

Abstract: In a piezoelectric resonator having an ultrathin vibratory portion formed by a cavity made in a piezoelectric block and a thick frame-like rib formed integrally with said vibratory portion and surrounding it, an excess adhesive receiving groove or the like is cut in one marginal portion of the frame-like rib between an adhesive coated region. The resonator is fixedly housed in a package by use of an adhesive coated on one marginal portion of the frame-like rib along the z-axis direction, or by means of elastic pawls without using the adhesive. In this case, one marginal portion of the frame-like rib on the opposite side from a pad deposited on one side of the piezoelectric resonator is bonded to the bottom of the package.

Abstract: There is disclosed a ladder type band-pass filter comprising plural vibrator blocks. Each vibrator block comprises a plate-shaped vibrator arranged in an electrically insulating frame. First and second metallic plates are fixed in the frame, and then, support the vibrator for vibration in the frame by arranging the vibrator between the first and second metallic plates. A pair of leading electrodes are formed on the frame so that a pair of leading electrodes are electrically connected to the first and second metallic plates, respectively, when the first and second metallic plates are fixed in the frame. Plural vibrator blocks are bonded in the axis direction of the frames, and the first and second leading electrodes of plural vibrator blocks are electrically connected so as to produce a ladder type band-pass filter.

Abstract: A ceramic filter including a plurality of ceramic plates contacted by metal plates and enclosed within a housing includes a Teflon membrane having a plurality of bubbles or dimples therein. A curved spring plate is positioned between a wall of the housing and one of the metal plates. The shock absorbing membrane is positioned between the spring plate and the wall of the housing, and the bubbles thereof extend through openings in the spring plate. When the filter is subjected to a force substantially perpendicular to the ceramic plates, the bubbles in the shock absorber cause the edges of the metal plate to deflect upwards and thus support the adjacent ceramic plate so as to avoid shattering or cracking.

Abstract: A tubular piezoelectric oscillator having an electroconductive or non-electroconductive tubular casing, the vacuum interior chamber of which receives piezoelectric oscillating element rectangular plate supported at at least one end thereof by an elastic support element for protecting the piezoelectric oscillating element from thermal deformation and impulsive or vibratory force transmitted from the outside. The interior chamber of the tubular casing is maintained in a vacuum condition by a hermetically sealed pipe-like sealing member or members provided at either one or both axially opposite ends of the tubular casing, at which ends are arranged electroconductive members used as electric leads for extracting an electric oscillating signal from the piezoelectric oscillating element.