Abstract: A color cathode ray tube comprises a panel having an effective portion. The outer surface in the effective portion of the panel is substantially flat or forms a slightly curved plane with a small curvature. The inner surface of the panel has a substantially infinite curvature radius in a direction of the longer axis in at least a central portion of the panel and is curved in a direction of the shorter axis. A difference in thickness of the effective portion of the panel between the central portion and the edge portions diagonally apart from each other exceeds 8 mm and does not exceed 20 mm, and the transmittance of the glass in the central portion of the effective portion is at least 70%. The particular construction enables the vacuum envelope of the color cathode ray tube to exhibit a mechanical strength high enough to sufficiently withstand the atmospheric pressure, though the effective portion of the panel is flattened.

Abstract: Openings are created in a structure by a process in which a plate is furnished with a sacrificial patterned masking layer divided into multiple laterally separated mask portions. A primary layer of actinic material is provided over the masking layer and in space between the mask portions. Material of the primary layer not shadowed by a mask formed with the mask portions is backside exposed to actinic radiation. Material of the primary layer not exposed to the radiation is removed. Segments of the masking layer not covered by exposed material of the primary layer are then removed. Consequently, openings extend through the primary layer where the segments of the masking layer have been removed. The process is typically employed in forming an optical device such as a flat-panel cathode-ray tube display in which the openings in the primary layer receive light-emissive material.

Abstract: A color picture tube satisfies the following conditions. First, a value of df(r)/dr is zero in a first area on an inner surface of a panel which includes a point at which r=0, and is negative in a second area from an outside of the first area to the point at which r=L.sub.d, where r denotes a radial distance from the Z-axis, and f(r) denotes a position of a point on the inner surface of the panel in a direction of the Z-axis, and the point at which r=L.sub.d denotes an outermost point in a diagonal direction of the image display area. Second, a value of d.sup.2 f(r)/dr.sup.2 is negative in a third area from the point at which r=0 to an inside of a point at which r=R.sub.2 being within the second area, is zero at the point at which r=R.sub.2, and is positive in a fourth area from an outside of the point at which r=R.sub.2 to the point at which r=L.sub.d. Third, a thickness of the panel in the second area in the direction of the Z-axis is larger than that in the first area in the direction of the Z-axis.

Abstract: A color cathode-ray tube, and a method for manufacturing this color cathode-ray tube capable of reducing light/dark line patterns produced while the color cathode-ray tube is operated. Exposing light which has passed through a correction lens made of a continuous lens and a discontinuous lens is irradiated onto a photosensitive film of an inner surface of a face panel of the color cathode-ray tube via a shadow mask so as to expose this photosensitive film, and then while using the exposed photosensitive film as a mask, fluorescent dot patterns are formed on a surface of the face panel. The correction lens having a discontinuous plane owns a plurality of light incident planes, a light projection plane for projecting the light entered into the light incident planes outside this light projection plane, and a plurality of level difference planes arranged between the light incident planes located adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A color picture tube is provided with a glass bulb in which the external surface of the effective display area of the face plate is formed substantially flat and a color selection mask, having the curvature projected toward the face plate, provided opposed to the internal surface of the face plate within the glass bulb. Therefore, the external surface is flat, the mechanical shock resistance characteristic is high, a tension can surely be applied to the color selection mask and moreover vibration of the color selection mask can be prevented even if external vibration is applied thereto.

Abstract: Adherence of the phosphor screen to the face panel of a color cathode ray tube is improved by placing a UV-reflective filter on the inside of the face panel prior to photolithographic forming of the screen, in order to reflect transmitted UV light back onto those areas from which the light emerged, thereby effectively increasing the exposure dosage of those areas.

Abstract: A transparent substrate having a glare reducing diffuser surface coating on its outer surface forms a faceplate for attachment to a screen for a cathode ray tube or other display device. The coating has a preferred resolution of at least about 3 lines per millimeter, and the substrate may include an index matching adhesive/medium for attaching said faceplate to a cathode ray tube screen. The diffuser surface coated substrate is bendable and overcoatable with functional coatings such as transparent conductor and/or abrasion resistant coatings. Alternately, the diffuser surface coating may be applied over such functional coatings which are applied to the substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a phosphor screen for a flickerless cathode ray tube comprising the steps of forming red and green phosphor layers on a panel for a cathode ray tube on which a black matrix is formed, forming a blue phosphor layer on said panel on which a black matrix is formed by coating the blue phosphor slurry and drying and forming a double phosphor layer by coating an ultraviolet phosphor slurry on said blue phosphor layer and drying, is provided.

Abstract: A CRT 10 has an evacuated envelope 11 comprising a funnel 15 having a neck 14 and an open end. The funnel 15 is sealed at the open end to a faceplate panel 12 having a luminescent screen 22 formed on a viewing area of an interior surface of the faceplate panel by an electrophotographic screening process. The screen 22 comprises a multiplicity of different color-emitting phosphor elements. A light absorbing matrix 23 has a first portion that includes a multiplicity of openings therein overlying the viewing area of the faceplate panel, and a second portion providing an imperforate border 123 extending beyond the viewing area. The phosphor elements are disposed within the openings in the matrix. A color selection electrode 25 is mounted within the faceplate panel 12, in proximity to the screen 22. An electron gun 26 is centrally disposed within the neck 14 for generating and directing a plurality of electron beams 28 toward the screen 22.

Abstract: A display screen for a cathode ray tube has an adjustable transmission curve in the visible spectral range of (.lambda.) between 380 to 780 nm. The display screen includes: a glass containing an oxide compound and being recyclable by melting under oxidizing conditions and without changing its characteristics and its color; the display screen having a transmission between 70% and 90% and at least one coating applied to the glass; the coating including the oxide compound; and/or, the coating including a component which forms an oxide compound in a melt of coated display screens which oxide component is likewise contained in the glass; and/or, the coating further including TiQ.sub.2 ; and/or, the coating further including titanium or compounds of titanium from which TiO.sub.

Abstract: A cold-cathode discharge display device which includes a fluorescent tube and electrodes containing R.sub.2 O.sub.3-z, where R is an atom or an atom group of rare earth elements, O is oxygen, and z is 0.0 to 1.0, to perform field emission of electrons and emission of secondary electrons. The electrodes are generated with an electron emitting film containing rare earth elements.

Abstract: After adhesive resin is applied to a surface of a flat panel, a front panel is glued thereto. One side of the front panel is contacted to the adhesive resin layer with the front panel tilted toward the surface of the flat panel. Then, the front panel is moved slowly to be close and parallel to the front panel. Finally, the front panel is pressed to the surface of the flat panel. Afterward, the adhesive resin is hardened. It is preferable that the thickness of the adhesive resin applied to the surface of the flat panel is decreasing from the side to which the side of the front panel is contacted, to the opposite side. By the above-mentioned method, an image display apparatus having multilayer structure comprising of a flat panel for displaying image, an adhesive resin layer and a front panel can be manufactured efficiently.

Abstract: A color display device is provided with a black-matrix layer, a phosphor pattern and color-filter layers. The theological behavior of the suspension and/or the evaporation of volatile constituents is influenced by the topology of the color-filter layers, with, in particular, projecting color-filter layers exerting an influence. As a result, variations in thickness between the phosphor layers occur. By reducing the differences in height between a projecting color-filter layer and the black-matrix layer, the variations in thickness between the phosphor layers are reduced and hence the quality of the picture displayed is improved.

Abstract: A field emission display (200) includes a cathode plate (202); a substrate (102) opposing the cathode plate (202); a conductive matrix (104) disposed on the substrate (102) and having via walls (103) defining a plurality of phosphor vias (105); a phosphor (106, 108, 110) disposed within each of the phosphor vias (105); and a gas-adsorption material distributed within the conductive matrix (104). A method for fabricating the field emission display (200) includes the steps of silk-screening onto the substrate (102) a screenable suspension, which is made from a glass, a metal, a gas-adsorption material, and a photo-sensitive material, to form a film; photo-patterning the film to form a phosphor via (105); depositing a phosphor material into the phosphor via (105) to form an anode plate (100); and affixing the cathode plate (202) to the anode plate (100).

Abstract: A color display device for emitting, in operation, red, blue and green light having a substrate provided with a black matrix and only blue and red color filter layers.

Abstract: A light absorptive antireflector comprising a substrate, a light absorbing film formed on the substrate and a silica film formed on the light absorbing film, to reduce reflection of incident light from the silica film side, wherein the geometrical film thickness of the light absorbing film is from 5 to 25 nm, and the geometrical film thickness of the silica film is from 70 to 110 nm.

Abstract: A fluorescent screen display panel includes selectively deposited fluorescent material on a plurality of color-coated transparent electrodes that are formed on a base member. A spacer support layer is formed on the base member between groups of the color-coated transparent electrodes and a further electrode is formed on the spacer support layer. The further electrode is not coated with fluorescent material. Spacer members that support a display panel are also formed on the spacer support layer.

Abstract: A color cathode ray tube includes a faceplate and a phosphor screen provided on the inner surface of the faceplate and including red, green, and blue phosphor layers. A color filter layer is interposed between the inner surface of the faceplate and the phosphor screen. The color filter layer includes color filters opposed individually to the phosphor layers of the phosphor screen and having colors corresponding thereto. Color filters of each color have a higher transmittance for light beams with wavelengths which are in a range of .+-.20 nm of the maximum emission spectrum wavelength of the phosphor layers of the corresponding color than for light beams with wavelengths which are outside the range and which are between 400 nm and 650 nm.

Abstract: A color image receiving tube comprising three color (red, green and blue) phosphor screens on an inner surface of a face-plate; wherein at least two of said three color phosphor screens are coated with pigments; and wherein said three color phosphor screens have a total reflective brightness less than 70% that of three color phosphor screens with no pigment coating. According to the above-mentioned constitution, a color image receiving tube having a higher emisson brightness and contrast is achieved as compared to a color image receiving tube having the same reflective brightness, where the reflective brightness is obtained by lowering the light transmittance of its face-plate.

Abstract: A display screen, in particular a flat display screen, having a glass face plate with a transparent electrode layer of a metal oxide, for example indium-doped tin oxide (ITO), a phosphor layer and an adhesive intermediate layer of an alkali silicate between the electrode layer and the phosphor layer.

Abstract: A phosphor screen (10) formed of respective color phosphor layers (9R), (9G), (9B) and respective color filter layers (4R), (4G), (4B) is formed on the inner surface of the panel (1). In that case, the respective color filter layers (4R), (4G), (4B) are respectively formed between the inner surface of the panel (1) and the phosphor layers (9R), (9G) and (9B). Therefore, the color cathode ray tube can be made high in contrast and in brightness.

Abstract: An adherent polyester film laminate (A) having a coating layer of a composition formed on one side or both sides of a polyester film, the composition comprising, as main components, (i) an aqueous polyester having a secondary transition point of 40 to 85.degree. C. and (ii) a fatty acid bisamide; a polyester film laminate (B) having a hard coat layer formed on the coating layer of the laminate (A); and a polyester film laminate (C) having an anti-reflection layer formed on the hard coat layer of the laminate (B). Since these laminates are excellent in adhesive force, transparency and slipperiness and has an anti-reflection property, they are useful as a face surface protective material for glass and displays.

Abstract: A field-emission display includes a faceplate having an inner or outer surface covered by a depixellation film containing a large number of graded refractive index microlenses. The depixellation film averages or spreads the light illuminated by each pixel so that the illumination intensity is relatively constant across the surface of the pixel. As a result, the viewing characteristics of the field-emission display are improved.

Abstract: A black matrix color cathode-ray tube includes red, green, and blue luminescent patterns, wherein each of the red luminescent patterns has a wider area than each of the green and the blue luminescent patterns. The red, the green, and the blue luminescent patterns may be either of stripe or of dot shape. Preferably, the green and the blue luminescent patterns have a common area. More preferably, each green luminescent pattern has a wider area than each blue luminescent pattern. The cathode-ray tube displays one of red, green, and blue colors even when ones of the red, the green, and the blue luminescent patterns are selectively excited concurrently with others of the red, the green, and the blue luminescent patterns undesirably excited.

Abstract: A FED device is manufactured as a self-aligned structure that allows the FED device to be fabricated in any desired size. The FED device has a transparent face plate with a thin film phosphor layer deposited thereon. A conductive anode layer is deposited on the phosphor layer. This anode layer has apertures allowing electron impingement on the phosphor layer. One or more insulator layers serving as a spacer are deposited on the anode layer. A conductive extraction grid layer is deposited upon the insulator layers. The conductive extraction grid layer, the spacer insulator layers and said anode layer are then etched to form an array of vacuum space holes extending to said phosphor layer. A conformal layer of a material that can be selectively etched is then deposited over the structure. The conformal layer fills and forms cusps over the vacuum space holes.

Abstract: Disclosed are an ultrafine particle film which is effective for the prevention of an electrostatic charge and reflection and can be applied to a large area at a low cost, a cathode ray tube to which the ultrafine particle film is applied, and image display plate to which the ultrafine particles is applied, and a process for producing the ultrafine particle film which comprises attaching a coating solution bath to a Braun tube surface and the like, introducing a containing solution containing anti-reflection SiO.sub.2 ultrafine particles and antistatic SnO.sub.2 ultrafine particles, and elevating up or down on the Braun tube surface and the like at a constant rate.

Abstract: A multicolor luminescent device comprising a color conversion material in which a plurality of shielding layers and a plurality of different color conversion layers are separately and repeatedly assembled on the same flat, alternating with each other, and an organic EL emitting material including a plurality of organic EL elements separately assembled on the same flat at each position corresponding to the plurality of color conversion layers, the color conversion material and the organic EL emitting material being disposed so as to sandwich a transmittable medium between them, characterized in that the distance (d.sub.1) between the color conversion material and the organic EL emitting material and the width (d.sub.2) of the shielding layer satisfy the equation, d.sub.2 .gtoreq.d.sub.1.

Abstract: A double layer phosphor screen comprising a panel having black matrix for a CRT and red, green and blue phosphors on the panel, wherein the phosphor is formed on which the black matrix is not formed and the blue phosphor is formed in double layers, and the CIE Y color coordinate of the blue phosphor for a first layer formed on the panel is 0.045 to 0.065, the CIE Y color coordinate of the blue phosphor for a second layer formed on the first layer is 0.075 to 0.095, improves brightness, color reproducing range and contrast.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacture of color cathode-ray tube for preventing the deterioration of color purity of red phosphor while enhancing the brightness and the contrast of color cathode-ray tube, which comprises steps of forming a black matrix film corresponding to 3 colors of green(G), blue(B) and red(R) onto the panel glass by using 0.067-0.075 g atom (content relative to 1 mol of Y.sub.2 O.sub.3) of europium(Eu) as an activator for red phosphor; forming a 3 color fluorescent film onto said black matrix film, wherein said 3 color fluorescent film consists of green phosphor, red phosphor to which predetermined amount of red pigment having 50-70% of reflectance has been adhered, and blue phosphor to which predetermined amount of blue pigment having 50-65% of reflectance has been adhered; coating an organic film on the 3 color fluorescent film; forming a metal reflective film thereon; and thermally decomposing the organic film at high temperature to obtain a fluorescent plane.

Abstract: A color cathode-ray tube having a good quality of display screen in which a fluorescent dot pattern is formed to have good configuration and positional accuracies.

Abstract: A flat cathode-ray tube includes a three-component structure of a front panel, a screen panel, and a funnel which are jointed by frit paste. The funnel is inwardly projected from the front panel and the screen panel in the horizontal direction to form a level-difference portion for storing fused frit over the whole inner periphery of the joint surface, whereby occurrence of defected sealing can be decreased, and occurrence of resultant air leakage can be decreased.

Abstract: A multi-level conductive matrix structure for separating rows and columns of sub-pixels on the faceplate of a flat panel display device. In one embodiment, the present invention is formed partially of a first plurality of conductive ridges which are disposed on the faceplate between respective adjacent rows of sub-pixel regions. The present invention is further formed of a second plurality of conductive ridges which are orthogonally oriented with respect to and integral with the first plurality of conductive ridges such that a matrix structure is formed. In the conductive matrix of the present invention, the second plurality of conductive ridges have a height which is greater than the height of the first plurality of conductive ridges such that a multi-level conductive matrix is formed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a phosphor suitable for use in a cathode-ray tube, a fluorescent lamp, a radiation intensifying screen, which comprises transparent spherical particles having an average particle size of 0.5 to 20 .mu.m and a ratio of the major diameter to the minor diameter of individual particles in the range of 1.0 to 1.5, and ultrafine particles having a diameter of 0.2 .mu.m less in an amount of 5 wt % or less.

Abstract: A resonant microcavity display (20) having microcavity with a substrate (25), a phosphor active region (50) and front and rear reflectors (30 and 60). The front and rear reflectors may be spaced to create either a standing or traveling electromagnetic wave to enhance the efficiency of the light transmission.

Abstract: The brightness of a color CRT with a pigmented phosphor screen is improved by providing a composite layered screen in which a first layer of the composite layer is a relatively thin, heavily pigmented layer and a second is non-pigmented.

Abstract: A flat-panel display device comprising a substrate, a patterned layer and an absorbing layer, the absorbing layer interposed between the substrate and the patterned layer, the patterned layer being formed of a material having a rate of erosion greater than the rate of erosion of the substrate under powder spraying, and the absorbing layer being of a material capable of absorbing the kinetic energy of particles comprising a powder spray.

Abstract: An europium activated yttrium oxysulfide fluorescencer composition for color cathode-ray tube is disclosed, wherein a first red fluorescencer with predetermined particle size and a second red fluorescencer with smaller particle size are mixed and said first fluorescencer and second fluorescencer comprises respectively 0.07-0.08 g atomic weight of europium as an activator relative to 1 mole of yttrium oxysulfide as a mother body.

Abstract: In a color cathode-ray tube, the effective area of the panel is formed to be smaller than panel projected area of the apertured area of the shadow mask. The effective area of the panel having straight outlines and right-angled corners to form a rectangular shape, and each of apexes thereof coincides with that of the panel projected area. To obtain the above rectangular effective area, the present invention adopts means for restricting exposing extent between the light source and the panel, in the exposure of black matrix (FIG. 6).

Abstract: An electron-optical device comprising a cathode ray tube with an envelope comprising an electron gun for producing an electron beam, whose inner surface carries a multi-element layer electrode such as a helical structure formed from a high-ohmic resistance material, which structure constitutes a focusing lens. A deflection system is used for moving the focused electron beam across a laser crystal arranged in the tube. Due to the laser action of the crystal, a scanning laser is realized. The laser light leaves a window in the tube envelope. The window extends at an angle between 20.degree. and 60.degree. to the longitudinal axis of the tube which is parallel to the electron beam incident on the laser crystal. Used in, inter alia, projection tubes and electron beam-pumped lasers (for example, scanning lasers).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a cathode ray display tube in which the layers of a scattered electrons suppressing material are formed on the surface of a metal back layer on a phosphor layer and the inner surface of a funnel part. Each of the scattered electrons suppressing material layers on the surface of the metal back layer and on the inner surface of the funnel part is formed with an amount per unit area within specific ranges. The scattered electrons suppressing material layer is provided to form a laminated layer which is composed of lamina shaped graphite particles with a diameter which is ten times or more as large as a thickness and an average particle size in terms of spherical volume not more than 2 .mu.m. The scattered electrons suppressing material layers reduce unnecessary light emission due to scattered electrons and improve the contrast of a display image. A projection display system providing a display image with high contrast can be constituted by using the cathode display tubes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a display screen comprising a phosphor composition of a sulphide and/or selenide-containing phosphor which is provided with a coating which comprises one or more catena-polyphosphates of one or more alkaline earth metals, zinc, cadmium and/or manganese. In such a display screen, in particular a low-energy cathode ray display screen, the advantages of the efficient sulphide or selenide-containing phosphors can be used and said display screen remains bright and rich in contrast for a long period of time because the coating acts as a stabilizing protective coating which limits the corrosion processes in sulphide and/or selenide-containing phosphors induced by low-energy radiation.

Abstract: A transparent substrate having a glare reducing diffuser surface coating on its outer surface forms a faceplate for attachment to a screen for a cathode ray tube or other display device. The coating has a preferred thickness of less than about 3 microns, and the substrate may include an index matching adhesive/medium for attaching said faceplate to a cathode ray tube screen. The diffuser surface coated substrate is bendable and overcoatable with functional coating such as transparent conductor and/or abrasion resistant coatings.

Abstract: Described are methods for making, and resultant structures of, a field emission display with soft luminescence and a comfortable image for a viewer of the display. The field emission display is formed with a baseplate and an opposing face plate. Field emission microtips are formed in openings in a conductive and insulating layer on the baseplate. An anode is formed on either the faceplate, or on the conductive layer surrounding each opening. Phosphorescent material is formed over the anode. A blocking layer is formed between the phosphor and the faceplate, such that during operation of the display direct light emission from the phosphor is blocked, resulting in indirect phosphorescence and a more comfortable display image. An optional reflective layer may be added over the conductive layer to increase phosphorescence.

Abstract: The inner surface of a video display panel such as cathode ray tube (CRT) glass faceplate is initially coated with a mixture of one of the primary color phosphors, an organic binder such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) diluted with water, and a photoresist agent. The organic binder overcomes the poor adhesion to the glass faceplate of the photoresist which typically includes polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and reduces the oxygen which decreases phosphor exposure time. To overcome PVA and PVP incompatibilities which give rise to nonuniform film thickness, a vinyl pyrrolidone-vinyl alcohol (VP-VA) copolymer is added to the phosphor, organic binder and photoresist mixture in the range of 0.1-30 wt %. The copolymer with both the VP and VA functioning groups serves as a coupling agent between the PVA and PVP and eliminates incompatibilities between these components. The VP-VA copolymer preferably has a VP/VA mole ratio in the range of 20/80 to 80/20.

Abstract: There is disclosed a display screen including a transparent substrate, color optical filters formed on the substrate, and a black matrix layer formed on the filters and consisting of black pigment particles. Phosphor layers are formed on the color optical filters on which the black matrix layer is formed.

Abstract: A screen structure of a cathode-ray tube includes color filters of three R, G and B colors arranged individually on the inside of the panel, black matrixes between each color filter, a complex phosphor which mixes phosphors of the R, G and B three primary colors in equal proportion on the front side, black matrixes and color filters being spread on the front side, to maintain the most suitable repeatability of images, namely the most suitable color purity and brightness character, demonstrating an easy formation of the screen.

Abstract: A Braun tube for a projection television receiver in which homogeneity of luminance in the peripheral portion of a screen is obtained by setting the screen width-to-length ratio to 16:9 with the curvature radius of the long side is less than that of the short side when the fluorescent surface is viewed from the outer circumference of a panel so that the main axis of the light incident to the peripheral portion of the screen is refracted more toward the center portion of the screen than the other portion thereof.

Abstract: A light absorptive antireflector comprising a substrate, a light absorbing film formed on the substrate and a silica film formed on the light absorbing film, to reduce reflection of incident light from the silica film side, wherein the geometrical film thickness of the light absorbing film is from 5 to 25 nm, and the geometrical film thickness of the silica film is from 70 to 110 nm.

Abstract: A color picture tube is disclosed, that comprises an outer sheath having an electron gun, the outer sheath being airtightly sealed, a face plate having light transmissivity and disposed on the front surface of the outer sheath, and a large number of red, blue, and green pixels regularly arranged inside the face plate, wherein the pixels have a fluorescent substance layer and a color filter, the fluorescent substance layer being lit by a radiation of an electron beam, the color filter being disposed between the fluorescent substance layer and the face palate, and wherein green pixels have a chromaticity that is plotted in the fourth quadrant of a coordinate system of a (L*a*b*) color system where a* is the horizontal axis and *b is the vertical axis when light of a standard light source C is reflected on the outside of the face plate.

Abstract: A phosphor layer structure of a color cathode ray tube in a screen formed of a block matrix and red, green and blue phosphors is suitable for improving white luminance, in which .tau.>.alpha., .tau.>.beta. and .alpha..beta..alpha./.tau., and .alpha./.tau.=0.91.about.0.65 providing that a width occupied by the red phosphor is designated by .alpha., that occupied by the blue phosphor is .beta. and that occupied by the green phosphor is .tau..