Abstract: A tuning method for filters having multiple coupled resonators isolates the characteristics of each resonator, enabling a specified filter response to be achieved by adjusting the resonators according to response criteria. A target frequency response is defined for the filter and a target time domain response is computed based on the target frequency response. From the time domain response, a gating function is generated for each of the resonators. A stimulus signal is provided to the filter and the response to the stimulus signal is measured. The gating functions are then applied to isolate the characteristics of each resonator. Each resonator is adjusted according to response criteria chosen to achieve a specified filter response when the response criteria are satisfied.

Abstract: A high-frequency, e.g., microwave, filter (100, 300, 400) is made, e.g., stamped or etched, from a single sheet (110, 310, 410) of electrically conductive material, e.g., a metal plate or a printed circuit board. The sheet defines a frame (112, 312, 412-413), one or more resonant filter elements (114, 311-315, 411-415) inside of the frame, one or more supports (116, 316-317, 416) connecting each resonant filter element to the frame, and a flange (118, 318, 418) on one of the resonant filter elements. The flange serves as an electrical contact to the filter; another flange (317, 417) on another element, or the frame itself, serves as a second contact. An electrically conductive housing (104, 304, 404) encapsulates both faces of the sheet.

Abstract: Electrodes having slot patterns, electrodes having strip patterns, or dielectric strips, for example, form transmission lines and resonator patterns on the upper faces of dielectric substrates or conductive substrates, for example. Resonators formed by the resonator patterns are arranged at the ends of the transmission lines at the end portions of the substrates. A pair of the resonators are electromagnetically coupled to each other, whereby the corresponding transmission lines are also connected to each other.

Abstract: A resonator, a filter, an oscillator, a duplexer, and a communication apparatus employing these devices have improved efficiency characteristics in confining an electromagnetic field in an opening of an electrode, suppressed current concentration, and minimized conductor loss. Electrode patterns are formed near short-circuited positions in a slot so that the slot will be divided into smaller-width slot lines. Consequently, the efficiency in confining the electromagnetic field is improved, and conductor loss is minimized.

Abstract: A microwave amplifier includes a bias circuit including a micro-strip line and a capacitor for biasing an output line of a FET with a DC voltage, and a filter block implemented by a low-pass-filter or a band-rejection-filter and a capacitor serially connected between the output line and the ground. The filter block passes a beat frequency generated by two of the carrier signals included in the input signal of the FET while maintaining the carrier signals on the output line.

Abstract: By using a method for manufacturing a dielectric laminated. device, an opening is formed on a first dielectric sheet, a strip line and an input and output line including an input and output electrode are formed by burying electrode materials in said opening, the first dielectric sheet is laminated with the second and third dielectric sheets disposed above and below respectively to form a laminate, a first and second shield electrodes and a ground electrode are formed, an end of the strip line is connected to the ground electrode, the first shield electrode and the second shield electrode are mutually connected through the ground electrode, and the input and output electrode is exposed along the line direction of the strip line. By this constitution of the above dielectric laminated device, the mounting reliability of the dielectric laminated device can be further increased.

Abstract: A resonator for rf frequencies, especially microwave, in telecommunications systems, with an extremely stable resonant frequency over a desired operating temperature range, of predetermined width (Y) and thickness (X) and having a predetermined length (Z) in the direction of propagation for achieving a desired resonance, comprises a dielectric substrate of rutile, and first and second temperature compensating layers of sapphire on two opposite faces of the substrate and extending along the length of the substrate, these sapphire layers having a predetermined thickness, and first and second superconducting layers formed on the outer surfaces of the temperature compensating layers.

Abstract: A resonator minimizes degradation of the Q factor, accurately adjusts the frequency, and reduces the size and profile thereof. A voltage controlled oscillator including such a resonator includes a multilayer substrate. The multilayer substrate includes a first grounding conductor layer, a first dielectric layer, a strip line layer, a second dielectric layer, a second grounding conductor layer, and a third dielectric layer. A strip line is disposed on the strip line layer, and a microstrip line is disposed on the third dielectric layer. The strip line is connected to the microstrip line via a through hole to define the resonator. A portion of the second grounding conductor layer that faces the microstrip line is removed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a thin film is performed such that the internal stress is controlled while the preferred orientation property is maintained at a high value. An AlN piezoelectric thin film is formed on a substrate by a sputtering method using a mixed gas including Ar and nitrogen, wherein the mixed gas has a nitrogen flow rate ratio, that is, nitrogen flow rate relative to the sum of the Ar flow rate and the nitrogen flow rate, of about 10% to about 75%.

Abstract: A dual-mode band-pass filter having a greatly reduced size and a high design flexibility, includes a frame-shaped electrode pattern disposed on one surface or inside a dielectric substrate. A pair of input-output circuits are coupled to the frame-shaped electrode pattern. The plane shape and the line-width of the frame-shaped electrode pattern are configured so that two generated resonance modes are coupled to each other.

Abstract: In order to provide a resonator for rf, especially microwave frequencies, for use in mobile telecommunications systems and satellite communications systems, with a particularly high Q value, the resonator, of predetermined width (Y) and thickness (X), and having a predetermined length (Z) in the direction of propagation for achieving a desired resonance, comprises a dielectric substrate, and first and second dielectric layers on two opposite faces of the substrate forming mirrors at which electromagnetic waves propagating along the length of the substrate will experience internal reflection, the dielectric layers having a predetermined thickness and having a dielectric constant less than that of the substrate. First and second conductive layers are formed on the outer surfaces of the dielectric mirrors. The substrate may be formed of sapphire and the dielectric mirrors of MgO. The conductive layers may be normal conductors or superconducting HTS layers.

Abstract: A method is disclosed which allows the electrical characteristics of a microstrip line filter or the like to be reliably measured using a two-dimensional measuring jig, even if components thereof to be measured are small in size and are not discrete components. A first ground electrode is formed substantially over the entire bottom surface of a dielectric substrate, and resonator electrodes are disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate. Input/output electrodes are each connected to a first-stage resonator electrode and a last-stage resonator electrode. Second ground electrodes conductively connected to the first ground electrode are disposed beside each of the input/output electrodes. By this structure, each of the input/output portions is provided with a grounded coplanar guide configuration.

Abstract: A high-frequency circuit element that realizes a high degree of input-output coupling without causing an increase in loss and irregularity in impedance. A resonator made of a conductor film is formed on a substrate made of a dielectric monocrystal or the like. An input-output line made of a conductor film having a uniform line width is formed on the same surface of the substrate as the surface on which the resonator is formed. A part of the side edge of the input-output line is located along a coupling part on the peripheral part of the resonator and spaced from the resonator by a gap part.

Abstract: A resonator, a filter, and a duplexer are provided which are capable of very effectively suppressing the power loss caused by the edge effect, and which allow a great reduction in the overall size to be achieved. Also, a communication device including the above-mentioned filter or duplexer is provided. A ground electrode is formed over the bottom surface of a dielectric substrate, and a multiple spiral line pattern is formed on the top surface thereof. A radial line pattern is further formed on this surface with an insulation layer interposed therebetween. By thus disposing the radial pattern adjacently to the multiple spiral resonator constituted of the above-mentioned multiple spiral line, an electrostatic capacitance is added to the multiple spiral resonator. This reduces the occupation area of the resonator on the substrate, and improves the loss reduction effect.

Abstract: A band pass distributed element filter having real and imaginary transmission zeros by sequentially connecting half wavelength microstrip resonators and adding a cross coupling circuit has been difficult to implement as a planar circuit on the same plane, since the cross coupling circuit crosses one of the resonators. The distributed element filter is constructed by sequentially connecting n half wavelength microstrip resonators (n is an even number equal to or more than 4) each formed from a straight or hairpin microstrip line, wherein the number of straight microstrip lines and the number of hairpin microstrip lines are both odd, and wherein quarter wavelength straight microstrip lines for external circuit connection are coupled to the first and n.th resonators, respectively, and a cross coupling circuit is connected to the microstrip lines of these resonators or to the ends coupled to the microstrip lines.

Abstract: In order to compensate changes in the resonant frequency of the resonator occurring owing to fluctuations in the distance between the reference distance (ds) and an actual distance (ds±&Dgr;ds) in an RF strip line resonator with a strip line (10) which is arranged at a desired distance (ds) from a metallic conductor (11), the strip line (10) is curved. This curvature induces eddy currents in the conductor (11). The eddy currents bring about a reduction in the inductance of the RF strip line resonator. The smaller/larger the distance between the strip line and the metallic conductor becomes, the smaller/larger this inductance becomes.

Abstract: A dielectric laminated device, has a layered product including a plurality of dielectric layers; and

Abstract: A planar bandpass filter that comprises a substrate having a ground plane on one side and a plurality of resonators on the other side. Each resonator includes an elongated inductive portion and a capacitive portion. The elongated inductive portions are coupled through the substrate at the end opposite of the capacitive portion to the ground plane. The planar bandpass filter also includes a first tap and a second tap. The first tap is connected to a first elongated portion to serve as an input to the bandpass filter. The second tap is connected to a last elongated portion to serve as an output to the bandpass filter.

Abstract: A resonator includes a hollow dielectric element having a hole therein, a helical line unit including a plurality of helical lines formed in the hole, and a ground electrode formed on an outer surface of the dielectric element.

Abstract: A multi-stage amplifier for amplifying radio frequency signals includes a first amplifier stage having a first transistor and a second amplifier stage having a second transistor. The first transistor includes a first drain connected to a reference voltage through a first connection circuit. The second transistor includes a second drain connected to a reference voltage through a second connection circuit. The amplifier also includes a first transmission line connecting a portion of the first connection circuit to a portion of the second connection circuit and a resistive element connected in parallel with the first transmission line between the portion of the first connection circuit and the portion of the second connection circuit. The resistive element suppresses oscillation conditions at either of the first and second bias terminals.

Abstract: A bandpass planar filter (110) comprises a signal input and a signal output (116), and one or more resonator elements (112, 114) coupled serially end-to-end between the input and the output across gaps (118) that separate the elements from the input, the output, and from each other. The resonator elements form a serpentine shape such that at least two portions of the serpentine shape are positioned side-by-side parallel to each other separated by a spacing (120). The side-by-side portions effect additional coupling between the resonator elements that forms a notch (transmission zero) (204) in the passband (200) of the filter. The input, output, and resonator elements are etched into one surface (106) of a PC board (102); the other surface (104) of the PC board forms a ground plane of the filter, and the substrate (103) of the PC board forms a dielectric of the filter.

Abstract: A method of producing a band-pass filter includes selecting the shape of a metallic film and the connection points of input-output coupling circuits such that first and second resonance modes are generated in a metallic film provided on a dielectric substrate. At least a portion of the resonance current or the resonance electric field in at least one of the resonance modes is made discontinuous such that the first and second resonance modes are coupled.

Abstract: By using a method for manufacturing a dielectric laminated device, an opening is formed on a first dielectric sheet, a strip line and an input and output line including an input and output electrode are formed by burying electrode materials in said opening, the first dielectric sheet is laminated with the second and third dielectric sheets disposed above and below respectively to form a laminate, a first and second shield electrodes and a ground electrode are formed, an end of the strip line is connected to the ground electrode, the first shield electrode and the second shield electrode are mutually connected through the ground electrode, and the input and output electrode is exposed along the line direction of the strip line. By this constitution of the above dielectric laminated device, the mounting reliability of the dielectric laminated device can be further increased.

Abstract: A dielectric antenna duplexer used in a high frequency radio device such as a portable telephone, and a dielectric filter for forming the duplexer of the SIR (stepped impedance resonator) composed by cascade connection of first transmission lines having one end grounded and second transmission lines having one end open and lower in characteristic impedance than in the first transmission lines, first transmission lines and second transmission lines are individually coupled in electromagnetic field, thereby forming an antenna duplexer and a dielectric filter of small insertion loss, high bandwidth selectivity, excellent band pass characteristic, and low cost.

Abstract: A high-frequency dielectric ceramic composition comprises Ba, Ti, Nd, Sm, and Pr as primary components represented by the formula xBaO-yTiO2-z{(1−m−n)Nd2O3-mSm2O3-nPr2O11/3} wherein coefficients x, y, z, m, and n represent molar ratios, x+y+z=1, 0<m≦0.40, 0<n≦0.25, and the coefficients x, y, and z are in an area bounded by points A, B, C and D in a ternary diagram, wherein point A is at (x=0.16, y=0.70, z=0.14), point B is at (x=0.16, y=0.68, z=0.16), point C is at (x=0.13, y=0.68, z=0.19), and point D is at (x=0.13, y=0.70, z=0.17); wherein the composition further comprises a Bi compound in an amount of more than 0 parts by weight to about 9 parts by weight on the basis of Bi2O3 and an Fe compound in an amount of more than 0 parts by weight to about 0.

Abstract: A first electrode layer having a first electrodeless portion is formed on the upper surface of a dielectric plate, a second electrode layer having a second electrodeless portion opposing the first electrodeless portion is formed on the lower surface of a second dielectric plate, and electric lines are formed by an intermediate electrode layer formed between the first and second electrode layers.

Abstract: A dual operation mode all temperature filter is provided. The dual operation mode filter is provided with a housing defining at least two cavities, an input port and an output port. It is also provided with a non-superconducting resonator disposed in a first one of the cavities and a superconducting resonator disposed in a second one of the cavities. The second resonator comprises a superconducting material containing 8-15% silver. The dual operation mode filter filters at a relatively high level at temperatures below a threshold temperature and at a lower, conventional level, at temperatures below the threshold.

Abstract: A stacked type dielectric resonator comprises a plurality of stripline conductors disposed in a dielectric substrate composed of a plurality of stacked dielectric layers, and a ground electrode formed on the dielectric substrate, wherein via holes are provided, which electrically connect the respective stripline conductors, for example, to portions of the ground electrode disposed on a lower surface respectively.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator comprises electrodes formed on both the main surfaces of a dielectric substrate and a thin film multi-layer electrode of thin film conductor layers and thin film dielectric layers having fixed thickness alternately laminated which constitutes at least one of the electrodes, and is characterized in that by giving abrasive treatment or etching treatment to the external portion of the dielectric substrate and the external portion of the electrodes formed on both the main surfaces of the dielectric substrate the end portions of the electrode is made in an electrically open-circuited condition. In this way, a dielectric resonator making effective use of the characteristic of low loss of the thin film multi-layer electrode is presented.

Abstract: The method for adjusting a resonance frequency of a ring resonator formed as a strip line ring exactly includes removing successive amounts of conducting material from one or more positions (2,3) on the strip line ring (1) with a laser until the ring resonator has a desired predetermined resonance frequency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coplanar line filter or a duplexer, comprising: a dielectric substrate; a plurality of &lgr;/4 coplanar resonators provided on said dielectric substrate, said plurality of &lgr;/4 coplanar resonators comprising; a first center conductor having electrical length corresponding to a quarter wavelength; and a ground conductor provided with a gap from said first center conductor; a capacitive coupling portion comprising a gap provided between said first center conductors of a pair of said &lgr;/4 coplanar resonators; and a inductive coupling portion, comprising a guide conductor which electrically connects said first center conductor and ground, provided at a joint portion of a pair of said &lgr;/4 coplanar resonators; said plurality of &lgr;/4 coplanar resonators being connected in series with said capacitive coupling portion and said inductive coupling portion provided alternately.

Abstract: A high power superconductive circuit has a thin film of high temperature superconductive material on a substrate. The circuit is formed from wafers that are placed into corresponding grooves within the substrate and held in place by adhesive. The grooves can be blind grooves or they can be through holes and the wafers will have a corresponding size and shape. The wafers include a thin film of high temperature superconductive material and can form resonators or an input or output. A circuit constructed in this manner has a relatively high power handling capability compared to circuits created by etching.

Abstract: An electromagnetic resonator has a resonant element made of a high-temperature superconducting material such as YBa2Cu3O7-x. The resonant element has a substrate coated with a thermally conductive layer such as silver, over which the high-temperature superconductor material is placed. The thermally conductive layer distributes heat along the length of the resonant element to minimize the effects of localized heating at, for instance, the center of the resonator. The resonant element is held to a housing by a mounting mechanism including a post made of polycrystalline alumina. The polycrystalline alumina transfers heat away from the center of the resonant element and may be used to suppress spurious response due to second harmonic resonance.

Abstract: A coplanar resonator comprising first center electrodes each having open ends and a ground electrode which extends along either side thereof is formed on the upper plane of a dielectric substrate, and second center electrodes and a perimeter electrode are formed on the lower plane of the dielectric substrate, so as to face the above center electrodes and ground electrode. A filter, duplexer, and communication device using this resonator are provided, thereby reducing the size of the resonator part formed of electrode patterns on a dielectric substrate, facilitating reduction in size of the overall device, and increasing no-load Q.

Abstract: A coupling structure for a ferrite-based resonator comprises a short, stiff mounting rod and ferrite sphere are mechanically coupled to a substrate that provides support for a stiff coupling loop. The structure reduces differential movement between the sphere and the coupling loop, thereby reducing vibration-induced degradation of resonator performance. This resonator structure may be used in tunable, wideband oscillator, filter, or amplifier circuits, for example. In one embodiment, the mounting rod is a poor thermal conductor, thereby thermally isolating the sphere, which becomes nearly isothermal.

Abstract: A filter including first and second resonators and a coaxial cable connecting the resonators. Also, a filter including a housing and stepped impedance resonators wherein the high impedance portions of the stepped resonators are integral with the housing. Also, methods of manufacturing the filters.

Abstract: A plurality of circular or elliptical first, second, and third strip conductors are formed on the surface of a substrate made of a dielectric single crystal. The first, second, and third strip conductors are coupled to one another via gap portions. A ground plane is formed on the entire rear surface of the substrate. A first coupling terminal and a second coupling terminal are inductively coupled to the first planar circuit resonator in directions where first and second coupling terminal excite the two resonant modes of the first planar circuit resonator, which are orthogonally polarized.

Abstract: A stacked type dielectric filter comprises two sets of resonators arranged in a dielectric substrate constructed by laminating a plurality of dielectric layers, in which each of the resonators includes two resonance electrodes superimposed in a stacking direction; wherein one resonance electrode of the two resonance electrodes for constructing each of the resonators is formed to have a wide width as compared with the other resonance electrode. Accordingly, even when any stacking deviation occurs in the plurality of resonance electrodes during the production, it is possible to decrease the variation of characteristics. Thus, it is possible to maximally exhibit the effect (high Q value, small size, and high performance) to be obtained by constructing the resonator by superimposing the plurality of resonance electrodes in the stacking direction.

Abstract: An electromagnetic resonator has a resonant element made of a high-temperature superconducting material such as YBa2Cu3O7-x. The resonant element has a substrate coated with a thermally conductive layer such as silver, over which the high-temperature superconductor material is placed. The thermally conductive layer distributes heat along the length of the resonant element to minimize the effects of localized heating at, for instance, the center of the resonator. The resonant element is held to a housing by a mounting mechanism including a post made of polycrystalline alumina. The polycrystalline alumina transfers heat away from the center of the resonant element and may be used to suppress spurious response due to second harmonic resonance.

Abstract: A resonator includes an insulating plate having a circular through hole, an arc-shaped conductor line formed in the periphery of the through hole and on the top face of the insulating plate or in the inner wall of the through hole, a first electrode connected to one end of the conductor line and a second electrode connected to the other end of the conductor line wherein both first electrode and the second electrode are provided on a side face of the insulating plate.

Abstract: A interdigital, slow-wave coplanar transmission line resonator utilizing a coupler. Sections of interdigital, slow-wave coplanar transmission lines having lengths of an integral number of quarter waves act as resonators. In one embodiment shorted transmission lines proximately located to the resonators electromagnetically coupled to the resonators to provide input and output ports to the resonators. In another embodiment, transmission lines are connected by taps to the resonators to provide input and output ports.

Abstract: A chip capacitor is arranged on a microstrip conductor forming a microstrip line. The chip capacitor has a dielectric material and electrodes provided on both ends thereof. The electrodes of the chip capacitor are connected to the microstrip conductor. A resonance frequency is decided by the length of the microstrip conductor between the electrodes of the chip capacitor, the dielectric constant and the thickness of the dielectric substrate and the capacitance value of the chip capacitor.

Abstract: A resonator having high Q-value has a compact structure with little loss caused by the conductor's resistance. The resonator includes a high-frequency circuit element. Two points on the circumference of the conductor of elliptical shape which forms the resonator at which both of the two dipole modes of the resonant modes of the resonator polarizing orthogonally are excited equally and are located at neighboring positions input/output bonding points. The input/output terminals are bonded to the resonator at the input/output bonding points.

Abstract: A microwave waveguide or resonator for conducting microwaves of high energy density at high temperature for sintering hard materials has a support of a highly heat-resistant material and a laminated body at least partially mounted on the support and having a surface coating consisting of nitrides, carbides, or carbonitrides of elements of the IVa to VIa groups of the periodic system and having a thickness between 0.10 &mgr;m and 100 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The ring resonator of a high Q-factor has a planar conducting ring (1) that is dimensioned in regard to its conductor width (w) and its diameter (d) so that it resonates in an odd harmonic or overtone vibration mode but not in its fundamental mode.

Abstract: A dielectric filter includes a first dielectric layer containing at least a pair of strip-line resonators to be electromagnetically coupled to each other. Second and third dielectric layers are disposed in an opposed relation to each other with the first dielectric layer sandwiched therebetween and having substantially the same dielectric constant (K1). Each of the second and third dielectric layers contains at least one shield electrode. The dielectric filter further includes fourth and fifth dielectric layers which have substantially the same dielectric constant (K2) and are interposed between the first and second dielectric layers and between the first and third dielectric layers, respectively. The dielectric constant (K2) of the fourth and fifth dielectric layers is selected to be less than any one of the dielectric constant (K1) of the second and third dielectric layers and the dielectric constant (K3) of the first dielectric layer.

Abstract: A dual-mode ring resonator including a planar conductor ring (1) of an approximately square shape with rounded corners (2,3,4,5) has a better resonator quality factor than has previously been obtained. The circumference or length of the conductor ring (1) is dimensioned so that the resonator is operated in one of its even-numbered harmonic modes.

Abstract: A chip capacitor is arranged on a microstrip conductor forming a microstrip line. The chip capacitor has a dielectric material and electrodes provided on both ends thereof. The electrodes of the chip capacitor are connected to the microstrip conductor. A resonance frequency is decided by the length of the microstrip conductor between the electrodes of the chip capacitor, the dielectric constant and the thickness of the dielectric substrate and the capacitance value of the chip capacitor.

Abstract: A compact coil design is provided for a linear accelerator resonator (70) capable of resonating at a predetermined frequency. The coil (90) comprises a plurality of generally circular coil segments (90a-90n), each of the coil segments having a polygonal cross section wherein flat surfaces (122) of adjacent coil segments face each other. The polygonal cross section may take the form of a rectangle having dimensions of length x and width y, wherein dimension x section defines the flat surfaces (122) of adjacent coil segments (90a-90n). The coil segments (90a-90n) are provided with a dual channel construction for providing the introduction of a cooling medium into the coil. The dual channel construction comprises an inlet passageway (118) and an outlet passageway (120) having separate a separate inlet (100) and outlet (102), respectively, at a first end (94) of the coil, and wherein the inlet and outlet passageways (118, 120) are connected and in communication with each other at a second end (96) of the coil.

Abstract: An electromagnetic resonator has a resonant element made of a high-temperature superconducting material such as YBa2Cu3O7−x. The resonant element has a substrate coated with a thermally conductive layer such as silver, over which the high-temperature superconductor material is placed. The thermally conductive layer distributes heat along the length of the resonant element to minimize the effects of localized heating at, for instance, the center of the resonator. The resonant element is held to a housing by a mounting mechanism including a post made of polycrystalline alumina. The polycrystalline alumina transfers heat away from the center of the resonant element and may be used to suppress spurious response due to second harmonic resonance.